DE2327546A1 - METHOD OF LUBRICATING TWO-STROKE AND ROTARY LISTON ENGINES - Google Patents

Description

Addendum to patent.

Patent application P 22 63 243.5

The present invention relates to the lubrication of two-stroke and rotary piston engines.

In the main patent applied for on December 23, 1972 under the number ρ 2263243.5, a method for lubricating two-stroke and rotary piston engines is described in which the engine, which is otherwise operated in the usual way with fuel, is supplied with a lubricant composition that is derived from a lubricant base and conventional additives and having a viscosity of at least 6 cSt at 98.9 ⁰ C, wherein the base lubricant 20 to 100 wt. $, and in some Eällen 10 to 100 wt. # of at least one polyalkylene glycol derivative which is an ether, a simple ester, a complex ester, a polyester or an ester of ethers of polyalkylene glycols which _{correspond to the general formula Ϊ0 (ß - O ^ n} H, in which each radical R is a divalent aliphatic radical with 2 to 5 carbon atoms and the number η has a value from 2 to 50.

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The basic lubricant could also contain other components, especially common lubricants, especially lubricating oils of mineral origin or synthetic lubricating oils, thinners, aromatic solvents, oxygenated solvents or certain esters.

Because the base lubricant contained a significant proportion of one or more polyalkylene glycol derivatives, was able to reduce the lubricant in an amount relative to the amount of fuel required to run the engine Amount used, generally a base lubricant amount of 0.1 to 2 wt. $ For the two-stroke engines and 50 ppm to 2% by weight for the rotary piston engines corresponded.

It has now been found that by using the basic lubricants adds certain organic compounds defined below, the properties of the lubricants mentioned, especially their effect against jamming and seizing of the piston, significantly improve and the pollution of the engine can decrease.

These organic compounds are generally monocarboxylic acids with an aliphatic chain of 10 to 18 carbon atoms, simple lower alkyl esters of these acids (the term lower alkyl includes those with 1-8 carbon atoms), primary monoalcohols and primary monoamines, which have an aliphatic « Chain with 10 to 18 carbon atoms contain dicarboxylic acids, which are an aliphatic chain with 36 carbon atoms have tricarboxylic acids, which have an aliphatic chain with 54 carbon atoms, and simple lower alkyl esters these acids,

Perner should be mentioned here:

Monocarboxylic acids with 10 to 18 carbon atoms with a saturated aliphatic chain or unsaturated chain such as decanoic _{acid f} dodecanoic acid, tetradecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid

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and octadecenoic acid (oleic acid) and also the natural fractions, which consist of mixtures of several of these acids?

the lower allyl esters of these acids or mixtures of these Acids such as methyl esters, ethyl esters, propyl esters, isopropyl esters » But ^ yl ester, isobuti ^ yl ester, pentyl ester, hexyl ester, Heptyl ester, or the ethyl 2-hexyl esterj

the aliphatic monoalcohols with 10 to 18 carbon atoms such as decanol, dodecanol or tridecanol, and also the linear alcoholic fractions with 10 to 18 carbon atoms, which one through. Reduction of the corresponding mixtures of the monocarboxylic acids or by syntheses * such as, for example, by polymerizing ethylene in the presence of an alkylaluminum catalyst with subsequent oxidation;

the primary aliphatic monoamines with 10 to 18 carbon atoms such as decylamine and dodecylamine ; • the dicarboxylic acids or tricarboxylic acids with aliphatic chains with 36 or 54 G atoms, which can be saturated or unsaturated and which are obtained by dimerization or »trimerization of monocarboxylic acids with aliphatically unsaturated acid with 18 G atoms, such as octadecenoic acid (oleic acid ) and their mixtures with octadecadienoic acid (linoleic acid) and / or octadecatrienoic acid (linolenic acid) »where this dimerization (or irimerization) is optionally followed by a hydrogenation.

The organic compounds described above are according to The present invention in an amount ratio of 0.1 to 40 wt. ^ and preferably from 5 to 25 wt. # Based on the Basic lubricant used.

Preferred are the compounds which have an aliphatic chain with 12 carbon atoms have * The Do dec ansäur ejund their Lower alkyl esters, dodecanol and dodecylaain. .

