DE2458726A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR CLEANING THE SURFACES OF RAIL MATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

PAT fi.NXA N Wl GTE / -4 OO / 26

DIPL.-ING. C. STOEPEL DIP Γ.-1NQ. W, GOHWITZEK DIPL.-ING. F.W. MINOR

674 LANDAU / PALATINATE AM SOHÜTZENHOF

TEL. 06841 / 8000,6083 TKIEX 458388 POST CHECK: 87 LÜDWIOSHAPEN 273Θ2BANK: DEUTSCHS BANK 674 XANDAtT-PFALZ

\\ : yes. ¹ ^ ³ T Le

Soci ^ te de Constructions Mecaniques de Creil CO.M.E.C.

"Method and device for cleaning the surfaces

of railway material "

The invention relates to cleaning, especially to the degreasing of web-shaped material, in particular sheet metal sheets and strips made of metal. The subject of the invention is in particular a method and apparatus for continuously removing oil, grease and other contaminants from surfaces of sheet metal and metal strips.

The degreasing of objects with a large surface by physical means, e.g. by scraping or scratching, or by The use of water or organic solvents to which detergents have been added is known per se. *

In the case of sheet metal and metal webs, which are produced, for example, by rolling or other processes that serve to deform the metal the soiled surfaces are generally cleaned by immersing the sheets in a solvent for a long enough time and then moving the sheets around several times

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Coils around suitable cylinders. Using this technique are numerous There are associated inconveniences, especially insofar as a spacious workplace is required because of the radii of curvature the sheets require a lot of space. In practice, work can only be carried out discontinuously, so that these processes are expensive are. According to a modified method, the metal web, optionally after drying, is converted into one with steam Environment filled with organic solvents. This approach involves the use of powerful cooling and condensation systems required for the solvent. In addition, dangerous vapors and contaminants occur in the treatment room on.

It has been shown that the disadvantages mentioned can be avoided and that the problem of cleaning surfaces of web material through the use of physical means and solvent treatment effectively solved with the help of an automatic device that takes up little space could be.

The invention is based on the object of a continuously operating degreasing process for web material, in particular for sheet metal and metal strips.

The further task is the automatic exercise of cleaning processes on webs with mechanical means and then send with solvents for fats and oils, while the said webs run continuously, without being deformed, through a machine in which the facilities for the successive treatments so are arranged that they require very little space and absolute security is achieved.

ORIGINAL SNSPECTED

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This task and others to be shown in the course of the description / Objects are achieved with the method according to the invention, in which one after the other on the surfaces to be cleaned of the web material and during a rectilinear continuous movement of these material webs a mechanical degreasing, a Atomizing organic solvent in an enclosed space, wiping off the solvent film, and then wiping it off Warm air drying can be carried out and in which the oils, fats and other impurities are collected in each treatment phase and the solvent is recovered after the impurities have been removed and again at the atomization station is introduced.

The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the above-mentioned method; this device, housed on a machine frame that takes up little space, comprises: .

a device that keeps the continuously moving web material to be cleaned at a practically constant height above the ground holds,

a device for mechanical degreasing,

a device for atomizing an organic solvent in an enclosed space, means for wiping off the liquid solvent film,

a device for final drying,

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Devices to collect on the one hand the oils, fatty substances and other impurities and on the other hand of the organic solvent, the latter then being passed into the atomization phase after it has been freed from the impurities is returned.

The device for holding the web in a horizontal plane has a clamping device at the machine entrance, which consists of a lower, free-running roller and an upper driven roller, as well as a deflection system at the exit end of the machine, for example a non-powered roller that allows the web to be kept at a constant height above the ground.

The mechanical degreasing and wiping of the liquid solvent film is done by wiping both sides of the web using a series of plastic slats or wipers that be pressed against the belt over the entire bandwidth and inclined in the direction against the continuous web movement are.

An organic solvent is in between the mechanical degreasing and wiping off the liquid solvent film atomized in an enclosed space and at normal temperature. For this purpose, a number of flat jet nozzles are advantageously used, which are attached to alignable lines on both sides of the web to be cleaned are arranged.

The drying device arranged at the machine outlet advantageously consists of lines whose open, nozzle-like ends allow preheated air to escape through a slot of suitable opening width on both sides of the web.

