DE2337521A1 - Energy absorbing car seat mounting - has angled torsion rods arranged in trapezoidal layout for connection to car body - Google Patents

Abstract

The seat is fitted with four U-shaped torsion rods arranged in a trapezoidal configuration relative to the floor of the car. Securing rails are fitted to the door sills and the transmission tunnel and are used to secure the bottom ends of the rods. The angles ends, which are secured in the rails and the seat frame, can have non-round profiles for added effect. On impact the seat mountings deform inelastically. For front impact the rear of the seat drops down, while for rear impact the rear of the seat is raised. The system enables the seat belts to remain fastened and effective, and prevents the driver from hitting the underside of the dashboard.

Description

Hildebrandstrasse 20-22

Safety seat for means of transport, especially for vehicles (addendum to patent 2 100 676)

In the main patent P 2 100 676 are safety devices for a seat with Headrest placed under protection, referring to a system of arrangement, force deformation identifier and point of application of the deformation on each other coordinated deformation elements attached to or integrated with the elements of the seat that relate to the body of the user in the event of an accident, a precisely defined displacement with a defined energy absorption of the deformation elements and thereby on the one hand the accelerations acting on the torso and head of the user and the thus at the same time the accelerations corresponding to the accelerated masses are exerted on the components of the seat arrangement Reduce and limit forces.

The deformation elements mentioned are in this earlier application intended as a bulging hood of the head cushion, on the swivel device for the headrest, on the upper and lower connections between the back cushions and backrest frame and on the longitudinal adjustment device of the seat.

In a further development of the main patent, an arrangement is hereby protected placed, which follows its basic principles a trapezoidal support bracket for connecting the seat body with its at the level of the vehicle floor provided holding or adjusting devices with arrangement of energy-absorbing torsion elements at the ends of one, several or all of the individual struts of the support frame and which are located in the development and Optimization work for the industrial application of the principles of the main patent has proven to be particularly useful.

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As such, arrangements with a swivel function of the seat are already multiple has been proposed either as a symmetrically trapezoidal arrangement articulated support bracket or in the form of a mounting of the seat by one or more circular arc-shaped slide rails, but mostly with simple notching without energy consumption and with elaborate joint or link arrangements, where there is no backlash and absorption on the side Bumps create problems that are difficult to control, which is why no such proposal has yet found its way into practice.

The object of the invention was therefore to create a swivel device for the seat in which, although in a known way, a subcomponent of the impact force is introduced into the seat surface, which is particularly suitable for this purpose, and is shown as pressure on the buttocks and compression force on the buttocks that can be borne particularly well by the body Spinal column by relieving the ligament apparatus, which, however, makes a large contribution to the overall energy consumption when it becomes effective, optimally uses the existing vehicle interior without impairing legroom for rear seat passengers, and introduces new, promising measures for occupant protection (passive belt systems, ⁿ crash pad ⁿ swiveling under knee pressure, etc.) can be combined very advantageously, also comes into play with oblique and side impacts, without parts to be machined, meets the requirements of large-scale production and is thus inexpensive to manufacture with the lowest weight.

To solve this problem is provided according to the invention, the one Support bracket for the seat forming the seat with its holding or adjustment devices connecting struts or tubes seen from the side generally trapezoidal with the base lying below, whereby it is generally It is advisable to provide a greater inclination for the rear struts and possibly also a lower linkage point on the seat than for the front (s) Strive e (n).

This ensures that in the event of an accident from behind, the rear end The seat surface is raised significantly and the legroom of the rear seat occupant is not impaired to avoid additional injuries while

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When pushing from the front, the rear edge of the seat to achieve the desired Incline strength? is lowered as de && eti Voiruci ^ ai ^ o, but since this is still also carries out a downward movement, a raising of the knees towards the dashboard is avoided or at least limited. Only when arranged a "crash pad" that tilts into the effective position due to the knee strike a corresponding backward inclination should be provided for the front strut (s) of the support frame in the rest position.

The arrangement of the struts should be chosen in such a way that at the impact of backwards the upper edge of the backrest is not shifted or shifted forward only so slightly relative to the passenger compartment that this shift is caused by the elements according to the main patent (buckling hood, head part deformation element, upper Swivel elements for the connection of backrest upholstery and backrest frame) more than is compensated. For this purpose, it can be useful to lower the upper point of articulation on the seat for the rear struts than that for the front struts. At the same time, this creates the area for the pressure point on the backrest, through which the intended and not the reverse shift when pushing backwards is reached, expanded upwards.

