DE2322300A1 - DIVE TIME MEASURING DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

DB-INQ. DIPL-INe. M. SC. DIPL.-ΡΗΥβ. YOU. OIPL.-ΡΜΥβ. HÖGER - LEGAL RIGHT-GRIESSBACH - HAECKER PATENT LAWYERS IN STUTTGART

Karl Leemann, Zurich (Switzerland)

Dive timing device

The invention relates to a diving timing device for displaying a diver with an instantaneous gas supply the diving time still available at an instantaneous water depth.

. When diving underwater is known for that Breathing either compressed air or a special composition of compressed gas used in a bottle or a cylinder battery that the diver carries. In the following, under the term gas, every of the media used for breathing can be understood.

Up to now, a diver always had to use a pressure gauge to display the gas reserve and with during a dive a depth meter to display the diving depth. The diver must use the remaining diving time available to him

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is available on the current diving depth with the still available gas supply, or possibly a rough estimate calculate, and this must take into account the simultaneous stress of diving work and that of diving resulting dangerous moments. The knowledge of the still possible dive time is very important for a diver important, especially in connection with the Decompression time when surfacing. Up to now there is no device known that gives the diver the direct reading of the possible diving time allowed.

The object on which the present invention is based was therefore to create a device which, as a function of gas pressure, cylinder volume and diving depth and assuming an average gas consumption of the Diver's per minute ", which is known as empirical value, the still possible diving time at a current diving depth displays directly. . "

The dive timing device for displaying a diver with an instantaneous gas supply on an instantaneous Water diving depth still available diving time is characterized according to the invention in that a pressure the gas supply acted upon and exposed to the water pressure first organ is provided, which the change of the Differential pressure between gas pressure and water pressure converts into a movement of part of this organ, and that said Part of the organ is rigidly connected to a second organ, which is only exposed to water pressure, and which controls the change in pressure in the water at different diving depths converts it into a movement of a part of this second organ, which Part of the second organ due to the aforementioned rigid

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binding with a simultaneous change of the mentioned differential pressure and water pressure one of both individual movements Performs compound movement and is used for display, and that the organs are so arranged and connected to each other are connected that the directions of the individual movements according to differential pressure change and water pressure change perpendicular stand on top of one another, the respective position of the part of the second organ serving for the display in relation to a zero point setting for the above-mentioned differential pressure and water pressure is determined by the vertical distances of which Relationship to each other a value for the diving time t after the

Formula t = s - £. where P _{n is} the differential pressure

^V A ^ W ^{+1; u} V _G

between gas pressure and water pressure, P ^ the water pressure and γ * is a constant which results from the initial gas storage volume T «and the gas consumption V. of the diver per unit of time.

In an appropriate embodiment of the subject matter of the invention the first organ, which is acted upon by the pressure of the gas supply and exposed to the water pressure, is arranged in a housing Bourdon tube, one end of which is connected to a supply line in a housing part intended for connection to a gas storage bottle, and whose end is connected by changing the differential pressure moving part forming the other end in said one direction by stretching and contracting the inside the gas pressure and outside the water pressure exposed pipe can move back and forth, and expedient If the second organ, exposed only to the water pressure, is another Bourdon tube, which is evacuated, and one end of it is rigidly connected to said other end of the first pipe, and its that by changing the water pressure moving part forming free end is in said

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in another direction, perpendicular to the first, by stretching and contracting the pipe exposed to the water pressure can move back and forth, the free tube end serving for the display due to the rigid connection of the Bourdon tubes can execute a movement composed of the two individual movements mentioned. In a preferred embodiment the housing enclosing the two Bourdon tubes has an opening closed by a membrane and is with a corrosion-preventing medium filled, over which Medium the water pressure on the membrane acts on the Bourdon tubes.

In a further embodiment, the moving and the display can be used for direct reading of the diving time on a dial serving Bourdon tube end rigidly attached to it The transmission arm is in driving connection with a lever which can be pivoted about an axis, from which lever it is expedient a part is designed as a toothed segment which is in engagement with a gear at the end of a pointer shaft which has a Pointer moved over a dial.

Further features, details and advantages of the invention emerge from the description and the drawings, in which an embodiment of the subject matter of the invention purely for example is shown. Show it:

1 shows a dive time diagram

2 shows a horizontal section through the diving time measuring device }

3 shows a detail B from FIG. 2 on a larger scale;

■ Fig. 4 shows a section through the dive timing device the line A-A in Figure 2;

Fig. 5 shows the dial of the dive timing device.

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The formula on which the construction of the dive time measuring device is based for determining the dive time t is like follows derived »

For gases at constant temperature, the relation »P ₁ applies. T ₁ = P ₂ . V ₂ ( _a )

where P is absolute pressure and T is volume.

