DE2434238A1 - System to store and retrieve stored energy - has gas type auxiliary energy storage medium which is liquefied when energy requirements are low - Google Patents

System to store and retrieve stored energy - has gas type auxiliary energy storage medium which is liquefied when energy requirements are low

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Publication number
DE2434238A1
DE2434238A1 DE2434238A DE2434238A DE2434238A1 DE 2434238 A1 DE2434238 A1 DE 2434238A1 DE 2434238 A DE2434238 A DE 2434238A DE 2434238 A DE2434238 A DE 2434238A DE 2434238 A1 DE2434238 A1 DE 2434238A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
energy
nitrogen
fraction
liquefied
auxiliary
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE2434238A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Anton Dipl Ing Pocrnja
Guenter Dipl Ing Rueckborn
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to DE2434238A priority Critical patent/DE2434238A1/en
Publication of DE2434238A1 publication Critical patent/DE2434238A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04254—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using the cold stored in external cryogenic fluids
    • F25J3/0426—The cryogenic component does not participate in the fractionation
    • F25J3/04266—The cryogenic component does not participate in the fractionation and being liquefied hydrocarbons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/14—Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F17C9/04—Recovery of thermal energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/04018—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of main feed air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04012—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling
    • F25J3/0403—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of warm gaseous streams; details of intake or interstage cooling of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
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    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04048—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams
    • F25J3/0406—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit by compression of cold gaseous streams, e.g. intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste) streams of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/04084—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
    • F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04109—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers
    • F25J3/04115—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
    • F25J3/04109—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers
    • F25J3/04115—Arrangements of compressors and /or their drivers characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F25J3/04127—Gas turbine as the prime mechanical driver
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04187—Cooling of the purified feed air by recuperative heat-exchange; Heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04218—Parallel arrangement of the main heat exchange line in cores having different functions, e.g. in low pressure and high pressure cores
    • F25J3/04224—Cores associated with a liquefaction or refrigeration cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04284—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04309—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using internal refrigeration by open-loop gas work expansion, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
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    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04248—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion
    • F25J3/04333—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams
    • F25J3/04351—Generation of cold for compensating heat leaks or liquid production, e.g. by Joule-Thompson expansion using quasi-closed loop internal vapor compression refrigeration cycles, e.g. of intermediate or oxygen enriched (waste-)streams of nitrogen
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    • F25J3/04472—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using the cold from cryogenic liquids produced within the air fractionation unit and stored in internal or intermediate storages
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F25J3/04575—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for a gas expansion plant, e.g. dilution of the combustion gas in a gas turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F25J3/04575—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for a gas expansion plant, e.g. dilution of the combustion gas in a gas turbine
    • F25J3/04581—Hot gas expansion of indirect heated nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04593—The air gas consuming unit is also fed by an air stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04593—The air gas consuming unit is also fed by an air stream
    • F25J3/046—Completely integrated air feed compression, i.e. common MAC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04593—The air gas consuming unit is also fed by an air stream
    • F25J3/04606—Partially integrated air feed compression, i.e. independent MAC for the air fractionation unit plus additional air feed from the air gas consuming unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04612—Heat exchange integration with process streams, e.g. from the air gas consuming unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0119—Shape cylindrical with flat end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0157—Compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
    • F25J2200/50—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column
    • F25J2200/52—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification using multiple (re-)boiler-condensers at different heights of the column in the high pressure column of a double pressure main column system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
    • F25J2205/24—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using regenerators, cold accumulators or reversible heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2235/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams
    • F25J2235/42—Processes or apparatus involving steps for increasing the pressure or for conveying of liquid process streams the fluid being nitrogen

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

A method to supply energy consumers with energy produced by generator which in times of low energy consumption stores part of the energy produced by means of a gas type auxiliary energy carrying agent is constructed such that in time of low energy requirement the auxiliary energy carrying medium is liquefied and stored under almost no pressure condition. During times of large energy requirement the auxiliary energy transport medium is vapourised, heated up and efficiently expanded. A gas turbine, compressor, cooler and reactor may be incorporated in the closed cycle.

Description

Verfahren zur Speicherung und Rückgewinnung von Energie Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Versorgung von Energieverbraucher mit der von einem Energieerzeuger produzierten Energie, wobei in Zeiten geringeren Energiebedarfs ein Teil der produzierten Energie unter Verwendung eines gasförmigen Hilfsenergieträgers gespeichert und in Zeiten größeren Energiebedarfs die im Hilfsenergieträger gespeicherte Energie den Verbrauchern zur VerfUgung gestellt wird. Method for storing and recovering energy The invention relates to a method for supplying energy consumers with that of an energy producer produced energy, whereby in times of lower energy demand a part of the produced Energy stored using a gaseous auxiliary energy carrier and in In times of greater energy demand, the energy stored in the auxiliary energy carrier denotes Is made available to consumers.

Der Bedarf an von einem Kraftwerk erzeugter elektrischer Energie ist in der Regel zeitlich nicht konstant, sondern starken Schwankungen unterlegen. Am Tage ist der Energiebedarf größer als bei Nacht. Ebenso ist der Energiebedarf im Winter wesentlich größer als im Sommer. Da es jedoch unmöglich ist, elektrische Energie in größeren Mengen zu speichern, muß ein Kraftwerk auf den Spitzenbedarf an Energie ausgelegt werden, obwohl dieser Spitzenbedarf nur an bestimmten Tages bzw. in bestimmten Jahreszeiten anfällt. Der Investitionsaufwand zum Bau eines solchen Kraftwerkes ist somit hoch. The need for electrical energy generated by a power plant is usually not constant over time, but is subject to strong fluctuations. During the day there is the energy requirement bigger than at night. Likewise is the energy requirement in winter is much greater than in summer. However, since it is impossible is to store electrical energy in large quantities, a power plant must the peak demand for energy, although this peak demand is only certain days or during certain times of the year. The capital expenditure to build such a power plant is therefore high.

