DE236044C - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- DE236044C DE236044C DENDAT236044D DE236044DA DE236044C DE 236044 C DE236044 C DE 236044C DE NDAT236044 D DENDAT236044 D DE NDAT236044D DE 236044D A DE236044D A DE 236044DA DE 236044 C DE236044 C DE 236044C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- coal
- oxides
- oxide
- heating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003638 reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N al2o3 Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum nitride Chemical compound [Al]#N PIGFYZPCRLYGLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UIXRSLJINYRGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium carbide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[C-]#[C-] UIXRSLJINYRGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/072—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with aluminium
- C01B21/0726—Preparation by carboreductive nitridation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Description
KAISERLICHESIMPERIAL
PATENTAMT.PATENT OFFICE.
? PATENTSCHRIFT ? PATENT LETTERING
- M 236044 KLASSE 12«. GRUPPE- M 236044 CLASS 12 «. GROUP
insbesondere in Nitride.especially in nitrides.
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Überführung von schwer reduzierbaren Metalloxyden in andere Verbindungen. Es soll insbesondere zur Umwandlung von AIuminiumoxyd (Tonerde) in Aluminiumnitrid dienen.The invention relates to a method for the transfer of difficult to reducible Metal oxides into other compounds. It is intended in particular to convert aluminum oxide (Alumina) in aluminum nitride.
In der Glut des elektrischen Ofens gelingt es leicht, fast alle Oxyde zu reduzieren, doch ist dies Verfahren wegen der hohen KostenIn the embers of the electric stove it is easy to reduce almost all oxides, but is this procedure because of the high cost
to elektrischer Anlagen für die meisten Zwecke zu teuer. In manchen Fällen reicht die Erhitzung mit den gewöhnlichen Brennstoffen (Gas oder Kohle) aus, sie bringt aber viel Übelstände mit sich, die dem elektrischen Erhitzungsverfahren nicht anhaften. Wenn die Temperatur möglichst hoch sein soll, so ist dies nur bei Anwendung eines Überschusses von Luft . oder Sauerstoff möglich; hierbei wird aber auch die zur Reduktion bestimmte Kohle angegriffen und ihrem Zwecke entzogen. Die Verbrennung der Reduktionskohle tritt auch dann ein, wenn kein Sauerstoffüberschuß in den Heizgasen vorhanden ist, da bei den hohen Temperaturen, die anzuwenden sind, die Kohlensäure der Heizgase durch die Reduktionskohle zu Kohlenoxyd reduziert wird, ein Vorgang, durch den Wärme verbraucht wird. Hierdurch wird also die Temperatur in sehr nachteiliger Weise herabgesetzt.to expensive electrical systems for most purposes. In some cases, heating is enough with the usual fuels (gas or coal), but it brings with it a lot of problems, the electrical heating process do not adhere. If the temperature is to be as high as possible, this is only possible when using an excess of Air . or oxygen possible; in this case, however, the coal intended for reduction is also used attacked and deprived of their purpose. The combustion of the reducing coal also occurs then one when there is no excess oxygen in the heating gases, as with the high temperatures that are to be used, the carbonic acid of the heating gases through the reducing carbon is reduced to carbon dioxide, a process by which heat is consumed. This means that the temperature in very disadvantageously reduced.
Um das Verfahren der Heizung mit gewöhnlichen Brennstoffen für den erwähnten Zweck so wirtschaftlich wie möglich zu gestalten, soll nach der Erfindung die gesamte zur Durchführung der Reaktion nötige Wärme den aufeinander wirkenden Stoffen schon vor der Vermischung zugeführt werden, und zwar entweder dem Oxyd allein, oder dem Oxyd und dem Reduktionsmittel, aber beiden getrennt. To the method of heating with ordinary fuels for the mentioned purpose to make it as economical as possible, according to the invention, the entire implementation The heat required for the reaction of the interacting substances even before they are mixed be supplied, either to the oxide alone, or to the oxide and the reducing agent, but both separately.