In the housing of the dive timing device, two Bourdon tubes are exposed to the water pressure P ^, but not the absolute pressure is.

For the absolute pressure, the value P _{w has} to be increased by 1, ie by the pressure at the surface of the earth of 1 kg / cm, the absolute water pressure is therefore P _w + 1. The inside of one of the Bourdon tubes is under the gas pressure of the gas supply and is at the same time exposed outside to the water pressure, it can therefore only _{"display" the differential pressure Pq between the gas pressure and the water pressure P v} , which takes place through a movement of its pipe end connected to the second Bourdon tube. For the absolute gas pressure of the gas supply, the relation »Pq absolut applies. = P_ + P ^ + 1 = displayed differential pressure + absolute water pressure.

In the formula derivation, in addition to the terms mentioned above, »

Pq = displayed differential pressure between gas pressure and Water pressure in kg / cm,

P _v = displayed water pressure in kg / cm also the terms »

Vq = bottle volume in ltr.

V _A = breathing air consumption at normal pressure (1 ata) in

ltr./min.
According to the relationship given above »

P ₁ . V ₁ * P ₂ . V ₂ (a)

can be the existing gas volume V _£ upon expansion to the absolute water pressure P _w + 1 determine, using

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of the expression given above for the absolute gas pressure of the gas supply.

It applies

(P _¥ + 1) V _E = (P _G + P _v + DV _G (b)

^Y E = ^G P ^ ₊ I ^¥ , (c)

The gas volume Yy available for breathing is obtained by reducing Vg by the bottle volume Y _fi , because the bottle containing the gas supply also contains gas with the pressure P "+ 1. Thereafter:

V ⁼ EG and with the expression (c)

^V V ⁼ P _¥ +1 ^V G ⁼

If the expression (d) is divided for the available volume of gas Vy by the value Y. for the breathing air consumption pco minute, then for the still possible diving time t = y - die Relationship:

⁷ G ' ^P G ⁷ G ^P G / x

⁼ η

In this, the bottle volume Vq is a constant value, and the breathing air consumption Y. can also be viewed as a constant value, with the average value Y _A = 40 l / min for adults. is applicable.

Accordingly, the diving time t is dependent on the displayed differential pressure Pq between gas pressure and water pressure and on the water pressure P ^. The diving time diagram shown in Fig. 1 shows the still possible diving time t as a function of the differential _{pressure P Q} and the water pressure P ^. On the lower

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_{The values for the differential pressure P Q} on the right-hand axis of the coordinate system in FIG. 1 and the values for the water pressure P ^ on the horizontal axis. which start with zero at point E of this axis. For the absolute water pressure P _w + 1, the zero point is therefore at point D of this axis, the distance DE corresponding to one atmosphere. According to the expression derived above for the diving time t, the lines for the same diving time therefore start from point D in the diagram according to FIG. 1. In Fig. 1, the determination of the diving time t is illustrated by an example. If the bottle volume is V «20 l and the breathing air consumption V ^ 40 l / min. is, then with a momentarily prevailing differential pressure between gas pressure and water pressure, which is connected to the one Bourdon tube in the device.

can show, for example, P _n = 160 kg / cm and at a

Current diving depth of 30 m corresponding to P _w «3kg / cm

ΡΩ 1 inCi

the still possible dive time t = 4 ^. · 5 ~ γ = 20 min. This off Fig. 1 readable value is indicated by arrows.

The diving timing device shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 has a housing 1 which is attached to a gas storage bottle (not shown) can be connected, with a feed line for the gas being passed through the housing part intended for the connection, to which a Bourdon tube 2 is connected, by soldering the pipe end to the housing inside the housing in such a way that the inside of the Bourdon tube is under the gas pressure ' Des. Gas supply is in the bottle, not shown. A second Bourdon tube 3 connects to the end of the first Bourdon tube 2, the two tubes being rigidly connected to one another by means of a connecting piece 6, so that the Bourdon tube 3 follows all movements of the Bourdon tube 2.

The end of the second Bourdon tube 3 is rigidly connected to a transmission arm 4 by a connecting piece 5. As is best shown in Fig. 4, this transmission has

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arm a downwardly angled arm end, which against a surface of the upper leg of an about an axis D (Fig. 3 and 4) pivotable lever 8 rests laterally. The lower leg of the U-shaped lever is a toothed segment formed, as can best be seen from FIG. The upper leg of the lever 8 forms a backdrop for the end of the transmission arm 4> that can slide along the side surface of this backdrop. If the transmission arm end 4 is in the zero point position of the device, the distance between the center axis E of this arm end and the The pivot axis D for the lever 8 is equal to the distance that the transmission arm end 4 at a water pressure difference of 1 atü, i.e. the distance DE in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 corresponds to the distance DE in the diagram according to Fig. 1.

