DE2445045A1 - HARVESTER - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS

. H. LEINWEBER dipl-ing. H. ZIMMERMANN

DIPL.-ING. A. Gf. v. WENGERSKY 2445045

8 Munich 2, Rosental 7.2. Autg.

Part addr. Lelnpat Munich phone (089) 2603989

Postal check account: Munich 22045-804

den / 0, S * P. 1974 Our mark

Z / Sd / Efm 602/74

Maschinenfabrik Fahr Aktiengesellschaft Gottmadingen

7702 Gottmadingen

Harvester

The invention relates to a combine harvester with one of the return of not completely cut parts of the ear or returns serving not separated grains, which are the goods fed by a returns auger into a returns channel comprises a hurling blower, with a measuring device that determines the amount of material conveyed by the returns for displaying and / or controlling or regulating the machine setting.

In a known combine harvester of this type (DT-Gbm 1 990 602), the amount of the through the Returns screw conveyed goods are determined and this measured value together with that for the grain throughput determined at the same time, after both values have been related to each other in a suitable manner, used for machine setting will. In practice it has now been shown that a

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exact throughput measurement on the return screw is not possible because the cross-section of the material at the measuring point is subject to fluctuations that are not detected by the sensing device. In addition, measuring devices arranged in the area of the return screw lead to clogging of the screw. A proper control of the returns volume has therefore been dispensed with up to now. A reduction in machine performance or occasional blockages resulting from the occurrence of a particularly large amount of returns were accepted. In addition, disturbances in the conveying organs and the associated greater damage to the grains have been accepted so far.

The invention is based on the object of developing the combine harvester of the type mentioned above so that under Elimination of the mentioned aftermath of conventional designs in a simple way a perfect monitoring of the returns quantity and the compliance with predetermined values for the maximum or minimal limit quantities is possible.

According to the invention, this object is essentially achieved in that the lower layer height in the tailings channel and a measuring device monitoring the upper layer height of the returned material is provided. That way lets Make sure that an upper limit has not been exceeded and thus the risk of overloading the cleaning department is decreased. It is also ensured that no too strong straw cushion can arise in which the rubbing out of the There is no grain on the way over the blower into the tailings channel. On the other hand, there is monitoring and compliance the lower limit ensures that the heavier, not threshed ear parts get into the tailings. It is namely expedient to allow a certain, but not too large, short straw or crop quantity to pass through the returns. Will for monitoring the lower and the upper layer height and thus

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Returns quantity optical and / or acoustic displays selected, then the combine operator is given the opportunity to determine the causes - e.g. use of the wrong sieve, too weak threshing or the like - and to take care of the elimination of the causes. When exceeding or falling below the limits measures can also be initiated directly, and it is advisable to stop the wind when the upper limit is exceeded to reinforce soyÖass more short straw is blown out, and at If the wind falls below the lower limit, take the wind back one level accordingly.

An embodiment in which the lower layer height and the Upper layer height monitoring measuring devices in the returns channel independently longitudinally displaceable and lockable are arranged. The measuring devices are advantageously located on the convexly curved upper wall of the tailings channel arranged.

Light barriers, ultrasonic barriers or the like can be used as measuring devices in the returns channel. as However, it has been found to be particularly useful if the measuring devices are formed by capacitive switches. The capacitive measurement delivers higher values for moist goods than for dry goods. As a result, it is already at the upper signal limit is reached with a correspondingly smaller layer height. This is advantageous in that it is damp Well there is an increased risk of clogging and the throughput must be reduced.

As already explained above, the returns also remove the loose grains that have not been separated out in addition to the not completely threshed out ear parts and

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contribute to the formation of the τοη provided in the tailings channel Measuring devices determined layer height. If one or both sieves overflow due to excessive material supply, Significant amounts of loose grain end up in the returns. It is therefore advantageous to check the proportion of grain in the tailings flow to determine in order to be able to take appropriate measures. An embodiment has therefore proven to be very advantageous proven to determine the proportion of loose grains per unit of time in the material returned through the returns channel the upper sieve upstream of the returns and the lower sieve each have a measuring element for registering exclusively the through impacting grains generated signals is assigned.

Advantageously, the measuring element is formed by a microphone set in such a way that only the through impinging Grain generated signals are registered.

A very useful use of the grain measuring device results when the measuring element is exceeded display device responding to a predetermined amount of grain per unit of time, possibly connected to an alarm device assigned.

In certain cases it is also of interest to obtain a measured value proportional to the grain throughput. That's why is advantageously under the lower sieve to achieve a relative measurement result related to the grain throughput An additional measuring device is provided above the grain tank collecting trough.

An embodiment has proven to be very useful in which, for the comparison of the measurement results, the the upper sieve or the measuring elements assigned to the lower sieve with the measurement results of the additional measuring elements located under the lower sieve, which record the entire grain throughput a bridge comparison circuit is provided, on whose

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A display device, which may be connected to an alarm or control circuit, is connected to the diagonal branch. If such an arrangement is used, the functioning of the machine can also be influenced, if necessary will. If too many loose grains come from the lamellar sieve forming the upper sieve, it must be opened further. Come from Lower sieve or too many grains from both sieves if the degree of purity is sufficient, the throughput must exceed the driving speed of the combine harvester. These described possibilities of the training according to the invention show that under In certain circumstances, the recording of the sieve losses can be dispensed with.

