DE2351808A1 - Blow-moulded glass articles - eg wine glasses - Google Patents

Abstract

Fabrication of an article in a heat-fusible material, partic glass, comprises a cup and an interm. narrow part connecting it to a heavy base by (a) delivering a batch of the heat-fusible material to a parison mould and forming therein a parison with a substantially conical hollow body prolonged integrally and axially to a heavy base contg. sufficient material to form the narrow pt. and the base of the article; (b) transferring the parison in to a vertical position in a finishing mould with a vertical movable bottom plate, a cup-shaped part and an interm. narrower part as well as an enlarged base; (c) allowing the parison to sag under the influence of gravity so that when it is enclosed in the mould, the lower end of the hollow body of the parison is situated directly below the interm. narrower part of the mould, while a pt. of the parison is enclosed by the narrower part; (d) applying a pressure to the hollow body of the parison so that a part of this is driven into contact with the narrower part of the mould before a significant amount of fused material has accumulated on the base plate; (e) applying a different pressure on the body of the parison to drive this back into contact with the cup-part of the mould; (f) applying an axial force to the heavy end of the parison by displacement of the baseplate to force the heavy end of the parison into the shape of the base of the article.

Description

ZITSTEIJkUNGSANSEHRIgTr HAMBURG 3 «· WEPBR WALt 41

XBI .. Se 71 38 ΠΚΙ »SS # 115 TEXEOB. KTKGBDAPATEKT HAMDURe

OWENS-ILLINOIS, INC ₀ munich i »- mqzartsth. 23

Part. 5 3S 05 86

Toledo, Oh xo / USA xbbbgb.

the tu * Ofcte 1973

Manufacture of glass objects

The invention "relates to the production of glass objects, in particular to the production of such glass objects which have a heavy base section or a heavy base section with a middle section
Have stem portion.

In the production of hollow glass objects, e.g. glass objects provided with a StjsL, it is generally
common to the hollow shell part of the glass object
a machine commonly known as the Mamen Westlake machine, and which is shown, for example, in US Patent 1,527,556 to Kadow. A separately formed stem or foot is then added to the finished hollow shell member

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2351

Bs "has" already been proposed, as in the one that has expired U.S. Patent 1,972 "717 Ton Protection demonstrated that a filas object with a heavy bottom part can be done by first looking at the main section and the bottom blows and then presses the bottom part in order to compress part of the glass which has been blown into a foot. A. however, such a process has proven to be economical not proven satisfactory.

It has also already been scored, for example in US Pat. No. 3,071,946 to Watson et al. And 3,130,030 to manufacture glass objects on a Westlake machine by first blowing in an amount of air in the usual manner by deflagrating it Hollow parison manufactures, where "with the hollow parison formed in a We st lake machine and then enclosed in a finished mold, pressed by blowing against the molded parts of the finished mold for the hollow shell part outwards and finally onto the lower end of the parison Axially directed force is applied to form a heavy bottom part, which heavy bottom part can then be stretched to form stemmed articles.

A major difficulty with the glass articles made in accordance with the Watson et al patents is

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the lack of uniformity of the parcels and as a result of the finished article produced in the Westlake process justified and is therefore inevitable in this process.

Another difficulty related to the procedure and the device according to the Atson et al patents is that the parison is formed by vacuum collection and then a puff of air creates a bubble that you then let collapse. Because the pail is relatively hot and not enclosed there are often irregularities in the shape of the parison on, and it is difficult to blow parisons in successive shapes or cycles of the machine of constant size and shape. Another difficulty is that with such machines for a large number of ready-to-use molds several collecting or parison forms are provided. As a result, the. Parcel shapes at relatively high! Temperatures, so that it is difficult to control the shape of the parison in this relatively high temperature range. One further difficulty due to the high working temperature -15 ei before consists in the fact that the Form a large mass of relatively hot glass accumulates or builds up. Such a high temperature creates a large one

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Heat reservoir that cannot be easily destroyed. The machine must therefore be operated "at a slower speed" to ensure heat dissipation, resulting in lower productivity. Another Difficulty with the Watson method and apparatus is that, due to the presence a large solid glass mass in the bottom or band portion of the vial a portion of the glass through the narrowed section of the mold can be printed upwards, resulting in the manufacture of items with incomplete Floor sections leads. Another difficulty is that the glass can collect on the mold plate leaves and the mold plate must therefore be flat or concave, resulting in objects with a convex shape Ground can lead, which are therefore not stable.

