DE2406121A1 - ACTIVATED CHARCOAL ENCLOSED BY A POLYMER - Google Patents
ACTIVATED CHARCOAL ENCLOSED BY A POLYMERInfo
- Publication number
- DE2406121A1 DE2406121A1 DE19742406121 DE2406121A DE2406121A1 DE 2406121 A1 DE2406121 A1 DE 2406121A1 DE 19742406121 DE19742406121 DE 19742406121 DE 2406121 A DE2406121 A DE 2406121A DE 2406121 A1 DE2406121 A1 DE 2406121A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- acrylic acid
- mol
- activated carbon
- enclosed
- polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
- A61K33/44—Elemental carbon, e.g. charcoal, carbon black
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5005—Wall or coating material
- A61K9/5021—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/5026—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
- B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3242—Layers with a functional group, e.g. an affinity material, a ligand, a reactant or a complexing group
- B01J20/3268—Macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/3276—Copolymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/354—After-treatment
- C01B32/372—Coating; Grafting; Microencapsulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/354—After-treatment
- C01B32/382—Making shaped products, e.g. fibres, spheres, membranes or foam
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Description
DR. MÜLLER-BORE Dipl.-ING. 3Π0ΕΝ' NG UIPL.-CHEM. DR. DEUFELDR. MÜLLER-BORE Dipl.-ING. 3Π0ΕΝ 'NG UIPL.-CHEM. DR. DEUFEL
DIPL.-CHEM. DR. SCHÖN Dl PL.-PHYS. H ERTE L *) / Π £ 1 ODIPL.-CHEM. DR. SCHÖN DI PL.-PHYS. H ERTE L *) / Π £ 1 O
PATENTANWÄLTE Ä H U U L PATENT LAWYERS Ä HUU L
S/S 89-1S / S 89-1
SANDOZ LTD.
Basel / SchweizSANDOZ LTD.
Basel, Switzerland
Von einem Polymeren umschlossene Aktivkohle Activated carbon enclosed in a polymer
Die Erfindung betrifft von einem Polymeren umschlossene Aktivkohle. Insbesondere befaßt sich die Erfindung mit einer Aktivkohle, die von Copolymeren aus Acrylsäure und Styrol oder Copolymeren aus Acrylsäure und Acrylnitril umschlossen ist sowie mit ihrer Verwendung zur Entfernung von urämischen Toxinen aus den Darmtrakt.The invention relates to activated carbon enclosed by a polymer. In particular, the invention is concerned with an activated carbon enclosed by copolymers of acrylic acid and styrene or copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylonitrile is as well as its use to remove uremic toxins from the intestinal tract.
Es ist bekannt> daß Aktivkohle in vitro organische urämische Toxine aufgrund der Tatsache zu entfernen vermag, daß sie dazu in der Lage ist, dialysierendes Fluid in künstlichen Nierengängen mit niedrigem Volumen zu regenerieren. Aktivkohle vermag jedoch nicht in vivo urämische Toxine zu entfernen, da andere Substanzen, die in den Darmfluids vorliegen, die Sorptionsstellen auf der Aktivkohle erschöpfen. It is known that activated carbon is organic uremic in vitro Able to remove toxins due to the fact that it is capable of dialyzing fluid in artificial kidney ducts to regenerate with low volume. However, activated charcoal cannot remove uremic toxins in vivo, as others Substances present in the intestinal fluids deplete the sorption sites on the activated carbon.
409833/0827409833/0827
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist daher die Schaffung einer von einem Polymeren eingeschlossenen Aktivkohle, welche urämische Toxine in dem Darmtrakt zu entfernen vermag.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a polymer-entrapped activated carbon which contains uremic toxins able to remove in the intestinal tract.
