DE2338306A1 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RE-ASSEMBLING BRICKS - Google Patents

Description

Usually bricks for burning are in the form of several Stacks of bricks arranged on kiln cars, with two or three piles across the width of the kiln car and two up to four stacks are provided along the length of the kiln car. The number of contained on the kiln car Stack can vary depending on the size of the kiln car and each stack contains a number of double or two-ply brick layers, each successive Layers with the end faces of the bricks in different directions by about 90 °. Every layer has

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a number of longitudinal rows and. Transverse rows, with the bricks in each longitudinal row placed with their ends together are and the bricks in the transverse rows with the long sides facing each other, with distances between the Long sides are provided.

The brick layers on the kiln car generally do not correspond to the layers in the one for shipping set bandaged brick package; the number of bricks in each transverse row is on the kiln car and in the finished one Brick package different. Therefore, the layers cannot be removed from the kiln car and simply stacked on top of one another stacked to form the brick package. It is also the number of bricks in each longitudinal row on the kiln car also not the same as the number of bricks in each longitudinal row in the finished brick package, whereby However, this is insignificant for the present application, since the stacker continuously moves the bricks in the longitudinal direction gets fed to the longitudinal rows and produces a long continuous package from the bricks, which subsequently is cut into desired lengths in a known manner.

The regrouping of the bricks from the kiln car in layers with transverse rows of the correct number of bricks for that

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final package poses a problem which heretofore has been solved by removing the layers from the kiln car were completely broken down into individual transverse rows, and deposited in this form on a discharge conveyor conveying the bricks in a single row and the bricks from a facility at the end of the conveyor have been reassembled into transverse rows of the correct length and these transverse rows have to be stratified again assembled and stacked into the final package. This procedure requires additional operations and is therefore slow and expensive.

The object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for regrouping of bricks, which avoids the disadvantages described above.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a device which, in combination, engages one of the transverse rows first lifting head or side gripper lifting head and a second lifting head or End gripper lift head includes. The first or side gripper head includes a number of gripping elements that the top layer of each stack of several stacks on top of that

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Simultaneously grab or pick up kiln cars and transfer them to an intermediate setting table, where they the However, spaces between the bricks in each transverse row close the spaces between adjacent layers maintained.

The second or end gripper lift head includes a number of gripping segments that can be moved sideways relative to one another and that hold the bricks on the intermediate table Take the separated layers at the ends or front sides and lift the bricks and then place them on Set down the discharge conveyor or discharge conveyor. During the transfer and while the brick are held between the gripping segments, the gripping segments are shifted sideways to the layers in such a way regroup so that the transverse rows thereof thereafter contain a predetermined number of bricks. The discharge conveyor then carries the bricks to a stacking and bandaging station, whereby the bricks are no longer in rows, but are already fed in in layers. The bricks are made from the layers on the kiln car in this way, which have a predetermined number of bricks in each transverse row, regrouped into layers on the discharge conveyor, the layers on the outfeed conveyor

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Have the correct number of bricks in each transverse row required for the final packaging operation is.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved method and an improved apparatus for moving bricks from a kiln car to a stacking and taping station more economically and without exhaustion
Separation of the layers from the kiln car.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for Transferring bricks from a kiln car to a conveyor leading to a stacking and taping machine and for the simultaneous regrouping of the layers with a transverse row length on the kiln car into layers the correct predetermined transverse row length for the finally formed package.

Furthermore, the object of the present invention is
To provide a method and an apparatus of the type described above, wherein the top layers of several stacks on the kiln car are transferred to an intermediate set-down table, and at the same time the transverse rows

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are pushed together or compressed in each shift and then transferred to a discharge conveyor, during the latter transmission, these layers are simultaneously regrouped into layers, in which the transverse rows are the right length for stacking and banding for the finally formed brick package to have.

In the following the invention is explained in more detail with reference to schematic drawings of an embodiment. Show it:

1 shows a plan view of the device according to the invention, where the side gripper mechanism indicated in broken lines extends over one end of the kiln car is located and which is also drawn in broken lines End gripper mechanism is located above the intermediate lay-down table;

Pig. 2 shows a side view of the device according to Pig. I. and

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the end gripper device.

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The Pig. 1 and 2 show the arrangement of bricks on kiln carriages (K) for firing the bricks in the kiln, which is customary in the brick making industry. As already described above, the bricks are stacked on the kiln car in a number of stacks S in a conventional customary manner, the number of stacks S depending on the size of the kiln car K. Each stack S comprises several double-layer layers stacked on top of one another, the end faces of the bricks of successive layers pointing in mutually perpendicular directions, i.e. in other words in which the longitudinal directions of the bricks in a layer each point in the same direction and against the longitudinal direction the bricks in the adjacent layers are twisted by about 90 ° in order to achieve a more even distribution of the heat over each brick. Each layer or layer of these stacks comprises several transverse rows R of bricks in which the bricks are laterally spaced from one another and several longitudinal rows C of bricks in which the bricks generally abut one another with their end faces.

The kiln car K initially become a receiving station moved under one end of a frame 10 having vertical corner pillars 12 and IM forming an upper

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support horizontal frame 16 extending from a point that is above the kiln car K to a point on the other End extends over a discharge conveyor 38. A Zwischenäbsetztisch 28 is supported in any manner between the ends of the frame 16 and is for the following purposes yet to be explained.

A carriage 18 with wheels 20 is slidably supported on opposite side portions of the frame 16. A motor 22 connected to an axle 19 of the carriage 18 is, the carriage 18 moves in a horizontal path between a first position in which the Carriage is above the receiving position and a second position in which the same end of the carriage is is located above the Zwischenäbsetztisch 28, back and forth.

A first lifting head or side gripper lifting head 24 extends downwardly from the first end by a hydraulic piston and cylinder device 26 or other suitable device and can thereby be in a vertical path of movement between an upper position and a lower receiving or releasing position or several lower recording or release positions are moved back and forth. The first lifting head 2k arranged in this way

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is set up to lift one or more double-layered layers of bricks from the kiln car K and set them down on the intermediate setting table 28. Such a gripping head or lifting head is described in detail in US Pat. No. 3,669,283, issued June 13, 1972, assigned to the assignee of the present invention, which patent shows a gripping or lifting head which, in contrast to the gripping or lifting head, is used. Lifting head of the device described here lifts layers from only one stack at a time. In the device described here, a gripper or lifting head is used in which a number of pairs of grippers grips the bricks from one, two, three or any number of stacks at the same time. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, eight layers are lifted from the kiln car K and transferred together. The top two-ply layer is removed from all stacks at the same time when the first lifting head 2k grips the bricks along opposite sides of each layer at the ends of the transverse rows R and the removed layers after a reorientation in the layer plane every other layers and after the transverse rows have been pushed together R is deposited in the longitudinal direction on the intermediate depositing table 28.

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The loaded kiln car K, which carry the brick stacks, are along conventional rails, not shown moves to a position below one end of the frame 10 where the cart stops during a first group of stacks under the first lifting head 24 can be removed from it. The kiln car is then gradually increased by one part its length moves forward, moving under the pick-up station, and with the next Groups of brick stacks can be unloaded. After unloading all of the stacks on the kiln car, the empty one becomes The kiln car is moved further in the direction of the previously emptied kiln car and can finally go under the receiving station run through.

