DE2415808A1 - Surface hardening of dies - used in the extrusion of aluminium alloy sections - Google Patents

Surface hardening of dies - used in the extrusion of aluminium alloy sections

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Publication number
DE2415808A1
DE2415808A1 DE2415808A DE2415808A DE2415808A1 DE 2415808 A1 DE2415808 A1 DE 2415808A1 DE 2415808 A DE2415808 A DE 2415808A DE 2415808 A DE2415808 A DE 2415808A DE 2415808 A1 DE2415808 A1 DE 2415808A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
dies
matrices
extrusion
sodium
bath
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE2415808A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE2415808C3 (en
DE2415808B2 (en
Inventor
Vasile Dipl Ing Badin
Horia Valentin Dipl Ing Crisan
Ovididu Mircea Dipl Ing Popa
Aurel Vlaicu Dipl Ing Popescu
Andrei Dipl Ing Radu
Gheorghe Tomescu
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Inst Cercetare Si Proiectare T
Original Assignee
Inst Cercetare Si Proiectare T
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Inst Cercetare Si Proiectare T filed Critical Inst Cercetare Si Proiectare T
Publication of DE2415808A1 publication Critical patent/DE2415808A1/en
Publication of DE2415808B2 publication Critical patent/DE2415808B2/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE2415808C3 publication Critical patent/DE2415808C3/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/52—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions more than one element being applied in one step
    • C23C8/54—Carbo-nitriding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/40—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions
    • C23C8/52—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using liquids, e.g. salt baths, liquid suspensions more than one element being applied in one step
    • C23C8/54—Carbo-nitriding
    • C23C8/56—Carbo-nitriding of ferrous surfaces

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)

Abstract

Dies used in the extrusion of alumini um alloy sections are surface hardened by treating in a bath, contg. 52-56% urea, 44-48% Na2CO3 and 2-5% activating agent, for 1.5 hrs. at 570 degrees C. The activating agent is 20% hydroxymethano-sodium sulphinate. 30% sodium tetraborate and 50% ferrosilicon. After this treatment, 18-20% Na2CO3 is added, and the dies are kept in the bath for 1 hr. and the water quenched.

Description

Verfahren zur Oberflächenhärtung von Strangpreßmatrizen für Aluminiumprofile Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Oberflächenhärtung von Strangpreßmatrizen für Aluminiumprofile0 Es sind verschiedene Oberflächenhärtungsverfahren für Matrizen für das Profilstrangpressen von Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen bekannt, welche auf der Basis thermochemischer Wirkungen mit vom chemischen Standpunkt aus verschiedenen Mitteln arbeiten. Nachteile der bekannten Verfahren bestehen in der jeweils geringen Dauerhaftigkeit der Härte der behandelten Matrizen. Als Folge tritt ein beschleunigter Verschleiß der Matrizenöffnungen und Abmessungsänderungen auf. Dieser Verschleiß rührt zu einer Verringerung der Strangpreßgeschwindigkeiten, was zu einer ungentigenden Ausnutzung der Pressen führen kann. Weiter tritt nachteilig ein Anhaften des Strangpreßwerkstoffes an der Matrizenwand aufe Aus diesem Grunde muß der Fertigungsprozeß zur Matrizenreinigung unterbrochen werden.Process for surface hardening of extrusion dies for aluminum profiles The invention relates to a method for surface hardening of extrusion dies for aluminum profiles0 There are different surface hardening methods for matrices known for the extrusion of aluminum and aluminum alloys, which on the basis of thermochemical effects with different from the chemical point of view Means work. Disadvantages of the known methods are that they are low in each case Durability of the hardness of the treated dies. As a result, an accelerated occurs Wear of the die openings and dimensional changes. This wear and tear results in a decrease in extrusion speeds, resulting in an undesirable one Exploitation of the presses can result. Another disadvantage is that the extruded material adheres at For this reason, the manufacturing process can be interrupted for die cleaning.

Als Ergebnis dieser Nachteile erhält man Strangpreßteile mit hoher Rauhigkeit, häufig mit tief geritzten Zonen und erhöhten Reibungseffekten, welche während des Strangpressens erscheinen und einen beschleunigten Verschleiss der Teile und einen großen Energieverbrauch zur Folge haben.As a result of these drawbacks, extruded parts are obtained with high Roughness, often with deeply scored zones and increased friction effects, which appear during extrusion and accelerated wear of the parts and result in large energy consumption.

