DE2446927A1 - Wide surface variable radius curved concreting framework - with sideways movable beam shank ends engaging membrane and variable length chord sections - Google Patents

Abstract

The large-area form assembly, comprising form membrane, supporting beams and beam-interconnecting transverse chord, is esp. suitable for use in concreting large tanks with different radii of curvature. The beams (2) have shanks (3) engaging the form membrane (5) with one open edge (4), and these shanks can be moved sideways in the area of their engagement without causing lasting deformation. Chord sections (6), of different length, or of adjustable length, can be attached to the beams, running across their line and connecting them together; threaded spindles may be used for length adjustment of these. The shanks, on a U-shaped beam, may run out at an angle to each other crossways, and may be fitted with length-adjustable spacer units.

Description

LARGE SURFACES The invention relates to a Large area formwork, in particular for surfaces with different curvatures with a formwork skin, these supporting girders and the cross straps connecting the girders ..

It is already known, in particular floor-to-ceiling large-area formwork to use. These are usually designed as rigid structures, so that they can only be used for very specific applications.

There is therefore the task of a large-scale formwork of the initially mentioned type, which can also be used for differently curved surfaces, e.g. at Build large containers with different radii of curvature each can be used can.

Such a large-area formwork is the only solution to this problem characterized in that the carrier have legs which ittit. with attack a free edge on the formlining that the legs of the carrier in the area their attack on the formlining can be moved laterally without permanent deformation and that the length of the beams runs transversely to them and connects them different or adjustable strap sections can be attached.

This design of a large-area formwork makes it possible to to adjust or replace the strap sections and thereby the carrier more or contract less. This allows the curvature of the attached to these beams Formwork skin can be changed, with the mobility of the support legs of the formwork skin leaves the appropriate leeway for a curvature, while rigid supports at least would prevent such a curvature in the support area. Both a convex as well as a concave curvature depending on the choice or setting of the length of the strap sections possible, so that a flat surface can be formed at the same time.

The belt sections or the like can be close to that of the formwork skin facing away from the outside of the carrier, possibly on protrusions still protruding there, attack. The larger the lever arm is under which the strap sections in their Adjustment or running across the formlining under a tensile load, all the easier is adjustability.

Particularly It is particularly useful if the strap sections by means of screw spindles running in the direction of orientation of the belt sections are adjustable in length. For example, two can be used as a cross belt oppositely rising threads having bolts directed against one another be provided, which In a common freely rotatable clamping sleeve with corresponding Engage mating threads, and / the bolts; Axis parallel to the carrier can be pivoted. This is a particularly simple one Belting, as it can partly consist of commercially available parts. Still is good adjustability of the length of the strap sections in one-or-the other Direction and good absorption in these belt sections of tensile or compressive forces possible depending on the direction of curvature of the formlining. It is also useful if Carriers with an approximately U-shaped cross-section are provided, -whose U-legs through-ch a transverse web are connected, which is on the facing away from the formwork skin Side is located.

A further development of the formwork of essential importance can therein exist that for fastening on the carrier sides facing away from the formwork skin a clamp od. The like. For fixing integrally connected, a continuous Belt sections forming belt element are provided and that the C-belt element is preferably is flexible. This makes it possible to reduce the curvature of a formwork when it is loosened Clamps on the beams zR. with-a template and then the clamps to tighten, whereby the set curvature of the formwork with the help of the belt element is determined. If the curvature changes, the clamps are loosened again, so that they can move relative to the belt element while at the same time the belt element can adapt to the new curvature.

Further essential refinements result from further claims.

Below Below is the invention with its her as essential related details with reference to the drawing described in more detail. It shows: -Fig. 1 is a plan view, FIG. 2 is a view and FIG. 3 is a vertical one Section through a large-area formwork element curved from two adjustable straps Formwork created for a curved wall section - or a segment from one Container or the like, Fig. 4 is a plan view of a large-area shuttering elements created formwork for a straight wall, where instead of the adjustable strap sections a rigid belt is provided, FIG. 5 is a view and FIG. 6 is a vertical one Section through the formwork shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 7 is a plan view of a modified one Embodiment of the formwork according to the invention and FIGS. 8 to 10 three .Austührungsbeispiele of clamps to peat continuous belt elements.

