DE2360158A1 - HEATING DEVICE WITH GAS BURNER - Google Patents

Description

SOCIBTE GEIOlRAlE DE FOIDERIE OBE 1175 heating device with gas burner _e

The invention relates to a heating device with at least one gas burner built into a furnace.

The device can be in completely different

Heating apparatus, such as boilers, in particular for ■ Central heating, heating stoves or hot air generators.

The boiler in which the invention

Mass device can be installed, can be very different Have shapes. Their firing can be, for example, a single parallelepiped or cylindrical part, or through vertically or horizontally stacked separate elements are formed.

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When the oil burner is in a heating oil boiler

to be replaced by a gas burner, is generally a burner with air intake under atmospheric pressure or with air blown in by a fan. In fact, these burners can be conveniently located next to the one provided for the oil burner Place to be installed. Furthermore, as is known, the entire heating power supplied by a flame comprises one through Radiation and a part delivered by convection.

liun is that of the flame of a gas burner

radiated heating power lower than that of an oil burner, what reduces the heat exchange with the boiler electrical circuit. In order to partially remedy these disadvantages, deflectors can be built into the furnace to make the gases coiled Way to give which the. Heat exchange through convection allowed to improve

However, experience shows that these deflectors are brought to a temperature of a few hundred degrees and radiate heat energy to the burner, which adversely affects the operation of the same. With the boilers with cylindrical firing In addition, the combustion products are swirled through. This turbulence causes a fall back of combustion products, which harms the regular development of the flames.

Finally, in the boilers with vertically stacked separate elements, the small cross-section is limited the number of burners that can be built into it, which limits the heat output accordingly this boiler yields.

The invention aims to overcome these drawbacks

to remedy this by making a heating device in its furnace the heat exchange is considerably higher than in the furnaces of the above-mentioned apparatus.

The heating device according to the invention with

a furnace and at least one gas burner built into it is characterized in that it has at least one flame distributor arranged on the burner, the circumference of which is close to the inner wall of the furnace, with at least an outlet opening in the circumference of the distributor

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which is combined with means which the flames in a direction approximately perpendicular to the inner wall of the furnace, means being present which at least one transverse to the axis (or axes) of the outlet opening (or of the outlet openings) produce lying stroia thread.

After walking a very short distance therefore the flames develop along this wall, which results in the greatest heat exchange with that flowing in the apparatus Heat carrier guaranteed.

According to a preferred embodiment of the

Invention, in which the device has a cylindrical furnace contains, the flame distributor is approximately ring-shaped, and bores opening at the outlet openings are on its circumference distributed, the axes of these holes being approximately perpendicular to the wall of the furnace.

These holes are for the flame exit

preferably arranged in parallel and in a checkerboard shape, which ensures a good distribution of the thermal energy over the circumference of the distributor guaranteed.

According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment, the invention provides a horizontal on the Manifold mounted baffle, with a conical deflector located axially in the furnace above the manifold and is attached to the wall of the furnace with the apex of this deflector facing the manifold.

The conical deflector directs the flames and

the combustion products to the extent of the combustion and thus contributes to the increase in the heat exchange. The one at the distributor attached baffle prevents it from radiating heat to the burner.

The invention is explained below by way of example with reference to the drawing.

Fig. 1 is a side view of a first

Embodiment of the inventive heating device under Breaking away of parts.

Fig. 2 is an axial section along the

Line XI-II of FIG. 3, which shows the design of the burner and of the distributor shows »

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Pig. 3 is an enlarged top plan view of the manifold of FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 4 is one corresponding to FIG. 1

A view on a smaller scale showing another embodiment of the device according to the invention.

Fig. 5 is a section along the line V-V

6 and shows a second embodiment of the distributor of device according to the invention.

Figure 6 is a top view of the embodiment of Figure 5.

7 shows a side view of a third embodiment of the distributor of the device according to the invention on a larger scale and partially cut.

Figure 8 is a partial view of the manifold

1 to 3 in side view and on a larger scale, which shows the arrangement of the flame outlet openings.

Fig. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of the distributor on a smaller scale.

Fig. 10 is a view taken along line X-X of Fig. 9.

Figures 11 and 12 are views, corresponding to Figures 9 and 10, of a fifth embodiment of the manifold the device according to the invention.

Fig. 13 is a partial schematic view

a flame distributor which is similar to that of FIGS and to which distributors for blown air are attached.