Das Verfahren der Erfindung beseitigt diese Nachteile.The method of the invention overcomes these disadvantages.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist eine Erhöhung der Dauerhaftigkeit der Matrizen und eine qualitative Verbesserung der oberfächengehärteten Schicht.The object of the invention is to increase the durability of the matrices and a qualitative improvement of the surface hardened layer.

Die Erfindung besteht darin, die auf 550° C vorgewärmten Matrizen während einer Zeit von 1,5 Stunden in einem geschmolzenen Salzbad gehalten werden, welches aus 52 - 56 ffi Harnstoff, 44 - 48 ffi Natriumkarbonat und 2 - 5 % eines Aktivierungs-Regenerierungsmittels mit 20 % Hydroxymethannatriumsulfinat, 30 % Natriumtetraborat und Rest Ferrosilizium besteht, daß nachher dem Bad noch 18 - 2o % Natriumkarbonat beigefügt wird, worauf die Matrizen in diesem Bad noch 1 Stunde gehalten werden, worauf dann unter gewöhnlichen Bedingungen eine Abschrekkung durchgeführt wird. Im folgenden wird ein Anwendungsbeispiel des erfindungsgemässen Oberflä¢henhärtungsverfahrens für Strangpreßmatrizen für Profile aus Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen beschrieben.The invention consists in the dies preheated to 550 ° C kept in a molten salt bath for 1.5 hours, which consists of 52 - 56 ffi urea, 44 - 48 ffi sodium carbonate and 2 - 5% one Activation-regenerant with 20% hydroxymethane sodium sulfinate, 30% sodium tetraborate and the remainder of ferrosilicon consists of 18 - 20% sodium carbonate after the bath is added, after which the matrices are kept in this bath for another hour, whereupon a deterrent is then carried out under ordinary conditions. The following is an example of the application of the surface hardening process according to the invention for extrusion dies for profiles made of aluminum and aluminum alloys.

In den Tiegel eines Salzbadofens wird eine Mischung aus 52 - 56 ffi technischem Harnstoff und 44 - 48 % technischem Natrium, welches bei 450 - 4800 Cschmilzt, eingeführt, wobei hinterher noch 2 - 5 ffi eines Aktivierungs- und Regenerierungsmitels, bestehend aus 20 ffi Hydroxymethannatriumsulfinat, 30 ffi Natriumtetraborat und 50 % Ferrosilizium, hinzugefügt und nachf olgend die ganze geschmolzene Mischung auf 570Q C erhitzt wird.A mixture of 52 - 56 ffi technical urea and 44 - 48% technical sodium, which is 450 - 4800 Cmelt, introduced, with 2 - 5 ffi of an activating and regenerating agent afterwards, consisting of 20 ffi hydroxymethane sodium sulfinate, 30 ffi sodium tetraborate and 50% ferrosilicon, added and then the whole molten mixture is heated to 570 ° C.

Die Strangpreßmatrizen für Profile aus Aluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen sind aus Warmarbeitsstählen hergestellt. Nach einer kompletten mechanischen Bearbeitung werden diese in einem alkalischen Bad entfettet, dann auf 550° C vorgewärmt und in das obige Schmlezbad bei einer Temperatur von 570° C eingetaucht. Bei dieser Temperatur werden diese dann 1,5 Stunden heiß gehalten, wobei nachher dem Schmelzbad 18 - 20 % technisches Natriumkarbonat zugefügt wird und die Matrizen noch eine Stunde in diesem Bad gehalten werden. Nach diesem Salzbad in zwei chemischen Wirkungsstufen werden die Matrizen mit Wasser abgekühlt und gespült. Die auf diese Weise gehärteten Matrizen werden nicht mehr bearbeitet, weil Verformungen praktisch ausgeschlossen sind. Durch die Anwendung des Oberflächenhärtungsverfahrens der Matrizen unter den beschriebenen Bedingungen wird eine gehärtete Schicht mit einer komplexen Struktur erhalten, dessen Zonen eine Gesamtstärke von 0,20.....0,35 mm haben.The extrusion dies for profiles made of aluminum and aluminum alloys are made of hot work steels. After a complete mechanical processing these are degreased in an alkaline bath, then preheated to 550 ° C and immersed in the above melt bath at a temperature of 570 ° C. At this This temperature is then kept hot for 1.5 hours, after which the molten bath 18-20% technical sodium carbonate is added and the matrices for another hour be kept in this bath. After this salt bath in two chemical action levels the matrices are cooled with water and rinsed. The hardened in this way Matrices are no longer processed because deformations are practically impossible are. By using the surface hardening process of the matrices under the conditions described, a hardened layer with a complex structure obtained whose zones have a total thickness of 0.20 ..... 0.35 mm.

