DE2348640C2 - Coupling arrangement - Google Patents
Coupling arrangementInfo
- Publication number
- DE2348640C2 DE2348640C2 DE19732348640 DE2348640A DE2348640C2 DE 2348640 C2 DE2348640 C2 DE 2348640C2 DE 19732348640 DE19732348640 DE 19732348640 DE 2348640 A DE2348640 A DE 2348640A DE 2348640 C2 DE2348640 C2 DE 2348640C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- coupling
- voltage
- input
- switched
- coupling element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q3/00—Selecting arrangements
- H04Q3/42—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker
- H04Q3/52—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker using static devices in switching stages, e.g. electronic switching arrangements
- H04Q3/521—Circuit arrangements for indirect selecting controlled by common circuits, e.g. register controller, marker using static devices in switching stages, e.g. electronic switching arrangements using semiconductors in the switching stages
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/60—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being bipolar transistors
- H03K17/62—Switching arrangements with several input- output-terminals, e.g. multiplexers, distributors
- H03K17/6221—Switching arrangements with several input- output-terminals, e.g. multiplexers, distributors combined with selecting means
- H03K17/6228—Switching arrangements with several input- output-terminals, e.g. multiplexers, distributors combined with selecting means using current steering means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/60—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being bipolar transistors
- H03K17/62—Switching arrangements with several input- output-terminals, e.g. multiplexers, distributors
- H03K17/6235—Switching arrangements with several input- output-terminals, e.g. multiplexers, distributors with storage of control signal
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
- H03K17/60—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being bipolar transistors
- H03K17/68—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices the devices being bipolar transistors specially adapted for switching ac currents or voltages
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K3/00—Circuits for generating electric pulses; Monostable, bistable or multistable circuits
- H03K3/02—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses
- H03K3/26—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback
- H03K3/28—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback
- H03K3/281—Generators characterised by the type of circuit or by the means used for producing pulses by the use, as active elements, of bipolar transistors with internal or external positive feedback using means other than a transformer for feedback using at least two transistors so coupled that the input of one is derived from the output of another, e.g. multivibrator
Description
3 43 4
Dadurch erhält man neben dem Vorteil des be- liegt am Emitter des npn-Transistors 34, dussen KoI-As a result, in addition to the advantage of being located on the emitter of the npn transistor 34, the KoI-
schkunigten Zuschaltens der Pilotspannung den lektor an die Versorgungsspannung UBl und dessenSchkunigen switching on the pilot voltage the lektor to the supply voltage U Bl and its
weiteren Vorteil, daß für das Abschalten eines Kop- Basis an die weitere Versorgungsspannung +UBs ge-further advantage that for switching off a Kop base to the further supply voltage + U Bs
pelpunktes die Angabe, um welchen Koppelpunkt es führt ist. Der Ausgang V ist ferner über denArbeits-pelpunktes the indication of which crosspoint it leads around. The output V is also available via the work
sich handelt, erforderlich ist, wodurcL Fehlbedin- 5 widerstand 18 und den dazu in Serie geschaltetenwhat is required is what causes the fault condition 5 resistance 18 and the connected in series to it
gungen verringert werden. Kontakt t an Masse geführt.be reduced. Contact t led to ground.
