DE2318925A1 - GAS POWERED ENGINE - Google Patents

Description

DiPL-CHEM. dr. HARALD STACH

PAT F.N VAN WALT

2 HAMBURG 1 ■ AD ENAU ERALLEE 3O · TELEPHONE (0411) 244523 Λ 'S <|

File number t new registration Applicant ; Hitachi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan Gas powered prime mover

The invention relates to a gas-powered engine with devices for operating an oxygen-exhaust gas mixture and devices for recirculating cooled exhaust gas to the suction device. The term "engine ^11" as used herein includes heat engines, including internal combustion engines, gas turbines and steam turbines.

The object of the invention is _{to create ea f} grasbetriebe® power machines of the type mentioned at the beginning, which can be operated with ίαΐ9Τ oxygen-exhaust gas mixture and thereby enable a simple, fast, effective and reliable control of the circulating gas volume and the oxygen supply under all operating conditions and also easily can be converted to operation with Uxtt.

To solve this problem, the gas-powered engine of the type mentioned at the outset is characterized according to the invention by regulating devices for the circulating gas with a Exhaust gas compressor for compressing a part of the exhaust gas that slightly exceeds the excess exhaust gas volume when the machine is loaded with mamiasal »at least one pressure control valve to recirculate the gas to keep the circuit constant ·» running gas pressure required part of the compressed J & « gases in the cycle gas trad devices for discharging the remaining compressed exhaust gas to Ausaen, as well as Control devices for the oxygen supply with a « Oxygen setpoint generator, an oxygen actual value sensor, an oxygen »control valve and a» control device which is influenced by the oxygen · .- ■■■ I Scrertaeesser should »

309843/0506 ~ ² ~

valuable control of the oxygen control valve

According to a preferred embodiment, there is also one Device with measurement of the fuel volume supplied before journeyman, with the control devices for the Sauer « material supply dan measured value for the supplied fuel volume lumen in an input «output« conversion according to the for the complete distribution of the specified fuel, Use the theoretically required volume of oxygen and the starting value corresponding to the difference between the »setpoint of oxygen. <» setpoint generator and the actual value of the oxygen actual value meter is corrected This device measures the amount of fuel supplied. lumens, dato®i can advantageously use a tachometer Measuring device - for the position of the volute adjusting device the fuel pump and a multiplication calculator on * ·., show that the measured values of the tachometer and the Hess « device to a volume equivalent to the supplied fuel volume Measured value is multiplied * Instead of this, dia Device for measuring the sugefilhrten Brenne to ff volume also have a fuel »StrÖmungsiaes» ®r «

In a further embodiment of the invention, the oxygen · actual value meter can be arranged in a branch line which. «Ine in a suction gas» supply line © Bile © bypasses, Babel is advantageous in the branch line in the direction of flow in front of the Saueretoff-Istvertmesaer, and a water separator-arranged -. - ■

Suction gas can be expediently by -Wlneetau-seis. with the exhaust gas weiS © in 'intake gas «· warmer bit' of an" exhaust gas dellβi'ttmg, ®ia @ r Mehrsaiy » aroundvmn ürafangsfläoh» arranged '' hips, ösad ®inest, this® uBechlieBsend®n, gloich side mis - Vi • suction tank used % ή of the exhaust gas aisaaelXäittsag near «the outlet of the suction line

309843 / 0S05 ^m > *

be arranged that opens at low load and to compensate for the reduced intake gas preheating a part of the exhaust gas can flow over directly into the intake gas.

To improve the working method during start-up »ktSn» NEN also devices for the injection of compressed air or inert gas with a high ratio of the specific "heat, for example nitrogen, helium or argon, be provided in the gas cycle. To this end, the engine can use a Container for compressed air or the inert gas, one of these »1t the supply line connecting the circulatory gas system, one into the » ser arranged shut-off valve and one between these and The overflow line to the circulating gas system, which branches off from the container and is provided with a nozzle and a shut-off valve exhibit. You can still use this to blow off the circle * running gas when blowing in compressed air or inert gas Safety valve that is closer to the machine lies as the opening of the supply line for the compressed air or the inert gas · In a further embodiment, the circuit can « gas system an oxygen ^ Mlechbehälter, an in flow ·· direction upstream of this shut-off valve, a in StrÖ * direction gate this «arranged safety valve and one * wlsehe the shut-off valve and the oxygen * mixing «· container opening feed line for the compressed air or the inert gas have ·

Da * recycle gas system may advantageously provided with a check valve, sum Sarbeigehäuse the machine and / or the Abgaekompressors leading branch line and a valve disposed in front of this check valve mum inlet of in 4ir- - f -i the engine room leaked Qas in da * recycle gas * 8ystem have »The last-mentioned check valve is expediently designed for a higher opening pressure than the check valve in the branch line leading to the crankcase.