A large-area formwork - also called formwork element 1 in the following - should be used primarily for shuttering curved surfaces and - at the same time, more expediently Way to be adjustable in different XrUmmungen.

That The formwork element 1 has to support 2 with legs 5, which attack with a free edge 4 on the formwork skin 5. Here are the legs 3 the carrier 2 in the area of their attack on the formwork skin 5 without permanent deformation laterally movable so that it follows the corresponding curvature of the formlining 5 can adapt well.

On the beams 2 are transverse to this, connecting them, adjustable strap sections 6 can be attached.

It can be seen especially in Fig. 1 that the strap sections 6 close to the outside of the carrier 2 facing away from the formwork skin 5, possibly even on there Attack outwardly protruding projections 7. This allows the adjustment of the Belt sections 6 become more effective in the sense of a curvature of the formwork skin 5. If a belt section 6 is shortened, this results in a convex curvature of the formwork facing 5, while a correspondingly large extension of a belt section 6 is a concave Curvature results. When shuttering a curved wall, according to FIG. 1, the a formlining 5 convex and the opposing formlining 5 concave curved, so that with the formwork elements 1 a curved wall with but parallel surfaces can be shelled. If necessary, 'ar, over the height of such a wall a change in the curvature due to varying degrees of adjustment of the different Straps arranged at heights possible.

The formwork elements used on the inside of such a curved wall can either be a little shorter or there can be compensating elements on the outside to be advanced. The belt sections 6 are in the exemplary embodiment by means of in the direction of orientation of the belt sections extending screw spindles in their Adjustable length. For this purpose, two are opposed to each other as a cross belt rising thread-having bolts 8 directed against one another are provided, which into a common, freely rotatable clamping sleeve -9 - - with corresponding mating threads intervention. The bolts 8 are each in the carrier area Respectively a carrier-parallel axis 10 can be swiveled - t by turning the corresponding one Attack possibilities for a tool having clamping sleeve 9 can therefore Projections 7 and thus the outer sides of the carrier 2 more or less drawn together or be pushed apart. The resulting curvature of the formwork facing 5 and the corresponding rotation of the carriers relative to one another is carried out at the belt sections compensated for by their angular attachment. It can be seen that the clamping sleeve 9 has a passage, \, \ for a push-through lever for turning.

In the exemplary embodiment, an abutment 12 is provided on each carrier 2 two trägerparalellen axle pieces 10 are provided, which one at the end of the enforce the respective cross-belt bolt 8 arranged eyelet 13. These abutments 12 thus practically form the aforementioned projection 7. The eyelets 13 are not shown in FIG recognizable because they come to lie below the bearing of the axle pieces 10.

The abutment 12 with the articulated mounting for the transverse straps 6 is releasably attached to the carrier so that it is at different heights on this carrier is attachable. It is also possible that console-like on the back of the carrier Belt holder 14 for receiving a continuous straight or with prefabricated Curvature provided belt 15 are hangbEr, which is shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 is. As a result, the formwork elements 1 can also be flat or fixed for formwork curvature Curvature having surfaces used in a simple manner will.

It can be seen in the figures that the carrier, 2 with an approximately U-shaped cross-section are provided, the U-legs 3 are connected by a crosspiece 16, which is located on the side facing away from the formlining 5. At least this U-crossbar-16 the carrier 2 is provided with holes, preferably keyhole-like, one above the other 17 for attaching the abutment 12 or belt holder 14 for the cross straps and in addition to attack clamping elements 18 or the like. Provided. Depending on the distance between these holes 17, the abutments 12 can be in more or less large increments in different Heights can be attached. First and foremost, however, they are mainly in the upper and lower areas be attached to the lower support area.