Zur tiberwindung dieser Nachteile ist es bereits bekannt geworden, in Zeiten geringeren Energiebedarfs ein Teil der vom Kraftwerk erzeugten Uberschußenergie mittels eines Hilfsenergieträgers zu speichern und diese Uberschußenergie in Zeiten größeren Energiebedarfs den Verbrauchern zur Verfügung zu stellen. Als Hilfsenergieträger dient Luft, welche unter Verwendung von tJberschußenergie verdichtet und unter relativ hohem Druck gespeichert wird. Sobald der Energiebedarf wieder steigt, wird die Luft arbeitsleistend entspannt. Die hierbei gewonnene mechanische Energie wird in elektrische umgewandelt und den Verbrauchern zur VerfUgung gestellt. Die Speicherung der Luft erfolgt in unterirdischen Hohlräumen. Insbesondere wenn solche natürlichen Speicherråume nicht vorhanden sind, ist dieses Verfahren aufgrund der zwangsläufig erforderlichen großen Speichervolumina jedoch mit erheblichem Aufwand und somit mit großen Nachteilen verbunden. To overcome these disadvantages, it has already become known in times of lower energy demand, part of the excess energy generated by the power plant to store by means of an auxiliary energy source and this excess energy in times to make greater energy demand available to consumers. As an auxiliary energy carrier serves air, which is compressed using excess energy and under relatively high pressure is stored. As soon as the energy demand increases again, the air becomes relaxed while doing work. The mechanical energy obtained in this way is converted into electrical energy converted and made available to consumers. The storage of the air takes place in underground cavities. Especially when such natural storage spaces do not exist, this procedure is necessary because of the inevitably large storage volumes, however, with considerable effort and thus with great disadvantages tied together.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zu entwickeln, das es auf einfache und doch wirtschaftliche Weise ermöglicht, die von einem Energieerzeuger in Zeiten geringeren Energiebedarfs erzeugt Uberschußenergie zu speichern und diese in Zeiten größeren Energiebedarfs den Verbrauchern zur VerfUgung zu stellen. The invention is based on the object of developing a method which makes it possible in a simple and yet economical way, that of an energy producer In times of lower energy demand, excess energy is generated and this is saved to make it available to consumers in times of greater energy demand.

Diese Aufgabe wird dadurch gelöst, daß in Zeiten geringeren Energiebedarfs der Hilfsenergieträger verflüssigt und nahezu drucklos gespeichert wird, während in Zeiten größeren Energiebedarfs der Hilfskälteträger verdichtet,angewärmt und arbeitsleistend entspannt wird. This object is achieved in that in times of lower energy requirements the auxiliary energy carrier is liquefied and stored almost without pressure, while in times of greater energy demand the auxiliary coolant is compressed, warmed and is relaxed while doing work.

Dadurch, daß gemäß der Erfindung in Zeiten geringeren Energiebedarfs ein Hilfsenergieträger unter Verwendung der im Kraftwerk anfallenden Uberschußenergie verflUssigt wird, gelingt es,den Bedarf an Speichervolumen fUr den Hilfsenergieträger erheblich zu erniedrigen, da das spezifische Volumen des Hilfsenergieträgers, z.B. Luft oder auch Stickstoff, in der flUssigen Phase nur ein Bruchteil des spezifischen Volumens der Gasphase beträgt. Bei zusätzlichem Bedarf an Energie wird der flUssige Hilfsenergieträger mittels Pumpen verdichtet, im Wärmeaustausch mit einem Heizmedium,z.B. Wasser oder Umgebungsluft,angewärmt und daraufhin arbeitsleistend entspannt. Da die erforderliche Pumparbeit wesentlich kleiner ist als die bei der arbeitsleistenden Entspannung freigesetzte Energie, kann auf diese Weise ein erheblicher Teil der durch die arbeitsleistende Entspannung gewonnenen Energie in elektrische Energie umgewandelt und an die Verbraucher abgegeben werden. The fact that according to the invention in times of lower energy requirements an auxiliary energy source using the excess energy generated in the power plant is liquefied, it is possible to meet the storage volume requirement for the auxiliary energy carrier to be reduced considerably, since the specific volume of the auxiliary energy carrier, e.g. Air or nitrogen, in the liquid phase only a fraction of the specific Volume of the gas phase is. When additional energy is required, the liquid Auxiliary energy carrier compressed by means of pumps, in heat exchange with a heating medium, e.g. Water or ambient air, warmed up and then relaxed while doing work. There the required pumping work is much smaller than that of the work-performing one Relaxation The energy released can, in this way, be a significant part of the work performed Relaxation energy gained is converted into electrical energy and sent to the consumer be delivered.

Als besonders wirtschaftlich hat es sich erwiesen, wenn nach einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung zur VerflUssigung des Hilfsenergieträgers neben der vom Kraftwerk produzierten Uberschußenergie die in verflUssigtem Erdgas enthaltene Kälte herangezogen wird, indem das verfltissigte Erdgas im Wärmeaustausch mit dem Hilfsenergieträger verdampft und angewärmt wird.-Falls das angewärmte Erdgas in ein unter Druck stehendes Leitungsnetz eingespeist wird, ist es zweckmäßig, es bereits vor seiner Verdamfpung auf den Leitungsdruck zu verdichten. It has proven to be particularly economical when looking for a Another feature of the invention for liquefying the auxiliary energy source in addition to the Excess energy produced by the power plant that contained in liquefied natural gas Cold is drawn on by the liquefied natural gas exchanging heat with the Auxiliary energy carrier is evaporated and heated. -If the heated natural gas is in a pressurized pipeline network is fed in, it is advisable to do so already to be compressed to the line pressure before evaporation.

Normalerweise wird Erdgas im Elzeugerland verfldssigt und in diesem Zustand per Schiff in das Verbraucherland transportiert. Dort wird es in einem sogenannten LNG-Terminal gespeichert und je nach Bedarf verdampft, angewärmt und als Brennstoff den Verbrauchern zur VerfUgung gestellt. Die im Erdgas enthaltene Kälte wird daher gemäß der Erfindung in besonders wirtschaftlicher Weise ausgenutzt und geht somit nicht verloren. Normally, natural gas is liquefied in the Elzeugerland and in this State transported by ship to the consumer country. There it is in a so-called LNG terminal stored and, as required, vaporized, heated and used as fuel made available to consumers. The cold contained in natural gas is therefore exploited according to the invention in a particularly economical manner and thus goes not lost.

