DE2418274A1 - METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING SOOT - Google Patents

Description

Procedure and Yorrichtuii ^ to ¥ ■ ·? <'? stel luv, π

The invention relates to a soot reactor with a burner · ?? and a device for injecting the starting material for soot production. The invention also relates to; to a process for the production of carbon black.

The burner is designed for dusting and burning liquid fuels to the extent necessary for implementation To deliver heat.

The use of liquid oil fuels in sootreactcrc ··; is known as such. For example, f.i-;

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hereinafter referred to as US patents with oil injection working burners designed for soot reactors be ™. Correct are: U.S. Patents 22,886; 2,420,999; 2,641,554;

2,961,500; 5,005,854; 5,060,005; 5,211,552; 5 290 120;

3 501 274 and 3 669 628.

The prior publication closest to the application proposal with regard to the burner as such to the knowledge of the applicant is US Pat amke.it en can be found with the registration proposal. It should be noted that the cited patent does not disclose any disclosure with regard to the improvement of the combustion process through the use of high turbulence numbers, which are characterized by zones of backward flow and backmixing within the flame zone, and the cited patent in no way describes the possibility the manufacture of hats when a flame characteristic is required which allows the introduction of a central tube through the center of the F-flame in order to inject the starting material for the soot production. In addition, the burner according to the invention has further distinguishing technical features which should justify the granting of a patent different from the patent mentioned.

The principles of applying intense turbulence in the burner are in the book "Combustion Aerodynamics" by Beer and Chigier (1972) Halsted Press Division, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York and in reports from the International Flame Research Institute of Ijmuiden.

In many cases, natural gas is used as fuel in soot reactors. In situations where gas is not -available or not available at an economical price however, it is desirable to have a burner that is capable of using liquid oil fuels is designed, whereby the liquid oil fuels heavy oils, include. The main problem with the construction of such a burner is to be seen in the fact that the required high speeds, especially in the case of Eu.ß reactors, do not allow sufficient residence time for complete combustion of the fuel within to ensure the allowable time until the atomization of the fuel has become extremely effective and extremely high Burn rates have been realized.

Conventional processes using high pressure atomization lead to high discharge speeds. the Manufacture of the fuel outlet nozzle determines to a certain extent the exit characteristic and consequently the outlet velocity will be radial or axial. A high axial speed has the disadvantage that the dwell time is shortened, while a high radial velocity causes droplets to impinge on the inner surface of the combustion chamber, resulting in a leads to undesired coke formation.

For the soot production process in accordance with of the technology used by the inventor, it is particularly advantageous to use a flame made from burning oil fuel to have which the injected initial material for the Including soot generation in a zone of high axial velocity with the base of the flame fluidly above the injection point of the starting material is located.

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It is also important that the location or posture of the injected oil serving as starting material can be displaced along the center line by the annular Injector for the starting material through the burner and advanced through the center of the flame or is pushed back. This arrangement must be against the flame heat protected by internal liquid cooling or an internal flow of cooling gas.

Based on the above, it can be seen that the object of the invention is to provide a Hußreai: To create gate of the type mentioned, in which the burner is able to achieve a high combustion rate and to ensure a satisfactory flame characteristic even when operating using of heavy fuel oils. The invention is particularly concerned with creating a burner, v / elcher In a zone of high axial flow velocities, sufficient fiber stability is guaranteed. Further the rate of combustion must be so high that complete combustion is possible within a short distance of the burner head using liquid hydrocarbons with high carbon-hydrogen ratios v / earth know The object of the invention also includes the creation of atomizing devices, which one "Ensure extremely fine atomization and, at the same time, the impact of drops of liquid on the walls prevent the combustion chamber, which leads to the formation of coke deposits, as is normally the case is, if the atomization function relies on it, liquid, air-liquid mixture or vapor-liquid mixture to be pressed through small openings under high discharge pressures. Achievement is also part of the object of the invention a hollow discharge characteristic, whereby it

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It is particularly important to avoid oil that is still in the liquid state in contact with the cooling duct of the injection device for the starting material . Also · the object of the invention counts the Schaf.fimr; a fuel combustion system for a soot reactor, which prevents the formation of polluting nitrogen oxides.

