DE2440195A1 - DEVICE FOR COMPRESSING A NON-WOVEN ARTICLE FOR THE PURPOSE OF IMPROVING YOUR HANDLE AND CASE - Google Patents

Description

Dr. lng. Wooden houses JJipl. - Met. Coldbacfi

Dipl .- 'no. Sch; '' - frrecker

Patent attorneys

605 OFFENBACHAMMAIM Herrnstrasse 37 Telephone 88 83 84

Sc; f rrecker ¹⁴ August 1974

Patent attorneys
OPEN

Clupak, Inc.

53o, Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 1oo36, USA

"Device for compacting a non-woven fabric in order to improve it Handle and fall "

The invention relates to a device for compressing a non-woven goods to improve their grip and their

Case.

A rod presses a relatively thick endless elastomeric band against a steam heated drum so that between them a clamping gap is created.

The non-woven fabric runs through the nip

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ι between the belt and the drum and then on the drum. The non-woven fabric adheres by friction j

! on a stretched surface of the tape when this is through '

^{1 runs} the nip and is then through the belt

ι compressed when the belt runs unstretched onto the drum. '

Fibers of the goods are pushed together, rearranged and locally crumpled (all this between the surfaces of the goods) and a greater number of the fibers of the fabric are oriented transversely.

To achieve compression at sufficiently high temperatures (i6o ° F 28o ° F = 7o - 14o ° C) without the goods on sticks to the drum, and further to avoid the need to put a solvent on the drum surface, the drum is covered with a tetrafluoroethylene resin (in the trade as protected under that of Du Pont de Nemours & Co. Name TEFLON available).

The basis of the invention is a non-woven fabric, which consists of fibers, which are randomly by small additional Particles of a polymeric material are bonded together or at the points of contact between thermoplastic fibers

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2U0195

j -_

! are fused by heat.

ί!

This non-woven fabric has improved kinesiology; Properties compared to known non-woven goods made of '

! the same materials. j

I!

I The use of non-woven goods is restricted by their <

ί
Rigidity when simply bending and due to its etfor | mation resistance in the case of complex stresses, eg in the case of body movements. As a result, the handle is an uncomfortable

! wove goods hard and such goods generally have a bad

i - '■

th case, the poor grip and dropping properties

i (with no significant loss of strength) were the largest j

Obstacles to the increased use of unauthorized; wicker goods. \

Nonwoven fabrics are normally made by laying loose fibers on a moving carrier
, then the fibers are guided in a direction in which they came through their first contact of the fiber ends with the movable carrier and this initial contact leads to the predominant part | ! of the fibers lies in the direction of movement of the wearer, which; corresponds to the longitudinal direction of the goods.

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If such a product is supported exclusively in a central area, it has the tendency to move lengthways to bend on an axis which runs essentially parallel to the longitudinal direction of the goods, i.e. in a direction

'in which most of the fibers are oriented.

Extensive development work has already been carried out; leads have been made to non-woven fabric in order to achieve a

to improve soft grip and your better kinesiological

To give properties. Regarding the kinesiological properties the endeavor was aimed in particular at approximating the transverse strength of the longitudinal strength more without thereby impairing the longitudinal strength.

, Non-woven goods whose grip and drape properties are

j corresponds to woven goods, can be manufactured relatively cheaply in terms of trade j, can be sterilized and : holds itself very similarly pliable, so that not knitted

Goods for the production of stretchable garments, patterned skins, as well as fabrics for sanitary purposes, e.g. diapers, can be used.

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Heretofore, these results have been achieved by applying compression forces between the surfaces of nonwoven fabrics has exposed the goods, and these forces, ^ - the fibers curled,

ι bend and rearrange, namely in their longitudinal direction between

j the connection points between the fibers.

'Furthermore, these forces shrink and bend the fibers locally

i - ■ - ■. '■

'crosswise. During such compression, ¹ the goods are also under pressure on their opposite surfaces; held to prevent creping.

; The known devices for generating the interconnection

Ul

Exercise workers have an essential part in their care

¹ axis rotating heated cylinder.

; A relatively thick endless belt of elastomeric material runs between a circumferential sector of the drum and one. Push rod on the drum. The push rod presses the band ¹ approximately radially against the drum until there is a suitable clamping gap between the band and the drum.