Die neue, von Polymeren eingeschlossene Aktivkohle gemäß vorliegender Erfindung besteht aus einer Aktivkohle, die von einem hydrophilen, geladenen polymeren Film umschlossen ist. Der polymere Film setzt sich aus einem Copolymeren aus Acrylsäure und Styrol oder aus einem Copolymeren aus Acrylsäure und Acrylnitril zusammen. Diese Copolymeren können nach üblichen Methoden hergestellt werden, beispielsweise durch Polymerisation in Masse oder durch Polymerisation in Lösung.The new polymer-entrapped activated carbon according to the present invention Invention consists of an activated carbon which is enclosed by a hydrophilic, charged polymeric film. Of the polymeric film is composed of a copolymer of acrylic acid and styrene or of a copolymer of acrylic acid and acrylonitrile together. These copolymers can be prepared by customary methods, for example by bulk polymerization or by polymerization in solution.
Das Acrylsäure/Styrol-Copolymere kann ungefähr 5 bis 50 Mol-% Acrylsäure und vorzugsweise 25 bis 35 Mol-% Acrylsäure enthalten. Das Acrylsäure/Acrylnitril-Copolymere kann ungefähr 2 bis 60 Mol-% Acrylsäure und vorzugsweise 30 bis 40 Mol-% Acrylsäure enthalten. Die Porengröße der polymeren Filme ist derartig, daß sie vorzugsweise einen Durchgang der orämischen Toxine, beispielsweise von Kreatinin und Harnsäure, durch die Poren gestattet, so daß diese Toxine an der Aktivkohle sorbiert werden können, während der Durchgang von solchen Substanzen verhindert wird, welche die aktivierten Kohlenstoffsorptionssteilen erschöpfen.The acrylic acid / styrene copolymer can be about 5 to 50 mol% Acrylic acid and preferably contain 25 to 35 mol% acrylic acid. The acrylic acid / acrylonitrile copolymer can be about 2 to 60% Contain mol% acrylic acid and preferably 30 to 40 mol% acrylic acid. The pore size of the polymeric films is such that they preferably a passage of the oremic toxins, for example of creatinine and uric acid, allowed through the pores so that these toxins can be sorbed on the activated carbon, while preventing the passage of those substances which exhaust the activated carbon sorbent moieties.
Polymere Filme aus Copolymeren aus Acrylsäure und Styrol, die weniger als 5 Mol-% Acrylsäure enthalten, sowie polymere Filme aus Copolymeren aus Acrylsäure und Acrylnitril, die weniger als 2 Mol-% Acrylsäure enthalten, neigen dazu, brüchig zu werden, so daß sie als Umhüllungs- oder Einkapselungsmaterialxen unbefriedigend sind.Polymeric films made from copolymers of acrylic acid and styrene that contain less than 5 mol% acrylic acid, as well as polymeric films from copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylonitrile, which contain less than 2 mol% acrylic acid, tend to become brittle, so that they are unsatisfactory as wrapping or encapsulating materials.
Polymere Filme aus Copolymeren aus Acrylsäure und Styrol, die mehr als 50 Mol-% Acrylsäure enthalten, sowie polymere Filme aus Copolymeren aus Acrylsäure und Acrylnitril, die mehr als 60 Mol-% Acrylsäure enthalten, neigen zu einer Bildung löslicherPolymeric films made from copolymers of acrylic acid and styrene containing more than 50 mol% acrylic acid, as well as polymeric films from copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylonitrile which contain more than 60 mol% acrylic acid tend to form more soluble ones
409833/0827409833/0827
Alkalisalze der Copolymeren und sind daher als Einkapselungsmaterialien ungeeignet.Alkali salts of the copolymers and are therefore used as encapsulating materials not suitable.