That of the invention with regard to the HuB reactor creating 211 the underlying problem is solved according to the invention through an inner tube and an outlet tube, which are concentric are arranged to each other and define a first head space for the passage of atomizing air, Devices for the supply of air into the first annular space, to which a device is assigned, with their With the aid of the atomizing air, a strong swirl can be imparted, a first inner ring and one concentric to this second outer ring, the singles at the lower flow ends of the concentric ^ Pipes are attached and the annulus converging au, - £; e ~ shape, which is a hollow, frustoconical and divergent Shape, one concentric within the inner tube provided third tube, which has a second grating; defined with the fluidically lower end of the third tube attached to the inner ring by a plurality of openings formed in the inner ring, those from the second annular space below the narrowest in terms of flow. Place of the converging annulus located places in the converging annulus lead, devices for the supply of fuel oil to the openings and through the tubular injection device for the soot starting material, which is passed through the middle of the third tube.

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The object on which the invention is based with regard to the "process for the production of carbon black" to be created is achieved according to the invention in that a turbulent air flow of generally hollow, truncated cone-shaped shape is formed which diverges in the direction of flow against the axis of a carbon black burner arranged in a Eüß reactor. The flow is given a high turbulence number of at least 0 _t 6, that a heavy fuel oil is introduced into the air flow in the form of a large number of low-pressure oil flows, distributed over the circumferential cross-section of the air flow, and that the oil is burned with the formation of a flame and that an oil serving as the starting material for the oil is injected into the reactor in the axial direction at a point below the flame in terms of flow.

The subject of the invention is thus a concentric arrangement of burner / injection device for the starting material at a carbon reactor that is used for the Intended for atomization and burning of liquid fuels is so as to provide the heat required for the reaction. The atomizing tip consists of two annular ring members made to form a narrowest point which is generally one converging annulus, through which part of the combustion air, which was previously in a strong turbulence has been convicted is accelerated. This swirled and accelerated air flow flows in the form of a hollow, frustoconical and divergent stream. Oil fuel is injected into the air stream through a plurality of openings drilled through the inner ring is atomized by means of this air flow. The remaining part

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the combustion air is fed into the combustion chamber, soft surrounds the burner and with the lie rivet on gszone of the reactor is in communication. The sin output materials for soot production oil v.'ird means. '? an annular device passed through a central opening in the device into the reaction chamber sprayed.

The oils intended to be burned in the burner include heavy fuel oils. Those involved in burning oil fuels the resulting heat is required to protect the material. to convert to soot. If the burner is installed in a soot reactor and is in operation, the The combustion chamber surrounding the burner is fed in the aforementioned manner with the remaining part of the combustion air. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention · are Surrender rotating propeller blades provided to carry out the turbulence. In addition, can advantageously Oil injection openings may be provided in a running essentially perpendicular to the reactor acbse Are just aligned. Furthermore, according to the invention a plurality of, for example, three feed pipes may be provided to carry the oil fuel to the oil fuel injection ports respectively. It has proven to be particularly advantageous to have a Uinf on gs stage or groove on the To provide ends of the olein injection ports and further ports to form in the inner ring for the passage of cooling air.

Further features, advantages and details of the invention emerge from the following description of an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing. In this show

Pig. 1 is a partially sectioned view in FIG

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Lengthways of a section of a suitable carbon black reactor along with the preferred one Burner, a combustion chamber and an injection device for the carbon black raw material,

Fig. 2 is an enlarged, partially sectioned illustration of the preferred embodiments of the Brenners and

FIG. 3 is a view taken along line 3 - 3 in FIG. 2.

