DE2408624C3 - Insulation and sealing material - Google Patents

Description

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For the production of insulation and sealing materials A number of inorganic and organic natural and synthetic products are used. The requirements placed on these materials, in particular, are that they last for longer periods of time are temperature resistant, where they have to withstand temperatures of up to 800 to 1100 C without to sinter or become brittle.

Many of the known synthetic fiber materials, which are in particular compounds containing carbon and silicon, are resistant ^{up to 200 ° C.} Asbestos and glass materials are able to withstand permanent temperatures of 400 to 600 ° C. Also known are synthetic high-polymer products, mostly nitrogen-containing compounds with imide and imine groups, which are added in particular to asbestos and glass fibers, but which are cracked or charred when exposed to permanent temperatures. Seals made of graphite yarns are also known, but they cannot be used in oxidizing atmospheres.

The known fiber-like materials suitable for spinning and weaving have the common disadvantage that with permanent temperature effects of more than 500 to 600 ^° C., damage occurs relatively quickly due to physical and / or chemical influences.

In the case of exposure to high temperatures (800 to 1200 ^° C.), alumina silicate wool has proven to be relatively resistant, which can be exposed to even somewhat higher temperatures without impairing its properties. However, such wool can only be used in the form of pressed or quilted mats.

The invention has set itself the task of providing the use of fibers from which, by spinning or weaving, insulation and sealing materials can be produced that are able to withstand high-temperature long-term effects, ie temperatures that are in particular between 600 and 100O ⁰ C and up to 110 (1 ¹ C. The insulation and sealing materials to be produced by spinning and interweaving should be, in particular, cords, braids, packings, braided yarns and fabrics.

The high-temperature-resistant alumina silicate fibers known up to now can be used in the same way as lower-melting ones Glass fibers or slag fibers are therefore not spun and woven, as they have very short fibers and are brittle, the latter property being easy to break during processing.

The invention is based on the surprising finding that aluminosilicate fibers made of molten Kaolin has been blown together with asbestos fibers to produce high temperature resistant Insulation and sealing materials. in particular in the form of cords, braids, packings, braided yarns and fabrics can be without the disadvantages described above occurring.

DT-AS 1219 378 describes a kind of foam asbestos or pore asbestos, while DL-PS 71 344 describes yarns, cords or similar products based on glass fibers, whereby the glass fibers consist of a certain defined glass composition, which, however, consists of the aluminosilicate fibers specified according to the invention are different, has to the content. Due to the differences between the subjects of these two literature references, there was no indication of the use of aluminosilicate fibers, which have been blown from molten kaolin, for the production of high-temperature-resistant asbestos insulation and sealing materials which can withstand temperatures of up to 800 to HOO ^{0 for longer periods of time} Be able to withstand C without sintering or becoming brittle.

The aluminosilicate fibers used according to the invention, which have been blown from molten kaolin are, this term encompassing both natural and synthetic kaolin, chemically set like follows together:

Aluminum oxide, Al ₂ O ₃ 43 to 47%

Silicon oxide, SiO ₃ 50 to 54%

Iron oxide, Fe ₂ O, 0.8 to 1.8 »/ 0

Titanium dioxide, TiO ₂ 1.2 to 3.5%

Magnesium oxide, traces of MgO

Calcium oxide, CaO 0.1 to 1.0%

Alkalis, such as Na ₂ O 0.2 to 2.0%

Boric anhydride, B ₂ O ₃ 0.06 to 0.1%

Traces of inorganic constituents 0.2 to 0.3%

The main physical properties of these fibers are as follows:

Average fiber diameter

2.8 µ

Fiber length up to 250 mm,

an average of 100 mm

Specific gravity 2.56

Specific heat at 980 ⁰ C 0.255

Tensile strength 1.4 x 10 ⁴ kg / cm ²

Young's modulus 12.8 · OK ⁵ kg / cm ²

Melting point 1760 ^° C.

Hardness 6 on the

Mohs scale packing density 48 to 192 kg / cm ³

More details about these fibers can be found in mino-silicate fibers. For temperature loads

in the prospectus labeled "Triton Kaowool" from about 600 to 800 "C, the mixing ratio

from Morganite Ceramic Fibers Limited, large alumino-silicate fibers to asbestos fibers 50:50 or

britain. 60:40, especially when it's on tine

Preferably, the aluminosilicate fibers are produced in 5 additional mechanical strength

an amount of at least 50% insulation and sealing materials with asbestos fibers arrives. in the

processed. If necessary, Zeil can also be used.