14 and 15 are axial sections of execution Modifications of the heating device according to the invention.

The device according to the invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a boiler with a radiator which is formed by three coaxial cylindrical Y / ands 1, 2, 3, the outer wall 1 with the boiler supporting lateral Stand 50 is provided. The water enters the boiler through an entrance 4 and through one in the upper part of the Kessel lying exit 5 after it has flowed through the space between the partition 2 and the inner wall 3 »The volume between the outer wall 1 and the intermediate wall 2 is filled with a heat protection material 6. In the walls 1, L, 3 is

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one itself, over a sector of approximately preferably a quarter circle extending opening 7 designed to make the interior of the boiler easily accessible, v / hen this is not in operation is.

The inner wall 3 thus delimits a cylindrical volume forming the furnace 8. The furnace is on top limited by an annular projection 9 of the wall 3 and with a known exchanger 11 by a central one Passage 12 connected.

The boiler is provided with a gas burner 13 having an air funnel 14. In the example described, this burner 13 is of the type with partial primary air, ie a mixture of fuel gas and so-called "primary air" is fed to the inlet 15 of the air funnel 14. The primary air volume is only a part of the total volume required for combustion is, z "B _o # 60, so that an additional air volume, söge" secondary air ", must be provided at the output of the funnel fourteenth The significance of this type of burner for the exemplary embodiment of the invention under consideration is explained further below.

According to the invention, the boiler instructs one

Flame distributor 16 attached to burner 13 on this distributor is ring-shaped in the example described in order to adapt to the cylindrical shape of the furnace 8, but it would be rectangular in the case of a parallelepiped kettle. Its diameter is measured so that its circumference is in the Kahe the inner wall 3 lies. As. Further explained below, this distributor 16 is also designed so that it feeds the flames a direction which is approximately perpendicular to the inner wall 3 of the furnace 8.

The manifold 16 has a body 17

with an opening extending the mouth of the air funnel 14 18 and an annular ring 15 »which with the Central body 17 is molded into a single piece. In the circumference of the ring 19 there are bores 21 lying one above the other formed, which open out at outlet openings for the flames.

The holes 21 are parallel and weak

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inclined towards the y / aagereehte, as in Pig. 2 shown. These Inclination .VQA about 5 ° is due to a casting condition. It is namely / possible to shape the ring 19 so that its outer wall is perpendicular to its base, as this arrangement would hinder its lifting out of the mold. The outer wall of the wreath 19 is therefore necessarily slightly inclined to the vertical (if the wreath is horizontal). There is also the Attacking this inclined wall with horizontal drills for the production of horizontal holes, the risk of this slide off the wall, but in any case it is not possible to produce the holes precisely.

Under these conditions the wreath leads

19 nevertheless the flames through the openings 22 into one of the horizontal ones very obvious direction.

As a numerical example it should be stated that the

The diameter of the bores 21 can be 3 mm, and that these are preferably arranged in a checkerboard shape, as in FIG. 8 shown. This arrangement ensures a gradual, even distribution of the flames.

The manifold 16 is through to the burner 13 a middle cotter pin 23 attached, which at both ends into the air funnel 14 and the upper part of the body of the distributor 16 is screwed in, a nut holding it and the air funnel 14 together.

The attachment of the manifold 16 to the

Burner 13 is completed by an outer bolt 25, which passes through an extension 26 of the distributor 16 and into a corresponding threaded hole in an extension 25 of the burner 13 is screwed in.

The ring 19 has a circular top

Rib 28, and its by the dash-dotted lines 29 (Fig. 3) delimited inner channel 10 is with the entrance opening through a central passage 31 formed in the body 17.

The cross section of the channel 10 decreases

Depending on the distance from the passage 31, something that allows to keep the speed of the gas mixture flowing from the air funnel 14 to the channel 10 constant.

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Welded to the base of the ring 19

Splashes 32 (Pig. 3) reach into corresponding sections of a on the Viand 3 attached ring 33 and trim the distributor 16 on this wreath 33. The ring is attached to the wall 3 of the furnace by screws, not shown. On the On the side of the burner 13, the ring 33 is reinforced by a rib 20 (Pig. 3)

The width of the ring 33 is dimensioned so

that its inside diameter is slightly larger than the outside diameter knife of the ring body-shaped wreath 19 is »This training leave an annular space 31 free between the rings 19 and 33, the function of which is explained below. With the one described For example, there are three tabs 32, the first of which is arranged in the axis of the air funnel 14, while the two other against the first at about 30? are offset.