The toothed segment, which forms the lower leg of the lever 8, is in engagement with a gear 9, which on a pointer shaft mounted in the housing, on which a pointer 14 is fixedly arranged, which is located above a dial 16 moves. A bearing plate 10 is used to support the Pointer shaft and the pivot axis for the lever 8. In the bearing plate 10, a spring carrier 12 is attached to which the one The end of a spiral spring 13 is attached, which engages the pointer shaft and which is in driving connection, of the gear, toothed segment with backdrop and transmission arm existing parts of the device holds free of play and in the direction Zero point division burdened.

A membrane 11 closes an opening in the housing 1, so that the water pressure via the opening and the membrane can act on the interior of the housing, which causes corrosion preventive liquid, e.g. Vaseline, through which the water pressure finally acts on the Bourdon tubes. The upwardly open housing 1 is through a glass 15

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covered, through which the pointer position above the dial can be read, and the glass rests on a seal 17 fastened in the housing and is secured by a locking ring '18, which makes it easy to change the glass and the dial underneath it, so that the dial can be exchanged for another with a modified scale. If the one described here If the device is used on gas storage cylinders of different sizes, the one that appears in the formula for the diving time t must be used Bottle volume Tq can be taken into account in a correspondingly adapted scale. ,

In the zero position of the device, the toothed segment of the lever 8 is pressed against a stop 7 by the spring 13. The bearing plate 10 is fastened to the housing 1 by means of fastening bolts 19.

The functioning of the device is as follows The dive timer shows the value for the dive time t = 0 if there is ambient pressure in the cylinders for the gas supply prevails. When the cylinder is under a higher gas pressure, the gas pressure acts on the inside of the Bourdon tube 2, which passes through the a membrane closed opening in the housing is exposed to the water pressure on the outside. The end of the Bourdon tube 2 at Connection piece 6 moves with increasing gas pressure in a certain direction, and moves in the same direction also the angled end of the transmission arm 4, which rigidly evacuated via the connecting piece 5 with the second Bourdon tube 3 is connected. This Bourdon tube is unchanged Water pressure is assumed to be stiff, and therefore the movement of the Bourdon tube end under the gas pressure executed by the angled end of the transmission arm 4 in exactly the same way. This movement of the transmission arm

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end 4 takes place in the direction Y of FIG. 3, which is a section Y represents an enlargement of the corresponding part in FIG. In the Y direction, the end of the transmission arm 4 follows the change the differential pressure between gas pressure and water pressure. The direction of movement Y runs through the center point E of the Transmission arm end 4. In the diagram of FIG. 1, this direction of movement corresponds to the Y-axis starting from point E.

The evacuated Bourdon tube 3 only follows the change in the Water pressure and contracts with increasing water pressure, so that the pipe end at 5 and in the same way the transmission arm end 4 executes a movement in the direction Σ in FIG. 3 at point E. The two Bourdon tubes must be arranged and connected to one another in such a way that the movements in the directions Y and Σ are perpendicular to one another corresponding to the two coordinates X and Y in the dive time diagram according to Fig. 1..

At full gas pressure of 200 atmospheres, but no water pressure, the end of the transmission arm 4 has moved into position Ii after Fig. 3 moves. When the end of the transmission arm 4 slides along the link surface of the lever 8, it rotates Tooth segment around point D and transmits the movement via the gear wheel to the pointer, which is at position 1 in Fig. 3 according to the diagram of FIG. 1 100 minutes for the immersion time t indicates.

When diving and the water pressure increases, the differential pressure P _Q becomes smaller, so that the movement in the Y direction is reversed. As the immersion depth increases, the end of the transmission arm 4 moves due to the movement of the evacuated Bourdon tube in the direction Σ from position 1 to position

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M in Fig. 3. This position M corresponds to full water pressure and gas pressure of a display of 14 minutes for the diving time t in the diagram according to FIG. 1. With the current consumption as the differential pressure Pq decreases, the end of the transmission arm moves 4 with constant water pressure, i.e. the same diving depth from position M to position N. Fig. 3, the display for the dive time t approaching zero. With simultaneous change of differential pressure Pq and water pressure P ^ leads the transmission arm end 4 one of the two Single movements compound movement. With every movement, the end of the transmission arm slides on the backdrop surface along and the respective position of the lever 8 is transferred to the pointer.