Als Hilfsenergieträger eignet sich sowohl Luft als auch Stickstoff. Letzterer kann auf einfache Weise dadurch gewonnen werden, indem mittels der zu. speichernden Uberschußenergie zunächst Luft verdichtet und diese dann unter Verwendung von LNG-Kälte in einer Luftzerlegungsanlage in eine flüssige Stickstofffraktion und eine gasförmige Sauerstofffraktion zerlegt wird. Während die flüssige Stickstofffraktion als Hilfsenergieträger gespeichert wird, kann die Sauerstofffraktion als zusätzliches Produkt an einen Sauerstoffverbraucher abgegeben werden. Sie kann z.B. an ein Sauerstoff-Stahlwerk verkauft werden oder auch in einer Partial-Oxidationsanlage zur NH3-Gewinnung bzw. in eine Kohlevergasungsanlage zur Gewinnung von synthetischem Erdgas verwertet werden. Der Sauerstoff kann auch zur Reinigung von Abwässern nach dem Belebtschlammverfahren herangezogen werden. Both air and nitrogen are suitable as auxiliary energy carriers. The latter can be obtained in a simple manner by using the to. storing excess energy first compresses air and then using it of LNG cold in an air separation plant into a liquid nitrogen fraction and a gaseous oxygen fraction is decomposed. While the liquid nitrogen fraction is stored as an auxiliary energy source, the oxygen fraction can be used as an additional Product can be delivered to an oxygen consumer. For example, it can be sent to an oxygen steelworks be sold or in a partial oxidation plant for NH3 recovery or can be used in a coal gasification plant for the production of synthetic natural gas. The oxygen can also be used to purify wastewater using the activated sludge process can be used.

Weitere Erläuterungen zu der Erfindung sind den in den Figuren schematisch dargestellten AusfUhrungsbeispielen zu entnehmen. Für gleiche Vorrichtungsteile sind jeweils gleiche Bezugsziffern vorgesehen. Further explanations of the invention are shown schematically in the figures can be found in the illustrated examples. For the same fixture parts the same reference numbers are provided in each case.

Es zeigen: Figur 1 eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens in Verbindung mit einem Gasturbinenkraftwerk.They show: FIG. 1 an embodiment of the method according to the invention in connection with a gas turbine power plant.

Figur 2 eine detailliertere Darstellung der Ausrührungsform nach Figur 1. FIG. 2 shows a more detailed representation of the embodiment according to Figure 1.

Figur 1 zeigt eine AusfWhrungsform der Erfindung in Verbindung mit einem Gasturbinenkraftwerk bzw. einem halbgeschlossenen Gasturbinenkreislauf zur Erzeugung elektrischer Energie. Innerhalb des Kreislaufes wird Uber die Leitung 1 einziehende Luft in einem Kompressor 2 zunächst auf mittleren Druck verdichtet, im Kühler 3 gekühlt und im Kompressor 4 auf den Kreislaufenddruck weiter verdichtet. Nach weiterer Erwärmung im Wärmeaustauscher 5 wird im Reaktor 6 ein Teil der Luft in Gegenwart von Erdgas verbrannt, welches über Leitung 7 dem Reaktor 6 zugeleitet wird. Das in Reaktor 6 anfallende erhitzte Gasgemisch aus Luft und Rauchgas wird nunmehr in der Kreislaufturbine 8 arbeitsleistend auf einen mittleren Druck entspannt. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the invention in connection with a gas turbine power plant or a semi-closed gas turbine circuit for Generation of electrical energy. Within the circuit is over the line 1 drawing in air in a compressor 2 initially compressed to medium pressure, cooled in the cooler 3 and further compressed in the compressor 4 to the final circuit pressure. After further heating in the heat exchanger 5, some of the air is in the reactor 6 burned in the presence of natural gas, which is fed to the reactor 6 via line 7 will. The heated gas mixture of air and flue gas obtained in reactor 6 is now relaxed to a medium pressure while performing work in the rotary turbine 8.

Die hierbei freigesetzte mechanische Energie wird mittels eines Generators 9 in elektrische Energie umgewandelt und an die Verbraucher abgegeben. Ein Teil des auf mittleren Druck entspannten Kreislaufgases wird in der Turbine 10 arbeitsleistend auf den Enddruck weiter entspannt, während der Rest im Wärmeaustauscher 5 gekühlt und erneut dem im Kompressor 2 verdichteten Luftstrom zugemisch wird. Die in der Turbine ]O gewonnene Energie dient zum Antrieb des Kompressors oder Aufladeverdichters 2. In Spitzenzeiten, also in Zeiten höheren Energiebedarfs. wird erfindungsgemäß ein Teil des im Behälter 11 als Hilfsenergieträger gespeicherten flüssigen Stickstoffs mittels der Pumpe 12 auf den Kreislaufdruck verdichtet, im Wärmeaustauscher 15 verdampft und angewärmt und über Leitung 14 direkt in den Gasturbinenkreislauf eingespeist und zusammen mit dem Kreislaufgas in der Turbine 8 zunächst auf den mittleren Druck und daraufhin in der Aufladeturbine 10 auf den Enddruck arbeitsleistend entspannt.The mechanical energy released here is generated by means of a generator 9 converted into electrical energy and delivered to the consumer. A part the circulating gas expanded to medium pressure is performing work in the turbine 10 Further expanded to the final pressure, while the remainder is cooled in the heat exchanger 5 and is again added to the air stream compressed in the compressor 2. The one in the Turbine] O recovered energy is used to drive the compressor or supercharging compressor 2. In peak times, ie in times of higher energy demand. is according to the invention part of the in the container 11 as an auxiliary energy carrier saved liquid nitrogen compressed by means of the pump 12 to the circuit pressure, in Heat exchanger 15 evaporates and warms up and via line 14 directly into the gas turbine circuit fed and together with the cycle gas in the turbine 8 initially on the medium pressure and then performing work in the supercharging turbine 10 to the final pressure relaxed.