Die Kippschaltung kann dabei aus zwei Transisto- Die Signaldurchschaltung erfolgt über die Diode 23The flip-flop can consist of two transistors. The signal is switched through via the diode 23
ren bestehen, von denen einer der beiden Transisto- und den Transistor 32. Die Transistorea 31 und 32Ren exist, of which one of the two transistors and the transistor 32. The transistors 31 and 32
ren zur Signaldurchschaltung dient. bilden zusammen mit den Widerständen 13, 14 undren is used for signal switching. form together with resistors 13, 14 and
Will man mehrere Signale gleichzeitig oder bei- 10 17 und dem Arbeitswiderstand 18 eine bistabile spielsweise erdsymmetrische Signale durchschalten, so Kippstufe zum Speichern des Schaltzustandes. Im ist es vorteilhaft, in der gleichen Kippstufe weitere durchgeschalteten Zustand ist der Transistor 31 in Transistoren zur Signaldurchschaltung anzuordnen, der Sättigung und der Transistor 32, der als Emitüber die die weiteren Signale geführt sind. Dadurch terfolger geschaltet ist, in einem aktiven Arbeitswird ein Transistor der Kippstufe mehrfach ausge- 15 punkt. Im gesperrten Schaltzustand des Koppelelenutzt. ments sind beide Transistoren 31 und 32 gesperrt. An Hand der bekannten Schaltung nach Fig. 1 so- Die Dioden 21 und 22 und die Widerstände 11 und wie den Ausführungsbeispielen nach den Fig. 2 und4 12 sorgen für die im Koppelelement vorgesehenen sowie dem Diagramm nach F i g. 3 wird die Erfindung logischen Verknüpfungen der Steuer- und Meldenäher erläutert. 20 signale.If you want several signals at the same time or with 10 17 and the working resistance 18 a bistable For example, switch signals balanced to the ground, such as a flip-flop to save the switching state. in the If it is advantageous, in the same trigger stage, the transistor 31 in FIG To arrange transistors for signal switching, the saturation and the transistor 32, which is called Emitüber which the other signals are guided. As a result, the follower is switched to an active working mode a transistor of the flip-flop several times. Used in the locked switching state of the coupling. ments, both transistors 31 and 32 are blocked. On the basis of the known circuit according to FIG. 1 so- The diodes 21 and 22 and the resistors 11 and as in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 2 and 4, 12 provide for the ones provided in the coupling element as well as the diagram according to FIG. 3 the invention is the logical linkages of the control and signaling machine explained. 20 signals.
In F i g. 1 ist ein Koppelelement gezeigt, wie es aus Mehrere vorstehend beschriebene KoppelelementeIn Fig. 1 shows a coupling element as it is composed of several coupling elements described above
der Offenlegungsschrift 1 949 406 bekannt ist. können zu einem Koppelfeld vereinigt sein.the Offenlegungsschrift 1 949 406 is known. can be combined to form a switching network.
Bei dem in F i g. 1 gezeigten Koppelelement wird Mit Hilfe einer Abfrageeinrichtung, die zum Beidas Wechselstrom-Eingangssignal an den Eingang Q spiel ein Rechner sein kann, läßt sich feststellen, mit gelegt. Der Eingang Q ist. über die Diode 23 mit der 25 welchem Eingang ein bestimmter Ausgang verbun-Basis des Transistors 32 verbunden, dessen Emitter an den ist. Für den jeweils eingeschalteten angesprocheden Ausgang V der Wechselstrom-Torschaltung ge- nen Koppelpunkt ist wie bereits vorstehend ausgelegt ist. Die Basis des Transistors 32 ist über den Wi- führt, die Piloteinspeisung für die Dauer der Einderstand 14 an Masse und über den Widerstand 1~> schaltung unterbrochen, da über den durchgeschal- und die dazu in Serie geschaltete Kollektor-Emitter- 30 teten Koppelpunkt zugleich der Pilot geführt wird. Strecke des weiteren Transistors 31 an die Versor- Sobald ein solcher eingeschalteter Koppelpunkt durch gungsspannung UB , geführt. Der Kollektor des Tran- die Ausschaltspannung, die ein öffnen des Schalsistors 32 ist mit der Basis des Transistors 31 verbun- ters t bewirkt und bei der es sich um