309843/0506

The Xraf tmaeehine can be beneficial for use in water a water suction pump for introducing water to the cow * ment of la machine room arranged devices, a Water tank for the water used for cooling »a water drainage pump asur removal of the water from the water tank outwards against the outer water pressure, «ine the pressure side the water drainage pump old siphon pipe connecting the water tank and a siphon pipe depending on the water level in the water tank opening or "chile * besides having valve" For use in a den. predetermined coolness Exceeding water depth is the water supply system swacknassig With a Bruckregelvantil to reduce the Water pressure on the Ktlhlwasserdniek and one on the Pressure side of the 'rfaeeerabriihrpuape eye & rdsteten non-return valve provided «

NaoJi a particularly hmvQTSixgtmzi Äusfülirungsforae veist - the engine xur cooling and cleaning the exhaust gas a 'Sprünvorrlehtung «in the direct®» injection test of. Time tea water in the ~ exhaust pipe »» inen, this is Str ^ snsngsrichtung SIACH geeohalteten water ¹ sus "separation of Sühlwassers and geblldetezi by burning water from the '_ exhaust and" inen the & bgetr "ffi t · Htt» »ar auffangenden- Open the water tank with a drainage system attached to it to remove the water generated by combustion Cooling water is arranged »., -

In the following, precautionary measures are given: “ Au» t ^ hram ^ mS®smmn der Srfin ätaag under supervision on dl «^» i ^ eugtea Eeienungea ^ ei- * ar3.äti * # rt _e

1 «im · seh * mati * öii · Üm & mtvllmtg

«Si®

3 shows a schematic representation of a water cycle

systems and
Fig. H is a schematic representation of a modified water circulation system.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the actual engine 1 is arranged in a machine room 2 . The exhaust gas from the machine 1 flows through an exhaust gas conduit 3 i »an exhaust gas cooler k and is cooled to room temperature in this _s where the water vapor generated by the combustion condenses * The cooled exhaust gas is passed through an exhaust gas line into a water separator 6, in which the condensed® water is separated off. If the carbon dioxide gas generated during the combustion process corresponds to the proportion of the dehydrated exhaust gas, it is thrown through a circulation line 7 and ± nm Rojapyeseor-AKsaugleltuag 8 an exhaust gas condenser 9 wagefuhxi and sacfe 8 © ± η®τ compression line through an Eoiapreasor · = · breeze line ®iM non- return valve 11 against “ine” the ¥ ass ”s ° tiöf © corresponding outside water pressure оms the cold room 2 near the outside. The remaining exhaust gas is dewatered _t f as recycle gas through the Kreielsafleiitaageii and introduced into & tn @ n SaiaoriBtoff "" mixing vessel 13 and mixed in 12 di®s © HK n t ± oxygen slub mixtmm oxygen container 15 üfe®r a Sauerstoffzui®itung 29 and && n tn this angoordiistos Sauer · substance control valve 14 auge leads -wi.Tu * The oxygen-containing ^ Ä & 9 & ugga.e generated on this® ¥ ®ise is via edae Assauggas-Zuleittsi & g i6, ela »a Aasawggae-Vo ^ wSräaer 17 tsad © is & e suction line 18 sucked into the engine and ssur combustion of a fuel is bestutat, which is supplied from a fuel tank 19 via §s 1k® fuel tank% mg 34 and a braanis fuel bottle 20 »The power generated in the machine drives a load device 22 connected to a drive shaft 21 and also the exhaust gas compressor 9 via pulleys 23 and 2k

.6

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.6-

The intake gas supply line 16 is also connected to an air inlet valve 25 by an air intake line 31. An exhaust pipe 32 leads from the compressor intake line 8 to an exhaust valve 26. A switching valve 23 is arranged between the circuit lines 7 and 12 »S & arch« inen Schw ± sas®r · »switch 27, the air inlet valve 25 and the Auepuff valve 26 are automatically opened and the UmsehaXtven« »valve 28 and the oxygen inlet valve 30 are closed. . When the engine room appears on the surface of the water, in the case of atmospheric operation flowing into the air, air is sucked in through the air duct and the gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe 32 - locatedK.
v®ntils 33 the Masehisa® 1 stä.2.1 can be set

Up to the above-described engine toaa operation with an oxygen * exhaust gas sis ©: taag 1b® sit at the invention
Regelvorriehtungea for the Kreislasafgasvoluiaen-ujad die
Oxygen supply «. .