As can be seen in FIG. 1, all of the air required for the combustion of the oil and for the formation of soot is supplied via the annular space 43 to the chamber 44 which encloses the combustion chamber 49 and the burner Λ. A considerable proportion of this air enters the burner through slots 3 and is used to atomize the oil fuel and initiate intensive combustion. As can be seen from FIG. 2, this atomizing air arrives via an annular space 2 formed by concentric tubes 5 and 7 in contact with propeller blades 9 'which are rotated by the atomizing air. These propeller blades 9 are arranged at an angle of 45 to 67 '1/2, preferably 50 to 60 ° with respect to the axis in order to give the atomizing air a powerful swirl. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the propeller blades 9 are preferably arranged so as to overlap one another in order to ensure a stable and not an oscillating flame. "Overlap" is to be understood as an overlap both on the outer and on the inner diameter of the annular space 2 and preferably an overlap by an equal percentage for both diameters mentioned, which is for example at least 10 and preferably at least 20%. The overlap could be almost ': UO; 5

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_ 9 -

be. Preferably the Eanten are the Propell er ™ blades 9 beveled to promote a smooth flow. Optionally, a vortex can thereby be brought about be that the atomizing air enters tangentially through the pipe 7 into the king room. The swirl led to a high speed in the tangential direction without doing a high axial or radial velocity occurs.

The speed of the atomizing air is then even further increased when this is achieved by the generally converging annulus in the atomizing tip 11 passes, which by an inner annular Ring 11a and an outer annular ring 11b is defined. The atomizing air is thus swirled and at high speed in one in general hollow, conical and divergent V / ice guided. The ring 11a can be made of carbon steel. The ring 11a should preferably be made of a heat resistant material Consist of metal alloy.

The converging annulus can have the shape of a Yeii turi tube or a Venturi nozzle or any other converging shape which accelerates the flow without affecting the swirl too adversely. A suitable angle of convergence leading to the narrowest point of the tip 11 is about 10 to 30 °, but preferably about 15 to 20 °,

The two surfaces of the tip members 11a and 11b, the one below the narrowest point of the tip in terms of flow 11, can be substantially parallel to each other or at an angle of preferably no more than 7 1/2 "

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- ίο -

be arranged diverging from one another.

As "already explained, is an essential feature of the invention to see that a high degree of turbulence for atomizing the edible or starting material as well as air used to initiate combustion. Above a critical Turbulence intensity is created by the turbulence area in the center of the flame near the burner mouth backward-directed currents, which lead to an additional dwell time and to intensive re-mixing due to heat and mass transfer of the hot combustion products with the stream of fresh fuel mixture. With swirl numbers "S" greater than 0.6, this effect leads to flames of remarkable stability and combustion intensity. The turbulence count can be defined as the ratio between the axial flow of annular moment and the axial flow of linear moment. For the type of annular turbulence described in the context of the invention, the turbulence number is approximated received by

S = 2/3

1 - (Eh / H) ³
1 - (Eh / E) ²

tan

In this equation:

R = outer diameter of the annulus divided by 2,

Eh = Inner diameter of the annulus divided by 2,

cC - pitch angle of the propeller blade compared to the aciise of the annulus.

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In terms of the above equation, refer to the book "Combustion Aerodynamics", Beer and Chigier, Chapter V referenced.

It should also be noted that under the annular space mentioned in the above equation, the annular space 2 according to the invention is to be understood.

A swirl number of at least 0.6 and preferably at least 1.0 to 1.6 is required, which is from the flow velocities in the arial direction within the combustion chamber and the reaction chamber as well as the combustion properties of the fuel or oil depends. A turbulence number is used for the typical operating conditions mentioned below of S = 1.2 is used, resulting in a stable and transparent flame that is essentially within the limits of the combustion chamber is burning.

The atomizing tip 11 has an acute-angled hollow-conical shape of about 15 to 35 ·> preferably of about 20 to 25 divergence with respect to the axis of the arrangement. A heat shield 12 made of a heat-resistant alloy is attached to the tip 11a. The oil forming the liquid fuel is introduced via a pipe 13 into an annular space 14 from which e ^ flows out through a plurality of, for example 3, oil feed pipes 15 and connecting openings 15s. The fuel oil then passes through three separate card sections 21 and finally passes through a multiplicity of openings 23 which are provided distributed over the entire cross-sectional area of the circumference of the inner ring 11a in the stream of atomizing air. The openings 23 sir ·?