As in the main patent, the basic lubricant can be different add the usual additives, namely?

- Antioxidants, e.g. of the phenol or amine type, e.g. in a proportion of 0.1 to 10 $ in relation to the weight of the seeping agent; ...

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- Surface-active additives in the form of organic salts and ashless dispersants, e.g. Lubricant.

You can also add certain halogen-containing lubricants to the basic lubricant Add derivatives, such as ethylene dibromide, which form the lead compounds to eliminate which can occur in the combustion chamber if the fuel used contains lead (Tetraethyl lead or tetramethyl lead).

As in the main patent, the lubricant compositions thus defined the two-stroke engines are supplied in a proportion that corresponds to a basic lubricant quantity of 0.1 to 2 wt Corresponds to the ratio to the amount of fuel required to operate the said engine. With the rotary piston engines this proportion can correspond to a basic lubricant quantity of 50 ppm to 2 wt. $ in relation to the fuel quantity.

In the case of the two-stroke engines operated with a finished (preformed) fuel-lubricant mixture, the fuel-lubricant mixtures consist, as in the main patent, of a conventional fuel to which an amount of a final lubricant product has been added that corresponds to an amount of a basic lubricant as defined above from 0.1 to 2 Weight ^ in relation to the fuel mentioned. At the finished with a fuel-lubricant mixture powered Dreakolbenmotoren the proportion of the fuel added lubricant end product corresponds to 2 ppm by weight of a Grundschmieniiittelmenge 50. $> Relative to said fuel.

The following examples serve to illustrate the present Invention.

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One has the bis-octadecenoate of a polyethylene glycol of molecular weight 600 produced. The viscometric characteristics of this ester identified as Product I are the following:

Viscosity at 98.9 ° C ..... 12.7 cSt

Viscosity at 37.8 ° C ..... 66.9 cSt

Viscosity index (VI ₁ ,) .......... 205 ■

On the other hand, there is the bis-heptanoate of a polypropylene glycol of molecular weight 2000. The viscometric characteristics of this ester labeled as Product II are the following:

Viscosity at 98.9 ° C ... 19.1 cSt

Viscosity at 37.8 ⁰ C ... .118,0 cSt

Viscosity index (VLg) .192

One has the clamping properties of the basic lubricants, the composition of which is given in the table below I, tested.

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Table I.

i basic
{lubricating
j medium - composition lot
(Wt. $ 6) additive lot
j (wt. $) Poly alkyl englycol derivative 100 Art ! A. Art 95 5 -I Product I. 95 Lauric acid 5 y
-
■ ; ^c
• 100 Isopropyl dodecanoate ■ Μ D. » 95 5 E. Product II 95 Lauric acid 5 ^; Έ tr 95 Methyl dodecanoate 5 G Il ■ 95 Dodecanol 5 I. H M. Dodecylamine It

These base lubricants were used to determine their clenon resistance properties in a two-stroke engine brand Motobecane, type AY? L, in "fuel-lubricant" mixtures, and 25 was 1% by weight of lubricant in an ordinary unleaded gasoline with a resaarchoct number of 94, tested.

To determine the clamp strength properties of the mixtures tested, one has the temperature rise of the spark plug knee piece measured by a speed drop of the motor of 400 revolutions per Miruite due to a jamming of the

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Piston. has been caused in the cylinder that occurs if the cooling of the motor is interrupted. The greater the temperature rise, the better a lubricant is Lubricant. .

The results listed in Table II below are a percentage of the improvement in relation to the reference product (Product I only for lubricants B and C and product II solely for the lubricants. E to. H) and obtained as follows: - -. "<

Improvement (#) =

χ 100

ABq

where Δ θ-j and Δ Bq represent the temperature rise necessary for the mixture tested or for the reference product was measured.