Becomes the rule of the circulatory gas flow. eisa.e the during the combustion of fuel in the Masehin © "carbon dioxide gas generated t .entsprechende Abgasa © AG® of d © si Gassfersis" · race (exhaust $ cycle gas ~ * Ansasaggas) dissipated _s so d "r gas pressure in the circuit sur Erssiöltaag @ in © s stable B @ «triöbsssustaiidee on a predetermined ¥ @ rt constant g®« will «for this purpose, © rfiadtagsgeiallss a portion of the exhaust gas that is a bit grüss®?» than the one at
Maximum load on the machine 1 iib @ rs @ l% üssäg® exhaust gas quantity® «Part of the compressed exhaust gas is circulated via an exhaust gas pressure control valve 35 and an electronic pressure control valve 37 into the gas system. this
via any of the exhaust pipe to the
leading® connecting lead; show «» · B®i der
t © n execution »form 1st dies® with the upper T @ 1I d © s

309843 / OSOS " ⁷

· Wasserabschelders β connected Sas Stonstantdruck-Hegelven '* til 37 operates on the basis of the absolute pressure * "within a thermostatic air tank 36, so that the gas pressure at this point based on dan absolute pressure vird kept constant» The remaining (i.e., "h. Excess ), compressed exhaust gas is discharged from the compressor pressure line 10 via a non-return valve 11 from the engine room 2 to the outside. If the gas pressure generated by the exhaust gas compressor 9 must be higher than the pressure of the circulating gas, the closing pressure of the non-return valve 11 must be higher than the pressure of the circulating gas, even at low water depths "Since the discharge pressure of the exhaust gas compressor 9 is low at shallow water depths, the above-described two-stage pressure control, ie the exhaust gas pressure regulating valve 35 can be dispensed with." a speed control and an exhaust gas flow control for the exhaust gas compressor superfluous) so that the difficulties arising from this are avoided and a very reliable control can be achieved with little effort.

Control of the oxygen supply vird this means a "ύοτ oxygen supply line 29 arranged oxygen" · Bruekregei vent ils "it constant pressure an oxygen * St ^ BiBungsregelventil ik supplied which the discharged oxygen volume as a function of a is in Pig" 2 * ge "shared control arrangement regulates.

Bsi the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 is that in the ÄaBaugga.8 · »supply line 16 present oxygen concentration by an electrically operated oxygen * actual value beeser its electrical measured value to a control unit

"d * · ®m $ MMvmm% tB- is connected to a Sauerreetoff-SollweiPtieber hi " t "on which a predetermined setpoint for the fuel consumption in the

309843 / QSG

Supply line 16 is inftittUt. 9 «· The output signal of the * control units« * K> is corrected in such a way that ·· see the · oxygen concentration in the intake gas »supply line 16 dra Sollvert approaches · B« i the version shown vforai vforai the · output signal in «in« « Usnrandler k2 in a flow pressure set, treleher controls the oxygen control valve and thereby the supply of the · -rorbestiKte oxygen tolusiens sieve Although the oxygen concentration can be scanned electrically by the oxygen switch 39 and the measuring signal and the outgassing signal de »de -Sollvertgebers% 1 lsi controller kO electrically uagesetst and its output signal in eiaeft riieeedruek usigevandelt vird, kttnnen all RegelvoxgHnge or any thereof dureh a Brusknediua or dureh aechaziisehe agents are bevlrkt "Bureh the Anvendung of these control devices, the Sauerstoffkoneentration i" Ansauggae mat einfaehe catfish sttverlttesig held on the “vorbeetiawten S & llvert”.

Bi * above-described certification devices for the circle Inflation levels and the oxygen supply keep the Xraftatasehlne must operate "with an oxygen" exhaust gas viewing *

SusKttlieh axt uwn the above-mentioned doors are · • list di * is ? Ig. 1 shown * Atsftlhningafor »further re * geivorlehtungen, tn TersSgeniagen. the le * tisssung the Sauerstoffkenseiitratloii ia 3a "* rst" ff "I * twer *» e »» he aussueooal. · ten, ¥ "in the Xratittlung ά" τ Saxierstoffkoneentratien uplifting Liehe YersUgerungen eintre% "m, Lead *" ti · "At pi" particle changes ia operating status of the üasohime 1 as a result of the delivery in the Xaehr * depending on the sour · teffeufuhr 4aau _t that "the tateftehlishe eam" s ** t * ffkeas * ntratlon is temporarily at the high eder su ttmf "VAE a suverl & ealgen end stable operation · ν · * 1 & ν ·? # * B * t ύ · ν in FIGS. T and β shown AusfahruBffsfara 1st itaher an electrically ar · beitender SreluiahlMeeser k% and a Brennetoff" ufuhr-

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kk provided which * the position of an associated with the fuel pump "SO Verstellarganes *, for example, a rack" scans · The tachometer 43 and the Hess device are kk "κ end of the drive shaft 2t of the machine 1 located and" it a multiplication * · * calculator 45 connected, which multiplies its output signals for the in * direct determination of the supplied oxygen volume ». The result is the control device kO "for performing an appropriate input * output UmwaRdlimg performed according to the theory for complete combustion of the zugaführten fuel volume required oxygen" · volume! ", Wherein min dee supplied fuel * volume corresponding eleltrieehe * signal" is obtained which by the converter hZ is converted into the pressure of a »pressure medium _t which regulates the oxygen control valve ik in the sense of a» ugged Br «snatoffvelum» n ·· regulates the oxygen supply ·

By using these regulating devices, there are only slight delays even with sudden changes in the operation of the machine, but there are no delays. Errors in the speed measurement and the determination of the position of the control rack and pinion regulating the delivery volume of the fuel pump 20 and the adjustment of the input »output» conversion of the multiplication calculator and the control unit «. Add up during a long period of operation in such a way that the “full” substance consumption in the intake gas can become either high or low. For this reason, the actual oxygen concentration in the intake gas is measured by the oxygen concentration in the Aaaatauggias supply line % 6 mag »» arranged oxygen «2stwertK! ©« r 39 and the boiler value is also fed into the control unit 40. Beer * by is>. The Express "gaiig-Auega? G * ^ ffiwsEiilung in the control unit kO adapted _t the Sauers to ffkona®ntrati © s aase the" by the oxygen setpoint generator 41 setpoint ent · talks. Through this process, a control of the oxygen level is achieved, and through the control of the gas

309843 / 050S

Oxygen concentration in the intake gas eliminated the risk " tet that the oxygen concentration in the aneaug gas at long Operating time jbu rises high or drops too far. This ensures an improved regulation

When using the control devices described above, the volume of pulp supplied is indirectly based on the speed of the machine and the position of the conveying volume. the fuel pump controlling adjusting element determined. Instead of the supplied Brennstoffvolu · Bens a fuel "kS flow meter, in the manner shown in Figure 1 for the direct measurement in the fuel supply line 3h are arranged _f whose measured value dl" rectly into the control unit 40 is fed.

In the embodiment described above, the supplied fuel volume is determined electrically and the Measurement data converted to electrical power and then »off« input signal converted into a Braek by the converter ** 2, which the oxygen «Hegel valve controls 1%. Instead of However, all work gears can also be electrical, or single or several of them through, a Bruckmediura or mechanical means are carried out «

The OxygenoXstwertBtesser 39 can be installed with e® ± n @ m Hesskopf for direct contact with the intake gas in the intake gas »supply line i6» whereby, however, there is deposition of water vapor and carbon sludge from the intake gas and due to the influence of the temperature of the intake gas Keesfeh. » ler can arise. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a Suse 47 is therefore arranged in the intake gas supply line 6 and the pressure drop generated by this in the intake gas is used to divert part of the intake gas through a suction pipe above the DUs © k? arranged branch line ^ 8 via a cooler 49 and a water separator 50 dea Hesskopf des Oxygen-Ietwefteeseere 39 euaufüliren 'uad

3O0843 / 0SÖ

from there via a return line; 51 to be fed back into the intake gas feed line x. In this way measurement errors » sources are switched off.

Since the suction gas generated in the oxygen mixing tank 13 consists essentially of the carbon dioxide gas produced as a combustion product in a mixture with saturated water vapor and the minimum volume of oxygen required for the combustion of the fuel, the ratio of the specific heat is low so that the compression temperature in the machine drops and satisfactory ignition and combustion of the fuel are impaired. To avoid this difficulty, the grain pressure temperature of the intake gas can be increased by preheating. In the embodiment shown in FIG of ribs 53 arranged on its surface and a suction container $ k which surrounds them and serves on the same side as an air chamber. The intake gas is therefore preheated with high efficiency when flowing through the intake container 5h is in contact with the numerous ribs 53 by the hot exhaust gas, so that "its temperature rises rapidly and the aforementioned difficulties are eliminated." * machine room 2 by the ssammslleitung from Abg & 3 at high temperature outgoing radiation heat prevented and the durability of the parts · improved to further platforms "· tion of this effect, the suction tank $ h the Abgaeswelgleitungen 52 uasohliessen · the heat transfer * surface of Ansaugges preheater" must be determined in such a way that when the machine 1 is fully loaded in the intake * the predetermined temperature is reached. At low load *

3098A3 / 0S06

iastung are therefore the Y * rbr "nnungsbedingtragen unfavorable ale at high load" to Tersieidung this Difficult * ness kmtxa dae AneaugwAuslassteil 55 de * AnsaughehJULter »54 with an exhaust bypass valve 56 may be provided" because "opens at a temperature drop la Anaauggas during low load and to compensate for the reduced intake * gas deficiency, a part of the exhaust gases "flowing directly into the intake gas" 9 that the temperature of the intake gas is increased in this way. To control the exhaust gas overflow valve * 56 three main methods can be used.

