DE2454162A1 - Electronic circuit for counting hits in fencing - has switches in foil blades which are actuated by contact with opponent to energise counter - Google Patents

Abstract

The end of each foil is provided with a spring loaded button which tends to keep the switches (S1) and (S2) closed. One terminal (P1) of the switch (S1) is connected to the diode (D1) which is connected to earth. The other terminal (P1') is connected to the waistcoat (WB) of one of the fencers which is also connected to the counting circuit (TB). The terminal (P1') is also connected to the variable resistance (RB) and to the positive terminal of a 12V battery. The switch (S2) is similarly connected to the opponent's waistcoat (WA) and the negative 12V terminal. When a fencer makes a hit the switch (S1) or (S2) is opened and closed and actuates the counter (TA) and (TB).

Description

Device for the electrical display of hits in fencing. The invention relates to a device for the electrical display of hits in fencing, for each of the two opponents an electrically conductive and with a hit indicator electrically connected vest, as well as a foil is provided that carries a hit indicator at its tip, consisting of a foil switch and a plunger that opens the foil switch in the event of a hit two switch contacts the one electrically constantly on the plunger and by means of one in foil-insulated lead via a series resistor to the operating voltage, the other switch contact to the foil compound formed from the blade, bell and handle is connected, the operating voltages of both foil 5 opposite are polarized.

Such devices are known. Becomes the foil switch when pushing opened on the opponent's vest, so the electrical connection of the plunger solved with the Plorett mass and the opposing vest learns through the over the Tappet and the series resistor connected upstream of it with the operating voltage applied to the series resistor, a potential change that in the hit display device connected to the vest to a hit signal leads. However, if the victim touches intentionally or accidentally during the hit one's own vest, despite the hit, the vest's potential is on the same level as that with the Device ground kept the same potential as the foil ground, as the direct connection between the foil compound and the vest is much lower resistance than the connection with the operating voltage of the opposing foil via its series resistor. That constant vest potential does not allow a hit display to come about. It is therefore up to the victim to suppress the hit display.

The invention is based on the object of providing a device of the type mentioned at the beginning Kind to train so that the disadvantage described is avoided, so a safe one Hit display is also made if the person hit was hit by his own during the hit Vest with the mass of your own foil, that is with its blade, Bell or knob touched.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that with each Foil a diode is provided between the foil mass and the device mass, which in turn are polarized according to the polarity of the respective operating voltage is that when the foil switch is closed by the series resistor, the foil switch and the diode a current can flow, and that the series resistor at both Florets a resistor that is controllable to higher resistance values is when between the ground the foil assigned to the respective series resistor and the own vest of the Blorettführer electrical contact is established.

The diode first creates an electrical coupling of the foil compound reached by the device mass. Foil mass and device mass are therefore correct with the device according to the invention no longer match. Which in case of touching the own vest with own foil greatly increasing series resistance of plorett furthermore leads to a strong decoupling of the foil from its operating voltage. As a result, the foil is no longer low-resistance when it comes into contact with the west, but only via such high impedances with the device ground or the operating voltage tied together, that it is no longer the west potential in a hit display preventive extent.

A preferred embodiment of the invention in which the controllability of the series resistor is implemented in a particularly simple manner, is characterized by that the series resistor consists of a higher-resistance fixed resistor, which is a series circuit from a low-resistance fixed resistor and a transistor connected in parallel in this way is that the emitter of the transistor is connected to the isolated foil line, and the base of the transistor via a resistor and a diode to the associated Vest is connected, the vest being connected to the associated operating voltage Another resistor is connected and the polarity of the diode is dependent of the polarity of the operating voltage is chosen so that the transistor of the Operating voltage is normally controlled through the diode. Will be at this Circuit arrangement touches the vest with the mass of its own foil, so are The emitter and base of the transistor are connected to one another via the vest. The transistor therefore blocks and switches the low-resistance fixed resistor in series with it off, so that only the higher-ohm fixed resistor remains effective as a series resistor.

