DE2364691A1 - MEANS OF GUIDING THE WELDING TORCH OF AN AUTOMATIC WELDING DEVICE ALONG THE JOINT LINE BETWEEN THE WORKPIECES TO BE WELDED - Google Patents

Description

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2 7th DEC.

STIG RUKE SANDSTROM
37200 Rbnneby, Sweden

mit ^ rP ^^ ngdesSchTOißbrennerse ine automatic n welding

pieces

The invention relates to means for guiding the Welding torch of an automatic welding machine along the joint line between the workpieces to be welded, the welding torch making longitudinal movements and lateral movements with respect to the joint line Movements is arranged.

According to the state of the art, automatic welding devices are of the type known in which a carrier is provided which extends in the longitudinal direction of the welding device and the one carriage or slide carries that to movements in the longitudinal direction of the s Is arranged carrier. The machine's welding torch is on the Carriage attached so that between two adjacent workpieces a weld can be created when the carriage is moved along the beam. Before welding the workpieces

will

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these are aligned so that the electrode of the welding torch is located above the line along which the weld is to be placed and which is referred to below as the joint line. During the welding process, the car moves at a suitable speed on .your carrier moves and the welding torch follows a movement path parallel to the carrier, whereby a continuous weld seam is obtained.

A part of the automatic welding machines of this type is that the workpieces have to be aligned very precisely, so that the joint to be welded is strictly parallel to the beam. If there should be a discrepancy between the beam and the joint line, the weld seam would not lie perfectly over the connection point, which considerably affects the quality of the welded connection would affect ο -

To remedy this shortcoming we had to work with a such an automatic welding device so far by an operator corrective interventions are made, so that the necessary Adjustment of the welding torch in all planes the welding process was carried out by hand. Execution of welding work became considerably more expensive as a result.

The main task of the invention is to provide means of leadership of the welding torch of an automatic welding machine along the To create a joint line between the workpieces to be welded; so that during the welding process there is no need for corrective measures Perform manual interventions.

According to the prior art, for example from US Pat. No. 2,749,421, the use of guide rollers that follow the joint line between the workpieces to be welded is known, the position of the welding torch being able to be corrected by the guide rollers so that the torch also follows the joint line. follows when this line deviates slightly from the longitudinal direction of the welding machine. In the arrangement of US Pat. No. 2,749,421, the actual welding torch is pivotably mounted and is articulated in such a way that, with a certain displacement movement of the guide means, it moves outward in each of the two views.

B pivots

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can be pivoted, thereby in the position of the welding torch compensation for the directional deviation of the joint line from the direction of the longitudinal member is achieved. Kit of this arrangement can however, only small deviations in the direction of the joint line can be corrected. The quality of the weld joint is also determined by the bevel Position of the welding machine impaired. Because the welding torch so must be hung so that it can be pivoted in any direction, the suspension arrangement is also complicated and expensive, although this does not even result in a fully satisfactory operation of the device. Another disadvantage of Impact line caster vorrich tunge η with a single wheel, which is in the The abutment line rolls off because the welding torch is raised every time if the width of the joint line falls below a certain minimum value or if the joint line is completely interrupted, namely what happens now and then when the adjacent edge surfaces of the workpieces are not completely straight, and every time when a previously produced welding bridge is passed. Welding bridges are usually evenly spaced provided along the workpieces in order to initially place the workpieces against one another to be determined before in the longitudinal direction the continuous Weld seam is generated. The distance between the welding bridges is usually 3 to 5 decimeters, which means that the Welding torch as it moves along the joint line, the one Can have a length of 1 to 2 meters, is raised several times so that the quality of the weld joint is different along the joint line or along the workpieces no weld seam is produced by the welding torch in places because the electrode of the The welding torch is moved away from the workpieces so far that the arc is extinguished.

