DE23906C - Innovation in galvanic elements - Google Patents
Innovation in galvanic elementsInfo
- Publication number
- DE23906C DE23906C DENDAT23906D DE23906DA DE23906C DE 23906 C DE23906 C DE 23906C DE NDAT23906 D DENDAT23906 D DE NDAT23906D DE 23906D A DE23906D A DE 23906DA DE 23906 C DE23906 C DE 23906C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- amalgam
- innovation
- galvanic elements
- elements
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000567 Amalgam (chemistry) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000001519 tissues Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001023 sodium amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000497 Amalgam Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000899 Gutta-Percha Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000588 Gutta-percha Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000000342 Palaquium gutta Species 0.000 description 1
- DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Stearin Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC DCXXMTOCNZCJGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0002—Aqueous electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0473—Filling tube-or pockets type electrodes; Applying active mass in cup-shaped terminals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/40—Alloys based on alkali metals
- H01M4/405—Alloys based on lithium
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/76—Containers for holding the active material, e.g. tubes, capsules
- H01M4/765—Tubular type or pencil type electrodes; tubular or multitubular sheaths or covers of insulating material for said tubular-type electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
PATENTSCHRIFTPATENT LETTERING
KLASSE 21: Elektrische Apparate.CLASS 21: Electrical apparatus.
Dr. ARON BERNSTEIN in BERLIN. Neuerung an galvanischen Elementen.Dr. ARON BERNSTEIN in BERLIN. Innovation in galvanic elements.
Patentirt im Deutschen Reiche vom 16. September 1882 ab.Patented in the German Empire on September 16, 1882.
Es ist seit längerer Zeit bekannt, dafs durch Verwendung eines Amalgams eines Alkalimetalles als Elektrode ein galvanisches Element von bedeutender Wirksamkeit hergestellt werden kann. Elemente dieser Art haben aber bisher eine praktische Verwendung nicht finden können, weil einerseits das Amalgam sich sehr leicht zersetzt, und andererseits Einrichtungen, wie sie bei früheren, für rein theoretische Zwecke angestellten Versuchen getroffen wurden und einigermafsen zur Abhülfe des letzterwähnten Uebelstandes geeignet wären, einen aufserordentlich hohen inneren Widerstand zur Folge haben. Die Verwendung solcher Elemente zu praktischen Zwecken soll auf folgende Weise ermöglicht werden.It has long been known that by using an amalgam of an alkali metal a galvanic element of considerable effectiveness can be made as an electrode. However, elements of this type have so far not been able to find practical use, because on the one hand the amalgam decomposes very easily, and on the other hand facilities such as they were made in earlier experiments carried out for purely theoretical purposes and would be to some extent suitable for remedying the last-mentioned condition, one extraordinary result in high internal resistance. The use of such elements for practical purposes is intended to enable the following way will.
Man bringt das Natrium- bezw. Kaliumamalgam, in welches ein Leitungsdraht aus Kupfer oder anderem geeigneten Metall fest eingeschmolzen worden ist, in ein Säckchen oder überhaupt in eine Umhüllung, die aus einem von der zu benutzenden Erregungsflüssigkeit nicht angreifbaren Stoff besteht. Als solcher können Verwendung finden Leinwand und Baumwollenzeug, sowie andere aus vegetabilischen Fasern angefertigte, hinreichend dichte Gewebe. Das Säckchen oder die Umhüllung wird um den Leitungsdraht herum mittelst einer Schnur fest zusammengezogen und zweckmäfsiger Weise an dieser Stelle mit einem Ueberzug von Stearin, Paraffin, Harz oder einer anderen ähnlichen Substanz versehen, um hier ein Aufsaugen von Flüssigkeit zu vermeiden. Schliefslich tränkt man die Hülle mit einer 30 bis 50 procentigen Natronoder Kalilange und läfst sie alsdann trocknen. Dadurch wird das Gewebe so dicht, dafs es die Oxydation des Amalgams durch den Einflufs der Luft, insbesondere während des Nichtgebrauches des Elementes, in wirksamer Weise zu hindern vermag, während es andererseits dem galvanischen Strom nur unbedeutenden Widerstand bietet.One brings the sodium resp. Potassium amalgam in which a copper wire or other suitable metal has been firmly melted down, in a sachet or at all in an envelope that is made of one of the excitation fluid to be used is not attackable Substance is made. As such, canvas and cotton items can be used, as well as other sufficiently dense fabrics made from vegetable fibers. The bag or the sheath is tightly drawn together around the lead wire by means of a cord and expediently at this point with a coating of stearin, paraffin, Resin or other similar substance provided to absorb liquid here to avoid. Finally you soak the casing with a 30 to 50 percent soda or soda Potash for a long time and then let them dry. This makes the tissue so dense that it Oxidation of the amalgam due to the influence of air, especially when not in use of the element is able to effectively prevent it, while on the other hand it is only insignificant to the galvanic current Offers resistance.