The described and other features of the invention are as follows explained in more detail using an embodiment shown in the drawing; 1 shows a schematic representation of the hit detector of a foil, namely in the partial figure a in the normal case, in the partial figure b in the event of a hit, Fig. 2 is a schematic drawing of the parts essential for understanding the invention of a device according to the invention, FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of the device according to the invention, only the circuits essential to the invention are shown.

The mode of operation of a hit detector is shown schematically in FIG 1 shown how it is attached to the tip of a foil, not shown is. The hit detector consists of a foil switch S 1, S 2 and a plunger 3, which is slidably guided in the detector housing 2 in the longitudinal direction of the foil. Normally the plunger 3 protrudes and the foil switch S 1, S 2 is closed, as part of figure a shows. In the event of a hit, however will the plunger 3 pushed back into the jacket 2 of the hit detector and thereby the foil switch S 1, S 2 open, as shown in part b. From the two switch contacts one is always electrically connected to the plunger 3 and according to the figure 2 by means of a line 4 insulated in the foil and the connection point P 1 ', P 2' via a series resistor RA or

RB connected to the respective operating voltage + 12 V.

The other switch contact is on the other hand to the blade, bell and Booklet formed and indicated in the drawing by the point P 1 or P 2 of the foil attached. Figure 2 shows that the operating voltages + 12 V of both foils are polarized in opposite directions, with the same in FIG. 2 as later also in Figure 3, of the hit indicator of each foil only the respective one Foil switch S 1, 5 2 with its plunger 3 and the points P 1, P 2 and P 1 'and P 2 'are shown.

In Figure 2, the two vests WA, WB are also shown schematically, which are electrically conductive and each with a hit indicator TA, TB are in electrical communication.

With every foil there is between the foil mass, namely the point P 1 or P 2 and the device ground a diode D 1 or D 5 provided, which in turn corresponds to the polarity of the respective operating voltage + 12 V. is polarized that when the foil switch S 1, S 2 is closed by the series resistor RA, RB, the foil switch and the diode a current can flow. The series resistor RA, RB is a resistor controllable to higher resistance values on both foils, which is indicated in Figure 2 by the arrow in the circuit symbol of the resistor. This control towards a higher resistance value takes place when between the mass of the foil assigned to the respective series resistor and your own Vest of the foil guide an electrical contact is made, so when in Figure 2 one of the connections V indicated by dashed lines comes about. For example the vest WB touches the switch S 2 and the switch S 2 is opened, so the vest BB takes over the plunger 3 of the switch S 2 and the series resistor HA the left operating voltage of - 12 V. Will be at the same time the vest WB with your own foil, i.e. with the foil switch S 1 closed with one of the dots When P 1 or P 1t is touched, the one that is greatly enlarged at that moment prevents it Resistance value of the series resistor RB a stronger influence of the right operating voltage from + 12 V to the potential of the vest WB. At the same time, the diode D 1 is polarized so that that it locks when the potential of the vest WB over the plunger of the switch S 2 and the series resistor RA becomes negative. By touching the Vest WB with its own foil (P 1, P 1 ') can therefore use the potential of the vest In the event of a hit, WB no longer in a manner that excludes the hit display be held.

In detail, Figure 3 shows an embodiment in which the series resistor RA, RB consists of a higher-resistance fixed resistor R 1, R 14, which is connected in series from a low-resistance fixed resistor R 2, R 15 and a transistor T 1, T 6 is connected in parallel. This parallel connection takes place in such a way that the emitter of the transistor to the insulated foil line P 1 'or P 2' and the base of the transistor via a resistor R 4, R 17 and a diode D 2, D 6 to the associated Waistcoat WA, WB is attached. The vest WA or WB is attached to the associated Operating voltage + 12 V connected via a resistor R 3, R 16 and the polarity of the diode D 2, D 6 is as a function of the polarity of the operating voltage selected that the transistor T 1, T 6 from the operating voltage via the diode D 2, D 6 is normally driven through. This of course assumes that under the respective operating voltage polarities the transistor T 1 is an npn transistor, the transistor T 6 is a pnp transistor.