According to FIG. 1, the abutment 12 of the transverse belt engages over the 7-transverse web 16 and the adjoining edge area of the U-legs 3 in a form-fitting manner. As a result, there is better transmission of the tensile or compressive forces from the adjustable Belt sections on the carrier 2 possible in order to achieve the smoothest possible formwork skin 5 received, it is provided in the embodiment that the legs 3, the carrier 2 flanges 19 directed away from each other for fastening by means of the rear side the formwork skin have 5 screw-in screws.

At On at least one edge of the large-area formwork, in the exemplary embodiment on both edges, are flush with the edge, Ribs 20 standing at right angles to formwork skin 5 in cross section, in the exemplary embodiment Angle profiles, for the connection of further formwork panels 21 (see Fig. 4) any Construction attached. In this case, these edge ribs 20 of the large-area formwork 1 keyhole-like openings for fastening with corresponding holes have grid panels 21 provided in edge webs with the aid of bolts 22, which bolts can have cross pins for their determination in the functional position. The bolts 22 are only indicated schematically in FIG. 4. It is also indicated that angle elements 23 are connected to a panel 1 in this way can be used if a corner is to be connected to the panel.

The provided on the edge angle profiles 20 are each with one of the Leg 24 by means of screws screwed in from the side facing away from the formwork facing attached directly to the formwork skin 5, so that the actual The formlining remains smooth.

An essential embodiment of the invention provides that the legs 3 of the U-shaped carrier 2 in cross section from the U-transverse web 16 extend obliquely apart. This results in a relatively large distance in the area of attack on the formwork skin 5 of the flanges 19, so that between these flanges 19 19 the Formwork skin 5 can be adapted well to the curvature provided in each case and such Curvature in the fastening area of the carrier can take part well, which is due to the Mobility of the legs 3 is also favored.

Another major advantage of the formwork described above results from the fact that the cross section of the entire formwork element is transverse to the girders 2 practically represents a lattice composite in which the formwork skin 5 to a certain extent the upper chord and the spindles 8 with the clamping sleeve 9, the lower chord and the inclined ones Legs 3 of the carrier 2 represent the lattice struts. It is known that lattice girders are used particularly stiff, which is what this formwork element is due to the above-described cross-section makes use of. Accordingly, particularly in the Formwork of round containers clamping points can be saved, which is shown in Fig. 1 by the Omission of a tensioning element is indicated. With smaller round containers possibly due to the previously described rigid construction of the formlining even completely or almost completely on clamping points can be dispensed with, since one annular arrangement of the formwork elements a mutual reinforcement of these formwork elements results.

On the edge it should also be mentioned that / with the help of the above Clamping elements also vaulted ceilings or the like.

can be produced.

In the embodiment it is also shown that the legs 3 of the Carrier 2 can be adjusted relative to one another with preferably length-adjustable spacers 25 and are definable. This allows additional stiffening of a formwork achieve or a bias of the carrier in particular in different Carry out girder heights depending on the concreting pressure to be expected there, as well as an adjustment Carry out or fix on certain curvatures of the formlining.

A particularly advantageous embodiment is based on FIGS. 7 to 10 of the invention described. Same parts with the embodiments according to the previous figures have been given the same reference numerals so that their repeated exact description is unnecessary.

:: Be1 of this embodiment is intended to be attached to the rear sides facing away from the formwork skin 5, that is to say the respective U-transverse web 16 Clamps 26 or the like. To set integrally contiguous, a through -hendes belt element 27 forming belt sections are provided. The belt element 27 is expediently at least somewhat flexible. Because that's what it is possible to adjust the curvature of a formwork element la when the clamps 26 are loosened, wherein the curvature and the position of the Gurtelenentes 27 relative to the carriers can be adjusted loosely. Will If terminals 26 are then set, the belt element 27 is clamped in the previously set position, which also the. Curvature of the formwork element la is fixed. This represents another expedient Possibility of setting a desired curvature of the formwork element.