eine impulsden und über den Widerstand 17 an die Versorgungs- förmige Spannung handelt, wobei der Impuls aus spannung + UB , geführt. Der Transistor 32 ist vom 35 Sicherheitsgründen eine bestimmte Impulsdauer auf-Typ npn, der Transistor 31 vom Typ pnp. weisen muß, damit ein sicheres Abschalten des Kop-In the case of the FIG. 1 is shown with the help of an interrogation device, which can be a computer to play the AC input signal at the input Q, can be determined with placed. The input Q is. Via the diode 23 with the 25 which input a certain output is connected to the verbun-base of the transistor 32, the emitter of which is connected to the. For the respectively switched-on addressed output V of the alternating current gate circuit, the coupling point is designed as already above. The base of the transistor 32 is interrupted via the Wi- leads, the pilot feed for the duration of the single resistor 14 to ground and via the resistor 1 ~> circuit, since via the through-connected and the collector-emitter connected in series coupling point at the same time the pilot is guided. Route of the further transistor 31 to the supply As soon as such a switched-on coupling point by supply voltage U B , out. The collector of the transit turn-off, the opening of a Schalsistors 32 is connected to the base of transistor 31 connectedness ters t effected and it is in a impulsden and via the resistor 17 shaped to the supply voltage, the pulse from voltage + U B , led. The transistor 32 is for safety reasons a certain pulse duration on-type npn, the transistor 31 of the type pnp. must indicate so that a safe shutdown of the head
Die vorstehend erläuterte Schaltung bildet eine bi- pelelements gewährleistet ist, ausgeschaltet wird, wird stabile Kippstufe, die vorteilhaft am Kollektor des über einen Transistor 34, wie bereits in Fig. 1 erTransistors 31 durch Steuerimpulse einschaltbar ist läutert, ein Ersatzpilot eingespeist, jedoch erst dann und dadurch ausgeschaltet werden kann, daß der am 40 wenn der Schalter t wieder geschlossen ist. Da je-Ausgang V der Wechselstrom-Torschaltung entnom- doch der Koppelpunkt im allgemeinen bereits bei Beinen· Strom mit Hilfe des Schalters ί unterbrochen ginn des Impulses abgeschaltet ist, wäre daher grundwird Der Kollektor des Transistors 31 ist über den sätzlich bereits zu diesem Zeitpunkt die Einspeisung Widerstand 12 und den dazu in Serie geschalteten dieses Ersatzpiloten möglich.The circuit explained above forms a double element is guaranteed, is switched off, a stable flip-flop, which is advantageous at the collector of the transistor 31 can be switched on via a transistor 34, as already shown in FIG and can be switched off by the fact that the on 40 when the switch t is closed again. Since the output V of the alternating current gate circuit is taken from the coupling point in general already with the legs current is switched off with the help of the switch ί interrupted at the beginning of the pulse, the collector of the transistor 31 would also be above the additional already at this point in time Feed resistor 12 and this replacement pilot connected in series are possible.
Widerstand 11 an den Einschalteingang e geführt. Der 45 Eine Schaltungsanordnung, durch die ein Verkür-Verbindungspunkt
der Widerstände 11 und 12 ist zen der Unterbrechung der Piloteinspeisung vorgeeinerseits
über die in Durchlaßrichtung gepolte Diode nommen werden kann, ist in F i g. 2 gezeigt.
21 an den einen Steuereingang χ und andererseits Der Koppelpunkt selber ist dabei wieder so ausüber
die ebenfalls in Durchlaßrichtung gepolte wei- gebildet wie der in F i g. 1 beschriebene Koppelpunkt,
tere Diode 22 an den Steuereingang y gelegt. 50 Zusätzlich wird jedoch zwischen der Diode 22 undResistor 11 led to the switch-on input e . The 45 A circuit arrangement by means of which a shortening connection point of the resistors 11 and 12 can be taken in advance of the interruption of the pilot feed via the diode polarized in the forward direction is shown in FIG. 2 shown.