The circuit of the transistors T 2, T 3 and T 7 corresponds to that in Figure 2 indicated hit display devices TA and TB. The hit signals are removed from G 1 or G 2 and sent to a hit evaluation, which is not interested in the context of the invention and therefore no further is described.

Further, each vest WA, WB is one of the vest potential across the resistance R 9 or R 22 controlled electronic switch, each consisting of the transistors T 4 and T 5 or T 8 and T 9, respectively. This switch holds the assigned Series resistor HA or RB of the opposing foil switch S 1, S 2 also then its low-resistance value when the blade of one's own foil is the opponent's Vest only touched. This takes place in the exemplary embodiment of the circuit according to FIG. 3 in such a way that the electronic switch T 8, T 9 or T 4, T 5 via a diode D 4 or D 8 on the basis of the resistor associated with the opposing foil Transistor T 1 or

T 6 a voltage of opposite polarity to the respective operating voltage switches.

The mode of operation of the circuit is described below: I Idle state (Switch S 1, S 2 closed, West WA and WB by the opposing team Foils not touched): In the in Pig. 3 left half of the circuit is starting from the operating voltage - 12 V the transistor T 6 via R 16, D 6 and R 17 full controlled up, so that the smaller resistor R 15, for example, 20 ohms full next the larger resistor R 14, for example, 100 ohms becomes effective. The one about the parallel connection generated from R 14 and R 1g, as well as further through the switch S 2 and D 5 current flowing at point P 2 practically the potential of the device ground, more precisely a slight one negative voltage (approx. - 0.6 V) corresponding to the voltage drop across diode D. 5. The WA vest is on the operating voltage of practically - 12 V. The Diode D 3 blocks so that no current can flow through R 5. That's why he is Transistor T 2 completely blocked, transistor T 3 correspondingly completely open. This creates practically zero potential at the output of transistor T 3, which means that no hit is displayed, since the hit display has a potential above + 5.5 V at output G 1 or G 2 corresponds. Next is over - R 9 because of the negative bias of the transistor T 4 blocked. Therefore T 5 is fully controlled, so that there is a negative voltage at its collector.

However, D 4 blocks so that the transistor T 1 from this negative voltage remains unaffected.

On the right half of Fig. 3 the ratios are accordingly, however, the operating voltages there are reversed in sign. Here too the transistor T 1 is fully turned on, so that a slightly positive at P 1 Potential, namely the voltage across D 1 is present. Vest B is over R. 3 at a potential of practically + 12 V. Over D 7 the transistor T 7 is therefore fully opened, so that at the output of T there is again practically zero potential, so no hit is displayed, as hit display at this output as well only corresponds to a potential above + 5.5 V. The transistor T 8 is blocked via R 22, the transistor T 9 is fully switched on, so that at the collector of T 9 a voltage of almost + 12 V is applied, but this is caused by the blocking diode D 8 is kept away from the transistor T 6 so that they do not affect the transistor T 6 can.

For a better understanding, the drawings are in the close state fully switched ntransistors identified by sharpening; the others Transistors are in the blocking state.

Hit condition (without touching one's own vest with the mass of the own foils). Assume a hit on the vest WB. Then touched the switch S 2 the vest WB and is opened. By opening S 2 R 14 is connected to the vest WB via the switch plunger. The point P 2 lies free. Via the parallel and series connection R 14, R 15, T 6 and further via the The negative operating voltage of - 12 V is applied to the WB vest on the ram of S 2. This negative voltage blocks the transistor T 7 via D 7 and thus at its output A positive voltage is generated across R 21, so that a hit display is obtained, when this output voltage is above + 5.5 V.