According to FIGS. -8 to 10, the belt element 27 can have a round cross-section exhibit. However, it is also possible that the belt element each have the shape of a Flat iron .qde.r also has another profile and preferably .eise with his The narrower side surfaces are oriented at right angles to the formlining, so that the flexibility is achieved at least to the desired extent.

In the exemplary embodiment it is shown that at each terminal me 26, 26a or 26b, two strap elements 27 can be fixed on both sides of a clamping bolt 28. As a result, with practically no increased effort with regard to the clamps, a more stable Strapping can be achieved. What is meant, of course, is that on each terminal of a formwork element 1 a two such belt elements 27 can find space where this regardless of which of the terminals shown or not shown Is used.

In the embodiments according to FIGS. 8 and 9 is dar-.

placed that as a terminal 26 or 26a a Auflazerplatte 29, a Klerzplatte 30 and a clamping bolt penetrating these two parts Clamping bolt 28 are provided, the clamping bolt 28 having a head 31 or the like; to reach behind the rear wall of the formwork support formed by the U-transverse web 16 in the area a hole 17 has. The clamp can therefore very easily be pushed through the keyhole-like Hole 17 hung and tightened after inserting the strap elements 27. The support plate 29 and the -Klem have: iplatt'e. 30 each to each other corresponding recesses 32 for the form-fitting insertion of the belt elements 27.

8 is to clamp the clamping plate 30 relative to the Support plate 29 and the intermediate belt elements 27 a wing nut 33 intended. However, it would also be possible to use a different nut or screw namely. A nut could also be provided instead of the head 31, for example or be welded, for example, to the inside of the carrier.

In the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 9 and 10 it is indicated that for clamping at least one belt element 27, at least one wedge is also provided can be.

According to FIG. 9, the clamping wedge 34 penetrates the clamping bolt 28 and rests on the outside of the clamping plate 30.

Fig. 10 shows a one-piece clamp 26b with at least im, im Embodiment two receptacles 35 for pushing in the belt sections 27, in these assumptions 35 respectively each one at his free one End 36a of closed slot 36 for a clamping wedge opens. The bolt 28 is in turn either with a mother or, as shown, with another Clamping part set opposite the terminal 26b. This application form could can also be used with a clamp, with which support plate and clamping plate are separated .. Fereiner could, however, have his own for the terminal according to FIG Clamping bolts are avoided if the clamp 26b has a one-piece approach a head 31, since the actual clamping force is provided by wedges in the slots 26 can be generated.

It is provided in a particularly expedient manner that the belt element 27 at least at one of its free ends, in the exemplary embodiment at both ends, a fastening point, z - as shown - an eyelet 37 or the like.

for coupling with another belt element. The coupling point but could also use a hook to create a thread for screwing on counter-thread sleeves or in any other form.

This enables a good connection between neighboring formwork elements * 1a, which, especially in the case of round containers, ensures good transmission of the elements from the belt 27 absorbed forces and accordingly a good stabilization of such Circular formwork made possible.

Figure '7 FIG. 7 shows another one at the same time Variant.

It is namely possible that the formwork element for the outer curvature a curved wall between the individual supports 2 adjustable in length Belt sections 6 according to the preceding description that furthermore Formwork element la for the inside of the curved wall continuous and accordingly the respective curvature has belt elements 27 which can be clamped in at different points and that, finally, preferably at least part of the between the two formwork walls provided spacer 18 has spacer sleeves 38 for the two formwork walls. This makes it possible, for example, to adjust the outside curvature with the aid of the belt sections 6 fixed - to adjust and the corresponding curvature over the spacer sleeves 38 to transfer the inner formwork, so that the entire curvature is even more accurate and is better defined. It would even be possible that as in the functional position only tensioned belt elements ropes are provided. Be-i the formwork of Round containers with the help of formwork elements 1 or la could be both the 'C-urt,' e '. the outer formwork as well as the inner formwork can be achieved by ropes.

When using the above-described formwork for round containers results through the possibility of coupling between the individual belt elements and Belt sections the significant advantage that the number of clamping points at least can be decreased; This makes the subsequent work for closing, these tie points are significantly reduced or saved saved. The same applies to the shuttering of round columns with the help of such shuttering elements 1 or 1a.