When determining this pressure point, the overall body center of gravity is to be assumed, which is lower than the center of gravity of the trunk due to the thrust of the leg mass. The possible range for this center of pressure is very small, even for different body sizes »since a larger body length can usually result in a larger leg mass. Nevertheless, when designing the geometric arrangement of the trestle, the reversal point should be placed as high as possible, on the one hand because of the tendency of the body to rise up in the seat when impacting from behind, and on the other hand to take into account the completely different conditions when the upper body snaps back under the conditions of the so-called "whip effect ¹¹ .

For the reasons mentioned, it can also be useful when attaching of retaining straps to attach the common lower anchorage of the lap and shoulder belt to the seat according to the invention, the free individual ends but these belts are attached to the body, which works particularly well with the various arrangements recently proposed for passive belt systems

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BATH ORIGINAL

can be agreed upon.

If the struts of the trestle are also trapezoidal when seen from the front arranged at the base, this results in a corresponding displacement geometry also with regard to side impacts and can thus also absorb the transverse components that occur in diagonal impacts.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the trestle forming the Struts in the area of their articulation on the seat body and on the Haltebzw. Adjustment device for the seat in itself as energy-consuming Torsion elements be formed. An expedient design can, for example, be a side or front and rear self-contained support frame forming tubular frame are made, through which at the same time a reinforcement and stiffening of the frame of the seat body and the adjustment device he follows. The coordination between the strength values of the strut part and the torsion properties of the torsion part can thereby take place by choosing the length of the torsion path and by changing its moment of inertia, e.g. by compressing it to a predetermined one Flat-round or flat-oval.

According to another example of the invention to form the support frame Struts at their ends by torsion elements mounted on both sides or also cantilevered on the one hand with the seat body and on the other since S with the Holding or adjusting devices of the seat be connected, with the transmission the torsional forces on the struts and the connecting parts reinforced at this point, e.g. by doubling or pulling in, advantageously form-fitting adapted openings can be made by introducing them into the torsion elements. In the case of push-through assembly of the torsion elements Any U-shaped profiles can be used for the connection parts.

Another example of the invention provides plate-shaped, if necessary profiled for reinforcement and recessed to save weight Front and rear struts arranged on the seat, which can extend over the entire width of the seat, by means of flexible struts that absorb energy

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lower and / or upper edge areas with the seat body and the holding or Adjusting devices for the seat are connected and just like that already called front and rear tubular frames can contribute to the lateral bracing of the passenger compartment.

In all the cases described, the relocation of the seat is clearly limited due to the extended position of those struts that are initially located on the side that are hit and form the trestle. It is useful to buckle after Prevent the extended position from being exceeded by means of stops or appropriate structural design. Of course they have to use the trestle forming struts do not represent the straightest shortest connection between their points of articulation, but can in any more appropriate Be shaped in a wise way, e.g. to avoid an obstacle to boarding. Like that bent struts can be designed so that they are under tensile load assume a stretched position in yourself. Should a tilt adjustment are provided for the seat, this device is advantageously to be arranged above the support frame in the seat body.

The force deformation identification of the torsion elements described can are favorably influenced in terms of progressive effectiveness by limiting rings with passage openings pushed onto the torsion sections, which resemble butterfly-shaped opposite sectors of a circle. During the course of the torsion before reaching the extended position, the radial ones come Edges of the passage opening to rest on the torsion member and hinder for the length of the torsion given by the thickness of the ring their stretch further torsion, thus reducing their free torsion length.

In an embodiment of the invention, further embodiments are possible that be considered part of the invention if the claims presented are satisfied. The drawings described below therefore only show the basic principles Examples to explain the concept of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows in a perspective view obliquely from below a seat with-the

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schematic representation of a trestle according to the invention.

Fig. 2 a to d

show the sequence of movements for a trestle in the event of an accident from behind and show the interaction with the elements of the main patent.

Fig. 3 demonstrates the corresponding situation in the accident impact of. front.

Fig. 4 shows the displacement geometry in a support frame with raised rear articulation point.