The invention therefore also has the task of providing a guide means to create whose be operational mode of action is such that the welding torch is not or hardly influenced by it is, if it is carried away over the mentioned, pre-produced welding bridges and there are also large deviations between the direction of the shock line and the longitudinal direction of the automatic Welding machine can occur without affecting the quality of the weld

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seam impaired.

To explain the invention and to clarify further Features of the invention should now guide means according to the invention in their structural details are described with reference to the accompanying drawings will. Show in it:

1 shows a schematic horizontal view of an automatic welding device in which the guide means according to the invention are provided and the one displaceable in the longitudinal direction A carriage and a carriage displaceable in the transverse direction;

2 shows an illustration of an embodiment of the invention, consisting of guide means for the push lens wake with Guide rollers and support rollers »and

3 to 7 representations of different embodiments of the guide rollers provided in the guide means of FIG and support rollers for producing welded joints of various types.

The shown in schematic form in Fig. 1 automatic The welding device has an extension in the longitudinal direction Carrier 10 on which a carriage 11 for performing longitudinal movements is arranged. The provided in the extension in the longitudinal direction of the support 10 of the automatic welding device is in turn of two mutually standing, vertically movable frame arms 12 and 13 worn. On the carriage 11, a cross member 14 is arranged, the extends substantially at right angles to the side rail. On the cross member 14, a carriage 15 eats for movements in the transverse direction arranged, which is provided with a drive motor. The carriage 15 carries the welding torch 16. ·

Should with the help of the illustrated automatic welder automatically creates a weld seam between two workpieces the workpieces are first placed on the work table of the Device arranged side by side in the desired manner. In. this It should be mentioned that the workpieces usually come first by a number of welding bridges to be provided separately from one another must be set against each other and that the joint line must be aligned so that it is approximately parallel to the side member

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ger of the welder extends. Once this preliminary work has been carried out, so the carriage 11 displaceable in the longitudinal direction is brought into the starting position and the carriage 15 displaceable in the transverse direction is set on the cross member 14 so that the electrode of the Welding torch 16 assumes a position in the middle of the joint line. Since the joint line does not have to extend exactly parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cross member, and so does the welding torch can be moved sideways, the preparatory work for. Set up of the workpiece for the welding process is far easier to carry out and less time-consuming than the ones known from the state of leehnik automatic welding machines.

In Fig. 2 is a section through the inventive Butt line trailing agent. In the illustrated embodiment is the butt line runner on the welding torch attached and has a guide roller 17, which in the implementation an automatic welding process unrolls in the joint line. the Guide roller is rotatably mounted on a shaft 18, which is on a vertical movable frame 19 is arranged. The frame is mounted on a structure 20 which is pivoted about two pins 45 and 44 can, and has a shoulder 21 against which one end of a compression spring 22 rests. The compression spring is at the other end against a bearing bush 25 for the one introduced into the structure 20 Rod 19, it being provided that the rod is acted upon by a force of a certain magnitude, usually in its fixed position to hold, in which it is fully extended, and in which a provided on the rod plate 24 against a stop surface 25 on the pivotable structure 20 is applied. When unrolling the guide pulley I7 in The butt line during a welding process is, however, the rod I9 something introduced into the body 20, and when the idler pulley is over the The end of the workpiece is led out, the rod 19 therefore occurs from structure 20.

Is the width of the joint line for picking up the roll 17 too small when passing through the joint line or the roller 17 hits a welding bridge, this will push the roll upwards, whereby the rod carrying the role I9 against the force of the spring

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22 is inserted into the structure 20. After moving the roll away over the welding bridge or as soon as the width of the joint line for recording the role is sufficient again, the rod 19 pushes itself out of the again as a result of the load with the force of the spring 22. Construction 20 out, which reinserts the roll into the joint line to continue rolling in it.

