DE2342206A1 - INCINERATOR FOR SOLID, PASTEY OR LIQUID HOUSEHOLD AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE - Google Patents

Description

85025 "DIPL-PHYS. WILLY LORENZ, PATENT LAWYER, 803h ΘΑΙ'ΤΙΦί, HU BERTUSHTRASSE 83 ¹ / * · «(0811) ····«

August 21, 1 973 My files: m 64-j, DT

ETABLISSEMENT MANITRA
Vaduz (Principality of Liechtenstein)

Incinerator for solid, pasty or liquid. Household and industrial waste

The invention relates to an incinerator for solid, paste-like or liquid household and industrial waste, which can be made mobile by attaching a wheel set and the one on a frame having mounted frustoconical rotatable furnace on Both ends of which are fixed pre- and / or post-combustion chambers are provided, one of which receives the waste supplied by a mechanical loading device and the one both are connected to a clarifying cyclone via a gas discharge line, the rotatable cell of the furnace being mechanically operated Means is set in continuous or alternating rotary motion.

The incinerator according to the invention is characterized in that that each fixed chamber provided at each end of the rotatable cell of the furnace is removed by a slide in such a way from the Gas discharge line can be insulated that the discharge in countercurrent

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can be introduced into the front fixed chamber , where the waste is introduced for pre-incineration of low-quality waste and afterburning of the gases, or in such a way that the gases move in the direction of the advancement of the waste in the furnace to the rear fixed chamber for incineration of the high-quality waste and the gases are conducted.

Furthermore, the incinerator according to the invention is thereby marked that the combustion air supply darcü in each Chamber of the furnace opening and fully or partially closable openings is controllable and the two fixed Chambers on each side of the drenbareii cell of the furnace burner and / or injectors for burning all, even and inferior, solid, pasty, liquid or gaseous waste or have neutralization solutions; these openings are provided in such a way that the combustion air penetrating into the waste either stimulates the combustion of the Waste and the gases released from them are blown in, or to slow down the combustion process in whole or in part is stopped.

The frustoconical cell of the rotatable furnace consists of a wall made of concrete or any other refractory material and is surrounded by a sheet metal jacket; it is by it characterized in that the frustoconical inner wall consists of prefabricated sector-shaped elements which with their sides joined together result in conical rings, which in turn are connected to one another at their ends. The components of the rings, as well as the rings themselves, are attached to one another by joints, which after assembly in grooves located on the edges of the sectors and rings be potted, the straight ones holding the sectors together Joints run continuously the entire length of the cell, while the circular joints for the rings

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are interrupted at regular intervals.

Another feature of the rotatable cell of the furnace is that the combustion air is supplied through openings in a large number of protruding, pyramid-shaped, molded on the prefabricated elements are located on the inner wall of the rotatable The cells are distributed and the waste swirls as it is advanced during combustion, these openings in open into a central hole which crosses the refractory wall near each nozzle and meets with ducts which open on the The circumference of the frustoconical cell run in the longitudinal direction and end in transverse grooves of a ring attached to the large base of the cell, each of which has two longitudinal channels with one another associate.

The distribution of combustion air in the rotating cell is ensured by openings in the dumbbell surrounding the cell and during the rotation of the latter can be partially covered by a sheet metal belt which extends into a hood into which a fan supplies air , in such a way that the combustion air is distributed only through the nozzles which they are at the height of the waste during the rotation of the furnace.

Below is a preferred embodiment of the invention for example, described in more detail with reference to the schematic drawing; show it:

Pig. 1 is a side view of the incinerator according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same;

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BATH ORIGINAL

Fig. 3 is a side view of the incinerator, in which the sheet metal jacket of the rotatable cell is partially omitted became; ^

4 shows a longitudinal section of the incinerator; Figure 5 is a front elevational view of the incinerator; Figure 6 is a rear end view of the incinerator;

Figure 7 is a cross-section of the rotatable cell of the incinerator near their large base;

8 is a perspective view of a structural detail of the rotatable cell of the furnace;

Figure 9 is a section illustrating the interconnection of the rotatable cell and the front fixed chamber of the furnace ;

Fig. 10 shows the seal in detail, which the seal between the fixed chambers and the rotatable cell of the furnace.

According to the drawings, in particular FIGS. 1 to 4, the combustion system according to the invention is frustoconical rotatable cell 1, which is connected to a fixed pre- and / or post-combustion chamber £ in which the Waste are introduced by means of a loading device 3. At the other end is the rotatable cell 1 with a second fixed post-combustion chamber 4 connected, which has an ash pan 5.

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The two fixed, the rotating combustion and conversion cell 1 surrounding chambers 2 and 4 are through each other connected to a discharge line 6 for the exhaust gases, which runs on the upper part and opens into a clarifying cyclone 7, above the there is a chimney 8.