Durch den vergrößerten Massenumsatz kann die Aufladeturbine 10 den Aufladeverdichter 2 stärker antreiben, wodurch der Kreislauf insgesamt wesentlich hoher aufgeladen wird. Hierdurch steigt die Leistung der Kreislaufturbine 8 und somit auch die Stromabgabe des mit dieser gekoppelten Generators 9, so daß es nunmehr möglich ist, den in Spitzenzeiten anfallenden größeren Strombedarf zu decken.Due to the increased mass conversion, the supercharging turbine 10 can the Drive supercharging compressor 2 more strongly, making the circuit as a whole significantly charged higher. This increases the performance of the rotary turbine 8 and thus also the current output of the generator 9 coupled to this, so that it is now it is possible to cover the larger electricity demand that occurs at peak times.

Der für den Spitzenlastbetrieb benötigte Stickstoff wird gewonnen, indem, insbesondere im Normallastbetrieb des Gasturbinenkreislaufs, ein Teil der im Aufladeverdichter 2 verdichteten Luft Uber Leitung 15 abgezogen, im Kiihler 16 gekühlt und im Kompressor 19 auf den Zerlegungsdruck einer Luftzerlegungsanlage weiterverdichtet wird. Der Antrieb des Kompressors 19 erfolgt durch eine Turbine 20, in der Kreislaufgas, Welches aus der Kreislaufturbine 8 unter einem Druck, der Uber dem Enddruck dieser Turbine liegt, abgezogen worden ist, entspannt wird. Die auf Zerlegungsdruck verdichtete Luft wird nunmehr über Leitung 21 einer Luftzerlegungsanlage 22 zugeführt und hier unter Ausnutzung der in flüssigem Erdgas enthaltenen Kälte (LNG-Kälte) in eine flüssige Stickstoff- und eine gasförmige Sauerstofffraktion zerlegt. Die Stickstofffraktion wird Uber Leitung 23 unmittelbar in den Behälter 11 gefördert, während die Sauerstofffraktion Uber Leitung 24 aus der Anlage abgezogen und einem Verbraucher zugeführt wird. The nitrogen required for peak load operation is obtained in that, especially in normal load operation of the gas turbine cycle, part of the Air compressed in the supercharger 2 is drawn off via line 15, in the cooler 16 cooled and in the compressor 19 to the separation pressure of an air separation plant is further compressed. The compressor 19 is driven by a turbine 20, in the cycle gas, which from the cycle turbine 8 under a pressure that Above the final pressure of this turbine is, has been withdrawn, is relaxed. the Air compressed to decomposition pressure is now passed through line 21 to an air separation plant 22 fed and here taking advantage of that contained in liquid natural gas Cold (LNG cold) into a liquid nitrogen and a gaseous oxygen fraction disassembled. The nitrogen fraction is fed directly into the container via line 23 11 promoted, while the oxygen fraction is withdrawn from the system via line 24 and is fed to a consumer.

Das verflUssigte Erdgas wird einem LNG-Terminal 25, in das es Uber die Leitung 26 aus einem Schiff gefördert wurde, entnommen, in der Pumpe 27 verdichtet und in einem Wärmeaustauscherteil 28 der Luftzerlegungsanlage 22 verdampft und angewärmt. über Leitung 29 wird das Erdgas aus der Luftzerlegungsanlage 22 abgezogen und teilweise Uber die Leitung 7 dem Gasturbinenkreislauf als Brennstoff zugefUhrt. Der Rest strömt Uber die Leitung 30 zu weiteren Erdgasverbrauchern. The liquefied natural gas is sent to an LNG terminal 25, into which it is transferred the line 26 was conveyed from a ship, removed, compressed in the pump 27 and evaporated and heated in a heat exchanger part 28 of the air separation plant 22. Via line 29, the natural gas is withdrawn from the air separation plant 22 and partially Supplied as fuel to the gas turbine circuit via line 7. The rest of the flow Via line 30 to other natural gas consumers.

Figur 2 zeigt ein AusfUhrungsbeispiel einer Luftzerlegungsanlage, die es ermöglicht, unter Verwendung von LNG-Kälte flüssigen Stickstoff und gasförmigen Drucksauerstoff zu erzeugen. Figure 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of an air separation plant, which makes it possible to use liquid nitrogen and gaseous refrigeration using LNG refrigeration Generate pressurized oxygen.

Die, wie in Figur 1 ausführlich beschrieben, im Kompressor 21 auf einen Zerlegungsdruck zwischen 3 und 7 ata verdichtete Luft wird nach Abführung der Kcmpressionswärme im Wasserkühler 11 in einem der beiden Regeneratoren 32 und 33 gekühlt und gelangt daraufhin in eine erste Rektifiziersäule 34, in der sie in eine stickstoffreiche Kopffraktion und eine stickstoffarme Sumpffraktion vorzerlegt wird. Die KopfkUhlung der Säule 34 erfolgt durch die Sumpffraktion, die in Adsorbern 35 und 36 gereinigt, in einem Ventil 37 entspannt und im Kopfkondensator 38 verdampft wird. Ein Teil dieses Dampfes wird in einem kaltansaugenden Verdichter 39 verdichtet, im Wärmeaustauscher 40 gekühlt und daraufhin in die Mitte einer zweiten Rektifiziersäule 41 eingespeist und hier in eine flüssige, sauerstoffarme Kopffraktion und eine sauerstoffreiche Sumpffraktion weiterzerlegt. Die Kopffraktion wird Uber ein Ventil 42 als Rücklauf in eine dritte Rektifiziersäule; die bei etwa Atmosphärendruck arbeitet, entspannt, während die Sumpffraktion Uber ein Ventil 44 in den unteren Bereich der Säule 43 gedrosselt wird. Außerdem wird eine dritte Fraktion aus dem mittleren Bereich der Säule 41 über ein Ventil 45 in den mittleren Bereich der Säule 43 entspannt. As described in detail in FIG. 1, in the compressor 21 A decomposition pressure between 3 and 7 ata is compressed air after discharge the Kcmpressionswärme in the water cooler 11 in one of the two regenerators 32 and 33 chilled and then enters a first rectification column 34, in which they are divided into a nitrogen-rich top fraction and a nitrogen-poor bottom fraction is pre-dismantled. The head cooling of the column 34 takes place through the bottom fraction, the Purified in adsorbers 35 and 36, relaxed in a valve 37 and in the top condenser 38 is evaporated. Part of this vapor is used in a cold-suction compressor 39 compressed, cooled in the heat exchanger 40 and then in the middle of a second Rectifying column 41 fed and here in a liquid, low-oxygen top fraction and further breaks down an oxygen-rich sump fraction. The top fraction will be Uber a valve 42 as a return to a third rectification column; those at around atmospheric pressure works, relaxed, while the sump fraction Uber a valve 44 in the lower Area of the column 43 is throttled. In addition, a third parliamentary group is formed from the middle area of the column 41 via a valve 45 in the middle area of the column 43 relaxed.