As mentioned above, the arrangement is of the rod 19 carrying the bullet 17 such that this rod when reaching the end of the joint line, i.e. at the end of the pig piece, is guided out of the pivotable structure by the spring over a certain distance. At the upper end of the rod 19 is a plate 26 provided, which in the doorway of the shock line trailing of a electrical switch 27 is moved away to one side of the rod is arranged stationary. If the guide roller 17 is now guided beyond the end edges of the workpieces, the rod is I.9 as a result of the Application of the spring force extended to the full stroke length, the switch 27 by the provided on the rod I9 Plate 26 is actuated. The switch 27 is in an electrical one Laid circuit, which is constructed so that the switch actuation can serve the welding machine by means of a relay or a to lock similar device to the carriage 15, thereby preventing becomes that the welding machine hits the workpiece, when a support roller 28 described below is guided beyond the end edges of the workpieces. The fact that the If the guide roller runs out of the joint line, the welding torch is locked, and the torch is shifted vertically or sideways is made impossible, does not have a noteworthy disadvantageous effect, since only a very short part of the joint now has to be welded is.

There is still another guide roller 28 is provided that preferably, but not necessarily behind the Leitrolie 17 is arranged, seen in the direction of movement of the Welding machine. The guide roller 28 is arranged so that they during the welding process at least on one of the two workpieces attacks, but preferably both. The guide roller is mounted on a shaft 29 for the execution of rotary movements,

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which in turn is mounted between the legs of a fork-shaped part 50a which is arranged on a supporting part 30 which is carried by the welding torch 16. The welding torch is disposed at the _t displaceable in the transverse direction of carriage 15 and can run in a sliding bearing vertical movements, so that, therefore, the support roller 28 guides the welding torch above the joint line vertically. The welding torch 16 is shown together with the welding electrode 16a in FIG. 2 in dashed lines, and the pivotable structure 20 and the switch 27 are also mounted on the supporting part 50.

On the fork-shaped part 30a there is a downwardly projecting one Plate 31 is provided which carries an asbestos plate 32. The lower Part of the plate 31 is angled so that the end of the plate in the gap formed between the support roller 28 and the workpieces on the one hand and the welding nozzle on the other hand protrudes. At the At the lower end, the plate 31 has a U-shaped marginal edge 31a and is at a point above this marginal edge 31a with one after externally protruding arm 33 is provided, which has a curved at its free end Has marginal edge 34. Thus it is clear that if necessary between the U-shaped lower marginal edge 31a and the upper curved Edge 34 a new asbestos plate 32 can be inserted easily can. The asbestos plate serves the purpose of meeting the of the welding electrode 16a generated during the welding process on the support roller 28 and adherence of foreign bodies to this prevent, the support roller and its bearings are also protected from the radiant heat of the weld at the same time. A special The advantage of the asbestos sheet is that no glowing particles from the welding electrode stick to its surface originate as-it would be the case with a metal plate. Since the Asbestos sheet can be easily replaced, the loss of time when installing a new asbestos sheet is minimized. The protective asbestos plate is also particularly advantageous in that the support roller is arranged close to the welding electrode 16a must be, if an optimal vertical guidance of the welding torch should be achieved.

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Fig. 3 shows in schematic form a guide roller 17? which is inserted into the joint line between two workpieces 35 and 36 is. The shape of the guide roller can be selected according to the shape of the joint to be generated.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, the Support roller, which is also denoted here by the reference number 28, the shape of a roller with two outwardly projecting flanges 28a and 28a 28b provided at both ends. The roller is dimensioned so that the two flanges 28a and 28b come to lie on both sides of the joint line between the workpieces 35 and 36, as this is shown in the drawing. This becomes a compulsive one Attacking the support roller on the workpieces ensured. the The roller is mounted for rotary movements in a forked part 30a, which is connected to the supporting part 30. The load-bearing part 30 and with this also the welding torch consequently follow the workpieces at a certain and manually adjustable distance above the joint to be welded. The distance of the welding torch from the The joint line is therefore deviated from deviations in the course of the welding process does not affect the width of the joint line and it does not change at the welding bridges ^ between the two workpieces.