In a US patent owned by the assignee of this application which will be issued in late 1973 and which relates to the application Serial Uo. 778,645, a method and apparatus are disclosed in which a glass charge pressed into a hollow parison and then enclosed the parison in a finished mold, within the Blow the finished mold outwards and then the bottom is formed to produce an object with a heavy bottom section to manufacture. One such procedure and one

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Device "make use of, as well as" in the case of the patents Watson, a tub with a large glass mass at the end, which "slightly after the formation of the bottom section can often be pressed, leaving objects with incomplete Soil sections arise. Another difficulty consists in the fact that the parison is relatively unrestricted in the sideways direction and is therefore eccentric or "Banana" -shaped pods can form what to the production of asymmetrical objects or to a jamming of the objects between the Pormhälften when closing the same leads.

It is the object of the invention to provide an improved method and an improved device according to Miner et al create items with heavy bottomed or stemmed items evenly and consistently at high production speeds en are produced using the known processes and difficulties inherent in devices are avoided or alleviated.

It is a process for the production of glass objects, in which a batch of glass is formed in a parison shape to form an elongated hollow To form parisons, then enclosed in a finished mold, the one! Mold section to form the hollow

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Shell, a middle necked section as well has a wide section to form the bottom. A middle part of the parison becomes with the middle gate The finished mold is brought into cooperation, and part of the hollow parison is placed in the section of the mold extended in below the constricted portion. The hollow body section of the parison is then in the direction outwardly onto the shell mold section and the bottom mold section to blow the finished form and finally one on the lower end portion of the expanded parison Force applied giving them a solid shape in accordance deformed with the bottom mold section of the finished mold and a movable mold plate Section is dimensioned and arranged in such a way that it is touched by the parison when the finished mold is closed so to act as a bearing or guide, thereby keeping the parison coaxial or centered around a even bottom section on the finished object to produce «The constricted section also causes a delay in the downward movement of the parison and acts hence when monitoring the amount of glass in the floor section of the object with "

Show it:

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Fig. 1 is a view of a type of article made in accordance with the invention;

Pig. Figure 2 is a view of another type of article made in accordance with the invention;

Pig. "3 - 11 vertical sections to show the relative location of the parts at different times during the manufacture of the items,

Pig. 12 is a partially schematic representation of part of the device according to the invention;

Pig. 13 is a partial view in the direction of the arrow in Pig. 12,

Pig. 14 a vertical partial section through a modified object,

Pig. 15 shows a vertical section through a device for heating localized sections of a glass object before stretching,

Pig. 16 is a view similar to Pig. 13 for illustration the parts in a different working position,

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Pig. 17 is a vertical elevation of an article of a other species that can be produced according to the invention,

.Fig. 18 a vertical partial section of another type of object, which can be produced according to the invention,

19 is a plan view from below of an object of a other species that can be produced according to the invention,

Pig. Figure 20 is a vertical elevation of an article of another type made in accordance with the invention can be,

Pig. Figure 21 is a vertical elevation of an article of another type made in accordance with the invention can be,

Pig. Figure 22 is a vertical elevation of an article of another type made in accordance with the invention can be,

Pig. Figure 23 is a vertical elevation of another article shape made in accordance with the invention can,

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Pig. 24 shows a section along line 24-24 in Pig. 23,

Pig. 25 is a schematic plan view of a machine according to the invention.

Bs is initially on Pig. 1 referred to. The procedure according to the invention is used to produce a hollow glass object 10 with a hollow shell part 11 and a large bottom part 12. The one in Pig. 1 shown The subject is the bottom part 12 through a middle section 13 with a smaller cross-section than that of the bottom section 12 is connected to the shell part 11. The procedure can also be used to add items as shown in Pig. 2 to make the one Shell section 15, an enlarged bottom section 16 and a central stem portion 17 of smaller cross-section than that of the bottom 16.