Fig. 5 is the front view of a seat whose support bracket is additionally for lateral pivot is designed.

Fig. 6 shows half of a support frame in tubular construction with integrated Torsion links for attachment to the front or back Seat.

Figure 7 is a similar side mounting arrangement.

Fig. 8 shows a single strut of a support frame with one-sided. Torsion elements and connecting parts and a limiting ring in an exploded view.

Fig. 9 shows a seat with a support bracket made of plate-shaped flat Struts with bending elements to absorb energy.

Fig. 10 shows the displacement geometry in a support frame, the rear Struts are bent and run with a stop to initiate a desired bend.

In the perspective schematic representation Fig. 1 is on the seat 1 with backrest 2 shows a seat frame 3, on which four struts 4.4 forming a support frame with their upper torsion stretch 5 are attached. The lower Torsional stretch 6 of these levers 4 are connected to rails 7, the parts a seat adjustment device, a base frame or a bracket for attachment e.g. to the door bead and a preferably reinforced one Can be center tunnel. The struts 4 form a symmetrical trapezoidal shape when viewed from the side. But there are depending on the desired Displacement geometry any suitable arrangements e.g. also

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possible to approximate the seat diagonals. The arrows in the picture show the direction of rotation of the torsion members 5, 6, namely the fully extended 9 when impacting from backwards and the arrows drawn in dashed lines 10 when pushing from the front.

In Fig. 2 a to d is under the influence of the accident impact from the rear Operation of a support bracket according to the invention shown, the interaction with the elements of the main patent for clarification will be shown.

Seat 1 and seat frame 3 are on the struts 4.4 of the support frame with his Deformation members (not visible in the drawing) are connected to the holding rails 7, which are limited in the slide rails 8 in an energy-consuming manner are movable. In the seat back 2, which is only indicated in its basic form without showing the upholstery and cover, is above the lower 11 and upper 12 Deformation members (shown as torsion levers) a support 13 attached for the back cushion, which carries the head cushion 15 via a pull-out strut 14, in which pivot adjustment device 16 and head part deformation member 17 are indicated schematically, while the penetration of the head into the bendable hood of the head cushion 15 is shown at 18. To illustrate the displacement, a head axis 19 and body axis 20 are shown, which include a head rotation angle 21, which in the Drawing is larger than in practice because the backward shift of Neck and shoulder were not taken into account. Markings 22 to 25 and a reference axis 26 for the rest position make the displacement of Seat and buttocks clearly, with 22 the position of the vehicle floor / passenger compartment, 23 shows that of the slide rails, 24 that of the seat and 25 that of the buttocks.

Starting from the idle state of FIG. 2 a, FIG. 2 b shows the first phase of the Displacement of the trestle 4,4 (24), during the by the thrust of the

to.

Leg and buttock mass (25J ^ aChSt the lower torsion members 11 deflected will. By both actions, the head cushion 15 is pivoted towards the head with a dent in its hood 18. Although the

/8th

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Head almost still in a state of rest, results from the pivoting the trunk already has a small head rotation angle 21. Fig. 2c shows a middle phase in which the support bracket 4,4 is already complete and the deformation members 11, 12 for the support 13 of the back padding are largely deformed. The torsion member 17 on the pivoting device 16 of the head holding device shows significant deformation and causes a larger head angle of rotation 21. FIG. 2 d finally shows the state in the end position of all deformable elements.

Fig. 3 shows the corresponding conditions when impacting from the front. A ver) However, storage 24 by the support bracket 4, 4 only takes place if at least the lap belt 27 or some other holding device is firmly attached to the seat 1 or the lower back deformation member 11 are connected. Drawn is the final displacement in the case of non-stretchable retaining straps 27, 28. With greater stretching, the displacement of the body increases accordingly.

Fig. 4 demonstrates the possible displacement range of a seat l ^ at which the rear strut 4 of the support frame is hinged higher than the front 4. This makes it easy to completely lower the seat for the impact from the front achievable. When the user is buckled up, there is a risk of knee damage to the dashboard and head damage to the recessed upper one ) Half of the windscreen reduced.

In Fig. 5 is shown by the front view of a seat 1, as by also seen from the front trapezoidal position of the struts 4 of the support frame is a lateral tilting displacement of the seat with respect to lateral impacts can be achieved, with a favorable inclination of the seat surface even with a slight lateral displacement adapted to the) usually available space is achieved.

In Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are two versions of support frames in the form of closed Tubular frame shown. Instead of tubes, any other suitable profiles can also be used in this way. The upper frame side 29 is connected to the seat (l), the lower one to the floor assembly (7, 8)

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tied together. The struts A. def support frames acting as torsion levers can, like the actual torsion stretches 5, 6, be bent in one go from one piece. To adapt to the required torsional force, the torsion sections 5, 6 can be given an appropriate cross-sectional shape that differs from the rest of the frame by post-processing. These elements also yield side and diagonal joints approximately in the direction of the force. The arrangement according to FIG. 6 is suitable for attachment to the front and rear of the seat, the arrangement according to FIG. 7 for lateral arrangement. By including the top and bottom frame sides. 29 and 30 as load-bearing components in the overall construction can save weight and costs.

FIG. 8 shows a strut 4 of a support frame, here only in the simplest form as a flat profile drawn on both sides mounted torsion elements 5, 6, the top 5 on the seat frame 3 and a counterpart 31 and below on the Holding rail 7 (or slide rail 8) can also be held with a counterpart 32. A simple torsion limiting ring 33 is also shown here. If, after partial torsion, the torsion sections 5, 6 reach the stop edges 34, this causes the free ones to be shortened Torsional length and thus an increase in the torsional force.

The illustration in FIG. 9 corresponds to that of FIG. 1, but shows one Trestle made of flat plate-shaped elements 4, the top of the seat 1 and seat frame 3 and a holding frame 7 with the help of energy-consuming Flexural members 5, 6 are connected. Through side aprons, not shown, which would have to be attached to the seat 1 or to the holding frame 7, a closed Sockets are formed, with predetermined breaking points by positively engaging or overlapping these parts and / or any joining elements, can be formed to determine the starting point of the deformation. The known attachment of relief holes is also shown by way of example 35, whose drawn-in edge 36 can also contribute to stiffening and stiffening beads 37.

Finally, FIG. 10 shows the possibility of any struts 4 of the support frame To give form, e.g. to improve the entry-level conditions, whereby

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the kinked strut 40 shown in the picture is stretched in an energy-consuming manner upon impact from the front by the stop 39. In the example , an arrangement was chosen in which the upper edge 38 of the seat back 2 represents the pivot center for the impact from the rear. This also shows the variety of possibilities, which he s according to the arrangement to adapt to the requirements of the individual case.

Claims;

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Claims (6)

Patent claims : Safety seat for means of transport, especially for motor vehicles, with a system of deformation detection and application point the deformation coordinated deformation elements according to patent (P 2 100 676), characterized by a struts (4) or planar elements generally arranged in a trapezoidal shape in one or more planes (4) existing support frame for connecting the seat body (1) or seat frame (3) to the vehicle floor or to the side on the door sill and the center tunnel or a center strut holding elements (7) or adjusting elements (8) for the Seat with arrangement of torsion elements (5, 6) and / or bending elements (5, 6) on the with the seat (l) and the holding (7) or Adjusting elements (8) connected ends, one, several or all Individual struts (4,4) of the support frame with preferably progressive force-deformation identification and limitation known from the main patent the deformation by reaching the extended position. 2.) Safety seat according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the individual struts (4) of the trestle in itself as Torsion elements (5, 6) are formed with an appropriate choice of a flat, oval (41) or flat-round cross-section for the twisting Stretch. 3.) Safety seat according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that that the ends of the surface struts (4) in themselves as bending elements (5,6) are formed. 4.) Safety seat according to claims 1 to 3, characterized that on torsion members (5, 6) according to the preceding claims Torsion limiting rings (33) with butterfly-shaped opposite Sectors (34) are pushed as a passage opening for the purpose of shortening the free torsional length from one through the Opening angle of the passage opening 34 certain degree of torsion. '5 09807 / 006Ö 5.) Safety seat according to claims 1 to 4, characterized tiauufch, that struts (4) or surfaces (4) of the support bracket are bent (40) with a stop (39) for energy-absorbing Elongation when relocating. 6.) Safety seat according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that angular position in the rest position and articulation points of the individual struts (4) or surface struts (4) of the support frame are freely selectable according to the displacement geometry desired in the respective individual case. 509807/0060 Empty side