The entire system rests on a frame 9, on which a wheel set can be attached if necessary in order to make the incineration system mobile.

On which the chambers 2 and 4 connecting line 6 are 'Slider 10 and 11 provided; the slide 10 is located at the exit of the pre-combustion and / or post-combustion chamber 2 and the slide 11 at the outlet of the post-combustion chamber 4. It is therefore easy to understand that by closing the slide 10 and opening the slide 11, the exhaust gases in the feed direction the waste is directed, which moves in the rotatable cell 1 from the chamber 2 to the chamber 4. In contrast to this, by opening the slide and closing the slide 11, the exhaust gases are directed in countercurrent to the Direction of advance of the waste. This double function in the feed direction and in the opposite direction makes this possible Burning of all solid, pasty or liquid, highly or low-quality waste as well as neutralization solutions. If necessary, it could be based on the solid pre-combustion and / or post-combustion skammer 2 a second chimney 8 »can be provided; the chamber 2 has an opening that normally goes through a removable cover 12 is closed, while another, also closed by a removable cover 13 The opening allows the waste to be introduced directly into this chamber 2 under the action of gravity.

The rotatable cell 1 of the furnace consists of a truncated cone

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shaped wall made of concrete or any other refractory Material composed of a plurality of rings 14 joined together at their ends; these rings themselves are formed from sectors 15, which in turn are attached to one another with their sides (FIG. 8). Sectors 15 will be After assembly, they are connected to one another by joints made in the grooves provided on the straight edges 16 to be shed. Then the rings 14 are interrupted by in those at the circular arc-shaped edges of the sectors 15 grooves located 17 grouted joints to each other attached. All the aforementioned elements are prefabricated and can easily be used in place of damaged oven elements will.

For introducing the combustion air into the rotatable cell 1 the inner wall is provided with numerous pyramid-shaped, molded on the sectors 15 nozzles 18, the number of which for decreases noticeably towards the small base of the cell. These nozzles protruding into the interior of the furnace contribute to the turbulence the waste during its advance; they contain an air inlet duct 19, several of which extend around the tip holes opening around each nozzle in order to ensure a good distribution of the combustion air in the middle of the waste. These air inlet ducts traverse the refractory wall of the rotatable cell 1 and end at the outer wall opposite the nozzles 18 in longitudinal channels 20, which along the Cell according to their surface lines extend either over their entire length or over part of their length (Fig. 3 and 8).

On the side of its large base, the rotatable cell 1 has a narrow ring 21 which is fastened by cast-in joints is and forms an inwardly raised lip 22 which reduces the opening of the cell and serves to hold sludge

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and hold back liquid waste so that it does not get between the abutting surfaces of the cell 1 and the fixed chamber 2 penetrate; the latter also still owns protruding V-shaped ramps 23 partially penetrating into the cell 1 near the horizontal part where there is waste is located in order to push it back and protect the joint, as can be seen from FIG.

On the circumference of the narrow Abscnlaßringes 21 are interrupted Grooves 24 are provided which are perpendicular to the longitudinal channels 20 with which they are connected by combine these in pairs (? ig. 3).

The rotatable cell 1 formed in this way is surrounded by an Elechmantel 25, de? ^{1 is} firmly connected to it and on its circumference raehrere d.ircli vaschiebbaren flaps 26 closed windows for checking .. wheel for ash removal of the air ducts 20 a. if v / eist. In the vicinity of the long 21, the jacket 25 carries openings 27 at intervals of the same name, which corresponded to the grooves 24 of this ring, in which the dumbbell is surrounded by a solid belt 28; the latter forms an air inlet hood 2S, albeit only in part of its circumference, so that the iron 18 which is in contact with the waste is supplied with incineration gas through the channels 20 v / ercen (Fig. 7). Lollcn 44 mounted on eccentric axes hold the necessary adjustable distance between the fixed belt 28 and the drainage sleeve 25. Prevent ζ / -excessive air supply and avoid any friction. The ilatibe 29 is supplied with combustion air via a line 30, which line emanates from a pipe 30 ′ running coaxially to the exhaust line 6 of the exhaust gases, so that the combustion air conducted into the various chambers of the furnace is heated (Fig. 3 and 6).

0 9 8 1 0 / Ö I 51
BAD ORlGiNAU

7342206

Around the one surrounding the refractory wall of the rotatable furnace Sheet metal jacket 25, a second jacket can be provided, which is located at a sufficient distance from the first so that a directed airflow coming from a fan can pass therethrough.

Open into the fixed pre- and / or post-combustion chamber 2 at its bottom openings 31, which via a pipe socket 32 are connected to the air supply line 30. At the top Part of the chamber 2 also open out openings 33, which are connected to the air supply duct via another pipe extension 34 30 are in connection (Fig. 3 and 4).