In the vicinity of the surface with which the tape contacts the rod, the tape has a fabric reinforcement which provides a stretch of the tape along the reinforced surface prevents, however, a j

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local stretching of the other belt surface facing the drum is permitted.

The non-woven fabric is passed through the nip between the belt and the drum and then on the drum led part of its scope; then the nonwoven fabric is separated from the drum and belt.

ι When passing through the nip between the belt and : the drum adheres the non-woven fabric by friction on the stretched surface of the belt as it passes through

through the clamping gap.

Because the elastic surface of the belt moves around the drum pushes together, the goods are put together in the longitudinal direction pushed.

; The pressure on the goods (essentially perpendicular to their surfaces) prevents the goods from becoming thicker in the longitudinal direction when they are pushed together. ι
! Their fibers are pushed together crosswise, rearranged

net and locally shrunk, all of this in the space between the outer surfaces of the goods. This condensing has

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furthermore the consequence that a larger number of fibers is oriented transversely and thereby the tensile strength of the goods in their transverse direction is increased.

In carrying out such densification on a commercial scale, it has been found that certain nonwoven fabrics become too much Improvement of their grip and fall properties relatively high working temperatures on the drum in the order of magnitude requires between 160 - 28o ° F = 7o - I4o ° C.

If the drum temperatures are not high enough, certain nonwoven fabrics will not densify satisfactorily.

As a result of these high temperatures, however, the goods can stick to the drum, as a result of which the goods are damaged and / or receives little or no compression. This sticking is particularly disadvantageous with non-woven ones Goods which thermosensitive thermoplastic binders contains, as they are generally used in patterned skins, as well as substances for sanitary purposes, e.g. diapers, or the like.

Steam jets have been used to provide lubrication to effect the drum surface.

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However, such steam jets have not been satisfactory. The i
; Desired high working temperatures were also achieved by

Use of solvents such as silicone oils or the like
achieved. However, these solvents are expensive and they affect the sealing properties of polymeric materials and are completely unsuitable for processing non-woven goods.

The invention aims to overcome these difficulties when working at temperatures that are high enough for compaction of non-woven goods without the use of solvents.

The purpose of the invention is achieved in that the heated Drum covered with polytetrafluoroethylene resin is provided. This resin is commercially available under the name "Teflon", which is protected by Du Pont de Nemours & Co. available.

Another object of the invention is to achieve improved densification of nonwoven fabrics, thereby improving their feel will.

Another purpose of the invention is to increase the

isotropic properties of non-woven fabric, making her

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! Fall and its strength in the transverse direction is improved.

j Another purpose of the invention is to enable ^!

Let the compression apparatus work at higher temperatures

than they were previously possible.
i Another purpose of the invention is to prevent the on i

Gluing non-woven goods to the drums of the compacting devices, j Another purpose of the invention is to avoid the emergency j maneuverability, solvent when pushing together non-woven;

To use goods. ;

Another purpose of this invention is to improve the] Wärmeklebfähigkeit of non-woven fabric.
Another purpose of the invention is to improve the
Efficiency when compressing non-woven goods.
There is no further purpose of the invention in manufacture
woven goods with higher absorbency, which are suitable for the
further treatment or processing is necessary.
Further purposes and advantages of the invention emerge from
the following description of a preferred embodiment; a device for compacting non-woven goods in connection with the drawings and the claims.

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In the drawings show:

Fig. 1: a representation of the fiber distribution in a section of a typical non woven goods. the treatment according to the invention;

FIG. 2: an illustration according to FIG. 1 after the treatment according to the invention;

Fig. 3: on a much larger scale than in the

Figs. 1 and 2 show the changes in the relationships of the fibers to one another non-woven fabric before and after treatment according to the invention;

4j shows a schematic representation partly in section of a compression device for Implementation of the Invention.

According to the invention, a non-woven fabric made of lying fibers, randomly by fusion or by separately supplied particles of polymeric Material in interspaces are connected to one another, subject to compression forces which act on their two surfaces

j come into effect parallel to the longitudinal direction of the goods.

