DE2328278A1 - Frying oil or fat testing - tests its degree of deterioration with pycnometer used between two specified temperatures - Google Patents

Abstract

A graduated vessel is filled up to a special mark with the tested oil collected from the hot frying tank. When an upper cooling temperator (to) is reached, a pycnometer is inserted into the vessel, so loaded, that it stands on the vessel bottom, when the lower cooling temperature (tu) is reached, the pycnometer floats and the density of the oil is read again against marks on it; at a temperature between to and tu the oil level reaches a mark on the pycnometer when it still rests on the vessel bottom.

Description

Dipl.-Ing. Helmut M is sling 63 Giessen on June 1st, 1973

Dipl.-Ing. Richard Schlee Bismarckstrasse 43

Dr.-lng. Joachim Boecker. Telephone: CO64i> 7ioi9

S / Gt 11,546

Ernst Philipp Krause,

6300 G-ießen, Liebigstrasse 39

Method and device for testing the degree of spoilage Clay deep fryers

Deep-frying baths are mainly used in Sehnell restaurants, to cook food quickly. But also in other businesses, such as restaurants, large kitchens and bakeries deep-frying baths are needed, deep-frying baths are used on one relatively high. ! Heated to a temperature of approx. 180 G. Included The effects of atmospheric oxygen result in oxidation products that cause the Eritierxette to harden or lead the petroleum. These decomposition products are Harmful and get into the food sticking to it or in this penetrated oil for third consumption. When the decomposition products reach a certain concentration, have enough, the bath substance has to be replaced, what is also prescribed by the food law.

The reliable plague determination of the degree of mortality of

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Frying baths are problematic and can be used for this chemical test methods. The best assessment method is the simultaneous consideration of the acid number and the G content of fatty acids insoluble in petroleum ether and the smoke point according to A. Mankel (A. Mankel, fats, soaps, paints 72. 488, 677 (1970)), but such an investigation can hardly be met by the consumer himself with the sufficient Reliability can be carried out, as there are no personnel and facilities for this. The handling of chemicals required to carry out such investigations involves certain dangers, especially if the examinations are carried out by laypeople will.

The invention is based on the object of proposing a method In which no chemicals are required and reliably after a short briefing by everyone can be carried out.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that a vessel up to a height mark attached to it with the bath substance to be tested is filled, with the bath substance in the hot state of the bath to be tested from this it is taken that when an upper cooling temperature is reached in the vessel a Kessspindel in the form of a Float is used, which is balanced so that they

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sits on the bottom of the vessel and that "when reached a lower cooling temperature is the sinking depth of the measuring spindle, which has meanwhile been lifted from the bottom of the vessel, on a Hessspindelmarkierung is peeled off.

The method according to the invention is based on the fundamental knowledge that the specific weight the bath substance changes depending on the degree of deterioration. Unspoiled bath substance has a lower specificity Weight as spoiled bath substance. The differences are small, however, which is why the usual measuring method is carried out Insertion of a spindle, which is from the outset in the to be examined Substance floats, would not give reliable results. But if according to the procedure mentioned is proceeded, a reliable statement about the condition of the deep-frying bath can be made. As the density changes of the bath substance by temperature changes in comparison with the density changes due to different degrees of corruption are large, the reading must be at a certain temperature, namely the lower cooling temperature, take place so that comparable statements can be obtained. The bath substance contains all the more sedimenting substances, the more corrupt it is. Since the measurement takes a certain amount of time, the procedure care is taken that the influence of the buoyancy of the sedimenting substances is always kept the same. this

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is achieved in that the spindle at a certain Cooling temperature is used so that down to the lower cooling temperature, which is also called the reading temperature could be designated, about the same times elapse.

Large series of tests in which the results of chemical investigations of the degree of corruption with investigations were compared according to the method according to the invention, have shown that it is very careful in the case of the method described Measurement of the specific gravity is possible to reliably determine whether the bath substance is spoiled or not. Since, as already said, the differences in density are not very great, the respective type of substance also plays a role (e.g. vegetable fat, animal fat) and the make one Role. The measuring spindle must therefore be assigned to a certain make, which is expediently on the measuring spindle is noted, that is, once a measuring spindle has been tared in a certain bath substance, it cannot do so without further ado used to test another bath substance. The process is very compared to chemical process simple and has the advantage that no chemicals are required. After a brief instruction, anyone can do it possible to reliably carry out the process.

According to a further development of the method, at an intermediate temperature which is below the upper cooling temperature, but above the lower cooling temperature

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is, the substance level is adjusted so that it is up to one The height marking is sufficient, which is located on the measuring spindle, which is still seated on the bottom of the vessel. This will the initial condition further specified, whereby the Influence of different substance temperatures during the filling of the vessel can be eliminated. Namely, the fat gets in a lot filled in hot condition, its afilumen decreases until it is reached the other cooling temperature from more than when the vessel is filled with less heated bath substance will. If a little too much bath substance was filled in, this will be removed with a pipette until the marking on the measuring spindle is reached, if a little too little bath substance has been filled in, a little substance is added with a pipette.