Die poiymeren Filme aus Copolymeren aus Acrylsäure und Styrol sollten daher ungefähr 5 Mol-% bis ungefähr 5O Mol-%, vorzugsweise jedoch ungefähr 25 Mol-% bis ungefähr 35 Mol-% Acrylsäure enthalten. In ähnlicher Weise sollten die polymeren Filme aus Copolymeren aus Acrylsäure und Acrylnitril ungefähr 2 Mol-% bis ungefähr 6O Mol-% und vorzugsweise ungefähr 30 Mol-% bis ungefähr 40 Mol-% Acrylsäure enthalten.The polymeric films made from copolymers of acrylic acid and styrene should therefore about 5 mol% to about 50 mol%, preferably but about 25 mole percent to about 35 mole percent acrylic acid contain. Similarly, the polymeric films made from copolymers of acrylic acid and acrylonitrile should be approximately 2 mol% to about 60 mole percent, and preferably about 30 mole percent to about Contains 40 mol% acrylic acid.
Ein Copolymerfilm aus Acrylsäure und Styrol mit 24,7 Mol-% Acrylsäure und einer Filmdicke von 17,3 u (Of68 mils) (in feuchtem Zustand) wird aus Aceton vergossen und in einem Dialysator zur Bestimmung der Durchlässigkeit des Films gegenüber verschiedenen Materialien getestet. Die Ergebnisse sind in der folgenden Tabelle zusammengefaßt:A copolymer film of acrylic acid and styrene with 24.7 mol% acrylic acid and a film thickness of 17.3 µm (O f 68 mils) (when wet) is cast from acetone and placed in a dialyzer to determine the permeability of the film to various materials tested. The results are summarized in the following table:
Diffusionsvermögen, Gelöste Substanz 1Q-7 χ cm2 χ -1Diffusivity, dissolved substance 1Q -7 χ cm 2 χ -1
Harnstoff 8,5Urea 8.5
Kreatinin 7,5Creatinine 7.5
Glucose 4,3Glucose 4.3
NaCl 1,5 Natriumacetat 0NaCl 1.5 sodium acetate 0
Natriumeitrat OSodium citrate O
Natriumoleat OSodium oleate O
Die vorstehenden Ergebnisse zeigen die Durchlässigkeit eines erfindungsgemäßen Films. Es ist darauf hinzuweisen, daß dieser Film einen Durchgang von Kreatinin und Harnstoff ermöglicht, jedoch den Durchtritt von Natriumacetat, Natriumeitrat und Natriumoleat verhindert.The above results show the permeability of a film of the present invention. It should be noted that this Film allows the passage of creatinine and urea, but allows the passage of sodium acetate, and sodium citrate Prevents sodium oleate.
4 0 9 8 3 3/08274 0 9 8 3 3/0827
Claims (6)
Acrylsäure enthält.5. activated carbon according to claim 2, characterized in that the acrylic acid / acrylonitrile copolymer film 2 mol% to 60 mol%
Contains acrylic acid.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US33115273A | 1973-02-09 | 1973-02-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2406121A1 true DE2406121A1 (en) | 1974-08-15 |
Family
ID=23292827
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19742406121 Pending DE2406121A1 (en) | 1973-02-09 | 1974-02-08 | ACTIVATED CHARCOAL ENCLOSED BY A POLYMER |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS49112897A (en) |
BE (1) | BE810730A (en) |
CA (1) | CA1025355A (en) |
DD (1) | DD109363A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2406121A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES423054A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2217011B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1466702A (en) |
IT (1) | IT1048165B (en) |
NL (1) | NL7401542A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2627824A1 (en) * | 1975-06-23 | 1977-01-13 | Eisai Co Ltd | COATED SPHERICAL CHARCOAL FOR BLOOD CLEANSING |
DE3801457A1 (en) * | 1988-01-20 | 1989-08-03 | Hasso Von Bluecher | Activated carbon having high abrasion resistance and low moisture sensitivity |