This arrangement can of course be changed

be to the desired balance of the manifold 16 to guarantee.

The determination of the position of the same is completed by a centering attachment 53, which slides is supported on a projecting sib 34 of the air vent 14.

The kettle also includes a plate 35

_s which is arranged horizontally and fixed to the manifold 16 by a rib 36 for deflecting the flames "

! This plate 35 is circular, and you

The diameter corresponds approximately to the outer diameter of the ring body perforated Kranzes 19 “It causes a certain deflection of the flames coming out of the holes 25 in the direction of wall 3 of the furnace S.

The plate 35 is preferably made of aluminum, since this metal absorbs the heat little and less so lower part of the boiler radiates as a steel plate.

According to a further characteristic of the invention, the boiler also contains a deflector 37, which is fastened coaxially to the furnace on the wall .3 above the distributor 16 by means of tabs 38. For a reason explained below, this deflector 37 has an approximately conical shape with a rounded apex facing the distributor 16 »

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The mode of operation and the advantages of the device according to the invention are as follows:

At the exit of the bores 21 of the distributor 16, the flame bases are approximately perpendicular to the wall of the furnace 8, These flames adjoin each other to form a single flame, which according to the Arrows F unfolded in the direction of the projection 9, being on the wall 3 (Fig. 1) over practically the entire length of the same strokes along and transfers their heat to the heat transfer medium flowing between the walls 2.

The one between the wreath 33 and the circumference of the

Annular passage 51 formed annular body 19 enables one Train of secondary air, which by not shown, on the base of the boiler is sucked in openings. Through this a secondary airflow filament is created, which transversely to the axes of the outlet openings 32 of the flames of the distributor 16 lies. The secondary air thus follows that indicated by the arrows G. (Fig. 1) indicated path in the direction of the exit of the holes 21. This secondary air completes the combustion of the gas, which takes place partly through the primary air supplied at the inlet 15 of the burner 13.

A second, across the axes of the opening

Secondary airflow filament lying in 22 of manifold 16 is created by baffle 35. Part of the air coming from the base of the boiler envelops the central body of the distributor 16 and is then deflected horizontally by the plate 35 to the periphery of the ring-shaped ring 19.

The flames that come out of this will be like this

gripped between two transverse airflow threads, which they to the wall 3 of the furnace 8 lead. On the other hand, the ring 33 protects the base of the boiler against the heat radiation from the distributor 16 exiting flames.

The deflector 37 increases the draft of the flames and prevents the combustion products from settling in the Collect the center of the furnace 8. Namely, these products of combustion become easier around and towards the deflector 37 discharged from the exchanger through the central opening 12. the The conicity of the deflector 37 facilitates the flow of the combustion

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tion gases, limits its thermal radiation in the direction of the distributor 16 and increases its radiation in the direction onto the wall 3. This increases the heat exchange with the heating medium flowing between the walls 2, 3.

Furthermore, the deflector 37 receives on the one hand

part of the heat energy of the combustion products and on the other hand behaves like a black body, its inner walls receive most of the heat radiation emitted within the deflector 37.

The so stored thermal energy is through

external radiation to a large extent to the wall 3 of the furnace sent back.

Furthermore, as already mentioned, the

Deflector 35 to divert the flames to the wall 3, also limits the residual radiation of the deflector 37 in the direction of the Distributor 16 and directs the secondary air.

The boiler shown in Fig. 4 is with

two superposed distributors 30, which correspond to those of FIGS. 1 to 3. " These manifolds 30 are through a central nozzle connected, which is provided at its base with a baffle 40, which a part of the gas mixture leads to the lower manifold. This variant embodiment enables a considerable increase in the Firing 8 developed thermal energy.

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6

contains two oppositely arranged flange distributors 38, 39 · The lower manifold 38 is integral with the body 41 of the burner and communicates with the upper manifold 39 through a central opening 55 in connection *

The manifolds 38, 39 are circular, there

they are intended for cylindrical kettles and have truncations C, which in this example define angle A of about 60 °. Pins 42 of manifold 39 engage in pin 42 adapted hollow lugs 43 of the manifold 38. The pins are held and fastened by split pins (not shown) the manifold 39 on the manifold 38 and the body 41 of the torch.

The opposite arrangement of the distributors

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38, 39 allows the completion of the flames and the distributor 38, the bluntings C of which are removed from the flame front of the upper manifold 39 are covered.