Die erzeugte schicht ist durchlaufend einfbrmig ohne Unterbrechungs--und Abtrennungszonen oder spröde Abscheidungsphasen. Das Härtungsverfahren gemäß der Erfindung weist folgende Vorteile auf: - Erhöhung der Dauerhaftigkeit der Matrizen - Erhöhung der Strangpreßgeschwindigkeiten - Anhaftungsverhütung des Srtangpreßwerkstoffes an der Matrize - Rauhigkeitsverminderung und Ausschluß von Oberflächenritzzonen an den stranggepreßten Teilen.The layer created is monotonous throughout without interruption and Separation zones or brittle separation phases. The hardening process according to invention has the following advantages: - Increased durability of dies - increase of extrusion speeds - adhesion prevention of the Extruded material on the die - roughness reduction and exclusion of Surface scoring zones on the extruded parts.

Claims (1)

PatentanspruchClaim Verfahren zur Oberflächenhärtung von Strangpreßmatrizen für Aluminiumprofile, bei dem diese in ein Schmelzsalz-Bad, bestehend aus Harnstoff und Natriumkarbonat bei 570° C getaucht und gehalten werden, wonach die Matrizen in Wasser gekühlt und dann gespült werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man zum Zwecke einer Dauerhaftigkeitserhöhung der Matrizen und einer Verbesserung der gehärteten Oberflächenschicht diese Matrizen einer 1,5 stündigen Standzeit der auf 550° C vorgewärmten Matrizen in einem aus 52 - 56 % Harnstoff, 44 - 48 % Natriumkarbonat und 2 - 5 ffi Aktivierungs- und Regenerierungsmittel, welche 20 Hydroxymethannatriumsulfinat, 5o % Natriumtetraborat und Rest Ferrosilizium enthalten, bestehendem Bad unterwirft, welchem dann noch 18 - 20 ffi Natriumkarbonat beigefügt wird, worauf die Matrizen noch einer Standzeit von einer Stunde unterworfen werden, wobei die KUhlung unter gewöhnlichen Bedingungen durchgeführt wrd.Process for surface hardening of extrusion dies for aluminum profiles, in which these in a molten salt bath, consisting of urea and sodium carbonate immersed and held at 570 ° C, after which the matrices are cooled in water and are then rinsed, characterized in that one for the purpose of increasing durability of the matrices and an improvement in the hardened surface layer of these matrices a 1.5 hour dwell time of the dies preheated to 550 ° C in one 52 - 56% urea, 44 - 48% sodium carbonate and 2 - 5 ffi activating and regenerating agents, which 20% hydroxymethane sodium sulfinate, 5o% sodium tetraborate and the remainder ferrosilicon contained, subject to an existing bath, to which then 18-20 ffi of sodium carbonate is added, whereupon the dies are subjected to a standing time of one hour the cooling is carried out under normal conditions.
DE19742415808 1973-04-12 1974-04-01 Process for surface hardening of extrusion dies for aluminum profiles Expired DE2415808C3 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RO7445573 1973-04-12
RO74455A RO57804A2 (en) 1973-04-12 1973-04-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE2415808A1 true DE2415808A1 (en) 1974-10-24
DE2415808B2 DE2415808B2 (en) 1976-07-29
DE2415808C3 DE2415808C3 (en) 1977-03-10

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE813433A (en) 1974-07-31
IL44606A0 (en) 1974-06-30
RO57804A2 (en) 1975-02-15
DE2415808B2 (en) 1976-07-29
IL44606A (en) 1976-08-31

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C3 Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication)
E77 Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977
8339 Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee