DE2340778A1 - EXPLOSION PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF PIPE JOINTS IN LIQUIDS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS - Google Patents

Description

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT COMPAlH LBlITSD, Newcastle upon Tyne ITE 6 2 YD, England.

Explosic-nsvorfaliren for the production of drilling connections. in liquids and device for carrying out the process

The invention "relates to an explosion process for the production of pipe connections in liquids, for example " for the production of underwater pipelines and a device for carrying out the process. The invention can be used in the production of pipe connections "in which one pipe end is shaped so that it receives the end of another pipe, it can also be used for attaching a coupling attachment or flange to the end of a pipe to facilitate the connection with another pipe or with another underwater component or device.

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[ΝΑΟ! ! QERFlOHT j

and then insert a new section. This problem can be solved, for example, that after removal the damaged drill bits coupling flanges to the free Hohrsiiden be attached, and that then the Hohrteile used for repair to the coupling flanges in conventional Sohr connection technology attached v / earth.

Ιώ Barnnen of this invention is an expl ο s soldering process for making connections between two tubular Parts indicated that are in liquids, Vi'obsi the end of a tubular component is provided with an explosive charge is and is plugged into the end of another tubular component, in which shock wave absorbing elements in the bores of the two tubular parts on both. pages the explosive charge are attached to the liquid at least over a certain partial length of the two bores of the tubular To keep components away from the inside and outside of the seals create a sealed space, at least the Space between the two pipe ends inconsistent, in which the Liquid from this space by means of a gaseous substance is displaced, and in which the ends of the tubular components are connected to one another by the explosion of the explosive charge will.

It is known that compounds produced in the explosion process Depending on the type and size of the explosive charge and the arrangement of the parts before the explosion, they arise in two ways can, as an expansion joint or as an explosion weld. An explosion weld usually results in an explosion of danger used and between the parts that are to be connected to each other, there is a certain distance

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released. This means that the relative diameter of the two tubular components are to be chosen so that between there is an annular gap between them, and that the liquid before detonation of the explosive charge by means of a gaseous substance is displaced from this gap. If, on the other hand, only one expansion joint is to be established τ / earth, then are instead of a gap to ensure such manufacturing tolerances that just a simple insertion of the end of a allow tubular component in the other. There are deviations from a round pipe diameter between the two pipe ends, which can also be subdivided into several parts, resulting in cavities, which are then filled with liquid and everything Dirt must be cleaned to ensure a satisfactory connection.

In the case of an expansion joint, an annular groove attached to the end of the outer tube secures the connection against axial forces. In addition, the outer tube should have a higher tensile strength than the inner tube in order to ensure a leak-proof connection.

The inner seal can be fitted in the bore of the outer tube regardless of whether an expansion joint or an explosive weld is to be made. It contains the sealed space a space in the bore of the outer pipe and the space between the two pipe ends »

In addition, the inner seal can be attached between the inner tube end and the inner surface of the outer tube. In a preferred embodiment, the inner seal is attached to a carrier ring which also carries the explosive charge. This

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The carrier ring can be made by preloaded springs, which are located between the carrier ring and a clamping ring clamped in the outer tube are held in an axial position.

Inflatable bags are preferably used as shock-absorbing elements. But it is also possible to use foamed material to be used, especially if the outer tube is relatively short and consists, for example, only of a coupling flange and a sleeve, which fits over the end of the other pipe and is welded to it.

The explosive charge is preferably placed in an inflatable body, which ensures close contact between the explosive charge and the inner surface of the inner tube end. The other tubular component is preferably divided into segments Holder held from the outside, which is attached to the point where the connection of the pipes is made.

The invention will now be described with reference to drawings. Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross section of an arrangement for welding two pipes according to a method specified in the invention;

Fig. 2 shows a similar cross section of an arrangement for welding two tubes according to another method specified in the invention;

Fig. 3 shows a perspective view, partially in section, of a device for welding a coupling flange to a pipe end according to a third method given in the invention.

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Fig. 1 shows two metal pipes 1 and 11 which are connected to each other should be. A metal sleeve 12 has at one end a region 12a with a reduced inner diameter, its bore fits exactly over the pipe 11 and is on this with a weld 13 welded on. Sleeve area 12a and tube 11 are attached welded together in the air before the pipeline is submerged in the water. An oxy-fuel welding process can be used for this weld seam or an explosion welding process can be used.

At the opposite end of the sleeve 12 there is a region 12b with a reduced inner diameter, which is exactly above the Tube 10 fits. The end of the tube 10 extends into the central, enlarged diameter range of the sleeve 12 and creates one annular gap 1% between the pipe end and the central area the sleeve. The inner surface of the sleeve 12 and the outer surface of the tube 10 must be in their area of overlap be sanded.

The bore of the tube 11 contains a water displacement inflatable bag 15 and an inflatable sealing bag 16, both of which are inserted and inflated before the tube 10 is inserted into the sleeve 12. Together with a similar sack

17 for water displacement is in the end of the tube 10 an inflatable Body 18 introduced containing the explosive charge and which seals the end of the tube 10. The bag 17 and the body

18 can be inflated in the air and brought into their correct position, before the tube 10 is then inserted into the sleeve in the water is introduced. The body 18, which contains the explosive charge, is at the end of the tube 10 in the space surrounded by 1if Area, but it is set back slightly from the edge of the pipe to prevent the explosion residues from penetrating into to keep the gap lif as small as possible.

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The inflatable body 18 is described in GB-PS 1 297 708, it consists of a container made of material that conducts shock waves, E.g. rubber, the walls of which contain the explosive charge, consisting of a detonator and an ignition charge. This body will go into the hole of tube 10 and then inflated until it contacts the inner surface of the tube. The leads for the detonator can be passed through a nozzle in the wall of the case 12, which is sealed when the explosive charge detonates, or they can be passed through the bore of the tube 10 to the outside. The supply lines can also be remotely controlled Switching arrangement can be connected to a battery which supplies a sufficiently large ignition current for the igniter. The switching arrangement can be by means of an electric field generated by an electric coil or by means of a tone generator from outside the tubes 10, 11 and the sleeve 12 control.

On the outside of the tube 10 there is a sealing ring made of hard rubber with a more flexible tab 20. "The ring 19 is first pushed onto the tube 10 with the flap 20 rolled back. When the tube 10 is then inserted into the sleeve 12, the, Tab rolled over the end of the sleeve portion 12b to provide an outer seal against the ingress of water into the spaces To effect IZf and 21 within the sleeve 12 on the one Side through the sealing bag 16 in the pipe 11 and on the other Side closed by the inflatable body 18 in the tube 10 are.

The inlet and outlet nozzles 22 and 23 lead through the sleeve 12 into the gap 1 / f, which is located directly at the end region 12b of the Adjacent sleeve. The inlet and outlet ports 22 and 23 are through flexible hose connections (not shown) with the shut-off valve and the pumping device located outside of the water in which the tubes are immersed. About water

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To remove from the interstices Ik and 21, clean air or nitrogen with a pressure slightly greater than the hydrostatic pressure of the sleeve 12 is blown into the inlet connection 22. The water in the sleeve 12 is thereby displaced and pushed out through the outlet nozzle 23. In order to avoid the deposition of dissolved salts which would occur especially in sea water if the interior of the sleeve 12 were to be drained immediately, the spaces 11 * and 21 are first rinsed with fresh water. The fresh water is then replaced with air or nitrogen, followed by a solvent, such as denatured alcohol, which removes any residual water. The intermediate spaces IZf and 21 are finally flushed again with dried air or nitrogen with a correspondingly desired, low water vapor concentration. A Draeger tube, for example, is used to measure the remaining water vapor concentration.

A holder 2if divided into segments is placed around the sleeve 12 in the area in which the body 18 is located to support the sleeve against explosive forces. The bracket 2if consists essentially of a number of metal segments, which are held around the sleeve 12, for example by a tightening strap, which is released after the welding process has ended can be. After the water has been removed from the spaces 1 Zf and 21, the explosive charge is detonated around the end of the pipe 10 to be welded to the sleeve 12. While the protruding part of the tube 10 is welded, the body 18 shields the Weld zone from explosion products and thus prevents contamination. The resulting weld seam shields the in- and Outflow nozzle 22 and 23 from the space 21 to the sleeve 12 and thereby provides a watertight connection between the Pipes 10 and 11.

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In FIG. 2, instead of the sleeve 12 itself, the tube 11 has an end 25 with an enlarged diameter, which surrounds the end of the tube 10 and thereby forms an annular gap 14, which in turn is closed by an outer seal 19 and a tab 20. The inner end of the tube 10 is inserted into the tube 11 up to the step 26, and an inflatable seal 27 is located at the end of the tube 10 and the inner surface of the end 25 of the tube 11. The seal 27 provides an inner seal which closes the gap 14. The removal of the water, the rinsing and the drying via the nozzles 22 and 23 now only affect the intermediate space H, which is located directly on the weld seam. The need to treat the large gap 21 within the sleeve in a corresponding manner is now avoided. When treating the intermediate space 14, higher gas pressures and higher flushing rates can thus be used. An inflatable body 28, which contains the explosive charge, is located at the end of the tube 10. FIG. 2 shows a detonator 29 which is located in the body 28. The inflatable bags 15 and 17 are located as close as possible to the body 28 in order to displace the water from the explosion zone.

In the arrangement according to FIG. 2, it is advantageous if the pipe 10 represents the end of the pipeline located in the water. The inflatable bag 17 and body 28 must then be inserted into the end of this tube and the other components of the assembly are then connected to it. The bags 15 and 17 _f, which are used to displace water, also absorb shock waves when the explosive charge is ignited and thus prevent the tube walls from bulging. After completion of the welding process, the bags 15 and 17 and the residues of the explosive charge can be flushed from the tube using known methods.

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In each of the described embodiments, different Seals are used. For example, the outer seal can consist of an inflatable seal. the Explosive charges also need not be held in an inflatable body provided that it is distributed close enough to the inner surface of the pipe in which it is located.

The method described can be very different for welding Connections are used. It can be used to connect a flanged sleeve to a pipe. To replace a damaged section of a pipe, after removing the damaged section, each of the free Pipe ends are welded to a flange and then a new section is inserted in between using conventional pipe connection technology will.

Fig. 3 shows a device for underwater repair of a metal pipe 30 to which a sleeve 31 with an annular flange 32 is attached. If, for example, the pipe 30 represents the free end of a pipeline from which a damaged section has been removed, the fastening of the sleeve 31 makes it possible to couple a new section to the flange 32. A flared edge 33 with a shoulder 3k is welded to the end of the sleeve 31 and serves as a guide for the end of the tube 30 when it is pushed into the sleeve 31.

An outer inflatable seal 35 is located at the end of the sleeve 31 in the region of the shoulder 3k and presses against the outer surface of the tube 30. A pipe socket 36 makes it possible to inflate this seal through the shoulder 3k. An inner inflatable seal 37 is located at the end of the tube 30 to provide the space between the tube 30

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and the inner surface of the sleeve 31 to seal. The seal

37 is supported by a carrier ring 38. The carrier ring 38 also carries an inflatable, ring-shaped explosive charge 39 »which is located within the tube 30.

A clamping ring 40 can be clamped into the sleeve 31 with a clamping bracket 41 v / earth and represents a support for compression springs 42, which press the carrier ring 38 axially against the tube 30 and thereby hold the seal 37 against the end of the tube. The carrier ring

38 is stepped with a flange 43, which presses the seal 37 and with a back rotation 4 * f »the
Explosive charge 39 picks up.

The explosive charge 39 is held by a cover plate 45, on the circumference of which an ignition charge is attached, which is connected to the explosive charge 39 via an igniter 46. For the explosive charge 39, a filling tube 47 is led out of the sleeve 31 through one of several openings 48 in the cover plate 47, and the feed lines 49 are brought out of the sleeve 31 for the detonator 46.

In the tube 30 there is an inflatable sack 50 for the displacement of water, the line of which for inflation is led out through the open end of the tube 30 and through the welding device
is (not shown). A spacer 51 presses against the bag 50.

A segmented bracket 52 is around the sleeve 31 placed in the area of the explosive charge 39, around the sleeve 31 against to hold the explosive forces.