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This causes the fibers to be crimped in the direction of compaction, bent and rearranged between the points of connection between the fibers. Also the location the connection point between the fibers is changed; during the action of the compression forces, the opposite surfaces of the goods exerted a pressure perpendicular to these surfaces in order to prevent the goods is creped.

Fig. 1 shows a small section of a non-woven

Goods before compaction according to the invention.

It can be seen that the fibers of this fabric run predominantly in one direction, which is the direction of movement corresponds to the carrier on which the fibers are deposited

became.

Fig. 2 shows a small section of such a product after their passage through a device according to FIG. 4. During this passage the fibers are compressed and pushed together in the longitudinal direction of the goods and also bent and locally rearranged.

It should be noted that when treating in one device

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4, the number of fibers lying crosswise within this area is increased, so that the fibers After the treatment, tensile stresses in the transverse direction offer as much resistance as in the longitudinal direction

ι and that after the treatment more fibers transversely to the longitudinal direction

! the goods are as before the treatment.

It should be mentioned that the fibers, in particular the fibers extending in the longitudinal direction of the goods, between their connection points with each other are bent or crimped in their own right, namely in their transverse direction. These The effect can be seen more clearly from the schematic illustration in FIG. 3. Make the solid lines A few fibers A, B and C are connected to each other by separate resin particles at their intersections D, E and F. are.

The dashed lines a, b and c show the position and shape of the fibers A, B and C after the goods according to the invention has been compacted and its fibers have been rearranged.

Assuming that the connection point D remains relatively stationary, it can be seen that the connection point E is in position e and the connection point F in position f

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moved.

This movement shortens the distance between the connection point D and the new position e or f of the connection points E. and F.

As a result, fibers A and B are curled randomly, as shown by the dashed lines a and b.

Furthermore, the connection points E and F are in the
Positions e and f approximated so that the fiber C is more curled, as the dashed line c shows.

After a pretreatment, the non-woven fabric 11 is fed to the device according to FIG. 4. This device is described in commonly assigned US Pat. No. 2,624,245. The compacting device has a steam-heated drum of considerable diameter. The drum 12 is of robust construction and is mounted on a shaft 13 which is rotated in the direction of arrow 14 by drive means (not shown). A thick band 16 of resilient elastomeric material,
For example rubber, runs over three rollers 17, 18 and 19 which tension the belt 16. The belt 16 wraps around a segment 21 of the drum 12. The belt 16 has a Shore durometer hardness between 40 and 8o and a non-stretchable covering made of fabric 22.

14.-

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- 14 The belt 16 is driven by the drum 12.

The rotatable parts described so far are not in

; shown fixed side frame, which outside

the side edges of the nonwoven fabric 11 and the tape 16 lie.

A rod 23 extends across the machine and over the entire length of the drum 12, which at both ends is supported. The rod 23 consists of a thick-walled hollow metal cylinder 24 and a rigid tree 26. The ι The cylinder 24 and the boom 26 are preferably made of steel; or a steel alloy and have a considerable rigidity j

j and firmness on. i

The cylinder 24 has a small diameter. The entire height of the rod 23 »that of the cylinder 24 and the boom 26 is significantly larger than the diameter of the cylinder 24. The cylinder 24 comes with the back of the belt engages and presses the belt 16 radially against the drum 12 i to form a uniform nip for the not woven goods 11.

Devices, not shown, are provided to provide an evenly distributed over the entire width of the rod 23

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Apply pressure and thereby also across the belt 16 between
whose edges generate an evenly distributed pressure.

The drum 12 is preferably at an operating temperature
from 7o to 14o degrees C. This is a reasonable
Compaction of the non-woven fabric 11 is achieved. Through the
Covering 31 made of polytetrafluoroethylene resin is unnecessary
Use of solvents, e.g. silicone oils on the

Drum 12.

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It is important that the / g is evenly distributed ^! Pressure on the. !

Rods 23 acts. However, it is also important to be able to change this evenly distributed pressure within wide limits .;

j is therefore a suitably controllable hydraulic or

'■ ι

Pneumatic power source (not shown) provided ^:

j which generate the desired pressure within wide limits «

and can maintain. '·

Since devices of this type are generally known, unnecessary
a representation and description. For the goods 11 are
an inlet roller 28 and an outlet roller 29 are also provided.