On the one hand, the temperature of Ansattggases in de "part of the suction 1β, the closer the machine one sat as the exhaust» ttherstrüanr "ntil § 6 and xur control of öffsiungsgrades the exhaust via β träja ^ s tils be used, the temperature ust d #s keep intake gas a constant eu

On the other hand, the Abgae * "of the engine 1 trttarrentl about * 56 at full load in its SehliefisteXlung, at low loading" utilization in its open position and with partial load in a central opening "position ®u kept * r are alternately opened and closed" In this- Fall »us · the gradient at part load, taking into account the« ultimate maxiMaltearperatur de «intake gas t at ireller opening and _: the aulaaei * ·» Μ15ϊ4αα1 ** ηφ «γ» ^ γ des Ana »u $ gae« s at -rollst iger bottom closing de » Abgae-t} berstr »anfentil» 56 to · * stiasit vmrdmn, Jn minigmsi If it is an at two-stage regulation Closed position »» with middle opening * β division wnd a foil opening position & n »uwe & 4en. M · Belaetun «der Ma * sehine 1 can through the et« ll «ng de * Färdervelusien« · Stellergaa »der! Renn« 4offjsuiei> e im © der by ice product au «dl« ·· «MeaewerS und der Maeehte» a * Sr «h» Ähl become bastioont «,

309843/0505

• t3-2318928

Schlieaslich, the exhaust Übarströmventii 56 also taking advantage dam are controlled circumstances that the check Abgaseaiaaelleitung 3 suaehmender load due dQa rise of the temperature of the exhaust gas more or Veniger highly thermally expands "

· By Vervendung the suction above the preheater 17 is the suction especially during the period of high stress free from dureh überströxaung eingespeistem exhaust "and sum reaching the intake need not, as previously supplied all the heat dureh overflow of exhaust au vmrdmn .. This allows the when exhaust gas flows over, through deposits of sulfur oxides, »burned« · carbon residues etc · caused damage to the machine and the circulating gas * systems are largely reduced *

Even with Yrnv ^ rnndving of the suction ** gas * preheater 1 described above? increases the temperature of the intake gas wälfc · "rend or not after starting the engine 1 sufficiently, since the suction 1S a large Värmekapasit t be * sits · Since this rotation steel umr machine still low 1st * of fuel because of low compression is poorly · gesundet and burned so that e "is very difficult to start the engine 1 under Kreisiaufbedingungen" in ά · τ in Fig. Aueführungeform shown 1 are therefore devices provided sum blowing compressed air into the circulatory * gas * system, joined to the Kohlendloxidkonsen ion reduce the intake gas su and eliminate the aforementioned difficulties. Compressed air is supplied from a compressed air tank 38, which, after suitable pressure reduction, is fed into the gas circulation system via compressed air pressure regulating valves 59 and 60 in order to reduce the carbon dioxide consumption in the gas circulation. The pure blowing of compressed air came at any point in the circulating gas system from the exhaust pipe

309843 / 0S05 " ^{iJ |} *

Suction line 18 take place. In the embodiment shown, the compressed air ± n is fed into the circulation line 12, thus eliminating the above-mentioned problem.

To improve this effect, a safety valve 6 T can be arranged near the inlet of the suction line 18 and fretting air can be blown in in the manner described above in order to blow out the cycle gas through the safety valve 6i and thus replace the cycle gas in the system with air. In this case, the mouth 62 of the compressed air supply line is removed as far as possible from the safety valve 61, i.e. closer to the exhaust gas line 5 or the exhaust gas overflow valve 56 is opened so that the circulating gas from the exhaust gas cooler k, the exhaust gas line 5 and the water separator 6 can flow via the exhaust gas overflow valve 56 to the safety valve 6t.