The upper and lower cooling temperatures and the intermediate temperature can be different. An upper cooling temperature of 140 ^° C., a lower cooling ^{temperature of 100 °} C. and an intermediate ^{temperature of 120 °} C. have proven to be expedient. As I said, Fritierbäder have in a boiling state, a temperature of about 180 ⁰ C. When filling the vessel, the temperature drops naturally rapidly because the vessel wall of the substance

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Withdraws heat. The cooling to 14O ⁰ G leaves enough time to be able to use around the float without haste.

In principle, the difference between the upper and lower cooling temperatures can also be freely selected. Suitably a difference of 4O ⁰ G, which also results in the above values for the upper and lower cooling temperature.

A device for the implementation of the process mentioned is characterized by a vessel with height markings, a measuring spindle with a height scale for measuring their sinking depth and a thermometer to measure the substance temperature, wherein the measuring spindle is dimensioned and tared so that it is when the vessel is filled up to the height marking at a higher substance temperature sits on the bottom of the vessel, but floats at a lower substance temperature.

The dimensions of the vessel and spindle can be varied within wide limits vary, but it is important that the conditions are always the same are adhered to for various measurements. It has proven to be useful that the vessel is preferably a a cylinder made of glass with an inner diameter of 35 mm and a clear height of approx. 210 mm, with the height marking approx. 160 mm above the cylinder base is arranged and the spindle has a piston of approx. 18 mm

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Diameter and approx. 100 mm in length.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the device is at the lower end of the spindle a nipple is arranged to support the spindle on the bottom of the vessel. Receives through the wart one point l ular. Ίο Support of the spindle on the floor and This prevents the spindle from sticking and the associated delayed lifting off the ground. As already mentioned, the differences in the specific weight are small, so that sticking of the spindle to the floor will result in an i'Olge may have.

There are also warts on the side of the piston of the spindle Support of the spindle can be arranged on the vessel wall. These too have the purpose of hindering the ascent to prevent the spindle as much as possible.

The spindle cavity is advantageously hermetically sealed, preferably after an evacuation. By closing the spindle you avoid falling into it of dirt in the spindle cavity and the formation of condensate, which comes from air humidity, which comes from outside penetrates the spindle. Such condensation or that Falling in dirt particles could result in measurements falsify the time.

The height scale on the spindle advantageously has

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different looking, e.g. different colored pelts, whereby a J field is assigned to the substance statuses "good", "just usable" and "no longer usable". One A scale made in this way allows particularly easy reading.

The. Invention is hereinafter with reference to the attached Drawing further explained. In this show:

I'ig. 1 a vertical section through a vessel in which there is a measuring spindle and a thermometer are located and

i'ig. 2 part of the spindle, with different substance levels are shown.

The device consists of a vessel 1, a float 2 and a thermometer 3.

The vessel 1 is an existing glass cylinder with jacket 4 and bottom 5. The vessel 1 has a ΙΊζβ 6, with which it can be set up on a standing surface 7, for example a table surface. In the upper area of the casing 4 there is a Height marking 8, which is formed from a cylinder surrounding the entire jacket.

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Suitable dimensions are: Clear Hone H = 210 mmj distance of the height marking 8 from the upper edge of the vessel a = 50 mm; Iimendurehmesser of the vessel d _ff = 35 ».

You spindle 2 has a piston that consists of an upper substantially cylindrical area. 9a and a lower one essentially spherical area 9b consists of the with the area 9 a via a constriction 10 is connected. At the top of the spindle there is a known ¥ eise relatively thin tube 11. The entire spindle is made up from one piece and is blown from Sias.

In the piston area. 9b there is a lower resin 1.2. A total of four lugs 15, which extend radially outward, are also arranged in this area. In the upper area of the bulb part 9b there are four corresponding warts. 14. Me spindle is precisely balanced. 3> The balancing was carried out by means of fine weights 15, for example lead pigs, which were introduced via the pipe socket 11. After the balancing, the upper end 16 of the pipe socket 11 was closed by a melt. When it is closed, the spindle can also be evacuated, but this is not an issue for its function.

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Ann neck 11 there is a marking field designated as a whole by 17 - which is advantageously formed by a correspondingly marked paper tube which has been inserted into the pipe socket 11. The marking field 11 has three bars 18, 19 and 20 that look different. Ewm. For example, the EeId 18 can be red, the EeId 19 can be red-white-gesfeeift and! the field 20 be green. Above the field 20 there is also ^i: a height marking 21, colored black, for example.

The · BE calculator of the spindle d _g can, for example, be 18 mm and the length of the piston L = 100 ms. be.

Bas öiermometer 3 has a scale 22 with a display range, which reaches above the highest temperature that can be found in one! occurs, i.e. up to over 180 ° C. The thermometer will turn on held a holder not shown in the drawing.