The adherence of fibers of the nonwoven fabric 11 to the

! Drum 12 is covered by a layer 31 of polytetrafluoroethy: len resin avoided (TEFLON is the one for Du Pont, de I. Nemours & Co. registered trademarks) (for this resin). ι

During operational tests on a 13-inch compactor, as described here, the drum 12 had one Polytetrafluoroethylene resin covering. The treated non-woven fabric contains a thermoplastic binder.

JThe composition of the goods and the compaction conditions are given in the following table. The covered with Teflon-I layer 31 drum 12 had an operating temperature of 12o C. ⁰ difficulties in the treatment of non-woven fabric 11 did not occur. After removing the Teflon layer 31, it was necessary to reduce the operating temperature of the drum 12 to 65 ^° C. before it was possible to compact the non-woven fabric 11.

This lowering of the operating temperature was necessary because the binder in the nonwoven fabric 11 was on the drum adhered.

Even at this reduced operating temperature, the non-woven fabric 11 could not be compressed if it was re-moistened to a water content of 10% by means of a steam shower. In order to treat a dampened sheet, it was necessary to reduce the operating temperature of the drum 12 to 50 °. All values for tensile strength, elongation, the

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Stiffness and tensile energy absorption were improved when the compression device with the high operating temperature of 12o ° C works, which is through the Teflon layer 31 on the Drum 12 was made possible.

Tabel

see Appendix 17 a

The compression device described above can in many details, which are not for the skilled person for treatment woven goods are of course to be changed without deviating from the basic idea of the invention.

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-17 a table:

Drum driven compaction sheet tension elongation tear strength temperature area moistigkjf / in (#) keit (gm) (Ft #

Ft 2)

Tensile energy absorption

Stiffness (drape
Customs)

O CO CO

25o ° F (120 ° C)

Teflon

chrome

6th 9 .2 25th 8th 827 1o 9 .5 32. VJl 81o 6 * 1o * * * 6th 8th .8th 19th 2 819 1o * *

12.1
13.7

15o ° F (65 ° C)

chrome

No compression

9.5

9.4 9.1

587

7.1

° F chrome 6th 8.4 14.7 821 8th .6 2.8 I. 12o ⁰ C) 1o 8.5 18.1 84o 9 .1 2.8 i (5o i

Compressor: 12% clamping, 60 pounds per linear inch tape tension, 50 Shore A durometer tape hardness .; Sheet: (Goods): £ 34 / 3ooo ft ² , 5o % Hardwood Sulphite, 2o % Nylon 66, 3o % Polyvinyl Alcohol. ;

* Sheet sticks to the compactor drum - no compaction. ro \

Claims (6)

Expectations: Device for treating a web of non-woven j fabric to improve its grip and fall, thereby g j indicates that the device consists of a combination of the following parts: a cylindrical drum rotatable about its axis, a rod, a relatively thick endless belt made of a elastomeric material penetrating between a circumferential sector of the drum and the rod, the rod the belt presses approximately radially against the drum, so that a nip is formed between the belt and the drum is that the band on its surface engaging with the rod has a reinforcement which is their Longitudinal stretching of the belt in the direction of the reinforced surface prevents, but enables the surface around the drum to tension devices to make a web of goods through passing the nip between the belt and the drum, causing the web with friction on the stretched Surface of the tape running through the nip adheres and there is the elastic surface of the tape when it runs onto the drum is not stretched, the goods are compacted, the circumference of the drum with a repellent to prevent sticking Material is covered. 50981 1/0995 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the sticking-repellent material made of polytetrafluoroethylene resin consists. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the anti-sticking material made of polytetrafluoroethylene resin to a thickness of 5-25 thousandths of an inch (o, 127 - o, 635 mm). 4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the sticking-repellent material made of polytetrafluoroethylene resin 5 to 10 thousandths of an inch thick. 5. Apparatus according to claim 2-4, characterized in that the drum with polytetrafluoroethylene - resin
is plated. 6. Apparatus according to claim 2-5, characterized in that the operating temperature of the drum between I60 28o ° F (71 - 14o ° C). 50981 1/0995