Further details, advantages and features of the invention emerge from the following description. On the drawing the invention is illustrated by way of example and specifically show

1 is an achematic view of the returns area of a Combine harvester,

2 shows a simplified schematic circuit arrangement to illustrate the mode of operation of the assigned measuring devices located in the returns channel Monitoring or display elements, and

3 shows a schematic circuit arrangement for illustration the mode of operation of the measuring devices assigned to the sieves in front of the returns.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the grains leaving a straw shaker 1 of a combine harvester can be fed through a lamellar sieve formed upper sieve 2 and a lower sieve 3 arranged underneath pass. They are collected in a collecting trough 4 and from there transferred to the grain tank of the combine, which is not illustrated in any more detail. Those grains that first shortly before the outer end of the upper sieve 2 and the lower sieve 3

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pass through these sieves, are passed from an inclined intermediate floor 5 to the collecting trough 4.

The not completely threshed their parts as well as the not separated grains can by one at the end of the Upper sieve 2 located rake 6 pass and fall on an inclined floor 7, from which they the trough-like housing 8 are fed to a return auger 9. The returns auger 9 promotes this material in the area of a blower 10 provided at its end, from which it easily enters Curved upwardly directed waste canal 11 is thrown around this not completely threshed ear parts and to recycle the not separated grains carried along by them, e.g. spring grains, to the process.

To determine the amount of goods conveyed durcij & ie tailings, measuring devices in the form of capacitive switches 12 and 13 are provided on the convexly curved upper wall of the tailings channel 11, independently of one another, longitudinally displaceable and lockable Fig.2 are connected. The adjustable distance of the capacitive switches 12, 13 from the wall of the tailings channel 11 determines the maximum layer height S__ _QV or the minimum layer height S _m _. , In case of excess

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The respective switch 12 or 13 responds or falls below this limit control point.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, exceeding a predetermined amount of material in the tailings channel 11 results to close the switch 12 and consequently to respond to a relay 16, which is located in a circuit of a horn 17 Switching contact 18 is closed and triggers the generation of an acoustic warning signal.

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In an analogous manner, falling below a predetermined amount of material brings about the closing of the switch 13 and thus the addressing of a Beiais 19 with itself, its in a circuit a warning light 20 lying switching contact 21 is closed and triggers the generation of an optical warning signal.

From Fig. 1 it can be seen that the upper sieve 2 below the rake 6, a measuring element 22 in the form of such a set Microphone! Is assigned that it only registers signals generated by hitting grains. The lower sieve 3 is a corresponding measuring element 23 is assigned below the measuring element 22 in an analogous manner. Furthermore, such measuring elements 24 under the lower sieve 3 and above the collecting trough 4 for registration the grain throughput arriving in the grain tank is arranged;

3 illustrates the manner in which the measuring elements 22, 23, 24 are combined in a comparison circuit are. As can be seen, it is a bridge circuit, in one Zweg the measuring elements 24 and in which other branch either the measuring elements 22 or the measuring elements 23 are located. With the help of a switch 25, the Switch measuring elements 22, 23 either on or off. Calibration resistors 26 and located in the other two bridge branches 27 allow a bridge adjustment in the usual way. In the illustrated circuit arrangement lies in the diagonal branch a display device 28. This display device can optionally be further designed so that when exceeded predetermined values one assigned to it, not shown in detail Alarm device is triggered.

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Claims (9)

Patent claims: \ O combine harvester with one of the returns serving for the return of not completely threshed-out parts or grains that have not been separated, which comprises a blower that hurls the crop fed by a returns auger into a returns channel, with a measuring device that determines the amount of goods conveyed by the returns for display and / or control of the machine settings, characterized in that the tailings duct (11) has a lower stack height (SJ _n) and an upper layer level (S _m _ _v) of the recirculated good control measuring means (12, 13) is provided. 2. Combine harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that the _{measuring devices (12, 13) monitoring the lower layer height (S ^ n} ) and the upper layer height (S _m ) in the returns channel (11) are arranged to be longitudinally displaceable and lockable independently of one another. 3. Combine harvester according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the measuring devices (12, 13) on the convex curved upper wall of the tailings channel (11) are arranged. 4. Combine harvester according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the measuring devices by capacitive switches (12, 13) are formed. 5. Combine harvester according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that to determine the proportion of loose grains per Unit of time in the goods returned through the returns channel (11) to the upper sieve (2) upstream of the returns and the Lower sieve (3) each have a measuring element (22, 23) for registering exclusively the signals generated by impacting grains assigned. 60981 4/0195 44 5 0 4 6. Combine harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that that the measuring element (22, 23) by a microphone set in this way is formed that only those generated by impinging grains Signals are registered. 7. Combine harvester according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that that the measuring element (22 or 23) responds when a predetermined amount of grain per unit of time is exceeded, if necessary associated with an alarm device connected display device (28). 8. Combine harvester according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized characterized in that to achieve a relative measurement result based on the grain throughput below the lower sieve (3) above the grain tank collecting trough (4) an additional measuring device (24) is provided. 9. combine harvester according to claims 5 and 8, characterized in that that for the comparison of the measurement results of the upper sieve (2) and the lower sieve (3) assigned measuring elements (22, 23) with the measurement results of the additional ones located under the lower sieve (3), which record the total grain throughput A bridge comparison circuit is provided for measuring elements (24), on the diagonal branch of which an alarm or a .Control circuit connected display device (28) is. 6098U / 0195