The method is particularly suitable for implementation in Connection with a rotary press and a blow molding machine, in Pig. 25 shown schematically and consisting of a Number of individual sections stored on a turntable T. S. Each section S contains a one-piece parison mold 20 which extends into a position below a plunger 21 can move in and out of this, as well as ready-made molds, consisting of separable halves 22, which are in closing

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position with reference to the bucket (Fig. 3, 5) and from this ■ can be moved »

When the table T is rotated, each parison mold 20 is brought into position in the area of a conveying station and one Charge C of curable viscous material, such as glass, through device D to the upper open end of the Külbelform 20 brought up. Charge C comes in the form in the in Pig. 3 position to rest.

The parison mold 20 includes a hollow mold that gradually slopes downward toward a relatively thick end 23 too tapered. The plunger 21 has a generally conical shape and terminates in an elongated tip

As in 3Pig. 4, the plunger 21 is moved downward into the glass filling quantity 0 in the parison mold 20, while the table rotates to form a parison P having a hollow portion 25 which is inserted into a heavy end or apex section 26 passes. A wearable neck ring 21a forms part of the upper end of the parison P. The plunger 21 and parison mold 20 are then moved axially away from the neck ring 21a by to remove the parison from the parison mold, as shown in FIG. 5, and the mold halves of a

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Finished form 22 closed. The halves of the finished mold 22, when brought together, form a hollow Shell-shaped section 27, a central constricted Section 28 and a bottom mold section 29. Each pair of mold halves is also a movable mold plate 30 which operates within a hollow section 31 to be described below.

When the item to be made is symmetrical by he has surfaces of revolution, the finished form 22 consists of a circumferential box shape, but if the object is asymmetrical in that not all sections are surfaces of revolution, then a non-circumferential metal shape can be used can be used as a finished form.

Immediately after the parison P has been removed from or stripped from the parison mold 20, in complete use of a ready-made box mold initiates the rotation of the parison while the parison begins to expand or to sag under the action of gravity (Fig. 6), so that at the end of the Movement of the mold halves to enclose the parison, the hollow section 31 of the parison is in the position shown in FIG. 6 and 7 is the position shown. Part of the hollow section of the parison is below the inserted

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laced section 28 of the finished form. The parcel sags then further down, like in Pig. 7 and comes into contact with the mold plate 30.

Air is first introduced into the parison, as in Pig. 8, around the central constricted portion 33 of the parison, which is in the area of the constricted portion 28 of the finished mold 22 is located against the constricted portion 28 to press the finished form 22 outwards. If, for any reason, the container is closed when the If the finished form is not in the center of the axis of the finished form, then the constricted section 28 detects this Parcel and move it into a concentric position with respect to the shape. Further application of blown air will the hollow portion 25 of the parison is blown outwardly against the shell mold portion 27 of the finished mold 22, such as shown in Figs. Finally, the mold plate 30 is moved up while the table rotates, to press the glass into the solid shape in correspondence with the bottom mold portion 29 of the finished mold (Fig. 10 and 11).

By initially blowing the central portion 33 of the parison outward against the necked portion 28, the parison is generally centrally referenced

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guided on the mold plate 30 and held in this position, so that "when air is further blown into the parison, the center of the parison is essentially on the Center of the "mold plate" remains and so is an essentially symmetrical floor is created even if there are heat differences between one and the other There are parisons that could cause the parison to move out of center. The interaction of the parison with the constricted portion causes also a delay or dimensioning of the glass flow downwards and thus supports the monitoring of the Amount of glass in the bottom portion of the finished article with ο

If the finished object has the shape shown in Fig. 3, then there will be enough glass in the bottom portion of the vial so that the finished object has a surface 34 (Fig. 11) that is generally flat on the inside of the shell portion thereof is. On the other hand, if the object is to be deformed into an object with a stem, then additional glass is provided in the bottom, so that after the upward movement of the mold plate 30, the object has the shape shown in FIG. 14, in which the surface '35 on the Inside of the

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Shell portion of the object protrudes upward.

The device for moving the mold plate 30 up and down within the finished form is in the. Jig. 12 and 13 shown. It comprises an air motor 36 connected to each mold plate 30 and mounted on an arm 37 which is fastened to the plate 30 by means of a YFe He 38 in a position in the region of the lower end of a and can be pivoted into and out of this from there downwardly extending torsion 39. The air motor 36 includes a piston 40 which can be brought into cooperation with the projection 39. The connection between the VYeHe 38 and the arm 37 takes place via a spring 41 threaded between the arm 37 and an adjustable nut 42 on a Shaft 43 is compressed, which is articulated to a lever 44 attached to the shaft 38. A pendulum valve 45 selectively controls a flow of air to the flow control valves 46, 47, which with the opposite Ends of the air motor 36 are connected. Operation of the air motor 36 leads to the. Piston 40 out so that he has the Plate 30 moved up. If the mold plate 30 encounters resistance as a result of the glass deformation, then the spring 41 is compressed and controls the force with which the glass is deformed. In its final upper Position is thus the plate 30 by the elastic

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Connection between the arm 37 and the shaft 38 is elastic after often pressed "until the end of the KoI" bens "40 the part of the mold 22 "which supports the plate 30.

The flow control valves are effective in that they control the "time" when the piston 40 is pushed upward. This makes it possible to set each section S of the machine on the table T individually so that his respective mold plate 30 according to the individual requirements of the section is moved up.

The use of the adjustable spring support of the arm 37 allows an individual adjustment of the force with which the mold plate 30 of each section S the glass in the section deformed.

If it is desired to make items with a handle, which have an elongated stem for connecting the base to the main section or the shell section, then the glass object, as in Pig. 14 shown transferred to a station in which the shell section and the bottom section are moved axially relative to one another, to stretch the thickened central portion 13 and form an elongated stem. Such a stretching device gets into the Pig. 15 and 16 shown.

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According to the Pig. 15 and 16, the stretching device includes a bearing yoke 50 which supports the partially molded article 10 receives in the state in which its shell portion 11 and its bottom portion 12 have solidified, however, the necked neck portion 13 (lig. 15) which is thicker and shorter than that in the finished article demanded stem section 17 (Pig. 16), still has not set completely or is at least still warm enough to be made editable by heating. The yoke 50, which at least partially comprises the shell portion of the partially molded article, supports the latter by detecting a circumferentially extending hat 51, which during the creation of the shell section 11 is formed at a point above the final car racing line X-X by corresponding Deformation of the inside of the mold in which the shell portion 11 is formed.

The yoke 50 may include two jaws 52 that close around the object (closed in FIGS. 15 and 16 shown), and which are shaped so that they generally correspond to the shape of the object to be detected by them; these jaws are preferably made of heat-insulating material or provided with this.

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The yoke 50 is made by a structure "consisting of Bearing rods 53, which hang down from a circumferential ring 54, carried, the Hing itself being rotatably supported by a fixed bearing plate 55. The rotation of the Hinges 54 and with it the yoke 50 and the object is effected by driving the ring 54 in an appropriate manner.

When picked up by the yoke 50, the bottom 12 of the partially shaped object is gripped by a split clamping ring 56, the two parts 56a of which in their open position in I ¹ Ig. 15 and in their closed position in Pig. 16 are shown. Semicircular grooves 57 on the ring parts 56a reach over the peripheral edge of the bottom part 12 of the object 10 and clamp it to a platform 58. Thermal insulation is provided between the object on the one hand and the platform 58 and the clamping ring 56 on the other hand.

The platform 58 is carried by a vertically movable rod 5'9 which is guided by means of bushings 60, 61 which are each fastened to fixed bearing plates 62, 63. A spring 64 pushes the rod up to the To bring the platform into an upper limit position, which in Pig. 15 is shown and by a stop cap

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65 is fixed on the rod 59 when it interacts with the underside of the bearing plate 62.

Before the clamping ring 56 is closed, the neck section 13 of the object 10 is preferably heated in the aforementioned state in order to make it workable by exposing it to the action of ring-shaped or horseshoe-shaped burners 66 while rotating it by driving the ring 54. t. The burners 66 are removed before the ring 56 is closed (see S ¹ Ig. 15) and the vertically movable rod 59 is then actuated in order to bring the platform 58 slowly into a lower limit position (Pig. 16), which is caused by a stop Throw 68 is determined when it interacts with the upper side of the bearing plate 63. Since the base plate 12 of the object 10 is clamped to the platform 58, this activity creates a stretching of the constricted neck section 13 to form the desired stem section 17 with a length that extends through the position of the cover 67 on the rod 59 is determined. The platform 58 is held in its lower position until the handle 17 has solidified due to increased or natural air cooling, after which a final burn at height XS can be carried out either before or after the object is removed from the stretching device.