In the inverted pall, i.e. when the vest WA is touched by S 1, the positive voltage then appearing on the vest WA opens the transistor via D 3 T 2, which in turn blocks the transistor T 3, so that again a positive via R 8 Potential appears at the output of T 3, which leads to the hit display if it is over + 5.5 V.

If the vests WA or WB are activated by the switch S 2 resp.

S 1 touches directly, so that between the respective counter and there is no significant transition resistance in the touched vest, so represents A control voltage of such magnitude is applied to the transistors T 3 and T 7, that these transistors block completely and thus at the respective display outputs G 1, G 2 full voltage of + 12 V appears. But this has transition resistance a finite value, it forms a voltage divider together with R 5 or R 18, so that a lower control voltage across R 6 or R 19 to control the transistors T 2, T 3 or T 7 is available. This has the consequence that the transistors T 3 and T 7 do not close completely and thus one each at output G 1, G 2 A lower positive output voltage than + 12 V arises, and indeed a lower one Voltage, the greater the contact resistance between S 1 and waistcoat WA or S 2 and Vest WB is. By suitable choice of the size of R 5 or R 18, one can in particular choose the ratios so that no blocking of the transistors T 3 or T 7 and thus no more hits are displayed if the value of the transition resistance is 400 ohms exceeds.

Depending on the value of the contact resistance between zero and 400 ohms then changes the display voltage at the outputs G 1, G 2, it being the downstream of these outputs, not shown in the drawing and here not described evaluation circuit is incumbent on the output signals according to voltage size and thus by size of the respective contact resistance and to be classified according to the applicable sports rules. Such increased contact resistance occur, for example, when not the vest itself, but directly only one spot in their neighborhood on the opponent's body is hit, whereby then the relationships on the strength between the hit point and the vest Determine the transition resistance.

III Hit condition, but the hit person touches the mass of his Foils your own waistcoat.

Assuming that the switch S 2 touches the vest B and thereby is opened, the condition described under II is set. In addition But now comes that point P 1, that of the mass, that is to say of the blade, of the bell or corresponds to the knob of the foil with which the vest WB comes into contact. That has to Polge that the emitter and base of the transistor T 1 on the vest WB, the Diode D 2 and the resistor R 4 are connected so that T 1 blocks. R 2 becomes thereby ineffective and there is now a series circuit consisting essentially of R 1, P. 1 ', P 1, vest WB, S 2, R 14, the latter 15 being in parallel with transistor T 6. The potential that became negative as a result of the hit (connection between S 2 and vest WB) the vest WB shifts to smaller values as a result, but remains negative. It is, for example, in the case of a pure hit situation, corresponding to the values below II described conditions - 10 V, with simultaneous contact with the vest the mass of your own foil about -5 to -6 V. In any case, the potential remains the vest WB, despite the contact with its own Plorett, was so negative that the Transistor T 7 is blocked via D 7 and so on at output G 1 of the transistor positive potential in the sense of a hit display appears.

If the situation is reversed, then S 1 meets the vest WA and at the same time this vest mA is touched with one's own weapon, i.e. with P 2 connected, so blocks T 6, which has the result that the potential of the vest WA despite the contact with one's own weapon by the hit from S 1 so far positive remains that T 2 switches through and T 3 blocks and so on again at output G 2 positive potential in the sense of a hit display appears.