While these methods are effective in starting the machine after reducing the carbon dioxide gas concentration in the Krals running gas system or replacing the circulating gas with air, these measures can also be carried out while the machine is being started. If the exhaust gas compressor 9 rotates together with the machine 1 in this case, the working gas pressure can be kept constant by reducing the circulation gas volume and increasing the exhaust gas volume, if the blown air volume is less than the excess compression capacity of the exhaust gas compressor 9 Di difference The compression capacity of the compressor and the remaining exhaust gas volume is dab ·! Gl "lch d" m through the exhaust gas * Bruekr * gel valve 35 and the "constant pressure B * g" lv "ntil 37 recirculated gas volume, which at that time the starting" the mass in "g * f * b 'n * n L «« rlauf relatively large 1st, W "nn the • ing" blaa «n · volume of air * n grSss" r 1st than dl · excess "Kospr * ssionskapas; is itKt _t dl · Startftthl ^ cttlt" benfalls

309843/0505 " ^{15 <} "

. _15th 231892B

improved, but the working gas pressure increases up to Blow out into engine room 2 via safety valve 61.

The machine can be started according to the methods described above, but the carbon dioxide concentration in the intake gas increases increasingly after the injection of compressed air has ended, and the delay in preheating by the intake gas preheater 17 leads to a low intake temperature, so that no stable combustion is achieved and in extreme cases the machine stops An overflow line 6k provided with a nozzle can be blown into the circulating gas system by opening the shut-off valve 63 in order to reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide gas in the intake gas within the range of the excessive compression capacity of the exhaust gas compressor 9 * In this way, the above difficulty can be overcome

All of the operational measures described above are carried out under circulatory conditions, ie with the switchover valve 28 open, while appropriately regulated amounts of oxygen are fed in via the oxygen control valve lh.

In addition to the methods described above, »tempering to facilitate the machine under circulatory conditions by blowing in compressed air, the starting ability can be fulfilled * appropriately also earn better by choosing * When the machine is started, pressurized inert gases alt Iso in the ratio of the specific heat, play wise nitrogen, helium or argon in the cycle gas

3 0 9 8 A 3 / OSOS

System injects _g to reduce this catfish the concentration of carbon dioxide gas in Ärbeitsgas and · to eliminate "difficulties the start"

This can, when starting ά "τ M & eeliis © 1 dae swisohess the water separator 6 and dea oxygen" mixing vessel 13 at * parent Unmehaltventil 28 are closed to the connection ssvlsefien the circuit lines 7 'ad 12 to interrupt "wherein equilateral asvischen d © e Ujasohalt ^ en · »til 28 and the oxygen» milk container 13 "^ via the Abaperr * valve 57 in from the Bruektj © MÜLt®r 58 via di © SSruo & control valve 59 similarly with reduced gas with . iferhMltni high "the speasifi @ ch @ © n Warm vird the zugo.fükrt · vird inert gas mixed in the oxygen container 13 with oxygen from the oxygen eggs * I5 container through d && Sauersto; ff *» SialaaeTSjriti.U 30 IMD oxygen * * 2} ruskr «g®lvdntil 38 with constsmteni

S «u.stoff <» il # gelv »atiä \ h ssusirömta biogas and oxygen virdx te di®

The from d © r Maa ^ lslsi © 1 s.im@strSs Brille2&4tons exhaust © r »v & rmt das AnasnggfAB im
in the exhaust 3dihl®r
and about the
sor S * sugafüiiirte P @, s T © rdioht®t3 JJfogas ward

31 imd-i & i littal & eliAa ^ B & tal 11

di® Soapr «3sioSiSkap5iSitrife

is

will

30Θ843 / 0505

the concentration of carbon final oxide gas In the intake gas an inert gas with a high ratio of the specific VSrrae in the cycle gas. The system is blown in, if in the event the volume of the inert gas supplied with a high specific heat ratio is less than the excess compression capacity of the exhaust gas compressor 9 the exhaust gas pressure regulating valve 35 and the constant pressure “ok” regulating valve 37, which corresponds to a considerable gas volume at the start, the working gas pressure can be increased by increasing the recirculated circuit gas volume and increasing the exhaust gas volume to the level given by the constant pressure · Hegel valve 3? certain »pressure to be held. Venn, however, the Inertgasvoluraen the surplus strength by compression "· capacity of the exhaust gas compressor exceeds 9, the startability can be obtained by reducing the concentration mn carbon dioxide gas and else Ärhöfcung the concentration de · inert gas can be improved with a high ratio of specific Väree but vobei dex · working gas pressure rises to the Working gas flows out of the hay room Z via the safety valve65.