Tabel

II

Tested lubricant

A (reference product)

D (reference product) E .J ¹ GH

Share in the gasoline (wt. $)

improvement

1 9 1 7th 1 O 1 7th 1 9 1 3 r,. 8th

These results show the importance of adding organic ingredients C ^ ,, - compounds to the base lubricant

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The following lubricant compositions have been prepared;

- Bis-dodecanoate of a polypropylene glycol with a molecular weight of 1200 76

- Surfactant and ashless dispersant 16

- ρ, ρ-dioctyldiphenylamine 6

- Phenyl-ß-naphthylamine 2

Composition E

The preparation of composition J was repeated, but some of the bis-dodecanoate of polypropylene glycol was replaced by methyl dodecanoate replaced, namely 1-0 $ the weight of the entire composition.

The "fuel-lubricant ^II mixtures" tested each contain 0.5% by weight of the compositions J and K in an ordinary unleaded gasoline with a research octane number of around 94.

The contamination test carried out according to the method CEC \ 402 T 68 on a two-stroke engine of the Motobecane brand, type AV 7 I>, takes 100 hours,

It consists of different operating phases, including one phase with throttled engine. It is representative of an actual one Long-term operation.

The engine contamination was determined in% and the improved effect on the piston and cylinder was measured using the reference number 100 as a basis.

The results are given in Table III below.

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-λ -

Table III

■■ Yers pollution Measurement / 100
Piston Cylinder I composition J
Composition K 44.2
18.0 61.9
94.7

These results show how much the inventive addition of an organic C ₁ ^ compound to the basic lubricant counteracts engine pollution.

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Claims (9)

1) Method for lubricating a two-stroke or rotary piston engine by means of a lubricant composition which has a viscosity of at least 6 cSt "at 98.9 ⁰ C and consists of conventional additives and a basic lubricant that contains 10 to 100 wt.? 6 of at least one polyalkylene glycol derivative contains the main patent, characterized in that a proportion of 0.1 to 40 wt. $ of said base lubricant is replaced by the equivalent proportion of at least one organic compound, namely by one of the monocarboxylic acids with an aliphatic chain with 10 to 18 carbon atoms, a their simple esters of lower alkyls, a monoalcohol or a primary monoamine with an aliphatic chain with 10 to 18 carbon atoms, a dicarboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain with 36 carbon atoms, one of the tricarboxylic acids with an aliphatic chain with 54 carbon atoms or a simple ester of lower alkyls of these acids . 2) Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the said organic compound 5 to 25% by weight of the base lubricant represents. 3) Method according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that that said organic compound is lauric acid, one of their simple esters of lower alkyls, which is dodecanol or dodecylamine. 4) The method of claim 1, wherein the base lubricant im consists essentially of at least one polyalkylene glycol derivative, characterized in that a proportion of 0.1 to 3 40 wt. # Of the base lubricant mentioned by the equivalent proportion of at least one organic compound according to the definition of claim 1 is replaced. 3 09850/0972 5) procedure according to. Claim 4, characterized in that said organic compound 5 to 25% by weight of the basic seizing agent represents. 6) The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for Sehming a Two-stroke engine, the Sphmiermittelkomposition the engine to a proportion that a basic amount of lubricant of 0.1 Up to 2% by weight in relation to the amount of fuel required for the operation of said engine, is supplied will. ., · .-. 7) Method according to one of claims 1 to 5 for lubricating a Rotary piston engine, the lubricant composition of the engine to a proportion that corresponds to a basic amount of lubricant 50 ppm to 2% by weight in relation to the amount of fuel required to operate the specified engine, is fed. 8) Fuel-lubricant mixture for the operation of a two-stroke engine, which consists of a common fuel and a lubricant elkompo sit ion, which is composed of a basic lubricant and common additives and has a viscosity of at least 6 cSt at 98.9 ⁰ C, and in which the proportion of lubricant composition corresponds to a basic lubricant amount of 0.1 to 2% by weight in relation to the said fuel, characterized in that the said basic lubricant is as defined in one of claims 1 to 5. 9) Fuel-lubricant mixture for the operation of a rotary piston engine, which consists of a common fuel and a lubricant composition, which is composed of a basic lubricant and common additives and has a viscosity of at least 6 cSt at 98.9 ⁰ C, and in which the proportion of lubricant composition corresponds to a basic lubricant amount of 50 ppm to 2% by weight in relation to the fuel mentioned, characterized in that the said basic lubricant is defined as in one of claims 1 to 5. * yr 309850/0972