DE4036354A1 (en) * | 1990-11-15 | 1992-05-21 | Hasso Von Bluecher | Removing solvent vapour from off-gases contg. oil, grease etc. - by passing the gas through a wide-pore adsorption filter and then through a fine-pore adsorbent |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5361589A (en) * | 1976-11-16 | 1978-06-02 | Taiyo Kaken Co | Purdfied active carbon |
JPS5542210A (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1980-03-25 | Koichi Ogawa | Special activated carbon |
BE1005999A4 (en) * | 1992-06-19 | 1994-04-12 | Leuven K U Res & Dev | Absorbent FOR CULTURE MEDIUM AND ITS ANTICIPATED HOLDER. |
US6706287B2 (en) * | 2001-05-15 | 2004-03-16 | Kibow Biotech Inc. | Prebiotic and probiotic compositions and methods for their use in gut-based therapies |
US6270755B1 (en) * | 1999-05-13 | 2001-08-07 | Geltex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Anionic polymers as toxin binders |
EP1800686A3 (en) * | 1999-05-13 | 2009-12-30 | Genzyme Corporation | Anionic polymers as toxin binders and antibacterial agents |
US6290946B1 (en) | 1999-05-13 | 2001-09-18 | Geltex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Anionic polymers as toxin binders and antibacterial agents |
CA2314494A1 (en) | 2000-05-02 | 2001-11-02 | Geltex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Anionic polymers as species specific antibacterial agents |
WO2005105068A1 (en) * | 2004-04-15 | 2005-11-10 | Dow Global Technologies Inc. | In vivo stimulation of intestinal transporters for excretion of nitrogenous wastes |
US20090155508A1 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2009-06-18 | Pactiv Corporation | Encapsulated Activated Carbon and the Preparation Thereof |
DE102013021957A1 (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2015-06-25 | Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland Gmbh | Method for removing protein-bound uremic toxins by adsorption to dialyzable excipients |
GB2527288A (en) * | 2014-06-11 | 2015-12-23 | Imp Innovations Ltd | Functionalised material |
DE102017113853A1 (en) | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | B. Braun Avitum Ag | Hemocompatible adsorbent for dialysis of protein-bound uremic toxins |
-
1974
- 1974-02-05 GB GB530374A patent/GB1466702A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-02-05 NL NL7401542A patent/NL7401542A/xx unknown
- 1974-02-07 JP JP49014990A patent/JPS49112897A/ja active Pending
- 1974-02-07 DD DD176442A patent/DD109363A5/xx unknown
- 1974-02-07 BE BE140654A patent/BE810730A/en unknown
- 1974-02-07 FR FR7404158A patent/FR2217011B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-02-08 IT IT20321/74A patent/IT1048165B/en active
- 1974-02-08 DE DE19742406121 patent/DE2406121A1/en active Pending
- 1974-02-08 ES ES423054A patent/ES423054A1/en not_active Expired
- 1974-02-08 CA CA192,104A patent/CA1025355A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2627824A1 (en) * | 1975-06-23 | 1977-01-13 | Eisai Co Ltd | COATED SPHERICAL CHARCOAL FOR BLOOD CLEANSING |
DE3801457A1 (en) * | 1988-01-20 | 1989-08-03 | Hasso Von Bluecher | Activated carbon having high abrasion resistance and low moisture sensitivity |
DE4036354A1 (en) * | 1990-11-15 | 1992-05-21 | Hasso Von Bluecher | Removing solvent vapour from off-gases contg. oil, grease etc. - by passing the gas through a wide-pore adsorption filter and then through a fine-pore adsorbent |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS49112897A (en) | 1974-10-28 |
GB1466702A (en) | 1977-03-09 |
BE810730A (en) | 1974-05-29 |
IT1048165B (en) | 1980-11-20 |
ES423054A1 (en) | 1977-03-01 |
NL7401542A (en) | 1974-08-13 |
FR2217011A1 (en) | 1974-09-06 |
DD109363A5 (en) | 1974-11-05 |
CA1025355A (en) | 1978-01-31 |
FR2217011B1 (en) | 1977-05-06 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
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OHJ | Non-payment of the annual fee |