Der Rest der im Kopfkondensator 38 der ersten Säule verdampfenden Sumpffraktion wird im Wärmeaustauscher 48 angewärmt in der Turbine 49 unter Kälteerzeugung arbeitsleistend entspannt und daraufhin in den mittleren Bereich der Niederdrucksäule 43 eingespeist. The remainder of the evaporating in the top condenser 38 of the first column The bottom fraction is warmed up in the heat exchanger 48 in the turbine 49 while generating cold relaxed while performing work and then in the middle area of the low-pressure column 43 fed in.

Im Sumpf der Säule 43 fällt nahezu reiner Sauerstoff an, der in einer Pumpe 46 auf Abgabedruck, z.B. etwa 60 ata, verdichtet, in den Wärmeaustauscher 40 und 46 verdampft und angewärmt und ueber eine Leitung 47 als Produkt sauerstoff aus der Anlage abgezogen wird. In the bottom of the column 43 is almost pure oxygen that is in a Pump 46 compressed to delivery pressure, e.g. about 60 ata, into the heat exchanger 40 and 46 evaporated and warmed and via a line 47 oxygen as a product is withdrawn from the system.

Der im Kopf der Säule 34 anfallende Stickstoff wird in einer der Rohrschlangen 50 und 51 der Regeneratoren 33 und 32 angewärmt und im Wärmeaustauscher 10 gegen anzuwärmenden Produktsauerstoff erneut gekühlt. Ein Teilstrom dieses Stickstoff wird im Wärmeaustauscher 48 gegen an zuwärmendes Sumpfprodukt der Säule 34 weitergekUhlt und in der Turbine 52 zur Kälteerzeugung arbeitsleistend entspannt. Der nunmehr kalte Teilstrom wird mit dem Kopfstickstoff der Niederdrucksäule 43 vereint und als Spülgas in dem beladenen der Regeneratoren 32 und 33 angewärmt, wobei Festabscheidungen wie C92 und Wasser abgebaut werden. über die Leitungen 53 oder 54 verläßt das SpUlgas die Anlage. The accumulating in the top of the column 34 nitrogen is in one of the Coils 50 and 51 of the regenerators 33 and 32 are heated and in the heat exchanger 10 cooled again against product oxygen to be heated. A partial flow of this nitrogen is further cooled in the heat exchanger 48 against the bottom product of the column 34 to be heated and relaxed in the turbine 52 for cold generation while performing work. The now cold substream is combined with the top nitrogen of the low pressure column 43 and warmed as a purge gas in the loaded one of the regenerators 32 and 33, with solid deposits how C92 and water are broken down. The flushing gas leaves via the lines 53 or 54 the attachment.

Der Reststrom des im Wärmeaustauscher 10 gekühlten Stickstoffs wird im Kaltgebläse 55 auf einen Druck der geringfUgig Uber dem Druck der zweiten Rektifiziersäule 41 liegt, verdichtet, in einem Wärmeaustauscher 56 und einem Kondesator 57 weitergekUhlt und verflüssigt und daraufhin als flüssiger Produktstickstoff einem Speicherbehälter 31 zugeführt. The residual flow of the nitrogen cooled in the heat exchanger 10 is in the cold blower 55 to a pressure slightly above the pressure of the second rectification column 41 lies, compressed, further cooled in a heat exchanger 56 and a condenser 57 and liquefied and then as liquid product nitrogen in a storage container 31 supplied.

Der Kältebeåarf der Anlage wird durch verfltissigtes Erdgas gedeckt, welches Uber Leitung 58 drucklos einem hier nicht gezeigten LNG-Terminal entnommen, in der Pumpe 27 auf einen etwa zwischen 40 und 70 ata liegenden Abgabedruck verdichtet und im Wärmeaustauscher 59 gegen einen noch zu beschreibenden Stickstoffkreislauf von etwa 1120K auf etwa 100K angewärmt wird. Nach weiterer Anwärmung des Erdgases auf etwa 3000K in einem Wärmeaustauscher 60 wird es an die Verbraucher abgegeben. The refrigeration requirement of the system is covered by liquefied natural gas, which is taken through line 58 without pressure from an LNG terminal, not shown here, compressed in the pump 27 to a delivery pressure lying approximately between 40 and 70 ata and in the heat exchanger 59 against a nitrogen cycle to be described is heated from about 1120K to about 100K. After further heating of the natural gas at about 3000K in a heat exchanger 60 it is given off to the consumers.

Unter anderem wird ein Teil über Leitung 7 als Brennstoff dem Reaktor 6 eines in Figur 1 ausführlich beschriebenen halbgeschlossenen und ein weiterer Teil über Leitung 61 als Brennstoff dem Reaktor 69 eines geschlossenen Gasturbinenkreislaufes zugefUhrt.Among other things, a part is fed to the reactor via line 7 as fuel 6, a semi-closed, described in detail in FIG. 1, and another Part via line 61 as fuel to the reactor 69 of a closed gas turbine circuit supplied.