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preferably at an angle to the radius
arranged. They run, for example, tangentially to the circumference of the hat sections 21. This offers the advantage of a longer passage, whereby the pressure drop can be increased, which in cases very much
lower flow velocities of the liquid
may be low in order to achieve a satisfactory distribution of the
Ensure fluidity. For operation with high
However, a radial arrangement of the openings 23 is preferred for flow velocities.

The inner ring 11a preferably contains an inwardly directed circumferential step or groove 25 at the ends of the oil injection openings
To facilitate distribution or spraying of the oil between the openings around the tip in order to achieve a better distribution of the oil and a more effective atomization process in this way.

Although other means of supplying oil fuel to the ring 11a can be used, the use of a plurality of separate tubes 15 instead of a single large tube or annular member for
Supply of oil to the openings. 23 advantageous for various reasons. 1) The increased speed allows a short-term heat transfer, which prevents undesired coking of the oil in the pipes.

2) the individual tubes can be cooled by covering them with cooling air, as will be described below and

3) will have a more even distribution of the oil on the
openings 23 reached.

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Cooling air supplied through the pipe 17 cools the pipes 15 and then goes through openings 18 and 18a in the Tip 11a to cool the tip 11a. This air finally passes through the small ring-shaped one Gap between the pipe 67 and the pipe 19 as a cleaning agent to prevent the formation of oil deposits to prevent the pipe 67. The openings 18a are closed by welding at 18b so that none Air penetrates from the openings 18 into the annular space between the tips 11a and 11b. This cooling the Tubes 15 and the tip 11a allow the preheating .. ^ the combustion air (entering through the slots 3) to temperatures of 4-00 ° C. and more without this overheating and coking of the oil fuel occurs. Such overheating of the combustion air leads to a considerable increase in the rate of combustion of the supplied oil fuel and has a beneficial effect on the soot formation process the end.

The arrangement comprising the inner rings 11a and the concentric tubes 5 and 19 are longitudinally opposite to the rest of the arrangement shown in Pig. 2 can be adjusted to adjust the annular opening of the atomizing tip 11. Such an adjustment is possible because the tube 5 is held displaceably within the stuffing box 39. Such adjustment may be used to change the angle at which the oil injection is done to change ¹ for the purpose of changing the Iaminenausbildung J.

Pig. 1 shows the burner together with a geei ^ noto.a Injection device for the exit raateriiii, the Y

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combustion chamber and part of the soot reactor. In the embodiment shown here, the air passes through an inlet, not shown, which can be designed in accordance with de; ii inlet 14 according to US Pat. No. J 256 065 can. The air that has entered flows through the annular space 43, from the housing or the dumbbell 45 and the inner Tube 47 is formed. A part of this air that has entered becomes atomizing air in the manner described above, while another part becomes combustion air, which through openings, such as the air slot arranged in section 49a or elsewhere in the combustion chamber 50 enters the combustion chamber 49. Will be a preheat the air within the resector housing 45 is not sought, so the air can be in various ways and ways introduced into the reactor v / ground. For example, an air inlet (not shown) can flow to the provided at the top of the reactor close to the burner will be.

The first section 49a of the combustion chamber, which is located at the burner outlet, provides a closure member through which the burner 1 in the slide; -3itz in the combustion chamber extends. The section 49a may be divergent (frustoconical), as shown be to the ability for intensive initiation or to increase ignition of the flame. A. such a closure part can, however, be of a different shape.

The following section 49b of the combustion chamber can be cylindrical as shown in the drawing in order to promote the completeness of consumption: ivi ν to create a zone of blocked flow. Lar '^ Section 49c of the combustion chamber is si: L v-; r-

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Young trained to deal with the constricted reaction muscles 53 to correspond.

In the production of various types of carbon black using of reaction chambers, which the same or even larger "diameters" than the combustion section 49b has been found that the sections 49c and 49b can be omitted so that the so-called "burnout phase" of the combustion (the one Phase in which the combustion is completed) takes place in the reaction chamber itself.