All openings open into the fixed post-combustion chamber 4 35, which are connected to the line 30 by a pipe socket 36 are (Figs. 3 and 4). Finally, they also open into the rotatable cell 1, in particular at its entrance Openings 37 "soft over a pipe socket 38 with the air supply line 30 are in connection (Figs. 4 and 6).

The regulation of the combustion air supply in the various Chambers of the furnace are made by means of valves which separate the pipe attachments from the supply line 30. That way it regulates a valve 39 on the pipe socket 32 to supply air through the openings 31 into the fixed chamber 2; a valve 40 on the pipe socket 34 regulates the air supply through the openings 33 into this very chamber. A valve 41 on the pipe socket regulates the air supply through the openings 35 into the fixed chamber 4 and a valve 42 (FIG. 6) on the pipe socket 38 the air supply through the openings 37 into the rotatable cell 1. Finally, a valve 43 regulates the supply line 30 the air supply into the hood 29, which supplies the channels 20 and consequently also the nozzles 18 of the rotatable cell 1.

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23A2206

The fixed pre-combustion and / or post-combustion chambers 2 and 4 each have burners and / or injectors 50 for ignition of the furnace and incineration of the low-quality waste.

The continuous or alternating rotation of the ^ combustion and conversion cell 1 takes place with the help of a link chain 51, which surrounds the furnace, is supported on stops M ^ and runs in a pivoting part 46, which with the Chain engaging sprocket surrounds that of an engine 47 is driven (Figs. 1 and 5). This device makes it possible to compensate for sliding phenomena that occur in Friction drives occur; With their help, the rigid mechanics of the drive devices can also be controlled by means of gears avoid. The stability and the storage of the rotatable cell 1 during its rotation is fastened to the frame 9 by Rolls 4b ensured, on which two races 49 firmly connected to the sheet metal jacket 25 are supported (Fig. 1 and 6).

The seals, which make the seal, between the rotating cell 1 and the fixed chambers 2, 4 each consist of an annular steel band 52, which by means of a ring attached to the jacket 25 and rotatable therewith; this steel band is by V-shaped lever 54 against one with the Fixed chamber connected support ring 53 pressed, the lever 54 in standing with the jacket 25 in fixed connection Hooks 55 are held in which they can be hooked. The pressure of each lever 54 against the steel band 52 and the support ring 53 is brought about by means of a spring 56, which acts on a nut 57, which acts on a threaded rod 58 the end of the lever 54 opposite the end pressing against the steel band 52 is screwed on. The mother 57 allows adjustment of the pressure of the spring 56 and the

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Release of the lever 54 from the hook 55 (FIG. 10) for the purpose of disassembly.

The waste loading device 3, whether it is with Sennecke, slide or any other system, is attached by means of screw jacks 59 on either side of the chamber 2 are attached and on each side of the loading device hook in, making the latter easy to replace and detach, e.g. to replace it with an additional, to replace chamber 60 provided with burners and / or injectors 50.

Expectations

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Claims (1)