Auf diese Weise können die Oxyde unter Anwendung des geeignetsten Sauerstoffüberschusses auf die höchst mögliche Temperatur erhitzt werden; es kann auch zum Verbrennen des Heizmittels reiner Sauerstoff angewendet werden. Auch das Reduktionsmittel kann für sich auf eine weit höhere Temperatur erhitzt werden, als es nach den bekannten Verfahren möglich ist, bei Welchen das Reduktionsmittel mit den Oxyden gemischt zur Anwendung kommt. Beide Stoffe, Oxyde und Reduktionsmittel, können also in der größten möglichen Hitze zusammengebracht werden, so daß von Anfang an ein bedeutender Wärmeüberschuß vorhanden ist, der die Reaktion schnell zu Ende führen hilft. Ist die Reaktion exothermisch, so wird natürlich die Temperatur nach dem Zusammenbringen der Stoffe noch erheblich steigen.In this way the oxides can use the most appropriate excess of oxygen heated to the highest possible temperature; it can also burn pure oxygen can be used in the heating medium. The reducing agent can also be used for can be heated to a much higher temperature than is possible with the known method is possible in which the reducing agent mixed with the oxides for use comes. Both substances, oxides and reducing agents, can therefore be used in the greatest possible way Heat are brought together, so that from the start there is a significant excess of heat is present, which helps to bring the reaction to an end quickly. If the reaction is exothermic, so naturally the temperature is still considerable after the substances have been brought together rise.
Das Verfahren eignet sich insbesondere, wie schon erwähnt, zur Herstellung von Aluminiumnitrid aus Tonerde. Man kann Bauxit in einem geeigneten Regenerativofen schmelzen, Kohle durch ein Luft- oder Sauerstoffgebläse zur hellsten Weißglut erhitzen und diese dann bei Gegenwart von Stickstoff in den geschmolzenen Bauxit einrühren. Den Stickstoff kann man, wie beim Bessemerverfahren die Luft, durch Düsen in die geschmolzene Masse einblasen.As already mentioned, the method is particularly suitable for the production of aluminum nitride made of clay. You can melt bauxite in a suitable regenerative furnace, coal Heat it to the brightest incandescence with an air or oxygen blower and then add it Stir the presence of nitrogen into the molten bauxite. You can use nitrogen, As with the Bessemer method, blow air through nozzles into the molten mass.
Nun ist es schon bekannt, bei der Darstellung von Calciumcarbid den Kalk vor dem Zusammenbringen mit der Kohle stai'k vorzuwärmen, und bei der Darstellung von Cyaniden aus Pottasche, Kohle und Stickstoff ist schon vorgeschlagen worden, die Pottasche vor dem Zusammenbringen mit Kohle hoch zu erhitzen. In beiden Fällen mußte aber nach dem Zusammenbringen der Bestandteile noch Wärme ίο zugeführt werden.Now it is already known in the representation of calcium carbide the lime before Bringing them together with the coal stai'k to preheat, and in the appearance of cyanides Potash, coal and nitrogen has already been proposed to make potash before Combine with high heat coal. In both cases, however, had to be done after bringing them together the components are still heated ίο.
Claims (1)
Verfahren zur Überführung von schwer reduzierbaren Oxyden in andere Verbindungen, insbesondere in Nitride, unter unmittelbarer Zuführung der ganzen erforderlichen Wärme durch Heizgase, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die gesamte Wärme entweder dem Oxyd allein, oder dem Oxyd und dem Reduktionsmittel, aber beiden getrennt zugeführt wird.Patent claim:
Process for converting oxides which are difficult to reducible into other compounds, especially nitrides, with direct supply of all the heat required by heating gases, characterized in that all the heat is supplied either to the oxide alone or to the oxide and the reducing agent, but both separately.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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DE236044C true DE236044C (en) |
Family
ID=495755
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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DENDAT236044D Active DE236044C (en) |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE236044C (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4837979A (en) * | 1987-03-17 | 1989-06-13 | Sintobrator, Ltd. | Polishing device |
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0
- DE DENDAT236044D patent/DE236044C/de active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4837979A (en) * | 1987-03-17 | 1989-06-13 | Sintobrator, Ltd. | Polishing device |
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