Die so hergestellte und umhüllte Amalgamplatte, welche die positive Elektrode des Elementes bildet, bringt man in innige Berührung mit der negativen Elektrode und taucht dann beide in die Erregungsflüssigkeit. Verwendet man als negative Elektrode Kupfer, so ist, wie bei dem DanielPschen Elemente, eine concentrirte Lösung von Kupfervitriol angezeigt, der man zur Erhaltung der Concentration noch Krystalle desselben Salzes hinzufügt. Soll dagegen eine Kohlenplatte benutzt werden, so feuchtet man diese zunächst mit verdünnter Salpetersäure an und bringt sie dann mit der umhüllten Amalgamplatte in schwache Natronlauge. Es würden sich übrigens auch andere Körper als negative Elektrode und andere Lösungen als Erregungsflüssigkeit verwenden lassen, vorausgesetzt, dafs letztere die das Diaphragma des Elementes bildende Umhüllung der Amalgamplatte nicht angreifen.The amalgam plate thus produced and covered, which is the positive electrode of the element forms, one brings into intimate contact with the negative electrode and then dips both in the excitation fluid. If one uses copper as the negative electrode, then how in the DanielP element, one concentrated Solution of vitriol indicated, which one still needs to maintain the concentration Add crystals of the same salt. If, on the other hand, a carbon plate is to be used, then so you first moisten this with dilute nitric acid and then bring it with the coated amalgam plate in weak sodium hydroxide solution. Incidentally, others would too Have the body used as a negative electrode and other solutions as the excitation fluid, provided that the latter is the covering of the amalgam plate which forms the diaphragm of the element do not attack.
In Beziehung auf die Form des Elementes hat sich als besonders zweckmäfsig die horizontale Anordnung der Elektroden herausgestellt. Legt man z. B. in ein flaches Gefäfs aus GlasIn relation to the form of the element, the horizontal one has proven to be particularly useful Arrangement of the electrodes exposed. If you put z. B. in a flat glass jar
oder Guttapercha etc. eine Kohlenplatte oder eine mit Füfschen versehene Kupferscheibe und darauf die umhüllte Amalgamplatte, und füllt dann das Gefäfs so weit mit Flüssigkeit, dafs nur die untere Seite des Amalgams benetzt wird, so erzielt man damit ein Element von einem für seine Wirkung geringen Umfang, und aufserdem erreicht man dadurch in der einfachsten Weise zwischen den Elektroden und dem Diaphragma die innige Berührung, durch welche die möglichste Verringerung des inneren Widerstandes des Elementes herbeigeführt wird. Zweckmäfsig ist es dabei, in die Kupferplatte einige Löcher zu bohren, um den Zutritt der Flüssigkeit zu den Berührungsflächen zu erleichtern. or gutta-percha, etc., a carbon plate or a copper washer provided with feet and then the covered amalgam plate, and then fills the vessel with liquid to the extent that it is if only the lower side of the amalgam is wetted, an element of to a small extent for its effect, and besides, one achieves thereby in the simplest way Establish intimate contact between the electrodes and the diaphragm, through which the greatest possible reduction in the internal resistance of the element is brought about. It is useful to drill a few holes in the copper plate to prevent the Fluid to facilitate the contact surfaces.
Die Verbindung zweier oder mehrerer solcher Elemente zu einer Batterie bedarf keiner Erläuterung, da dieselbe in bekannter Weise ausgeführt wird.The connection of two or more such elements to a battery requires no explanation, since the same is carried out in a known manner.
Claims (1)
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE23906C true DE23906C (en) |
Family
ID=300432
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DENDAT23906D Active DE23906C (en) | Innovation in galvanic elements |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE23906C (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE929560C (en) * | 1948-07-30 | 1955-06-30 | Helmut Jedlicka | Galvanic element |
DE936699C (en) * | 1949-05-12 | 1955-12-22 | Helmut Jedlicka | Galvanic element |
-
0
- DE DENDAT23906D patent/DE23906C/en active Active
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE929560C (en) * | 1948-07-30 | 1955-06-30 | Helmut Jedlicka | Galvanic element |
DE936699C (en) * | 1949-05-12 | 1955-12-22 | Helmut Jedlicka | Galvanic element |
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