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The method and the device according to the invention enable the manufacture of glass objects of various shapes, such as "for example in FIGS. 17" to 23 shown in a powerful manner and "at high speeds. In particular, as in Pig. 17, the glass object 70 has a shell part 71, a bottom 72 and a central connecting part 73. The lower section 71 has vertically extending grooves 74 that extend on its outside. These grooves on the outside are grounded by appropriate deformation of the finished mold, and the parison is not referred to during the final molding in the finished mold rotated the finished form.

In the article shown in FIG. 18, the bottom 75 is provided with a concave symmetrical shape as shown at 76. This is achieved by appropriately designing the mold plate 30 and by letting the mold plate 30 with the object circulate while it is being deformed in the finished molds _{or the like}

In the object shown in FIG. 19, the lower end of the finished form and the A square foot 77 is formed on the top of the mold plate between the parison and the finished form during molding

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- - 20 avoided in the finished form.

For professionals on this. The area lies on other forms of the hand. For example, as shown in FIG. 20, the object 78 has a shell part 79, a bottom part 80 and a middle part 81. The outside of the shell part 79 is circumferentially spaced Tooth molds 82 are provided which are formed in the finished mold. In the manufacture of the article according to FIG a circulation between the parison and the finished form is avoided during molding.

In the form of an object shown in FIG. 21, this object 83 includes a shell portion 84, a Bottom section 85 and an intermediate section 86. The section 86 has raised portions 87 which are formed by suitable tooth shapes in the constricted portion of the finished shape are formed. In the manufacture of the article according to FIG. 21, one cycle is made between the finished mold and the kettle avoided.

In the case of the article shown in FIG. 22, the article includes a shell section 89, a bottom section 90 and a central portion 91 with vertically extending raised portions 92 which are constricted by the Section can be formed if there is no between the parison and the finished form during the molding of the article Circulation takes place.

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In the form according to the invention shown in Figures 23 and 24 is the inside of the shell portion of the article is provided with helical ribs 95, which are obtained by the use of a ribbed Plungers are formed when the parison is formed.

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Claims (4)

1. A method for producing an object with a hollow shell and a central constricted section, which connects the bowl to a heavy base, made of viscous material softened by heat through the following process steps: Bringing a Charging quantity through heat-softened material to an open parison mold, deformation of the charging quantity in the Kiilbelform in the form of an axially elongated Kiilbels with an essentially conically shaped 'hollow body, the integrally merges into an axially protruding heavy end section at the apex end thereof, the mass of which is sufficient, the necked-in portion and the heavy bottom of the article to form, transferring the parison in a vertical position into a finished mold with a hollow shell mold section, a central necked portion and an enlarged bottom mold portion including one Bottom plate, let the parison sag under the action of gravity, so that when it is included in the finished form the lower end of the hollow body portion of the parison lies in areas of the central constricted portion of the finished form and part of the parison in close proximity to the constricted portion of the finished form is, applying pressure in the Hohlkör by portion of the Külbels, around part of the Külbels with the constricted To bring section of the finished form into contact before a significant amount of heat softened material - 23 509 819/0873 rials accumulates on the bottom plate, after which -more pressure is used in the hollow body section of the KuITDeI, around the hollow body section to the outside onto the shell shape to 'press the finished form, and exercise an outer axially directed force .on the heavy end section by moving the bottom plate to the axially protruding heavy end section of the parison into a shape in accordance with the bottom mold section of the finished mold 2. "The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the Parison is rotated essentially continuously during the inclusion in the finished form «, 5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that additional material softened by heat can flow under the necked-down portion, so that upon application the axial force of the finished object inside the shell section has a shape that fits into the cavity of the Shell part of the finished article protrudes into it. 4. The method according to claim 36, characterized in that the object is removed from the finished form after the main section has settled and heat is still present in the middle constricted section is, and the main section and the bottom are then moved axially away from each other to the middle to stretch the necked portion and create a stemmed article. 509819/0873 L e r ~ s "e i t e