The device works as follows.

is usually carried out using a suitable device by means of a pipette, substance is taken from the bath to be examined, the bath being in a hot state is located, e.g. at approx. 180 ° G. The vessel 1 is up to Level mark 8 filled with hot fat. On thermometer 3 is

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Now observe when the upper cooling temperature t _Q of, for example, 140 ⁰ G is reached. Once this temperature has been reached, the spindle 2 is inserted into the vessel and the wart 12 rests on the vessel tip 5. As a rule, when the measuring spindle is inserted, the bath substance will not coincide exactly with the black marking 21, but rather lie somewhat above or below this marking. In Pig. 2 it is assumed that the bath level is above it (line 23 in FIG. 2). When, after a certain cooling, the intermediate temperature t τοη, for example 120 ° 0, is reached by means of a pipette from the vessel 1 so much bath substance that the bath level has sunk to the marking 21 (line 24 in Pig. 2). If the bath level was below the marking 21, some bath substance is added when the mark 21 is reached. At this stage of the examination, the spindle is still seated with its wart 12 on the vessel bottom 5.

Be.i the further cooling to the temperature t _y (lower "cooling temperature), the float 2 lifts from the bottom of the vessel 5, because the density of the liquid has increased by the cooling so that the buoyancy is greater than the weight of the Spindle 2. The junction depth is now a measure for the state of the bath substance if the reading is always at a certain reference temperature tg

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τοπ e.g. 100 G is made. Corrupted bath substance - Is specifically heavier than unspoiled bath substance, see above that the swimmer dips further out of the substance in the case of a spoiled substance than in the case of an unspoilt substance. If, for example, the red colored pad 18 is visible (Line 25 in "Pig. 2), the substance is spoiled. If the field 19 is visible above the bath level (line 26 in ELg. 2), the substance is in the state between good and bad. Only dives the green field 20 . (line 27 in PIg. 2), the substance is still good and can still be used.

Although certain dimensions for the vessel and the spindle and certain temperatures have been given above have been mentioned, the method is also available with other dimensions of the device and other temperatures possible. It is only important that certain conditions, to which the .Swimmer is set, observed will.

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Claims (11)

Patent claims: My / "Method for testing the degree of spoilage in uritic baths, characterized in that a vessel (1) is filled with the bath substance to be tested up to a level mark (8) attached to it, the bath substance in the hot state of the bath to be tested it is taken from this that when an upper cooling _{temperature (t Q} ) is reached in the vessel (1), a measuring spindle (2) in the form of a float is inserted, which is tared so that it rests on the bottom (5) of the vessel and that when a lower cooling temperature (t ^) is reached, the sinking depth 'of the measuring spindle (2), which has meanwhile been lifted from the bottom of the vessel, is read on a measuring spindle marking (17). 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at an intermediate temperature (t ₇ ) which is below the upper cooling temperature (t ₀ ), but above the lower cooling temperature (t ^), the substance level (24) is adjusted so that it extends as far as a height marking (21) which is located on the measuring spindle (2) which is still seated on the bottom of the vessel (5). -14.- 409881/1054 - I Q mm. 3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the measuring spindle (2) is used at an upper cooling temperature (t _Q ) of 140 ° C. 4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sinking depth at a lower cooling temperature (tg) 'of 100 ° C will. 5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reading is taken at a lower cooling temperature (ty) which is 40 ° C below the upper cooling temperature (t _Q ). 6. Device for carrying out the method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized by a vessel (1) with height marking (.8), a measuring spindle (2) with a height scale (17) for measuring the depth of the binoculars and a thermometer (3) for Measurement of the substance temperature, the measuring spindle (2) being dimensioned and tared so that when the vessel (1) is filled up to the height marking (8) it rests on the vessel bottom (5) _{at a higher substance temperature (t 0) and at a lower one} Substance temperature (ty), however, floats. - 15 409881/1054 - ■ '■ ■■ - ■; . - 15 -. 7. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that j that the vessel (1). a cylinder, preferably made of glass, with an inside diameter ( _; d _& ) of approx., 55 mm and a clear height (H) of approx is arranged on the cylinder base and the hot spindle (2) has a piston (9a, 9b) of approx. 18 mm diameter and approx. - ·. ", .- ■ -., S. Device according to one of claims 6 and 7 »thereby characterized in that at the lower end of the spindle (2) a protrusion (12) for supporting the spindle on the bottom of the vessel (.5) is arranged. . . · 9. Device-according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized marked j that laterally, on the piston (9a, 9b) of the spindle (2) Warts · (15) for supporting the spindle on the Arranged vessel wall (4) are. 10-; Device according to one of Claims 6 to 9 »thereby characterized in that the spindle cavity is airtight, is closed, preferably after an evacuation. - 16 11. Device according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the height scale (17) has different-looking, for example differently colored fields (18, 19, 20), the substance states "good", "just usable" or "Replace" and "spoiled ^{11" are} each assigned to a j? eld. 409881/1054