21 to the one control input χ and on the other hand the coupling point itself is again formed via the one which is also polarized in the forward direction as that in FIG. 1 coupling point described, tere diode 22 placed at the control input y. 50 In addition, however, between the diode 22 and
Sämtliche Anschlüsse x, y, e, Q und V sind mit den dem Relaiskontakt y eine Abzweigung geschaffen, die
entsprechenden Anschlüssen weiterer, in der Figur zu einer Vergleichsschaltung 3 führt,
nicht näher dargestellter Koppelelemente vielfach An dieser Vergleichsschaltung liegt zugleich eine
geschaltet. Dabei ist der Steuereingang χ über den Referenzspannung. Sobald der y-Kontakt geschlossen
Kontakt x' an Bezugspotential und über das Volt- 55 ist, fällt die Eingangsspannung an der Vergleichsmeter Vx an die Spannung t/Bs geführt. Der weitere schaltung unter die Referenzspannung ab, wodurch
Steueranschluß y ist über den Kontakt y' an Masse am Ausgang der Vergleichsschaltung 3 kein Signal
und über das Voltmeter Vy an die Versorgungsspan- abgegeben wird. Ist der y-Kontakt geöffnet und der
nungC/ßj angeschlossen. Der Einschalteingang e Koppelpunkt durchgeschaltet, so entsteht am Ausliegt
bei der einen Stellung des Kontaktes e' an Masse 60 gang des Vergleichsgliedes eine Spannung, die einem
und in der anderen Kontaktstellung an der Versor- UND-Gatter 4 zugeführt ist. Dem zweiten Eingang
gungsspannung UB v des UND-Gatters 4 wird die Ausschaltspannung fürAll connections x, y, e, Q and V are branched off with the relay contact y, the corresponding connections of further ones, in the figure leading to a comparison circuit 3,
Coupling elements not shown in greater detail, in many cases. One is connected to this comparison circuit at the same time. The control input χ is above the reference voltage. As soon as the y-contact is closed, contact x 'is at reference potential and above the volt-55, the input voltage at the comparison meter Vx is led to the voltage t / Bs . The further switching below the reference voltage, as a result of which control connection y is via the contact y 'to ground at the output of the comparison circuit 3 and no signal is output via the voltmeter Vy to the supply voltage. Is the y-contact open and the voltageC / ßj connected. The switch- on input e coupling point is switched through, so there is a voltage at the output in the one position of the contact e ' at the ground 60 output of the comparison element, which is fed to one contact position and to the supply AND gate 4 in the other contact position. The second input supply voltage U B v of the AND gate 4 is the switch-off voltage for
Der Signaleingang Q ist über die Sekundärwick- das Koppelelement zugeleitet. Sobald beide Span-The signal input Q is fed to the coupling element via the secondary winding. As soon as both clamping
Iung42 des Eingangsübertragers 4 an die Versor- nungen am UND-Gatter anstehen, ist das GatterIung42 of the input transformer 4 to which supplies are pending at the AND gate is the gate
nungsspannung VB 2 geführt. An der Primärwicklung 65 durchgeschaltet und gibt seinerseits einen Ausgangs-voltage V B 2 out. Connected to the primary winding 65 and in turn gives an output
41 des Eingangsübertragers 4 wird das Wechselstrom- impuls auf das Relais Γ ab, wodurch der Schalter t 41 of the input transformer 4 is the alternating current pulse on the relay Γ from, whereby the switch t
Eingangssignal angelegt. geöffnet wird. Kippt der Koppelpunkt in den ausge-Input signal applied. is opened. If the coupling point tilts into the extended
Der Ausgang V der Wechselstrom-Torschaltung schalteten Zustand, so verschwindet die SpannungThe output V of the AC gate circuit switched state, so the voltage disappears
am Ausgang des Vergleichsgliedes 3, wodurch der Schalter t sofort wieder geschlossen wird und die Gleichstromversorgung wiederhergestellt ist, so daß die Piloteinspeisung wieder erfolgen kann, ohne daß die gesamte Zeitdauer des anstehenden Ausschaltimpulses abgewartet werden muß.at the output of the comparison element 3, whereby the switch t is immediately closed again and the direct current supply is restored so that the pilot injection can take place again without having to wait for the entire duration of the pending switch-off pulse.
In Fig. 3 ist ein Diagramm gezeigt, das die Vorgänge noch besser erläutern soll. Die Zeile α zeigt den Ausschaltimpuls, in Zeile b ist die Spannung am Ausgang des Vergleichsgliedes 3 gezeigt und in Zeile c ist der so entstehende Ausgangsimpuls amA diagram is shown in FIG. 3, which is intended to explain the processes even better. Line α shows the switch-off pulse, line b shows the voltage at the output of the comparator 3 and line c shows the output pulse am generated in this way
r.r.