Die Übertragung der im Wärmeaustauscher 59 anfallenden LNG-Kälte auf die Luftzerlegungsanlage erfolgt Uber einen Hochdruckstickstoffkreislauf: Am Kopf der zweiten Rektifiziersäule 41 wird der Kreislaufstickstoff abgezogen und in Wärmeaustauscher 56 gegen zu verflssigenden Stickstoff von der Säule 34 angewärmt. The transfer of the LNG cold occurring in the heat exchanger 59 to the air separation plant takes place via a high pressure nitrogen cycle: Am At the top of the second rectification column 41, the circulating nitrogen is drawn off and warmed in heat exchanger 56 against nitrogen to be liquefied from column 34.

Im zweistufigen Kreislaufkompressor 62 wird der Kreislaufstickstoff auf einen Druck,der der über dem Druck des Erdgases im Wärmeaustauscher 59 liegt, verdichtet. Dieser hohe Kreislaufdruck wird gewählt, um zu verhindern, daß im Falle eines Lecks im Wärmeaustauscher 59 Erdgas in den Stickstoffkreislauf gelangt.In the two-stage cycle compressor 62, the cycle nitrogen to a pressure which is above the pressure of the natural gas in the heat exchanger 59, condensed. This high circuit pressure is chosen to prevent that in the event a leak in the heat exchanger 59 natural gas enters the nitrogen cycle.

Nach seiner Verdichtung wird der Kreislaufstickstoff im Wärmeaustauscher 59 gegen Erdgas gekühlt und im Zwischenkühler 63 erneut angewärmt. Durch die Zwischenkühlung des zu verdichtenden Kreislaufstickstoffs mit dem bereits auf hohem Enddruck verdichteten Kreislaufstickstoffs wird verhindert, daß im Falle eines Lecks Erdgas in den Kompressor 62 gelangt. Der im Zwischenkühler erwärmte Hochdruckstickstoff wird nunmehr im Wärmeaustauscher 59 erneut gegen Erdgas gekühlt. Daraufhin wird er im Sumpf der Säule 41 weitergekilhlt und mittels des Ventils 64 in den Außenraum des Kondensators 57 entspannt. Unter dem Druck der zweiten Rektifiziersäule verdampft ein Teil des Kreislaufstickstoffs gegen sich verflüssigenden Produktstickstoff von der Säule 34. Dieser Teil wird über Leitung 65 erneut in den Kreislauf eingespeist. Der nicht verdampfte Rest wird als zusätzlicher RUcklauf in die zweite Rektifiziersäule zurUckgeführt. Hierdurch wird der Umsatz in dieser Säule erhöht und somit die scharfe Vorzerlegung in die bereits genannten drei Fraktionen, die in die Niederdurcksäule eingespeist werden, ermöglicht.After its compression, the cycle nitrogen is in the heat exchanger 59 cooled against natural gas and reheated in the intercooler 63. Through the intercooling of the circulating nitrogen to be compressed with the already compressed to high final pressure Circulating nitrogen prevents natural gas from entering the compressor in the event of a leak 62 arrives. The high-pressure nitrogen heated in the intercooler is now in the heat exchanger 59 cooled again against natural gas. It is then cooled further in the sump of column 41 and expanded into the outer space of the condenser 57 by means of the valve 64. Under The pressure of the second rectification column vaporizes part of the circulating nitrogen against liquefying product nitrogen from column 34. This part is fed back into the circuit via line 65. The remainder that has not evaporated will as an additional return to the second rectification column. Through this the turnover in this column is increased and thus the sharp pre-decomposition into the the three fractions already mentioned, which are fed into the low-pressure column, enables.

Die weitere Anwärmung des Erdgases erfolgt mit Vorteil gegen zu kühlenden Kreislaufstickstoff eines geschlossenen Gasturbinenkreislaufes, in dem der Stickstoff im Kompressor 67 verdichtet, im Wärmeaustauscher 68 angewärmt, im Reaktor 69 stark erhitzt und in der Kreislaufturbine 70 arbeitsleistend entspannt wird. Die hierbei gewonnene mechanische Arbeit wird im Generator 71 in elektrische Energie umgewandelt. Das arbeitsleistend entspannte Kreislaufgas wird in den Wärmeaustauschern 68 und 60 gekühlt und erneut dem Kreislaufkompressor 67 zugeftlhrt. Die Leckverluste des Kreislaufes können durch in der ersten Rektifiziersäule 34 gewonnenen Stickstoff,der der dem Kreislauf über Leitung 72 zugeführt wird, gedeckt werden. The further heating of the natural gas is advantageous compared to the gas to be cooled Cycle nitrogen of a closed gas turbine cycle in which the nitrogen Compressed in the compressor 67, warmed in the heat exchanger 68, in the reactor 69 strongly heated and performing work in the rotary turbine 70 relaxed will. The mechanical work gained in this way is converted into electrical work in the generator 71 Energy converted. The work-relieved cycle gas is in the heat exchangers 68 and 60 are cooled and fed back to the circulation compressor 67. The leakage losses of the circuit can be obtained in the first rectification column 34 nitrogen, the which is fed to the circuit via line 72, are covered.

In Spitzenbedarfszeiten an elektrischer Energie wird ein Teil des im Behälter 11 gespeicherten flüssigen Stickstoffs mittels der Pumpe 12 auf den Druck des haibgeschlossenen und des geschlossenen Gasturbinenkreislaufes verdichtet, in den Wärmeaustauschern 59 und 60 verdampft und angewärmt und Uber Leitungen 14 und 73 direkt in beide Kreisläufe eingespeist. During periods of peak demand for electrical energy, part of the liquid nitrogen stored in the container 11 by means of the pump 12 to the The pressure of the semi-closed and closed gas turbine circuit is compressed, evaporated and heated in the heat exchangers 59 and 60 and via lines 14 and 73 fed directly into both circuits.