Since even in the above-described mode of operation, it is true the start of the machine is made easier, but ekenco like when using compressed air after finishing the Sin * » the concentration of carbon dioxide gas in the intake gas slowly increases and the temperature of the intake gas ge the slow heating up of the gas preheater 17 low is »in this case too, one becomes a crisis stable combustion and to avoid an undesirable Stop of the machine ear recommended »after the start of the Machine in the manner described above to a sufficient rise in the temperature of the "Ansa & g" gases into the

309843/0505

• To »,

the excess compression capacity of the exhaust gas spr ··· »sors, low volume. Feed inert gas through flow line 6k "to reduce the concentration of cone dioxide gas in the intake gas"

When the safety valves 6t or 65 eai "mtTÜm" n " de gas are used, the bridge in engine room 2 is increased, but when machine 1 has reached its normal operating state and the working gas pressure is set to the value established by the Kanstantdrraek control valve 37 The non-return valve 66 will flow back from the engine room 2- into the circulating gas system if the gas pressure in the engine room 2 is higher than the bridge set by the constant pressure valve 37. In this way, the bridge in the engine room becomes set to a © twas above the bridge of the Konstantdruek * control valve *

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the crankcase 68 of the machine f is also connected to the intake line via a line provided with a check valve 67 In both cases, the gas escaping from the piston rings is returned to the working gas.By the return valve 67 containing the line can flow in the direction of flow behind the return valve 66 connecting to the engine room 2, for example in The valve shown should be arranged at the inlet of the suction line Even if the line containing the check valve 67 opens at the same point as the check valve 66 is supposed to open at the opening pressure of the return valve 67 A lower value can be set than that of the check valve 66 _9, since the pressure in the curve is added to this ehaue · is less than in engine room 2, so that # e

309843 / O & ÜS

the eye-catcher in the crankcase not in the machines * rough «2 can emerge.

When using this security guide, you can continue to by appropriately setting the opening pressure d back * aehlagventlles 66 reliably they are manufactured, dft · » the working gas pressure is below the pressure in engine room 2 * so that · not · the · danger of leakage «of the working gas There is a bite in engine room 2 for safety reasons

öer fuel tank 19 can still sveekaasslg via a Line "to be connected to a pressure reducing valve," as a fuel replacing gas into the fuel tank initiate *

The Masohinenraua S can be formed as a fully closed container if a start system is used "in which it is under Xrelslaufbedingungen with open switching valve 28 and starting the machine with the injection of compressed air or an inert gas" with a high degree of the specific Vftnae and controlled oxygen supply * cherheitsventlle 61 and 63 are omitted and the Reindeer "· concentration of Kohlendiostidgas i" Asisangga · is reduced "when doing by the Hüeksohlagventil 67 connecting line containing a ferblndus & g swlsehen de" Xurbelge · hftuse 68 of the machine 1 and / or de "crankcase to " From" gaskoa ^ ressors 9 on the one hand "to the Xrelelaufgae-Syst""on the other hand created and the $" escaping from the cylinders 4mr Ha "eehine 1 and / or the exhaust gas compressor 9 from the crankcase in" Arbeitega® aurü "kgs For reasons of safety, "#" is more advantageous "if" an inert gas "like nitrogen in the Mamshineftrae" is 2 hours * a day is closed, Aa salbet at «iner B« ae)% SUIlgun & des-Brenne teffeufühxung »in T * E« »yri * a« jQ de * Brauns toffee is engine room 2 nlokt ma a Bsfilosien lead kaim _e

309843 / OBOS

2318923

Cold Vasaar is injected into the exhaust gas flowing out of the engine 1 in the exhaust gas cooler k by means of a spray device 70 in order to cool the exhaust gas essentially to room temperature and to condense the vapors ssu generated during the combustion. The cooling water and the condensation water are separated in the water separator 6 and flow off into the water tank 71, while the dehydrated exhaust gas is fed as cycle gas to the oxygen mixing tank 13 and the excess exhaust gas is fed to the exhaust gas compressor 9.

According to a preferred embodiment, sea water can be used for direct cooling of the exhaust gas. When the engine according to the invention is used to drive a diving device, practically unlimited quantities of cold sea water are available outside the engine room 2 or, in the case of inland waters, also cold fresh water, the pressure of which corresponds to the water depth In the arrangement shown in FIG. 1, the cold seawater is sucked in via a water inlet valve 75 by a water suction pump 7 ^ which is driven via Siemens disks 73 and 72 by the drive shaft 21 of the machine 1 * Venn als Vaeser suction pump fk is used a normal © _s prefabricated pump into finer Vaesertiefe at which the intake pressure exceeds the permissible pressure "must of course

If the pressure of the inflowing seawater is sufficiently reduced by the pressure control valve JS "V ^ xui a specific pressure-resistant pump is used" and the flow pressure of the water suction pump 7 ^ becomes unnecessarily high, a pressure control valve 77 can advantageously be arranged on the pressure side of the V & eeer suction pump 7 ^ to the pressure of the sea water prior to introduction into the spray device 70 appropriately elnxustellen "Oa * supplied to the spraying device fO ·, under Druek standing seawater thereby flows through a cooler 78 atur mi" l ", mg of the atmosphere of the engine room X" Sin,