It should also be mentioned that only one belt element is required for each use 7 one of a clamping bolt 28 od.

Like. Pierced terminal can be provided, which on one side the belt element 27 receives and on the opposite side a corresponding abutment owns. It can also be held by clamps 26, 26a or 26b for attack belt elements 27 passing through, especially in the case of a formwork for a round container or any support projecting from the formwork skin 5 can be provided. The lateral forces are then namely well above the advantageous described above Transfer tape.

Overall, the result is a large-area formwork, the elements of which are in are advantageously adjustable to any curvature, so a versatile Allow application.

However, the adaptation to different radii of curvature is included the above-described embodiments in each case in an advantageous manner very simple, so that they cannot cause any complications even on construction sites.

At the same time, there are large-area formwork elements, their manufacture value and not very expensive.

All in the description, the following claims and the drawing features and construction details shown can do both individually as well as in any combination with one another are of essential importance.

- Expectations -

Claims (5)

A n p r ü c h e 1. Large-area formwork for, in particular, different curved surfaces with a formlining, these supporting girders and with the girders connecting cross straps, d u r c h. -g ek e n n n e i c h ne t that the carrier (2) legs (3) which have a free edge (4) on the formwork skin (5) attack that the legs' (3) of the carrier (2) in the area of their attack on the Formwork skin (5) can be moved laterally without permanent deformation and that on the girders running transversely to these, connecting them, different in length or adjustable Belt sections (6) or the like can be attached. 2. Large-area formwork according to claim 1, characterized in that the belt sections or the like close to the outside facing away from the formwork skin (5) the carrier may act on projections (7) that are still protruding there. 3. Large-area formwork according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the strap sections (6) by means of the orientation direction of the strap sections extending screw spindles are adjustable in length. 4. Formwork according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that as Cross belt each having two mutually oppositely rising threads Bolts (8) directed against each other directed are provided which into a common, freely rotatable clamping sleeve (9) with corresponding mating threads engage, and that the bolts each in the carrier area around a carrier parallel Axis (10) are pivotably articulated. 5. Formwork according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that 4. that on the carrier (2) an abutment (12) with each preferably two support-parallel axis pieces (10) is provided, which one at the end of the Push through the eyelet (13) arranged in the respective cross-belt bolt. 6. Formwork according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the abutment with the articulated mounting for the cross straps on the carrier is releasable is attached. 7. Formwork according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that carrier (2) are provided with an approximately U-shaped cross-section, their U-legs (3) are connected by a transverse web (16), which is on the from the formwork facing remote side is located. 8. Formwork according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that that at least the U-2uersteg (16) of the carrier with one above the other preferably Keyhole-like perforations (19 for attaching the abutments for the cross chords and is additionally provided for attack by clamping elements (18) or the like. 9. 9. Formwork according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that the abutment (12) for the transverse chord the U-transverse web (16) and the one attached to it adjoining edge area of the legs (3) engages over positively. 10. Formwork according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, that console-like belt holder on the back of the carrier for the reception of a continuous, straight or with a prefabricated curvature provided belt can be hung. 11. Formwork according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that that the legs (3) of the carrier (2) each facing away from each other flanges (19) for fastening by means of screws that can be screwed in from the back of the formwork facing (5) exhibit. 12. Formwork according to one of claims 1 to 11 ,. characterized, that at least one edge of the large area formwork (1) with one in particular the edge / flush with the cross-section at right angles to the formlining (5) . Standing rib (20), preferably an angle profile, for the connection of further formwork panels (21) any construction is attached 13. Formwork according to claim 12, characterized characterized in that the edge ribs of the large-area formwork (1) are keyhole-like Breakthroughs for fastening with corresponding holes Perforations grid panels (21) provided in edge webs with the aid of bolts (22) dt 'cross pins exhibit. 