Hierdurch erhöht sich der Massenumsatz und somit die in den Kreislaufturbinen 8 und 70 gewonnene Energie. In Zeiten normalen Energiebedarfs kann aus dem geschlossenen Gasturbinenkreislauf ein Teil des Kreislaufgases über eine Leitung 74 wieder abgezogen werden.This increases the mass turnover and thus that in the rotary turbines 8 and 70 energy gained. In times of normal energy demand can be from the closed In the gas turbine cycle, part of the cycle gas is drawn off again via a line 74 will.

Claims (10)

PatentansprücheClaims 1. Verfahren zur Versorgung von Energieverbrauchern mit der von einem Energieerzeuger produzierten Energie, wobei in Zeiten des geringeren Energiebedarfs ein Teil der produzierten Energie unter Verwendung eines gasförmigen Hilfsenergieträgers gespeichert und in Zeiten größeren Energiebedarfs die im Hilfsenergieträger gespeicherte Energie den Verbrauchern zur Verfügung gestellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in Zeiten geringeren Energiebedarfs der Hilfsenergieträger verflUssigt und nahezu drucklos gespeichert wird, während in Zeiten größeren Energiebedarfs der Hilrskälteträger verdichtet, angewärmt und arbeitsleistend entspannt wird 1. Method for supplying energy consumers with that of one Energy producers produced energy, although in times of lower energy demand part of the energy produced using a gaseous auxiliary energy carrier stored and in times of greater energy demand that stored in the auxiliary energy source Energy is made available to consumers, characterized in that in times of lower energy demand the auxiliary energy source liquefied and almost is stored without pressure, while in times of greater energy demand the auxiliary refrigerant is compressed, warmed and relaxed while doing work 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Verflüssigung des Hilfsenergieträgers neben der zu speichernden Energie verflüssigtes Erdgas herangezogen wird, welches im Wärme austausch mit dem Hilfsenergieträger verdampft und angewärmt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition to the liquefaction of the auxiliary energy source to be stored energy liquefied natural gas is used, which in the heat exchange with the auxiliary energy carrier is evaporated and heated. 3. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hilfsenergieträger Luft ist.3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that the auxiliary energy carrier is air. 4. Verfahren nach den Anspruche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß unter Verwendung von zu speichernder Energie und der im verflüssigten Erdgas enthaltenen Kälte Luft zer-Ic und flüssiger Sticlcstoff erzeugt vJird und daß der flüssige Stickstoff als Hilfsencrgieträger gespeichert wird.4. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that using energy to be stored and that contained in the liquefied natural gas Cold air is decomposed and liquid nitrogen is produced, and that liquid nitrogen is stored as an auxiliary carrier. 5. Verfahren nach den ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gkennzeichnet, daß der Energieerzeuger ein Gasturbinenkreislauf ist, in dem ein Brennstoff in Gegenwart von Luft unmittelbar im Kreislauf verörannt und das anfallende Gasgemisch arbeitsleistend entspannt wird, und daß in Zeiten höheren Energiebedarfs der verflüssigte Hilfsenergieträger auf Kreislaufdruck verdichtet, angewärmt und unmittelbar in den Gasturbinenkreislauf eingespeist wird.5. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the power generator is a gas turbine cycle in which a fuel is present burnt by air directly in the circuit and the resulting gas mixture does work is relaxed, and that in times of higher energy demand the liquefied auxiliary energy carrier Compressed to circuit pressure, warmed and directly into the gas turbine circuit is fed in. 6. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Teil des Gasgemisches im Gasturbinenkreislauf mehrstufig entspannt wird, daß die in einer niedrigeren Entspannungsstufe anfallende Energie zur Verdichtung von Luft herangezogen wird, daß zumindest ein Teil der verdichteten Luft unter Verwendung der im flüssigen Erdgas enthaltenen Kälte in eine flüssige Stickstoff- und eine gasfiSrmige Sauerstofffraktion zerlegt wird und daß die flüssige Stickstofffraktion als Hilfsenergieträger gespeichert wird.6. The method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that part of the gas mixture in the gas turbine circuit is expanded in several stages, that the energy that arises in a lower relaxation stage is used for compression of air is drawn using that at least a portion of the compressed air the cold contained in liquid natural gas into a liquid nitrogen and a gaseous oxygen fraction is broken down and that the liquid nitrogen fraction is stored as an auxiliary energy source. 7. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die verdichtete Luft in einer ersten Rektifiziersäule in eine stickstoffreiche und eine stickstoffarme Fraktion vorzerlegt wird, daß die stickstoffreiche Fraktion unter Verwendung der im verflUssigten Erdgas enthaltenen Kälte zumindes teilweise verflüssigt wird und daß die stickstoffarme Fraktion teilweise verdichtet und in eine zweite Rektifiziersäule und teilweise entspannt und in eine dritte Rektifiziersäule eingespeist wird.7. The method according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the compressed air in a first rectification column in a nitrogen-rich and a nitrogen-poor fraction is pre-separated that the nitrogen-rich fraction at least partially using the cold contained in the liquefied natural gas is liquefied and that the low-nitrogen fraction is partially compressed and in a second rectifying column and partially relaxed and into a third rectifying column is fed in. 8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Übertragung der im verflüssigten Erdgas enthaltenen Kälte auf die stickstoffreiche Fraktion mittels eines Hochdruckstickstoffkreislaufes erfolgt, dessen Kreislaufgas vom Kopf der zweiten Säule abgezogen, verdichtet, im Wärmeaustausch mit verfltlssigtem Erdgas und dem Sumpf der zweiten Säule verrlüssigt, entspannt und im Wärmeaustausch mit der stickstoffreichen Fraktion zumindest teilweise verdampft wird.8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that the transmission the cold contained in the liquefied natural gas on the nitrogen-rich fraction takes place by means of a high pressure nitrogen cycle, its cycle gas from the head withdrawn from the second column, compressed, exchanging heat with liquefied natural gas and the sump of the second column liquefied, relaxed and in heat exchange with the nitrogen-rich fraction is at least partially evaporated. 9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein nicht verdampfter Rest des Kreislaufgases als Rücklauf in die zweite Säule zurückgeführt wird.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that a not evaporated remainder of the cycle gas is returned to the second column as reflux will. 10. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine flüssige Fraktion vom Kopr der zweiten RektifiziersEule, eine flüssige Fraktion aus deren mittleren Bereich und eine flüssige Fraktion aus deren Sumpf als Rücklauf in die dritte Rektifiziersäule entspannt werden.10. The method according to claims 7 to 9, characterized in that that a liquid fraction from the head of the second rectifying owl, a liquid Fraction from their middle area and a liquid fraction from their sump be relaxed as return to the third rectification column.
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DE2933973A1 (en) 1978-08-23 1980-02-28 Union Carbide Corp METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING LOW-PURITY OXYGEN BY LOW-TEMPERATURE RECTIFICATION
DE3041408A1 (en) * 1979-04-04 1982-02-11 Petrochem Consultants Inc CRYOGENIC RECOVERY OF LIQUIDS FROM REFINERY OFF-GASES
FR2489411A1 (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-03-05 Technigaz Off peak energy storing system - has air liquefying and vaporising units to enable energy to be stored as liquid air in low volume
AT385113B (en) * 1985-11-08 1988-02-25 Voest Alpine Ag METHOD FOR STORING GASES
AT387454B (en) * 1986-05-14 1989-01-25 Voest Alpine Ag DEVICE FOR DISASSEMBLING AIR WITH STORAGE OF PRODUCT GAS IN LIQUID FORM
EP1253388A1 (en) * 2001-04-23 2002-10-30 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for liquefaction of natural gas
EP1469265A1 (en) * 2003-04-08 2004-10-20 SIAD MACCHINE IMPIANTI S.p.a. Process for nitrogen liquefaction by recovering the cold derived from liquid methane gasification
WO2005064252A1 (en) * 2003-12-23 2005-07-14 L'air Liquide - Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Cryogenic air separation process and apparatus
DE102010024465A1 (en) * 2010-06-21 2011-12-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for utilizing waste electrical energy of e.g. coal fired power plant, involves liquefying gas with assistance of electrical power, storing liquefied gas, and cooling process medium of power station with assistance of liquefied gas
CN102817655A (en) * 2012-09-06 2012-12-12 南京玖壹环境科技有限公司 Comprehensive energy source management system for peak shifting power supplying and method thereof
WO2013185783A1 (en) 2012-06-11 2013-12-19 Arano-Trade Ltd. Energy transformation system
DE102013208341A1 (en) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for cooling at least one component of an electrical machine
US20150192065A1 (en) * 2012-06-28 2015-07-09 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for generating electric energy
EP2227624A4 (en) * 2007-12-06 2016-08-24 Sustainable Energy Solutions Llc Methods and systems for generating power from a turbine using pressurized nitrogen
EP1989400B1 (en) 2006-02-27 2017-04-05 Highview Enterprises Limited A method of storing energy and a cryogenic energy storage system
US10876433B2 (en) 2016-02-02 2020-12-29 Highview Enterprises Limited Power recovery