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The devices for collecting the mechanical cleaning of the belt before the solvent is atomized Contaminants consist of a group of devices that are inclined below the devices carrying the scraper lamellae Channels that guide the fats and oils into a container housed inside the machine frame. Catching the contaminated organic solvent during the atomization and drying process is also carried out with the help of below Troughs that bring the solvent together via pipes in a sedimentation vessel, the overflow of which leads into a container, from which the solvent freed from its main impurities through a line system with suitable valves and Pumping is returned to the atomization section. .

The atomization of the solvent takes place in an enclosed space, while the wiping and wiping devices for the two sides of the web material are in operation, that is, that the plastic lamellas rest against the entire width of the web with pressure. Therefore, there is no loss and no harmful one occurs Evaporation of solvent during or after atomization.

All facilities mentioned are housed in a space-saving manner inside the machine frame in such a way that the complete Device has an overall size of less than 2.50 m. aside from that all processes run automatically, so that the straight feed movement of the web in the machine is not interrupted needs.

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For a better understanding, an embodiment of a device having the essential features mentioned above is described below described, which is intended in particular for degreasing metal webs. The description refers to the attached drawings, which reproduce the following:

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective representation of a device according to the invention with the removed Machine cover,

Fig. 2 is a section through the main part of the machine frame, cut along the line II - II in Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the operating device for the tables containing the devices for degreasing and wiping the webs.

The device shown in the drawings has a strong machine frame 1 which is provided with a floor and has cuboid shape. The side walls or longer sides 2 of the cuboid are attached to uprights 3, which through at their upper end a carrier 4 are connected to one another. The frame 1 carries an entrance table or an exit table on welded angle iron, which are each arranged at one of the machine ends. These tables are not shown in Fig. 1, the location of their attachment is denoted schematically by A and B, respectively.

The following devices are arranged above the frame 1:

A clamping device for gripping the tape to be cleaned 7 with an idle lower roller 8 with fixed shafts rotating in bearings and an upper tilting roller 10, which is driven by a (not shown) hydraulic motor with reduction gear is set in rotation. The roller 10 rotates in two bearings 11, the

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Arms 12 are attached, which are hinged to the uprights 3 at 5 and which pivot under the action of a hydraulic cylinder 50 which is fixed in the upper part of the machine. The hydraulic cylinder and the hydraulic motor are fed from the central generator group of the machine.

A non-driven deflection roller 13, which is above the output table B is arranged and is intended to serve to deflect the belt 7 so that it is a practically constant height above the ground retains. ''

An assembly of an upper table 14 and a lower table 15, which is shown in Fig. 2 in the open position. During the Cleaning operations are the table surfaces against the two sides of the band 7 out. At each of these tables is on each side each has a sliding guide 18 (FIG. 3) attached, which slide along a vertical column 16 arranged in one of the stands 3 leaves. One on the bottom of the frame 1 exactly in his Hydraulic cylinder 19 arranged in the middle stands with its piston rod 20 in connection with the lower table 15. The vertical movements with which the two tables approach or from each other remove, are synchronized by a mechanism that has a lever 51 around a held on the machine frame Axis 52 is rotatable. The two ends of the lever 51 are each connected to a sliding guide 18 by a swing arm 17.

Each table has - seen from left to right in Fig. 2:

A movable wiper holder 20 made of stainless steel and fixed on the table. The scrapers or lamellas 21 from Plastic are facing with their end face of the direction of travel of the belt 7 opposite and each row of lamellae is so arranged that

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the impurities are carried away to the side of the table. The lower table has grooves 22 that guide the recovered oil into the The interior of the machine frame 1 should lead into it. These grooves are inclined so that the oil reaches a return line 45.

A half-box 23 on which exchangeable plates 24 made of stainless, plastic-coated steel can be attached. An atomizing line 25, which can be pivoted in different directions and has a number of atomizing nozzles 26, runs through this box. the flat jet spray an organic solvent on each side of the band 7. The half box 23 is sealed and attached to a central Connected trigger, which forms part of the (not shown and to be explained below) machine cover. The lower The table shows channels 27 which are inclined in the opposite direction to the channels 22 and which lead the recovered solvent in lines 42, 43.

A second movable blade holder 28 of the same type as the first, with blades that serve to hold the remainder of the solvent film wipe when the surfaces of the upper and lower tables are guided against the belt 7.