In Fig. 5 is an embodiment with a support roller to create a weld seam in the outer angle between two diagonally arranged plates 38 and 39 shown. Fig. 6 shows an embodiment with a support roller 40 to produce a weld seam the inner junction between two plates 41 and 42, the are arranged in an angular position to each other. In Fig. 7 is a modified embodiment of the guide roller 17 for generating a Weld seam of the type shown in FIG. 6 is shown.

As. has already been mentioned, the rod 19 carrying the guide roller 17 is arranged in a structure 20 which is supported on two pins 43 and 44 is pivotably mounted so that this structure can be pivoted about the axis of the two pins. The pivoting movement of the Structure 20 is used to operate a servo device (not shown) used, which controls the electric drive motor for the carriage 15 displaceable in the transverse direction, so that this carriage on the cross member I4 in the sense of a compensation of the pivoting movement

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- 9 - transition of the rod are moved kann.-

The butt line sewing means provided by the invention have only been described above in one embodiment, but it goes without saying that these devices are in the can be modified and altered in various ways by the framework defined by the concept of the invention. For example more than one support roller can be provided on both sides of the joint line and a runner-like sliding element can also be used instead of the support wheel be provided, on the sliding surfaces of which balls or rollers are arranged can be to reduce the friction between the sliding surfaces and reduce the workpieces. It can also catch the eye be taken to provide a support roller only on one side of the joint line, the support roller in this case the total load of the Welding torch. The structure of the support member can be adapted to the weld seam to be produced. It is also recommended suspend the support member so that it can be easily replaced. This also applies to the Lei trolls, which can be easily replaced must, so that a corresponding conversion for the production of welds of different types and for different bevels can be done on the edge of the workpieces. It can also be thought of are to replace the guide pulley with a guide pin or a guide plate, these parts being arranged so that they the Able to follow the line of impact. If the welding torch is light or if the weight of the burner is compensated, the above-mentioned servo control may desirably be omitted and that Guide element can be designed in such a way that there is the desired displacement of the welding torch during the butt line tracking thanks to a direct mechanical connection with this causes. It would still be conceivable the guide organ to be firmly arranged and on the servo control device to refrain from replacing the set workpieces with the Can move guide organ, so that the required alignment the line of impact against the welding torch is achieved in this way. This latter alternative, however, may only be come into consideration when the workpieces are relatively light or if special precautions are taken for effortless movement of the workpieces to be hit. The electrical contacts in

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very different lffeise be provided and arranged to the desired commissioning and decommissioning of the relevant To effect facilities when the governing body is in its fully deployed position Position is brought.

Claims

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Claims (12)