UND-Gatter, der das öffnen des Schalters t bewirkt, gezeigt.AND gate, which causes the switch t to open, is shown.
Eine Anordnung, bei der mehrere Signalein- und -ausgänge vorhanden sind, wobei ein Transistor der Kippstufe jeweils mehrfach ausgenutzt wird, ist in F i g. 4 gezeigt. Hierbei wird die Kippschaltung durch weitere Transistoren 32', Dioden 23' sowie die Widerstände 13' und 14' ergänzt. Mit Hilfe dieser Anordnungen können die weiteren Signale geschaltetAn arrangement in which there are several signal inputs and outputs, one transistor being the The flip-flop is used several times in each case is shown in FIG. 4 shown. Here the toggle switch is through further transistors 32 ', diodes 23' and resistors 13 'and 14' added. With the help of these arrangements the other signals can be switched
ίο werden. Im übrigen ist die Schaltung gleich aufgebaut wie diejenige nach F i g. 2.ίο be. Otherwise the circuit has the same structure like the one according to FIG. 2.
Hierzu 3 Blatt ZeichnungenFor this purpose 3 sheets of drawings
Claims (5)
nung abgibt, wenn der Koppelpunkt durchge- Einer oder einer Gruppe von vorgenannten bista-gang contains, so that the coupling element known by io coupling element, in which a switch-on at the same time activation of the control inputs th of the coupling element with a switch-on potential by tilting into a stable position, the signal path can be activated input in the switched-on state and by briefly interrupting the toggle switch via a switching path the power supply is connected to the other stable supply voltage and tilts when the closed position is switched off, whereby the signal path is interrupted. In this case, the input is fed by a pilot to which a series connection of two resistors is not fed to an occupied output line, in order to switch on the flip-flop circuit from reference ground, characterized by the fact that the current potential is interrupted by a switch (/) which can be switched to a DC voltage - 20 switching input and the connection point of the chen, which is controlled via an AND gate (4), each of which is connected to one of resistors via a diode, one input of which is used to switch off the two control inputs, which are used to switch on the coupling element with a control voltage reference potential is applied to the flip-flop circuit at the same time and its other input can be disconnected via, the diodes being polarized by a comparator (3) with one of the control or 25 that they are connected to the switching input and the reference potential when the DC voltage is applied to the signaling terminal of the coupling element to which is and that comparison ch section (3) then a span control inputs are permeable,
output when the crosspoint is through one or a group of the aforementioned bista-
gnaldurchschalrung dient. Durch diese Maßnahmen erhält man den Vorteil,4. Coupling arrangement according to one of the preceding 45 with one of the control or reporting terminals of the Kophenden claims, characterized in that pelelementes is connected and that the comparative flip-flop consists of two transistors, then emits a voltage when the coupling of which one of the member both transistors to the Si- point is switched through.
gnaldurchschalrung serves. These measures have the advantage of
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19732348640 DE2348640C2 (en) | 1973-09-27 | 1973-09-27 | Coupling arrangement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19732348640 DE2348640C2 (en) | 1973-09-27 | 1973-09-27 | Coupling arrangement |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2348640B1 DE2348640B1 (en) | 1975-01-16 |
DE2348640C2 true DE2348640C2 (en) | 1975-08-14 |
Family
ID=5893840
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19732348640 Expired DE2348640C2 (en) | 1973-09-27 | 1973-09-27 | Coupling arrangement |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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DE (1) | DE2348640C2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT8435532V0 (en) * | 1984-01-23 | 1984-01-23 | Selenia Spazio Spa | SOLID STATE "RELAY" FOR SPATIAL AND AVIONIC USES |
-
1973
- 1973-09-27 DE DE19732348640 patent/DE2348640C2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2348640B1 (en) | 1975-01-16 |
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