A drying device provided on the exit side of the belt, consisting of similar lower and upper lines 29, the each run out into a nozzle clamped on the end of the line, so that air is blown out through a slot which runs in the direction of travel of the tape has an extension of, for example, between 0.3 and 1 mm. the Air used for drying is conveyed under pressure through lines 30 or into the sealed boxes 32 and 33, each within one of the two tables 14 and 15 are formed and are provided with electrical resistors 34 and 35 for heating the air '. In the machine frame 1, the assemblies mentioned below are located within the ReehteckraumeSj, which is formed by the side walls 2 and the small side surfaces 6 is delimited "

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A large capacity solvent container 36 generally made of stainless steel and subdivided so that several container parts are created, and expediently: a container part 37 in which the heavy Particles sink and the lighter solvent flows through an overflow opening into a container part 38 in which the constituents, which are lighter than the solvent (foam, etc.), float above, while in a container part 39 the solvent of is kept free from all its impurities. The container 36 is on one of its sides as is the corresponding side of the machine frame 1 is provided with a customary level (not shown) which provides a minimum and a maximum display.

A motor pump arrangement 40 on the lid of the container 36, which connects the atomizing lines 25 via a line 41 pressurized solvent supplied.

The already mentioned lines 42, 43, the through the mentioned Catch channels 27 draining solvent and pass it through a line 44 into the settling vessel 37 of the solvent container 36.

Finally, the line 45, which carries the free-flowing oils and fats from the channels 22 during the stripping process before the solvent atomization catches and leads into an oil tank 46, which is shown in the Embodiment is placed on the solvent container 36. ,

Apart from the machine frame, the stands 3 and the carrier 4 and the frame parts forming the tables, all of them exist Components that come into contact with organic solvents are either made of stainless steel (pipes, roller covers, interior

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screw connections, etc.) or are provided with a coating made of a plastic that is resistant to all solvents in question is constant. This is especially true for the rollers 8, 10, 13, the Lamellae 21, the circumferential seals of the sealing parts 24 and in general for all seals and sliding guides with the solvent parts coming into contact. The following plastics come into consideration: all polymers or copolymers of olefins, styrene derivatives, Vinyl and vinylidene halides, polyimides, fluoropolymers, etc.

For the solvent to be used according to the invention, there is a choice between all fat solvents customary in industry. The choice should of course primarily be based on the non-flammable solvents and the solvents with the highest possible ignition temperature fall, to which the group of chlorinated solvents belongs, from them, for example, polychlorethylene.

In practical terms, one machine is the most important Parts have been explained above, completely covered and the enclosure not shown here leaves only the input and Free exit side through which the belt to be cleaned passes, and of course contains viewing openings and access options f on the most important machine parts. Runs at the highest point the cover hood into a flue pipe above the half-box 23 or at the point where the solvent is atomized; this The exhaust pipe is connected to a suction fan leading to the outside. If necessary, you can remove any solvent vapors that might escape - if, for example, a very volatile solvent is used - in one layer of activated carbon or another Catch absorbent placed in the chimney.

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The operation of the device according to the invention will now be described.

First of all, it should be noted that the device in question, in practical operation, is generally between a web pulling device and a machine that is tensioning the web is set up. The said The cleaning device therefore does not have the task of exerting a pull on the web. The clamping device 8, 10 and the deflection device 13 only have rollers that touch the belt 7 and make it flat and stretched during its run through the machine keep. Before the cleaning process begins, the tables 14 and 15 are brought into the open position while the clamping device is closed as soon as it has grasped the end of the tape, that is, that the roller 10 is lowered onto the idling roller 8 and then the motor for the rotary drive of the roller 10 is switched on. If that is in the device that has been introduced into the tape is grasped by the machine applying the tension, becomes a sequence of fully automatic processes triggered, namely: lifting the arms 12 of the roller 10 - moving the tables 14 and 15 against each other by the hydraulic cylinder 19, the Swing arms 17 and lever 51 - wiping the tape with the;

Lamellae 21 of the first wiper holder 20 - atomization of the solvent wipe with the aid of the nozzles 26, the flat jets of which appear on both sides of the strip 7, intersect on the plane of the strip the remaining solvent with the lamellae of the second wiper carrier 28 - then drying by means of the under pressure exiting the slots of the device 29, heated by the resistors and 35 air. Oil or contaminated solvent used during of the process have been recovered are passed into the containers 46 and 36, respectively, and during further operation of the device the actual solvent arrives ", delivered by the motor pump 40, from the container part 39 constantly back into the lines

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Of course, a number of electrical safety measures are provided in the machine for safety reasons, for example: to prevent the tables 14 and 15 from moving against one another when the resistors 34 and 35 are not connected to voltage, for checking purposes the solvent flow, to switch off the overheated resistors without interrupting the cleaning process, etc.