7364691 Paten tan s ρ rüche 1. I £ Lttel for guiding the welding torch of an automatic welding machine along the joint line between the Yferk pieces to be welded, it is a welding machine of the type in which a welding torch is used to move longitudinally and in the transverse direction is arranged and wherein the guide means a during the welding process to execute a movement in the joint line between the workpieces to be welded and to the side Understand the guide element arranged in the guide of the welding torch, characterized by a support part (28; 37 »40) extending in the direction of movement is arranged behind the guide member (17) and the Attack at least one of the workpieces (35> 36 »38» 39 » 41, 42) and to support the welding torch (iß) is, wherein the welding torch (l6) is independent of the support part (28; 37 * 40) in the sense of defining the height adjustment of the Welding torch (l6) is vertically adjustable through this and wot in the case of the guide element (17) during the longitudinal movement of the welding torch (l6) during the welding process to carry out vertical movements without influencing the height adjustment of the welding brenne rs (l6) is arranged above the joint line. 2. Means for guiding the welding torch according to claim 1 with a in the form of one arranged to execute a movement in the joint line and guide member designed to perform a rotary movement on a vertically adjustable part mounted roller, thereby characterized in that the support part (28 »37; 40) for execution a movement on the workpiece (35 »36; 38, 39» 41, 42) is against which it is applied. 5. Means for guiding the welding torch according to claim 2, characterized in that characterized in that the support part engages a cylinder (28), which at each of its two ends has a radially and outwardly extending, circular flange (28a, 28b), wherein these flanges (28a, 28b) to reach over the joint line and to rest against the two Y / piece pieces to be welded (35, 36) are arranged. 4. Means for guiding the welding torch according to claim 2, characterized in that ft-e label ine t 409827/0806 7364691 characterized in that the support part (28 * 37; 40) has at least one rotatable Holle understood. 5. Means for guiding the welding torch according to one of the preceding Claims.-, characterized in that the guide element (17) is mechanically connected to the welding torch (l6), the Guide force applied from the edge of the joint line to the Le'itorgan (17) in the transverse direction for lateral displacement of the welding torch (l6) can be transferred to it. 6. Means for guiding the welding torch according to one of the claims to 4, characterized in that the guide member (l7) carrying Part (19) for operating a Se rvo control device for control one in response to the one acting on the guide element (17) Forces for lateral displacement of the welding torch (l6) can be actuated Drive motor is arranged. 7. Means for guiding the welding torch according to one of the previous ones Claims, characterized in that the electrode (l6a) of the welding torch (l6) in one to the immediate support part after-run is arranged suitable position during the welding process. 8. Means for guiding the welding torch according to claim 7 '»thereby characterized in that to prevent adhesion of sweat particles on the support part (28; 37; 40) during the welding process and for Protection of the support part (28 * 37; 40) against that of the welding point radiating heat between the support part (-28; 37; 40) and the Electrode (l6a) of the welding torch (l6) a plate-like ' Protective part (32) is arranged. 9 · Means for guiding the welding torch according to claims 4 and 8, thereby characterized in that the plate-like protective part (32) in a Arrangement extending into the space between the Support part (28; 37; 40) and the workpiece is provided. 10. Means for guiding the welding torch according to claim 9, characterized characterized in that the plate-like · protective part in the form of a exchangeable asbestos plate (32) is formed between the curved edge edges (31a, 34) of one of the welding torch (16) downwardly extending bracket- (31) is supported. 409827/0806 11. Means for guiding the welding torch according to one of the preceding Claims in connection with an automatic welder of the type in which a longitudinally extending Carrier is provided · on which a carriage is arranged for movements in the longitudinal direction, characterized in that the carriage (II) carries a cross member (14) which extends substantially at right angles to the longitudinal member (10), with on the Cross member (14) is a second carriage that can be moved in the lateral direction (15) is arranged on which the welding torch (l6) is provided is, wherein the guide member (17) on one for performing vertical movements arranged in a pivotable η structure (20) and by a compression spring (22) in an outwardly projecting position loadable rod (19) is arranged, this rod (19) at Insertion of the guide element (I7) in a joint line in a socket part (23) is insertable and wherein an actuating means on the rod (19) (26) is provided. That. Is arranged in a position in which it is in the position of the introduction of the rod (19) into the socket part (23) cannot be actuated to engage a switch (27) and in which it is in the fully extended position of the rod (19) for actuating the switch (27) in terms of commissioning one to prevent the welding torch from striking (l6) when leading out the support part (28} 37 »40) over the end edge surface the workpiece serving welding torch holder can be actuated. 12. Means for guiding the welding torch according to claim 6 and 11, characterized characterized in that the pivotable structure (20) on two Pins (43 »44) is mounted, which extend substantially parallel to the longitudinal beam (IQ), this structure (20) in a plane which is essentially perpendicular to the longitudinal beam (10) can be pivoted and is caused by the pivoting movement of the structure (20) an actuation of a with the drive motor for the in the Transverse direction movable carriage (15) cooperating servo control device can be triggered. 409827/0806 Blank page