One of the plate 35 (Fig. 1) corresponding

The baffle plate can be attached to the upper manifold 39. The through free central passages 50 (Pig. 6) between the Air drawn into manifolds 38, 39 is then diverted by this baffle to the periphery of manifold 39 where it is heated and then goes through the path indicated by the arrows F (Fig. 1).

Like the Pig's cauldron. 6 increases the superimposition of the two distributors 38, 39 in the Furnace 8 developed a considerable amount of heat.

In this version as in the Pig.

to 3, the manifolds 38, 39 have parallel circumferential bores 21, which openings 22 open at Plammenaus occurs. The execution can be done by the in Pig. 7 are replaced, in which a central annular gap 56 is formed in the outer wall 46 of the annular body 44.

The ring body 44 thus emits a coherent ring of flames on its circumference.

This embodiment offers the advantage to simplify the editing of the distribution list.

The embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 9 and 10 is for boilers with a furnace Rectangular cross-section determined.

It contains two rectangular distributors 47, 48, one on top of the other and connected by a central channel. the lower manifold 47 being attached to a burner 49. The upper manifold 48 has two lugs on its top 51 for receiving a baffle 52. The distributor 47 is truncated on both sides of the body of the burner 49 which it surrounds.

The one in Pig. 11 and 12 visible flame distribution is intended for cylindrical boilers. These Execution includes two circular manifolds 56, which are truncated over about 60 ° and attached to the burner 54 above or below this are attached. These manifolds 56 are opposite to each other

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arranged as when running the pig. 5 and 6 to get the To enable coating of the entirety of the wall 3 of the furnace 8 by the flame fronts.

In Pig. 13 shown embodiment modification two blown air distributors 16 are attached to the flame distributor 16 above or below the same. These distributors 16 received through a line 61 blowing air by means of a fan 62. Its circumference is in the direction of the flame distributor 16 inclined and contains air outlet openings 63. As a result, secondary air flow threads pass through these openings 63 in directions indicated by the arrows Q, which are transverse to the axes P of the outlet openings of the flames of the distributor 16 lying.

Using this farm of the invention

will of course be those provided at the base of the heater Inlet openings for the secondary air are unnecessary. -

Fig. 14 shows a boiler 64 with a cylindrical furnace 65-with horizontal axis ·. The heating medium follows the path indicated by the arrows R between the exit

Wall
senwand 66 and the / ö? of the furnace 65. The boiler contains a burner 68 with an annular distributor 69 which is coaxial with the furnace 65 and which guides the flames approximately perpendicularly.

A cylindrical deflector is on this

Distributor 69 attached coaxially with the furnace 65, in which it occupies the largest part.

A between the flame distributor 69 and

the end of the furnace 65 attached ring 76 allows Creation of a secondary airflow filament which, in relation to directed the manifold 69 as in the examples described above is. This air comes from openings not shown in the end of wall 67 adjacent to manifold 69 · A suction fan 72 creates a draft in the furnace 65 through one Stub 73 »which goes into a hole 74 in the one facing away from the burner 68 The end of the furnace 65 opens.

The flames coming out of the manifold 69

are therefore first directed to the wall 67, along which they then unfold in the direction of the outlet connection 73 for the combustion products.

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Pig. 15 shows the application of the invention to a hot air generator 75.

This hot air generator 75 has a cylindrical furnace 77, which in the example described has a perpendicular axis.

It includes a burner 78, a flame distributor 79, a collar 82 and a cylindrical deflector 81, which are designed like homologous elements of FIG. The burner 78, however, enters the furnace 77 laterally from the Its axis is one and not coaxial, as in the Pig's cauldron. 14 ·

The products of combustion are through a

central hole 83, which is in the wall of the furnace 77 is formed above the deflector 81 and opens into a tube 84.

The air is passed through roughly at the height

of the flame distributor 79 is set in motion fan 85 and follows the path indicated by the arrows S between the wall 86 of the furnace 77 and an outer wall 87 · The invention can be modified, in particular as follows:

The burners 13, 41, 49, 54 can work with blown air or "total air", i.e. the burner becomes the whole supplied to the air required for combustion. The secondary air then falls away and the ring 33 only fulfills the task of a support for the distributor.

- The one at the point of the distributor or the

Manifold formed flame can be done by other means than the bores 21 or the annular gap 45 can be obtained. For example, there can be millings with or without corrugations on the circumference of the distributor.