As shown in the drawings, the Combustion ™ chamber sections 49b and 49c and part of section 49a and the reaction canoe 53 with a refractory Lining provided.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention sees a combined combustion and heat chamber before. In this embodiment, the sections 49a, 49b and 49c are lined by a single refractory and frustoconically tapering not shown Replaces the section that extends from the reactant canister 53 to a point just above the Tip 11 and extends below the slots 3 in terms of flow. The flow-wise upper end of such 'the tapered section ends in a closure part, as previously described with reference to section 49a, which is arranged in a sliding fit around the burner. public There are also provisions for the passage of combustion air intended. The preferred embodiment for this However, the closure member is a flat plate, (with openings or air slits for the passage of

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Air), but with other designs, for example frustoconical: g3 designs can be used with good success. The rejuvenation of the self The tapering section thus shows a convergent shape in the direction of flow. The advantage of this Embodiment compared to the embodiment according to Fig. 1 can be seen in the simplicity of construction and operation. It also significantly reduces the pressure drop above the combustion chamber.

In each of the two above-described embodiments of the combustion chamber, with the aid of an annular Passage between the closure part 49a and the burner 1 achieves a direct flow of air into the combustion chamber x «; earth. A. such annular passage can be achieved in that a central opening is provided in the closure part whose diameter is larger than the outside diameter of the burner, with the result that the tight fit between the closure part and the burner in omission. In this case, the openings or louvers 50 wholly or partially omitted come.

The Euss starting material is placed in the reaction chamber 53 introduced with the aid of a tubular injection device for the starting material, which is described below will. The oil used as the Euss starting material is fed through a bore 57, which is displaceable fastened within the axial tube 59 and sealed against the same with the aid of suitable packing glands contained within a closure member 61. The streamlined lower end of the pipe

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A suitable spray nozzle, not shown, is provided for the starting material, which can be a commercially available nozzle. The spraying of the starting material is indicated ^{with the aid of the lines v} jZ.

The flow- wise upper end of the axial tube 59 can be equipped with a tube 65 for the axial supply of air into the annular space between the tube 57 for the output material and. the axial tube 59 to ensure that the starting material does not enter the ring space or the annular gap.

A suitable injection device for the starting material is described in more detail in US-PS 3 74-1 165 ", wherein the device described there is preferably water-cooled. The cooling water enters through pipe 73 and exits through pipe 75.

The tube 67 is inside the tube 19 by means of a Closure member 79 slidably mounted so that the entire E in nozzle in the direction of the outputs fcerial comprehensive arrangement within the reactor can be adjusted to various predetermined points in order to achieve the properties, of the soot.

Although the reaction chamber 53 in Fig. 1 as cylindrical trained can be shown with good results other configurations for the reaction chamber can be used. For example, the Reaküonskamner 53 can converging frustoconical shape, v; ie in U.S. Patent 3,256,065.

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The following are the "used with this burner Principles summarized:

1. There is an "atomization" at low pressure using a considerable part of the combustion air which has been accelerated in the zone of its contact with the fuel oil in order to atomize the oil.

2. The atomizing air becomes a swirl with a high swirl ratio given, so that a high speed is achieved in the tangential direction without high axial or radial velocities occur, whereby one of the backflow effect of hot combustion products within the vortex space Vortex flame use is made to increase the combustion rate, v / ie on the basis of previously carried out Investigations of combustion processes presented and described. This backflow also leads to zones with backward flow and to backmixing, as already mentioned.

3. There is the option of a tube with a cooled Guide the surface through the center of the burner assembly, which extends across the burner surface, without coked and tar-containing deposits from the zone of initial flame formation and oil injection be formed on the cold surface of the pipe. This pipe is intended as a line through which the starting material for the carbon black can be introduced into the carbon black reaction zone.

The outlet pressures of the oil fuel are at

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Execution of the method according to the invention preferably from 0.002461 to 0.00352 kg / mm ² .