a t e η t a η s ρ r ü c h e 1 1./incineration plant for solid, paste-like or liquid household and industrial waste, which can be made mobile by attaching a Jiadsatzes if necessary and has a tamped cone-shaped cre are /-.;der llachverbrenn jngs icammern provided ven which one of the mechanical üesc-iickongsgerät srgoführten waste receiving and both connected ^r clone a Gasabzagsleituiig with a Kiar33, characterized in that each fixed pre- and /. .the afterburning chamber (2, · '";) from the gas discharge line (6) darcii a slide (" U ¹ , 11) is insulated in such a way that the exhaust gases counter to the advancement of the solid, paste-like or liquid filling can be conducted in the furnace. 2. Incineration plant £ .ür solid, paste-like "or liquid household and industrial waste with a rotatable furnace, at both ends of which solid pre- and / or IJachverbrnungsl ^ amern are provided, characterized in that the combustion air supply through into each chamber of the Oven opening .uid is fully or partially closable, openable controllable and the two fixed chambers (2,4) burners and / or injectors (50) sum all, high and low 'derv / ertiger, solid, pasty, liquid or gaseous waste or neutralization solutions, these openings are provided in such a way that the combustion air penetrating the waste is either blown in to stimulate the combustion of the waste and the gases released from it or is wholly or partially stopped to slow down the combustion process. 409810/0 451 BAD ORiOiNAl. 3. Incinerator for solid, pasty or liquid household and industrial waste with a frustoconical rotatable furnace whose wall made of concrete or any other refractory material is surrounded by a sheet metal jacket and which is set in continuous or alternating rotation by mechanical means, as characterized , that the cone 1 frustum-shaped inner wall of the furnace consists of prefabricated sector-shaped elements (15) which, with their sides joined together, result in conical rings (14) which in turn are connected to one another at their ends, these elements and rings (14) being fastened to one another by joints are, the grooves (16) located at the edges of the sectors and rings over the entire length of the frustoconical furnace (1) are cast, while the joints cast in circular edges between the rings (14) are interrupted at regular intervals. 4. Incineration plant for solid, paste-like or liquid household and industrial waste with a rotatable between two solid pre-combustion and / or post-combustion chambers, the waste being introduced into one of these chambers, in particular in the front one, characterized in that the with A screw, slide or injector-working waste loading device (3) is removable and replaceable and for this purpose is attached by means of lateral fastening hooks provided on each side of the front fixed chamber, whereby the waste is also fed directly into the fixed front front under the action of gravity - and / or post-combustion chamber (2), which for this purpose has a closable upper opening (13). 5. Incinerator according to claims 2 and 3, dadiirch characterized in that the supply of combustion air into the 40981Q / Q4S1 frustoconical, rotatable cell (1) of the furnace by means of Openings takes place, which are formed in a plurality of pyramid-shaped, on the prefabricated elements (15) Nozzles (18) are located on the inner wall of the rotatable Are distributed in the furnace and the waste swirls as it advances as it burns, with these openings in a central hole opening into the refractory wall of the oven passes through near each nozzle (18) and meets with longitudinal channels (20), which on the circumference of the frustoconical rotatable cell (1) of the furnace run according to their surface lines and in transverse grooves (24) on the ■ •• large base The ring (21) attached to the furnace ends, which connect two longitudinal channels with each other, 6. Incinerator according to claims 2 and 3, characterized characterized in that the refractory wall of the rotatable cell (1) of the furnace is surrounded by a sheet metal jacket (25) in which for checking and ash removal of the air lines by sliding Flaps (26) closed openings (27) are provided and at one of its 'close' to the one on the large base of the rotatable furnace attached ring (21) lying end has air inlet openings, which during the Rotation of the frustoconical cell (1) in part by one fixed sheet metal belt (28) are covered, which-is in a hood (29) extended into which a fan delivers air, in such a way that the air is only distributed through the nozzles (18), which keep yourself level with the waste while the furnace is rotating are located, the belt (28) to avoid any friction by means of lateral, eccentric, adjustable, axles connected to the belt mounted rollers (44) is held by the jacket (25) at a distance, with the help of which the Space between the sheet metal jacket (25) rotating with the frustoconical cell of the furnace and the fixed one Belt (28) is changeable. 409810/0461 7. Incinerator according to claims ' 2 and 3, characterized in that the bottom of the front fixed front and / 'or the post-combustion chamber (2) has a part which protrudes into the rotatable furnace and forms ramp surfaces (23), which push back the waste when the furnace is turned and so Protect the joint between the fixed and moving part. 8. Incineration plant according to claims 2 and 6, characterized characterized in that around the sheet metal jacket (25) surrounding the refractory wall of the rotatable furnace, a second jacket is provided, which is located at a sufficient distance from the first so that a directed coming from a fan Air flow can pass through. 9. Incineration plant according to claim 3, characterized in that that the frustoconical part of the furnace by a Link chain (51) is set in rotation, which surrounds the cell (1), on stops attached to the jacket (25) (45) is supported and driven by a motor (47), whereby it is used to ensure the chain tension in both directions of rotation engages in a pivoting part (46) and this system the sliding phenomena of the known friction drives as well the rigid mechanics of the drives are eliminated by means of a ring and gearwheel. 1O.Combustion plant according to claim 3, characterized in that that .the attached to the large base of the rotating oven Ring (21) has an inclined inner wall, which is the horizontal Generating line of the other, the frustoconical Part of the furnace adapts parts forming and one to the outside Raised peripheral lip (22) forms, which holds back the liquid waste and protects the joint. 40981G / Q451 7342206 - \ j "~ 11. Incineration plant according to claims 1 to 4, characterized characterized in that the tightness between the rotatable, frustoconical part (1) of the furnace and its fixed pre- and / or post-combustion chambers (2,4) as well as the ash pan (5) through a circular seal (52) is achieved, which is provided on a with the frustoconical sheet metal jacket (25) connected ring and means pivotable, detachable V-shaped lever (54) pressed against a corresponding support ring (5-3) of the fixed parts is, wherein the one bent end of the lever (54) presses against the seal (52), while its other end is under the action of a spring (56), the pressure of which is screwed onto the threaded end (58) of the lever (54) Nut (57) is adjustable and the lever (54) in the metal jacket (25) firmly connected to the hook (55) are hangable. 409S10 / 0451