Since the lines of equal diving time t in the diagram according to FIG. Start from the zero point D for the absolute water pressure, results the simplicity of the transmission of the position of the end of the transmission arm under the prevailing pressure conditions in a pivoting position of the lever 8 and thus in a corresponding one Pointer position by the pivot point D for the lever 8 from the central axis E of the end of the transmission arm moving the lever has a distance which corresponds to the distance of the end of the transmission arm with a water pressure difference of 1 atm.

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Claims (6)

232'23OQ Claims Diving time measuring device for displaying the diving time still available to a diver with an instantaneous gas supply at an instantaneous water diving depth, characterized in that a first member (2), which is acted upon by the pressure of the gas supply and exposed to the water pressure, is provided, which shows the change in the differential pressure between Gas pressure and water pressure converts into a movement of a part (2a) of this organ (2), and that said part of the organ is rigidly connected to a second organ (3) which is only exposed to water pressure and which converts the pressure change in the water at different depths into one Movement of a part (3a) of this second organ (3) converts, which part (3a) of the second organ executes a movement composed of both individual movements and is used for the display due to the aforementioned rigid connection with a simultaneous change in the aforementioned differential pressure and water pressure, and that the organs (2, 3) are arranged and are connected so that the directions of the individual movements due to differential pressure change and water pressure change are perpendicular to each other, the respective position of the display part (3a) of the second organ (3) in relation to a zero position for the said differential pressure and water pressure through the vertical distances is determined whose ratio to each other a value for the diving time t according to the formula t = γ-. results, where Ρ _{β is} the pressure difference between gas pressure and water pressure, P _{w is} the water pressure and γ ^ is a constant resulting from the initial gas storage volume Y “ and the gas consumption V. of the diver per unit of time. 309849/0836 2. dive timing device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the pressurized gas supply and the The first organ exposed to water pressure is a Bourdon tube (2) arranged in a housing (1), one end of which is connected to a supply line is connected in a housing part intended for connection to a gas storage bottle, and its through Change in the differential pressure of the moving part (2a) forming the other end in said one direction by stretching and moving the pipe (2), which is pressurized on the inside and exposed to the water pressure on the outside, back and forth can, and that the second organ, which is only exposed to water pressure, is another Bourdon tube (3) which is evacuated, and one end of which is rigidly connected to the said other end (2a) of the first tube, and which by changing the Free end (3a) forming water pressure moving part extends in said other direction perpendicular to the first direction Stretching and contraction of the outside exposed to the water pressure Tube (3) can move back and forth, the free tube end (3a) serving for the display due to the rigid connection (6) of the Bourdon tubes (2, 3) execute a movement composed of the two individual movements mentioned can, and that furthermore the housing (1) has an opening which is closed by a membrane (11) and which prevents corrosion Medium is filled, through which the water pressure on the membrane acts on the Bourdon tubes (2, 3). 3 «dive time measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the moving part (3a) of the second organ (3) serving for the display can be pivoted about an axis (D) Lever (8) is in driving connection, and that a pointer (14) moved by the lever (8) and a dial (16) in the 309849/0836 232230Q Housing (1) are provided, which dial · a scale for direct reading of the diving time t. 4 · Diving time measuring device according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the for display serving end (3a) of the evacuated Bourdon tube (3) is rigidly connected to a transmission arm (4) whose angled The end of the arm against a surface of an upper leg of the lever (8) pivotable about the axis (D), forming a gate, sideways,. borrowed and can slide along this link surface, and that the lever (8) U-shaped and its lower Leg is designed as a toothed segment through which the pivot axis (D) runs parallel to the angled Uebertragungsarmende (4) extends through it, and that the distance (D-E) between the central axes of the angled arm end (4) in its zero point position corresponding to 0 atü water pressure P ^. and the parallel Pivot axis (D) equal to the distance covered by the transfer arm end (4) with a water pressure difference of 1 atü, whereby the pivot axis (D) is in the zero point for the absolute water pressure P ^. +1 is located. 5. Diving timing device according to one or more of the claims. 1 to 4, characterized in that the tooth segment (8) is in engagement with a gear (9) which is mounted on a pointer shaft mounted in the housing (1) on which the Pointer (14) is fixedly arranged, and that a spring (13) anchored on the housing engages the pointer shaft, which the in Driving connection consisting of gearwheel, toothed segment with link and transmission arm parts (4, 8) without play holds and loaded in the direction of the zero point position. 309849/0836 6. Diving time measuring device according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the dial (16) in the housing (1) is arranged interchangeably in order to provide dials with different scales in adaptation to differently sized output gas volumes Y " and different gas consumption Y" . to be exchanged for each other. 309849/0836 Blank page