A suitable and economical mode of operation involves using the same oil as both an oil fuel as well as the raw material for the carbon black. For example, a highly aromatic thermal tar can be added the following properties both as an oil of the cooking material as well as a heavy fuel oil according to the invention to serve:

Density 1.07 g / cm *

Viscosity 27.9 centistokes at 37.8 ° C

3.45 centistokes at 93 ° C

Carbon content 90.21%

Hydrogen content 8.59%

Sulfur content 1.20%
Such oils are well known as carbon black sources

Although oils used as the feedstock for the soot are desirable oil fuels for the burner, other oil fuels can be used, such as the heavy fuel oils IJr. 4, No. 5 and No. 6 as well as all light oils and petroleum refining products, such as naphtha, Kerosene, diesel oil, gasoline, etc.

The feed rate of the 3iiden used as the starting material Oil depends on the special type of carbon black to be produced, the special design and dimensions of the reactor and the prevailing operating conditions. The determination of the specific knowledge or ΰοεο ^ .- / ίΐ] ς-.ϊ: ν :: 11 is within the skill of a breakthrough

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manns in the field of soot production.

The following table shows the characteristics of a typical mode of operation using the one according to the invention Brenners compiled:

Combustion air total 4,480 Nmr / h (including the entire through the annulus 43 flowing air)

Atomizing air (through the tip 11) 1,680 NmVh Swirl number 1.2

Speed at the exit

the atomizing tip 11 175 »5 m / sec

Consumption of fuel oil 65 g / h

With the above-mentioned air pollution or air quantities, successful combustion with oil quantities of 40 to 100 g / h can be achieved, with a turndown ratio on the burner of 2.5 to 1 is achieved.

In the initial phase of the burning process, the ratio of oil to air is considerably higher than the stoichiometric ratio. As a result of the advantage offered by the reverse flow zone in the vortex chamber, which rotates the vortexing of the air, intensive combustion is given even to such a more than saturated mixture. Temperatures of 1649 C have _{been measured at a distance of 25 5} 4 mm from the burner mouth. It is known that such burns in excess prevent the formation of nitrogen oxides even at high temperatures. During the subsequent. Combustion and the gradual mixing with cooler air which enters through the openings 50, the flame temperature is lowered sufficiently to prevent the formation of stick oxides in the leaner combustion gases. With the help of this

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Combustion process is thus the production of environmentally polluting Nitric oxides have been reduced considerably.

If the burner is to be put into operation, it is scavenged using gas or lighter compounds and then brought to full load with fuel oil, with the fuel oil rapidly changing to the gas or lighter Re & iuci replaced.

Surprisingly, it has been found that the use this oil burner to a 15% higher throughput leads to oil serving as the starting material than this when using a gas burner under otherwise identical conditions Operating conditions and heating capacities is possible.

The invention is not limited to those shown and described Embodiments are limited, since these only serve to explain the invention.

All features resulting from the description and the drawings, including their constructive features Details can be essential to the invention both individually and in any combination.

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Claims (28)