The functionality of the electronic switches T 4, T 5 and T 8, M 9 can be described as follows: Let us first deal with the case that S 2 has come into contact with the vest WB and is thereby opened. Independently of, whether or not the vest WB is touched with its own foil (P 1) or not the victim touch the WA vest with the blade of his foil. At this Contact of the vest WA by S 1 (next to the hit S 2 on the vest WB) occurs Via R 1, S 1, P 1, Waistcoat WA, R 16 a voltage divider that adjusts the bias voltage via R 17 at T 6 changes, in the sense of a blocking of T 6. By closing T 6 would only be effective for R 14, which results in a high contact resistance between S 2 and vest WB would pretend. This would have the consequence that at the output G 1 a Signal voltage arises, which despite a direct hit on the vest WB is smaller Has a value of + 12 and is therefore evaluated as a hit with high transition resistance would. The hit would therefore be classified incorrectly in the downstream signal evaluation. In order to rule out this risk of incorrectly displaying hits, you must block T 6 can be prevented. The electronic switches T 4, T 5 and T 8 are used for this purpose. T 9. In detail, T 6 is opened via D 8, R 26 and - 12 V, see above that R 15 remains effective alongside R 14. This control is achieved because T 9 is blocked contrary to the idle state, since T 8 via R 22 due to the engative voltage on vest WB is turned on. In fact, the transistor T 6 is only very much blocked for a short time and then immediately opened again via D 8. The thereby conditional temporary short voltage change at output G 1 is for the hit evaluation harmless, since this evaluation takes place with greater inertia. The control of T .8 is much more sensitive than that of T 7. Therefore, T 8 is also then already fully opened when T 7 is by no means fully blocked. The connection from T 6 to T 9 is therefore already complete when the potential the vest WB therefore does not reach its full negative value in the event of a hit, because the vest WB has been touched with its own plorett (P 1). Since T 9 is always blocked when the vest WB hits, T 6 is opened in the described sense regardless of whether at the same time with the hit the vest Has been touched with one's own weapon or not. In the opposite case, namely hits on vest WA, contact of vest WB with the opponent's blade (P 2, P 2 '; lie the circumstances accordingly. T 5 is / D 4, R 13 opened so that R 1 and R 2 remain fully effective. Another description of this State unnecessary, since it is completely analogous to the circuit state discussed above stands.

Claims (4)

Expectations Device for the electrical display of hits in fencing, whereby for everyone of the two opponents an electrically conductive and with a hit indicator electrically connected vest, as well as a foil is provided that carries a hit indicator at its tip, consisting of a foil switch and a plunger that opens the foil switch in the event of a hit two switch contacts the one electrically constantly on the plunger and by means of one The line insulated in the foil is connected to the operating voltage via a series resistor, the other switch contact to the foil compound formed from the blade, bell and handle is connected, the operating voltages of both foils opposite are polarized, characterized in that for each foil between the foil mass (Point P 1, P 2) and the device ground a diode (D 1, D 5) is provided, which accordingly the polarity of the respective operating voltage is in turn polarized in such a way that when the Foil switch (S 1, S 2) through the series resistor (RA, RB), the foil switch and the diode a current can flow, and that the series resistor (RA, RB) at both Foils one to higher Resistance values controllable resistance is when between the mass of the foil assigned to the respective series resistor and electrical contact is established with the foil driver's own vest. 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the series resistor (RA, RB) consists of a higher-resistance fixed resistor (R 1, R 14), which is connected in series from a low-resistance Pest resistor (R 2, R 15) and a transistor (T 1, T 6) is connected in parallel in such a way that the emitter of the transistor is isolated from the guided foil line (P 1 ', P 2') and the base of the transistor via a resistor (R 4, R 17) and a diode (D 2, D 6) connected to the assigned vest (WA, WB) is, the vest (WA, WB) to the associated operating voltage (+ 12 V) via a Resistor (R 3, R 16) connected and the polarity of the diode (D 2, D 6) as a function on the polarity of the operating voltage is chosen so that the transistor (T 1, T 6) normally controlled by the operating voltage via the diode (D 2, D 6) will. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that each vest (WA, WB) an electronic switch (T 4, T 5 resp. T 8, T 9) is assigned to the series resistor (RA, RB) of the opposing team Plorett switch (S 1, S 2) holds at its low resistance value even when the blade of its own Bloretts just touched the opponent's vest. 4. Apparatus according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that-the electronic switches (T 8, T 9 or T 4, T 5) via a diode (D 4, D 8) on the Base of the transistor (T 1 or T 6) a voltage with opposite polarity to the respective operating voltage switches.