DE2359196A1 - Building heating or cooling plant - has cavity completely surrounding building and connected in circuit with heat pump - Google Patents

Abstract

Heating or cooling plant for buildings has a closed cavity which surrounds the building as far as possible on all sides, and is connected with the heat exchanger of a heat pump at a suitable place, pref. in the upper part of the building and connected as an evaporator during heating operation, to form a closed circuit through which the heat transfer medium circulates and it is directed to given surfaces of the building. Preferably the medium is air. The cavity is formed by the outer walls and a conventional facade, and/or by the inner and outer roof skin. Practical application of the previous patent is extended.

Description

Heinrich Ullrich 3501 Ahnatal, November 25th * 1973

Dipl.-Ing. Kasseler Strasse 25

J. J- 5 ~ j NAOHQEREtCHT

Hei such ungsanlage, old e rnativ Refrigeration Equipment

"The invention relates to a system for heating, alternatively and if necessary for cooling buildings according to patent application P 2350001.8.

It describes a system that meets the heating requirements of a building for the most part by means of recovery Covers insulation losses escaping from the building surfaces by using the as an evaporator during heating operation switched heat exchangers of a heat pump at least the part of the outer surface protruding from the earth to be heated, alternatively and if necessary cooling building with the exception of "windows, doors and other Passages covered as completely as possible. The evaporator and the refrigerant flowing through it are thereby directly applied by the heat generated in the area of the building surface.

A further development of the inventive concept of the patent application P 235OOOI.8 aims to ensure its practical applicability to place them on a broader basis through process and design variants. In a modification of the patent application 235OOOI.8 described system, a procedure is therefore provided in which the in area The heat generated by the external building surfaces during heating operation, which is connected as an evaporator, to any Place, preferably located in the upper part of the building heat exchanger of a heat pump by means of a flowable, to a certain extent wash around the outer building surfaces in a cycle, sealed off from the building environment and supplying heat transfer medium in thermal contact with said heat exchanger will.' By interposing this heat transfer medium the heat exchanger is pressurized indirectly.

/ 2 509823/0442

Heinrich Ullrich, Ahnatal;
Heating system, alternatively cooling system

In the patent application P 2350001.8 for the direct procedure presupposed and derived thermodynamic Relationships retain their full validity.

The indirect procedure has the beneficial property that the outer part of the system with a cycle the heat pump is operated completely independently of the pressure level and the pressure level in relation to the building environment can be, so that the system in this area makes only low demands on the tightness and less susceptible on leaks. The actual heat pump is more compact and requires less piping; it can be installed almost under the roof and with greater independence from the prevailing weather conditions will.

The use of air as a heat transfer medium is particularly advantageous in the aforementioned sense, because they also apply the inventive concept of the patent application P 2350001.8 permitted on glazed surfaces, which is particularly true in buildings with a high proportion of glazed exterior surfaces It is important that the architectural design leaves more room for maneuver, and often with subsequent installation can be linked to existing structural requirements. Structure and mode of operation of a system according to the invention are shown in an example and - insofar as they differ from those of the system described in patent application P 2350001.8 differ - described below:

The outer walls (18) of a building form a well-known, superior one that covers them as completely as possible Passade (25) an air-filled cavity (19) which is closed off from the building environment (21), which in its upper area merges into the cavity formed by the outer (26) and inner (27) roof skin. The heat exchanger (1) of a heat pump, which is connected as an evaporator in heating mode, is located in one opposite

509823/0442 ^{/ 3}

2359Ί96

Heinrich Ullrich, Ahnatal;
Heating system, a lternati v cooling system

• i.

the building interior (17) thermally insulated and to the cavity (28) open space (32), from which a thermally insulated shaft (29) "leads down to about the basement floor and there by means of distribution channels (30) with the lower ones Places the cavity (19) is connected. The other, unspecified parts (2) to (15) of the heat pump and a domestic water heater (24) correspond in function and circuit to the system according to patent application P 2350001.8

During heating operation, the in room (32), shaft (29), Channels (30), cavity (19) and cavity (28) located air in the indicated arrow direction due to natural Convection or, if necessary, by forced circulation. She takes it from the building through the outer walls (18) and the inner roof skin (27) and possibly through the passageway (25) and heat penetrating the outer roof skin (26), which it then transfers to the refrigerant circuit as it flows through the heat exchanger (1) the heat pump emits.

As far as glazed surfaces are to be included in the heating process, one not shown in detail is at least off two panes arranged at a distance from one another existing glazing provided, in which the by two adjacent Discs formed cavity part of the cavity (19) or with this through the unimpeded flow in a vertical position Direction effecting channels is connected. In addition, means are provided which, when the windows are open Prevent larger intrusion of the ambient air into the cavity (19) in order to enrich the humidity of the air avoid circulating air.

When switching to cooling mode, the air circulation described above - e.g. B. by means of an in the shaft (29) arranged flap (31) - prevented and then as Condenser-switched heat exchangers (1) acted upon by outside air, which by means of not shown and Open openings closed during heating operation from room (32)

A 5-09323 / 0442

Heinrich Ullrich, Ahnatai;
Heating system, alternative art system

the environment (21) and after flowing through the heat exchanger (1) is released to this again, so that the cavities (28) and (19) and thus the building surfaces are not exposed to waste heat.

With reference to the favorable influence of a low temperature level shown in patent application P 2350001.8 in the secondary circuit (16) on the economic viability of a system according to the invention is in another Design provided, when using a secondary circuit (16) operated with hot water, this circuit is known per se, to equip forced-ventilated radiators.

509823/0442

Claims (6)

Heinrich Ullrich, Ahnatal; Heizunffsanlage, alternatively cooling system PATENT, A N SPRÜCHE 1. System for heating, alternatively and as required to Cooling of buildings, characterized in that the building envelops the building as far as possible on all sides, in relation to the building environment closed cavity with the evaporator switched on during heating operation, at any point, preferably located in the upper part of the building heat exchanger of a heat pump to one of a kind of the heat transfer medium flowing around the building surfaces flowed through and interconnected in a closed circuit is. 2. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat transfer medium is air. 3. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity (19) through the outer walls (18) and a known per se front facade (25) is formed. 4. Plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the The cavity (28) is formed by the outer (26) and inner (27) roof cladding. 5. Plant according to claims 2 to 4, characterized in that that one formed by double or multiple glazing Intermediate space with the cavity (19) »if necessary (28), in a space that enables free flow in the circulatory direction Connection. 6. Installation according to one of claims 1 to 5 _t, characterized in that a secondary hot water circuit (16) is equipped with forced-air radiators. 7 »Plant according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized by combination with a system according to patent application P 2350001.8. 503823/04 4? / 6 Blank page