Claims Soot reactor with a burner and a device for injecting the starting material for "soot production, characterized by an inner pipe (5) and an outer pipe (7) which are arranged concentrically to one another and define a first annular space (2) for the passage of atomizing air, Devices ($) for the supply of air into the first annular space (2), to which a device (9) is assigned, with the aid of which a strong turbulence can be produced in the atomizing air, a first inner ring (11a) and a second outer ring concentric to this (1 "b), v; whether the rings (11a, 11b) are attached to the respective lower flow ends of the concentric tubes (5-7) and converge the annular space (2), which has a hollow, frustoconical and divergent shape , a third tube (19) which is provided concentrically inside the inner tube (5) and which defines a second annular space (14), the flow-wise lower end of the third tube res (19) is attached to the inner ring (11a) through a plurality of openings (2J) formed in the inner ring (11a) which flow from the second annular space (14-) below the narrowest point of the converging. Annular space (2) located locations in the converging annular space (2) lead devices (I3 ₅ i5 »15a ₉ 2i) for the supply of fuel oil to the openings (23) and through 409844/0918 i_. the tubular nozzle (57, 59.61) for the carbon black starting material, which by the middle of the third tube (19) is guided. 2. Soot reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that that the openings (23) extend in a substantially perpendicular to the reactor axis Level. 3. Soot reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that that the openings (2J): ait a plurality of feed lines (15) for the fuel oil are connected, which are arranged in the second annular space (14). 4. Soot reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that the openings (23) with a A plurality of feed lines (21) are connected, which are provided around the second Rinrjraum (14) are. 5 soot reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that that at least three feed lines (15) are provided for the fuel oil. 6. Soot reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that that at least three of the feed lines (21) are provided for the fuel oil. 7 soot reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that that a multiplicity of openings (I5a) are provided in the inner ring (11a), these openings (15a) with the second ring 409844/0918 Space (14) are in communication and lead to openings (23) in the wall of the third tube (19) and that the second annular space (14) at the flow-wise upper end of the burner (1) with a feed device (17) is connected for air. 8. soot reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that that a plurality of openings (15a) is provided in the inner ring (11a), wherein these openings (15a) with the second annular space (14) are connected and lead to openings (23) in the wall of the third tube (9), and that the second annular space (2) at the upper end of the burner (1) in terms of flow with a feed device (17) for air is connected. 9- soot reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that that the openings (23) at an angle with respect to the cross-sectional radius of the reactor arrangement are aligned. 10. Soot reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that that the openings (23) are aligned in the radial direction. "11. Soot reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that that the openings (23) at an angle with respect to the cross-sectional radius of the reactor arrangement are aligned. 12. Soot reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that that fie openings (23) are aligned in the radial direction. 409844/0918 13 soot reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that that the device (9) for issuing a swirl a plurality of rotatable Contains propeller blades which have a pitch angle of 45 to 67 1/2 ° with respect to the axis own the reactor assembly. 14. Soot reactor according to claim 13 _; characterized in that the rotatable propeller blades (9) have a pitch angle of 50 to 60 °. 15 soot reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that that the hollow, truncated cone divergent section of the first annular space (2) at an angle of about 15 to 35 ° with respect to the axis the reactor assembly is inclined. 16. Soot reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that that the hollow, frustoconical, divergent section is inclined at an angle of 20 to 25 against the axis of the Reaktoranordrmng. 17 soot reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that that a combustion chamber (49) is provided which encloses the arrangement and in open communication with a reaction zone (53) of the reactor. 18. Soot reactor according to claim 17, characterized in that that in the combustion chamber (49) openings (50) for the admission of air into the combustion chamber (49) are provided. 19 soot reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that g e k e η η- 409844/0918 draws that the converging cords of the annulus (2) converges at an angle of 10 Ms. 20. Soot reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that that the converging section converges at an angle of 15 to 20 °. 21. Soot reactor according to claim 13 »characterized in that that the converging portion of the annular space (2) at an angle of 10 to converges. 22.- soot reactor according to claim 14, characterized in that that the converging portion of the annular space (2) at an angle of 15 bos converges. 23 black reactor according to claim 21, characterized in that that the hollow, frustoconical divergent section is at an angle of 15 to is inclined to the axis of the assembly. 24-. Soot reactor according to Claim 22, characterized in that that the hollow, frustoconical divergent section is inclined at an angle of 20 to against the axis of the device. 25 · Soot reactor according to the. Claims 1 to 24, characterized in that that the propeller blades (9) are designed to overlap. 26. Soot reactor according to claim ^, characterized g e k e η nz β i c h ri e t that the inner ring (11a) has a ring 409844/0918 shaped circumferential step (21) at the outlet ends the openings (23) has. 27 · Process for the production of carbon black, characterized in that a swirling air flow generally hollow, truncated cone-like shape is formed, which is arranged in the direction of flow against the axis of a in a soot reactor Soot burner diverges, the flow being given a high turbulence number of at least 6, that A heavy fuel oil is distributed in the air stream in the form of a variety of low pressure oil streams Introduced over the circumferential cross-section of the air flow and the oil burned to form a flame and that serving as a starting material for the soot oil in the axial direction of a flow is injected into the reactor below the flame. 28. The method according to claim 27 _? characterized in that the air flow is given a turbulence number of at least 1.0. 409844/0918 Blank page