14. Formwork according to claim 12 or 13, characterized by dalur-clz, that the angle profiles provided on the edge each with the one leg (24) by means of from the side facing away from the formwork facing, screws screwed in directly on the Formwork skin (5) are attached. 15. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the legs (3) of the U-shaped carrier (2) in cross section from the U-crossbar (16) from diverging at an angle. 15. Formwork according to claim 15, characterized in that the legs (3). the carrier (2) with preferably adjustable length spacers (25) against each other are adjustable and fixable. 17. Formwork according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that the cross section of a formwork element 1 transversely to the beams 2 is a lattice composite forms in which the formwork skin 5 and the belt sections 6 or the like. Upper and lower belt and the inclined legs 3 of the carrier 2 the Lattice struts correspond. (18.) Formwork according to one or more of claims - to 17, characterized marked; that for attachment to the carrier sides facing away from the formwork skin (v) (16) a clamp (26, 26a, 26b) or. Like. To set integrally connected, a continuous Belt element (27) forming belt sections is provided and that the belt element (27) vzw. is flexible. 19. Formwork according to claim 18, characterized in that the belt element (27) has a round cross-section on the surface. 20. Formwork according to claim 18, characterized in that the belt element (27) in the form of a flat iron and preferably with its narrower side surfaces is oriented at right angles to the formlining 21. Formwork according to one or more of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that on each Elemme (26, 26a, 26b) preferably on both sides of a clamping bolt (28) two strap elements (27) can be fixed are. 22 Formwork according to one or more of claims 18 to 21, characterized characterized in that the clamp (26, 26a) is a support plate (29), a clamping plate (30) and a clamping bolt (28) penetrating these two parts are provided wherein the clamping bolt (28) has a head (31) or the like for engaging behind the the Has the rear wall of the formwork support in the area of a perforation (17). 23. Formwork according to one or more of claims 18 to 22, characterized characterized in that the support plate (29) and the clamping plate (30) each other corresponding recesses (32) for the form-fitting insertion of the belt elements (27) own. 2 formwork according to one or more of claims 18 to 23, characterized characterized that for clamping --the clamping plate (30) opposite the support plate- -te (29) and the intermediate belt elements (27) a nut, in particular a wing nut (33) is provided. 5. Formwork according to one or more of claims 18 to 23, characterized characterized in that for clamping at least one belt element (27) at least a wedge (34) is provided. 26. Formwork according to claim 25, characterized in that the clamping wedge (34) penetrates the clamping bolt (28) and on the outside of the clamping plate (30) is present. 27 27. Formwork according to one or more of claims 18 to 21, - thereby characterized in that a one-piece clamp (26b) with at least one recess (35) provided for inserting at least one belt section (27). is and that in this recess (35) a slot (36) closed at its free end (36a) for a clamping wedge opens. 28. Formwork according to one or more of claims 1 to 27, characterized characterized in that the belt element (27) at least round on one of its free ones a fastening point, in particular an eyelet (37) or the like. For coupling with a has another belt element. 29. Formwork according to one or more of claims 1 to 28, characterized in, that the formwork element for the outer curvature of a curved wall between the individual Straps (2) adjustable in length strap sections (6) that the formwork element (1a) continuous for the inside of the curved wall and corresponding to the each curvature having clampable belt elements (27) at different points and that preferably at least part of the between the two formwork walls provided spacer (18) has spacer sleeves (38) for the two formwork walls. 30th 3. Formwork according to one or more of claims 18 ice 29, characterized characterized in that only one belt element (27) is used for one by a clamping bolt (28) od. The like. Penetrating clamp is provided, which on one side the belt element - (27.) receives - and on the opposite side a corresponding one Owns abutment. Formwork according to one or more of Claims 1 to 30, characterized characterized in that for the attack of held by clamps continuous strap elements, (27) In particular, any formwork for a round container from the formwork skin (5) protruding carriers are provided. 32. Formwork according to one or more of claims 18 to Al characterized in that ropes are provided as tension-loaded belt elements (.27) are. L e r s e i t e