A prototype of the device according to the invention with an overall length from about 2.20 m was operated with perchlorethylene as a solvent and resulted in perfect cleaning of metal strips with a width of 1.50 m, which were guided in a uniform straight motion through the device.

The method and the device according to the invention can be used for the degreasing and cleaning of all materials, which have flat surfaces and whose thickness is up to 100 mm. For example, plastic films or plastic tapes can are subjected to the sequence of cleaning steps described above. However, the device according to the invention is particularly well suited for the continuous cleaning of sheet metal and metal strips, their Width and feed rate may vary within wide limits, especially since the device according to the invention is obviously light in structure can be adapted to the dimensions and types of material to be cleaned.

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Claims (5)

Patent claims 1. Procedure for removing oil, grease and other contaminants of the surfaces of material webs, characterized in that successively and continuously during one of rectilinear uniform movement carried out on the sheet material in a horizontal plane, the following treatments are carried out be: mechanical degreasing, atomization of organic solvent in an enclosed space, wiping off the liquid Solvent film and subsequent drying with warm air, with oils and fats recovered from each treatment stage are, while the solvent, after it has been freed from the impurities, splashed recently in the atomization phase will. 2. Device for carrying out the process for the continuous removal of oil, grease and other contaminants from the Surfaces of web material according to Claim 1, characterized by the following machine frames which take up little space arranged units: a device that constantly controls the web material to be cleaned holds at a practically constant height above the ground, a device for mechanical degreasing, a device for atomizing an organic solvent in an enclosed space, means for wiping off the liquid solvent film, 5 0 9828/1008 a device for final drying, Devices to collect the oil and other impurities on the one hand and the organic solvent on the other, which the latter is then returned to the atomization phase after it has been freed from the impurities. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2 and measures for holding the web material at the entrance of the machine, characterized by a clamping device equipped with two rollers, one of which can be driven and one free at the exit of the machine Has revolving guide roller. 4. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that for carrying out a mechanical degreasing, which consists in that the two web material surfaces to be cleaned are swept over with scrapers, lamellas made of plastic are provided are that can be pressed against the web material over the entire width of the web material and those in the direction against the continuous web movement are inclined. 5. The device according to claim 2, characterized by a plurality of Mach jet nozzles for atomizing the solvent, which are attached to lines adjustable in their direction on both sides of the web material to be cleaned. 6. The device according to claim 2, characterized by a device for wiping off the solvent film with the aid of Plastic lamellas, which can be pressed against this over the entire width of the web material and in the direction against the continuous Orbit movement are inclined. 5 0 9 8 2 8/1008 7. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that that the drying device has lines, the open, nozzle-shaped ends of which have a stream of preheated air against each side straighten the web material. 8. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the directionally adjustable atomizing lines are housed in a tightly closing half-box which is arranged in the middle of the device and the upper portion of which is in communication with a central trigger. 9. Device according to claims 4 to 8, characterized in that that the group of the scraper holder, the half-box and the dry air lines from an 'upper and a lower table are carried, are arranged on each side of the web traversed by the web material, and a device is provided is, with which the two tables towards each other or from each other are movable away. 10. The device according to claim 9, characterized by the arrangement of the following units on the tables, from the entrance of the Apparatus towards its exit: holder for the scraper for degreasing the web material, an atomizing half-box, holder for the wipers to wipe the solvent film off the Web material and finally a drying device. 509828/1008 11. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the device for the recovery of oil and fat on the one hand and the organic solvent, on the other hand, has inclined gutters which are below the means for degreasing, for atomizing and are arranged for wiping and open into lines that lead into containers that, depending on the assignment, the oil or the Absorb contaminated solvent, which the latter can be returned to the circuit of the atomizing device for the solvent after the contaminants have been allowed to settle. 12. Device according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that that the movable upper or lower table is supported on the upper part of a machine frame, the lower part of which has the shape of a parallelepiped and, apart from the gutters, all the equipment for the recovery of oil and fat as well of the organic solvent contains. 13. Device according to one of claims 2 to 12, characterized characterized in that all device parts which can come into contact with the organic solvent are made of stainless steel exist or are provided with a plastic coating resistant to such a solvent. 14. Device according to one of claims 2 to 13, characterized in that «the pinch rollers and the deflecting roller, the slats or scrapers and all sealing parts and sealing means are coated with plastic or consist of plastic. 50 982 8/10 0 8 -.17 - 15. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that it is used for cleaning sheet metal and metal sheets of all widths and thicknesses, 16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that ethylene or another chlorinated solvent is used as the organic solvent). 5 0 9 Ö 2 8/1 Ü Ü 8