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In the sleeve 31 a plurality of drill nozzles 53 are provided to 'Water from the space 54 between the end of the tube 30 and the inner surface of the sleeve 31 after the inflation To be able to push out seals 35 and 37. The removal of the water and the subsequent rinsing, cleaning and drying can take place in the manner described in connection with FIG.

For the welding process that is carried out with the device described is feasible, it is necessary to attach the sleeve 31 to the tube 30 in which the not yet inflated Sack 50 is located, the clamping ring 40 with the aid of the clamping bracket 41 to anchor firmly in the bore of the sleeve 31, the compression springs 42 to loosen to the support ring 33 in the correct measure with spring force bias and the seals 35, 37 and bag 50 inflate. The space 54 between the seals 35 and 37 is then rinsed, cleaned and dried. Eventually, the open bore of the clamping ring 40 and the carrier ring will be 38 foamed or provided with air bags in order to absorb shock waves of the explosion, the explosive charge 39 becomes ignited with the aid of the igniter 46 and the ignition charge attached radially to the circumference of the cover plate 45, around the tube 30 to expand and weld it to the sleeve 31. In conclusion During the welding process, the holder 52, which is subdivided into segments, can be removed again and used for further explosion welding can be reused.

To produce the clamping ring 40, the carrier ring 38 and the other components used inside the pipe, plastic or a similar material can be used, which is the case with the Explosion is destroyed. At the end of the welding process, these objects can then be removed using known methods of residues from pipes are removed from the bore of the pipe.

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Further embodiments are based on this description close, for example, the sleeve at one end of a pipe can be formed by widening the pipe end accordingly, see above that a pipeline with several successive welding operations can be made that each one pipe is connected to the pipeline with the extended pipe end.

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Claims (1)

SUBMITTED TO03 L. 1 Claims Explosion process for making connections between two tubular components that are in a liquid, characterized,·. . that the end of a tubular component has a body contains, in which an explosive charge is attached, and is inserted into the end of a second tubular component that shock wave absorbing elements into the Holes of the two tubular parts on "both sides attached to the explosive charge. the liquid at least from a partial area of both bores to prevent that inside and outside seals one create a sealed space that consists of at least one There is an intermediate space between the two pipe ends that the liquid from this space by means of a gaseous Substance is displaced, and that due to the explosion of the explosive charge, the ends of the tubular components nit each other get connected. Explosion method according to claim 1, characterized., that the internally mounted seal is in the bore of the second tubular component, and that thereby the sealed space in addition to the central room between the ends of the two tubular components still another cavity in the bore of the zureiten contains tubular component. - 509809/0056 3. Explosion method according to claim 1, characterized, that the inside seal between the end of the first tubular component and the inner surface of the second tubular component is attached. A-. Explosion method according to claim 3> characterized, that the internally mounted seal is held in a carrier ring attached to the second tubular component is. 5. Explosion method according to claim k _f, characterized in that that the carrier ring within the second tubular Component slidably supported and against the end of the other tubular component by means of compression springs a clamping ring is biased, which has a fixed position in the second tubular component. 6. Explosion method according to claims if or 5 » characterized, that the carrier ring also absorbs the explosive charge. 7. Explosion method according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the displacement of the liquid takes place by means of a gaseous substance through the nozzle, which is on End of the second tubular member are attached, so that the created by the explosion of the explosive charge Pipe connection between the nozzle and the 509809/0056 Body of the second tubular component is located. 8. Explosion method according to claims 1 to 7 $ characterized, that the shock-absorbing elements are made of inflatable There are sacks that fill the cross-section of the bore in which they sit. 9. Explosion method according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is marked that the explosive charge is fixed in an inflatable body. 10. Device for carrying out the explosion method according to claim 5>
characterized by a clamping ring (40) »which is fastened in the second tubular component (31), by a carrier ring (38), on the circumference of which sits a circular seal (37) which forms the transition between the ends of the two tubular components (30) and (31) -sealed, on the circumference of which the explosive charge (39) is also distributed within the first tubular component (30), and by compression springs (^ 2), which hold the carrier ring (38) in the axial direction from the clamping ring (^ O ) push away. 3eRb / Pi. 509809/0056 • Λ. Blank page