As is substantially described in U.S. Patent 3,669,283 already mentioned above, the first lifting head 24 a first gripping device or a gripper frame 25, which can be moved in several directions over the kiln car K is installed movably at the unloading station by means of the carriage 18, as already mentioned above. The hydraulic piston and cylinder device 26 extends from the carriage 18 downwards and the piston of this Piston and cylinder assembly is attached to the first lifting head 24, which in turn has a predetermined number of

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rotatably movable frame 25 comprises, each of which carries a pair of grippers. Each pair of grippers grips the top, double-layered layer from one of the stacks as soon as it is actuated. The frames 25 are connected to the first lifting head 2k in such a way that they can perform a pivoting movement over an angle of at least 90 ° in the horizontal plane. When unloading a kiln car K, the first lifting head 2M is lowered onto the top layer of each of the stacks to be unloaded and the grippers, not shown, grip the top layer of each stack along opposite ends of the transverse rows R and move the rows of this layer together in their longitudinal direction. The first lifting head 2k is then raised and the carriage 18 is moved to its second position in which it is located above the intermediate depositing table 28 and the grippers are opened to deposit the pushed-together layers on the intermediate depositing table 28. During the transport from the kiln car to the intermediate depositing table, every second of the successively transported layers, the frames 25 are pivoted by about 90 ° in a "horizontal plane, so that in each of the layers deposited on the discharge conveyor, the transverse rows R with their longitudinal axis in the extend in the same direction, although in the stacks stacked on the kiln car the layers with a

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alternating longitudinal orientation of the bricks are stacked. After the top layer has been unloaded from the stacks and deposited on the intermediate depositing table 28, the first lifting head 2k returns to the unloading position and subsequently unloads the next layer in a similar manner.

The intermediate table 28 is simply a type of flat, fixed surface, supported by the frame or the floor, on which the bricks are temporarily placed and, if desired, may comprise a number of upwardly directed guides or walls 29 resting on the Table are arranged between the layers deposited thereon in order to prevent the bricks from falling over when they are deposited by the first lifting head 2k.

The second lifting head or end gripper lifting head 30 comprises a second gripping device 32, which is to be described in more detail below and which is also carried by the carriage 18, but in the region of the other end thereof (and in a vertical direction, similar to the first lifting head 2k is movable due to hydraulic piston and cylinder means 3k or similar means When the first lifting head 2k is moved from its first position to its second position, the second

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Lifting head 30 from its first position above the intermediate set-down table 28 is moved into its second or delivery position, which lies above the discharge conveyor 32. Hence, if the first lifting head 24 moves a layer of bricks to the intermediate depositing table 28, the second lifting head 30th the previous layer of bricks from the intermediate depositing table 28 to the delivery position above the outfeed conveyor 38 move.

Fig. 3 shows a more detailed illustration the second lifting head 30; a plate 50 is on the piston of the hydraulic piston and cylinder assembly attached and therefore moves up and down with it. A pair of side frame members 52 and 54 are on opposite sides Edges of panel 50 are attached and extend across the latter along the length and across each Side of the intermediate depositing table 28. Cross bars 56 extend between the side frame members 54 and connect the latter with each other and carry three actuating devices in the form of compressed air-actuated piston and cylinder devices 58, 60, 62.

As shown in Fig. 1, in the embodiment described here, the bricks are on an intermediate table deposited in two rows of layers, with in

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four layers are provided for each of the two rows. Each layer in turn comprises three transverse rows of bricks with eight bricks in each transverse row, which is pushed together by means of the first lifting head and Lying side by side. It is desired to regroup this arrangement of bricks in layers, the three rows each having eleven bricks in each row and in such an arrangement as shown in Fig. 1 on the Outfeed conveyor 38 is shown, there are two rows of Layers formed with three layers in each row, with the outer layers in each row being transverse rows with eleven bricks each, while the middle layer has transverse rows of ten bricks each. This Arrangement is based on the idea that the operator has an additional brick in each transverse row the middle layer while she does her other duties and that she can do the bricks for this purpose collected bricks, e.g. when bricks are removed from certain layers, to layers with make openings for the engagement of tines such as a forklift or other lifting device; removal of the bricks from these particular layers can be done anywhere along the outfeed conveyor and is not shown in the drawings.

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To move the bricks from the arrangement as shown on the intermediate depositing table to the one on the discharge conveyor in Pig. I to regroup the arrangement shown, the second lifting head 30 comprises means to select Longitudinal rows of the bricks of the layers in one or the other longitudinal direction of the side frame members 52 and 54 move. For this purpose, a number of frames 64a to 64f are attached to the side frame elements by means of T-shaped hanging elements 52 and 54 and certain of these frames 64b, 64c and 64e include upwardly facing tabs 68, 72 and 70, which in turn with the free end of the piston and cylinder devices 62, 60 and 58, respectively, are connected. The end gripper elements 32 are, as shown in Fig. 3, as Gripper segments 32a to 32e are formed and are operatively attached to frames 64a to 64f. There are in three main types of gripper segments are provided; one type corresponds to the segments 32a and 32f, the grab the ends of transverse rows in which eight bricks are arranged; the second type corresponds to the grippers 32b and 32e and only grips three rows of bricks, while the third type corresponds to grippers 32c and 32d and takes five rows of bricks. Some of the segments, e.g., 32b, 32c and 32e, are slidable relative to the other gripper elements and are moved whenever one of the

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Compressed air piston and cylinder devices 58, 60 or 62 is moved, these piston and cylinder devices can move the frames 64b, 64c and 64e.

In Fig. 3 there are those with the gripper segments provided grippers 32a to 32f in an arrangement in which they of the intermediate depositing table 28 four pairs of double-layered Layers (Fig. 1) can cancel. After lifting the lifting head 30, the air cylinders 58, 60 and 62 is actuated to slide the gripper segment 32b laterally into contact with the gripper element 32a to produce a pair of to form double-layer layers with transverse rows of eleven bricks each. At the same time, the gripper element 32e slid sideways into engagement with gripper segment 32f to form another pair of double-ply layers, each having eleven bricks in each transverse row. The two middle gripper segments 32c and 32d are also moved into engagement with one another, thereby forming a third pair of bilayered layers, wherein However, in these layers only ten bricks are provided in each transverse row, for which purpose another brick in the further course of the work, as already described will be added. The bricks are then arranged so that they can be deposited at the delivery point, with

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one row of the double-ply layers in troughs 40 on outfeed conveyor 38 and the other row of layers be deposited on a side table 42. When the outfeed conveyor is the first row of layers out of the discharge area has conveyed away, a pusher 44 moves the second row onto subsequent troughs on the discharge conveyor 38. The layers are the right size for stacking and banding because of the regrouping and it is not required to separate the layers into individual rows, as was previously necessary.

Although in the above embodiment a regrouping of layers with eight bricks in each transverse row on layers with eleven bricks in each transverse row it is evident that with an apparatus of the type described, other regroupings can also be made.

All information and features disclosed in the documents, in particular the disclosed spatial design, are, insofar as they are individually or in combination new compared to the state of the art, as essential to the invention claimed.

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Claims (9)

1* Expectations experienced in transferring bricks from a kiln car, on which the bricks are arranged in a number of stacks, each stack being double-layered having a first predetermined number of bricks in each transverse row and longitudinal row and which Bricks in each transverse row have distances from one another, to a discharge conveyor on which the Bricks are arranged in layers, the a second different from the first prescribed number of Have bricks in each transverse row and wherein the bricks in each transverse row abut one another without any gaps, characterized by the steps that the top layer of multiple stacks by simultaneous Grasping the transverse rows at the ends of the same are transferred, with the bricks in the transverse rows, when they are grasped, they are pushed together and that these layers are lifted and closed an intermediate depositing table are moved that the bricks in the layers deposited on the intermediate depositing table gripped at the ends of the longitudinal rows (C) - 19 409807/041 3 233830Θ the layers are lifted and some bricks move in the direction of the transverse rows relative to other bricks be moved to change the spacing of the bricks in the direction of the transverse rows in the layers and that the Layers are transferred to the outfeed conveyor. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer of the top Layers of the stacks on the kiln car in which the bricks are stacked so that the longitudinal directions of the Bricks of one layer twisted by about 90 ° against the longitudinal directions of the bricks in the adjacent layers are, the rotation of the layers in each case every other group of layers by about 90 ° in the horizontal plane includes so that the longitudinal directions of the bricks in all layers deposited on the intermediate depositing table will point in the same direction. 3. Device, in particular for performing the method according to claim 1 or 2, in the case of removing bricks from a kiln car on which the bricks are arranged in layers of a predetermined size and formation of layers of a second predetermined size - 20 409807 / 0A13 in preparation for the stacking and bandaging process, with the bricks initially on the kiln car in a Number of stacks are arranged, each of which has a plurality of double-layered layers and each double-layer layer has several longitudinal and transverse rows and the bricks of each transverse row are so arranged. net that the gaps between them remain free, marked by a receiving station, an intermediate depositing table (28) and a delivery station, a first lifting head (24) which and reciprocating horizontal movement between a first position on the receiving station and a second Position is installed on the intermediate depositing table (28), the first lifting head (24) having a first connected thereto Gripper means (25) comprise the top layer of each of a predetermined number of stacks on the intermediate depositing table (28) to transfer a second lifting head (30), which is for a reciprocating Movement between a first position on the intermediate depositing table (28) and a second position at the dispensing station is installed and a second associated gripper means (32) comprises to the on the Intermediate depositing table (28) pick up deposited layers and convert them to layers of the second predetermined size regroup. - 21 409807/041 3 ti 4. Apparatus according to claim 3 * characterized in that that it comprises a horizontal frame (16) which contains the receiving station, the intermediate setting table (28) and the delivery station spanned and a carriage (18) for reciprocating Movement along this frame (16) is incorporated and the first lifting head (24) and the second lifting head (30) are installed in the carriage (18). 5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the first gripper device (25) comprises several pairs of grippers, each of which in the first position of the first lifting head (24) is engageable with opposite ends of transverse rows (R) on one of the layers for the spacing to close between the bricks before transferring the layers. 6. Device according to one of claims 3 to 5 »characterized in that on the Kiln car (K) the longitudinal directions of the bricks in any layer by about 90 ° against the longitudinal directions the bricks are arranged in the underlying and the overlying layer and rotating devices - 22 409807/041 3 connected to the first gripper means (25) to turn every other one of the successive layers to rotate about 90 ° in a horizontal plane, whereby all layers on the intermediate depositing table (28) in one be deposited in such a position that the longitudinal directions of the bricks in all one after the other temporarily up the bricks that have been removed from the lowering table face in the same direction. 7. Device according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the second gripper device (32) in its first position adjacent to the front ends of the longitudinal rows (C) arranged and can be brought into engagement with these end faces of the longitudinal rows (C) of the layers. 8. Device according to one of claims 3 to 7 »characterized in that the second lifting head (30) a pair of side frame members (52, 54) and the second gripper elements (32) a plurality of segmented pairs of grippers (32a to 32f) which are slidable with the side frame members (52, 5 ^) are connected * and relative to each other are movable in the direction of the transverse rows (R) - 23 409807/0413 and confirmation means (58, 6θ, 62) are provided, by at least some of the segment-like pairs of grippers (32b, 32c, 32e) in the direction of the transverse rows (R) relative to each other. 9. Apparatus according to claim 8, characterized g e mark eichnets that the actuating means comprises a plurality of compressed air actuated piston and cylinder devices (58, 60, 62), the cylinders being fixedly connected to the second lifting head (30) and each Piston with certain of the gripper pairs (32b, 32c, 32e) is connected, while other gripper pairs or gripper segments not connected to any of the piston and cylinder devices, but fixed to the second lifting head (30) are installed, whereby the distances between the pairs of grippers can be adjusted by actuating the piston and cylinder devices could be changed. 409807/0413 Blank page