- Several burners can be placed on top of each other, which in the case of cylindrical boilers with vertically stacked elements is particularly useful. This type of boiler is always intended to accommodate an oil burner. The invention thus enables the convenient conversion into a gas boiler with a high thermal efficiency.

The conical deflector 37 can be either a cylindrical or parallelepiped deflector the boiler type must be replaced. Such a deflector can also

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with the help of support pins provided for this purpose attached to the distributor. The baffle 35 then naturally falls away.

The distributor 38 can be used alone (Pig. 5). The opening 55 is then closed.

- The device can only have one furnace,

contain a burner, a plasma manifold and a deflector. It can then be used as a heating furnace to warm the atmosphere.

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Claims (19)

PATENTAMSHtUOHE 1.) Heating device with a furnace and at least one gas burner built into this, characterized by at least one arranged on the burner (13) Flame distributor (16), the circumference of which is at the level of the inner wall of the furnace (8), with at least one outlet opening (22) is formed in the circumference of the manifold (16), which is combined with means which guide the flames in a direction approximately perpendicular to the inner wall (3) of the furnace (8), means are available. which at least one to the axis (or the axes) of the outlet opening (22) or the outlet openings generate transverse air flow filaments. 2.) Device according to claim 1 with a cylindrical furnace (8), characterized by an annular Flame distributor (16), which has a row of approximately horizontal on its circumference, at the outlet openings (22) has opening bores (21). 3.) Device according to claim 2, characterized characterized in that the distributor (16) is an arrangement of parallel, Has bores (21) arranged in a checkerboard shape. 4.) Device according to claim 1, characterized by one formed on the circumference of the manifold (16) annular plasma exit gap (15). 5.) Device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the axes of the bores (21) of the circumference of the distributor (16) are inclined by about 5 ° to the horizontal. 6.) Device according to claim 4 »thereby characterized in that the walls of the annular gap (45) around are inclined about 5 ° to the horizontal. 7 ·) Device according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized by a deflector plate, in particular made of aluminum, attached horizontally to the distributor (16) (35). 8.) Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by an equiaxed to the furnace 408831/0297 (8) deflector (37) arranged above the distributor (16) 9 ·) Device according to claim 8, characterized characterized in that the deflector (37) on the wall (3) of the furnace (8) is fixed and approximately conical, with its apex facing the manifold (16). 10 ·) Device according to claim 2, characterized / \ or characterized in that the deflector (81) is cylindrical / parallelepiped and attached to the manifold (79). 11 ·) Device according to one of the claims 1 to 9, characterized by a ring (33) which is attached to the wall (3) of the furnace (8) somewhat below the distributor (16) and is dimensioned so that it delimits an annular passage (51) for the combustion air with the distributor. 12.) Device according to claim 11, characterized characterized in that the distributor (16) with tabs (32) for Support on the rim (33) is provided. 13 ·) Device according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized by two distributors (30) which are one above the other are arranged and axially connected by a conduit which is provided at its base with a deflecting collar (40), which deflects part of the gas mixture flowing in the burner (13) to the lower distributor (30) » 14.) Device according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized by an approximately circular distributor (38) which forms one piece with the body (41) of the burner (13), and through the circumference of which the body of the burner is formed (13) occurs. 15 ·) Device according to claim 14, characterized by a second distributor (39) which is similar to the first distributor (38) and is arranged opposite to it is" I6 _e ) Device according to one of the claims 1 to 12, characterized by two approximately circular, on which Burner (54) above or below the same attached manifold (56). 17 ·) Device according to claim 1 with a Firing with Reehteekqunittej characterized by a first etv / a rectangular distributor (47) _s which the body of the 409831/0297 - I O - Brenners (49) surrounds and "blunted on both sides of this body and a second, approximately rectangular, manifold (48) attached to the first manifold (47). 18.) Device according to one of the claims 1 to 17, characterized by two blast air distributors (60), one of which is above the flame distributor or distributors (16) is attached, with air outlet openings (63) being formed in these blown air distributors (16) which lead to the Axis or the axes of the flame outlet opening or the flame outlet openings (63) generate transverse air stream threads. 19.) Device according to one of the claims 1 to 18, in which the axis of the furnace (-65) is approximately horizontal is, characterized in that the one or more flame distributors (69) are attached so that they are approximately perpendicular to the flames guide, wherein a deflector (71) is arranged coaxially to the furnace (65) laterally to the distributor (69). 409831/0297 Empty soap