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2933973A1 (en) 1978-08-23 1980-02-28 Union Carbide Corp METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING LOW-PURITY OXYGEN BY LOW-TEMPERATURE RECTIFICATION
DE2953796C1 (en) * 1978-08-23 1982-07-22 Union Carbide Corp., 10017 New York, N.Y. Method and apparatus for producing low purity oxygen by low temperature rectification
DE3041408A1 (en) * 1979-04-04 1982-02-11 Petrochem Consultants Inc CRYOGENIC RECOVERY OF LIQUIDS FROM REFINERY OFF-GASES
FR2489411A1 (en) * 1980-08-29 1982-03-05 Technigaz Off peak energy storing system - has air liquefying and vaporising units to enable energy to be stored as liquid air in low volume
AT385113B (en) * 1985-11-08 1988-02-25 Voest Alpine Ag METHOD FOR STORING GASES
AT387454B (en) * 1986-05-14 1989-01-25 Voest Alpine Ag DEVICE FOR DISASSEMBLING AIR WITH STORAGE OF PRODUCT GAS IN LIQUID FORM
EP1253388A1 (en) * 2001-04-23 2002-10-30 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for liquefaction of natural gas
EP1469265A1 (en) * 2003-04-08 2004-10-20 SIAD MACCHINE IMPIANTI S.p.a. Process for nitrogen liquefaction by recovering the cold derived from liquid methane gasification
EP2031329A1 (en) * 2003-12-23 2009-03-04 L'Air Liquide Société Anonyme pour l'Etude et l'Exploitation des Procédés Georges Claude Cryogenic air separation process
US7228715B2 (en) 2003-12-23 2007-06-12 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Cryogenic air separation process and apparatus
WO2005064252A1 (en) * 2003-12-23 2005-07-14 L'air Liquide - Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Cryogenic air separation process and apparatus
EP1989400B1 (en) 2006-02-27 2017-04-05 Highview Enterprises Limited A method of storing energy and a cryogenic energy storage system
EP2227624A4 (en) * 2007-12-06 2016-08-24 Sustainable Energy Solutions Llc Methods and systems for generating power from a turbine using pressurized nitrogen
DE102010024465A1 (en) * 2010-06-21 2011-12-22 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for utilizing waste electrical energy of e.g. coal fired power plant, involves liquefying gas with assistance of electrical power, storing liquefied gas, and cooling process medium of power station with assistance of liquefied gas
WO2013185783A1 (en) 2012-06-11 2013-12-19 Arano-Trade Ltd. Energy transformation system
US20150192065A1 (en) * 2012-06-28 2015-07-09 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for generating electric energy
CN102817655A (en) * 2012-09-06 2012-12-12 南京玖壹环境科技有限公司 Comprehensive energy source management system for peak shifting power supplying and method thereof
DE102013208341A1 (en) * 2013-05-07 2014-11-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for cooling at least one component of an electrical machine
WO2014180701A3 (en) * 2013-05-07 2015-06-18 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for cooling at least one component of an electric machine
US10876433B2 (en) 2016-02-02 2020-12-29 Highview Enterprises Limited Power recovery

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