Fabric fibers can be obtained in an amount of 2 to 20%, based on a 90:10 mixture.

the total mixture of aluminosilicate fibers and besides the mentioned addition of cellulose fibers

Asbestos fibers. Roughly in the same io or synthetic fibers to increase the strength of the

Quantities can also include cotton, rayon or insulation and sealing materials

Synthetic fibers, for example acrylic fibers, tensile pile laying down dispersions of plastics or

be mixed. Such an admixture makes it easier for graphite dispersions to be sprayed on, which also

spinning, interweaving or twisting and offers a consolidation of the manufactured materials

the further advantage that these fibers act in the finished 15. These dispersions can optionally

Insulation and sealing materials also contain a binding agent for the one,

the effect of higher temperatures melt or if particularly high strengths of the insulation

even char, which creates a binding effect and requires sealing materials, for example in

without the sealing and insulation expansion joints of exhaust pipes, then the

properties are deteriorated. ao strength due to the twisting of metal cores

The invention will for the first time significantly improve the possibility. AJs such metal souls

created, spun, woven or twisted come, for example, brass, nickel or steel

Manufacture insulation and sealing materials that are so important to us.

Withstand permanent temperature effects of up to HOO ⁵ C. Another advantage of the invention when using alumino-silicate fibers for manufacturing without losing their original properties. For example, according to the invention, an insulation material can be achieved if these fibers are very resistant and sealing material is produced in such a way as to oppose most of the acidic and alkaline chemicals aluminosilicate fibers of the type mentioned, with kalien like them The fiber diameters between 2 and 6 μm act on such materials in the usual way.

because of, a sifting and loosening in a Krem- The following examples illustrate the invention: pelwolf, in which case the

Treatment is to be carried out a little more carefully than B eis ρ ie 1 1 when processing asbestos fibers accordingly, whereupon asbestos fibers, preferably of the quality 35 50 parts by weight of aluminosilicate fibers of type A class CIG 1, are added. With a fiber length of about 40 mm, the content of aluminum 50 parts by weight of asbestos fibers C + G 1 and 5 Ge silicate fibers is at least 50%. The length of asbestos- parts by weight of cotton mixed up. The mixture runs fibers is preferably 2 to 3 cm. With shorter lengths well over the card and results in a roving (about asbestos fiber lengths, an admixture of 4 ° 1.2 doubled is recommended). The doubled roving runs well over the cotton fibers, which even with asbestos contents under flyers, whereby a yarn with the following values 30% is to be made. In the case of cotton blends:
from 15 to 20% the asbestos content can be reduced to 25 to 20%

lowered and a correspondingly higher proportion of weight, 1.5 g / m

Silicate fibers can be achieved. 45 tensile strength 2 kg / cm »

The mixture produced as homogeneous as possible is elongation 10 to; _12/0

on a card to an even, loose glow loss 20.9 / ₀

and laid out a very thin pile, which is slightly pressed onto it. Using Florteilern This yarn is corresponding to an asbestos yarn of Haner in strips of 20 to 30 mm divided, which trade Q then 50, but it has a temperature-resistant By Nitschelvorrichtung another encryption ness of 1000 ⁰ C. fortification in the form of a narrow band or Yarn Example 2 was obtained. The strips preferably weigh 0.6 g each

running meter. In the procedure described, 70 parts of aluminosilicate fibers with one fiber length the feed, running and take-off speeds are 55 of 40 mm, 30 parts of asbestos fibers C + G 1 as well in the most varied of work stages, preferably 5 parts of rayon are mixed together. According to the sign-like To regulate that any distortion is prevented. A yarn with the following properties is used will. stocks received:

The mentioned asbestos types C + G1 are suitable weight 14 g / m

particularly good because they have a tensile strength of 15 kg / cm ^{2 on their fiber surfaces}

have rich barbs which have a good tooth elongation 107

with the aluminosilicate fibers. Pre-ignition loss 157

the mixing ratio of the long-term temperature resistance "."

up to 80:20. The mixing ratio is based on 65 B e i s d i e 1 3 essentially according to the required temperature resistance. The higher the temperature resistance 80 parts of aluminosilicate fibers with a length of should be, the higher the proportion of aluminum will be 60 mm with 20 parts of asbestos fibers C + G 1

mixed and processed in the manner described to a yarn with the following properties:

Weight 0.7 g / m

Tear strength 0.6 kg / cm ^:

Elongation 5%

Long-term temperature resistance 1050 ° C

Meuil souls can be grown in this yarn to increase its strength.

Example 4

The yarns of Examples 1 and 2 become woven fabrics

spun with a weight per square meter of about 900 g / m ^2. The fabric obtained is exposed in a muffle furnace at a temperature of 800 ° C. for a period of 24 hours.

After this temperature treatment, the tissue is completely intact, with no brittleness

ίο and fibrousness is determined. The tear strength is reduced by about 20% compared to the tear strength before the heat treatment.

Claims (4)

Patent claims: 1. Use of aluminosilicate fibers. the blown from molten kaolin together with asbestos fibers to make high temperature resistant insulation and sealing materials, especially in the form of cords, Braids, wraps, braided yarns and fabrics. 2. Use of A'umino silicate fibers in an amount of at least 50 ° _o of the total amount. 3. Use according to claim 1 or 2, together with 2 to 20% foreign fibers, in particular Cellulose fibers or plastic core. 4. Use according to claim 1 to 3.2: together with up to 20% graphite or metal fibers.