30 98 4 3/0505

-2t-

Part of the supplied sea water also flows through a lubricant cooler and a pure water cooler of the machine 1 as well as the exhaust gas compressor 9 and the theraostatic air container 36. The quantities of cooling water and combustion tanks separated in the water separator 6 and the rest of the sea water used to cool various devices are used collected in a Vaesertank 71 and discharged from the machine room 2 against the external pressure corresponding to the water depth via a water discharge pump 80 driven by pulleys 72 and 79 from the drive shaft 21 via a check valve 8t. The head part 92 containing a free water level of the water tank 71 is connected to the water separator 6 via a ventilation line 82. From the pressure side of the water drainage pump 80, sea water is fed back into the water tank 71 via a secondary line 83 leveled with a swivel valve 84, in order to keep the water level in it constant ab leading water volume, the capacity of the water drainage pump 80 must be about »greater than the sum of the capacity of the water suction pump 7k and the volume of the combustion water ·

While the system described above are made sur aspiration of Seevasser for diving devices and very different water depths suitable 1st "kSnnen the Slnsata in constant water conditions, particularly at low water depths considerable simplifications · In this example, dl · Druokregelventile to $ 7 V-AAA be omitted if the discharge pressure of The water suction pump 7 ^ corresponds to the predetermined pressure for the cooling system. When used in great depths of water, the water suction pump 7k can also be replaced by a water turbine, dl by dl pressure differences wipe at the orphan depth corresponding pressure and d «The predetermined pressure for the collision system is driven · Dab ·! The pressure regulating valve 76 and 77 are of course unnecessary for v «lt * ren

3098A3 / 0505

Simplification, the water turbine and the pressure control valve 77 can be omitted, the bridge dos Se “water only being set to the predetermined pressure value for the“ KUhI system ”through the pressure control valve 76 and the sea water through this in the various parts Cooling systems is distributed If, on the other hand, the water depth corresponds to the predetermined operating pressure of the cooling system, are of course neither the pressure control valves J6 waA 77 »® <sh the water suction pump« 7 ^ «? “Also requires a water turbine.

Since in the above-described version "for" voa outside, water introduced into the engine room 2 for direct cooling of the exhaust gas and various parts Xm Ma *

sehinenraua 2 is used and anaohliessend ± m G «? g« nsatse mt a closed circuit system is discharged again from atm sehinenraua 2 "can" he sulfuric acid uad der Sue * from the exhaust gas lead the Mthlwa "s © r sicrht varaarelni ^ en and SBU shields on the machine and its parts" so that the installation of a Cooler for & m circulated pure water is unnecessary. The esi & tmn are low * and the cooling water can be kept at a ¹ nl "worse" H Tmrnprnrfctur «vas the Xühlvi? 3mng improved« so the pressure of the Yftsser * led into the different parts of the cooling sy «toes ice» can be adjusted ₍ Normal prefabricated parts can be used for the cooling system as the parts of specially configured components, so that the construction of the cooling system is particularly unnecessary. Although the water is collected in a water tank after the various parts have been cooled, it can be discharged from this area Thus the water level in the water tank remains constant, before a filtering effect on the text mess is achieved and a veruarei »igaag des Aneseavassera is changed.

0984 3/050 5

Instead of the arrangement described above, however, a pure water circulation system can also be used for cooling. When using the power machine according to the invention driven by a submersible device, the water contained in a pure water tank 71 can pass through a filter 87 in the arrangement shown in FIG a hot water pump 86 driven by the drive shaft 21 via belt pulleys 85 and 72 can be fed to a pure water cooler 88, in which it is cooled by exchanging a warning with sea water, which is carried out by a sea water pump 90, which is also supplied by the drive shaft 21 via pulleys 89 and 72 The cooled pure water is then injected directly into the exhaust gas via a spray device 70 arranged in the exhaust gas cooler k Another part of the cooled pure water flows through various parts of the machine 1 for cooling and the exhaust gas compressor 9 etc. Setvastor used is direk t is discharged from the pure water cooler 88 to the outside again * Accordingly, the seawater puape 9 © wmü of the pure water cooler 88 must be designed to be pressure-resistant in order to withstand the water pressure corresponding to the permissible immersion depth * instead of the arrangement of the pure water cooler in the connecting line between the pure water pump 86 and the spray device 70, this can also be arranged directly in the pure water tank 71

Instead of this, the pure water cooler 88 can also be located outside the engine room 2 in the manner shown in FIG. 2 and can be cooled by natural convection with sea water. In this case, the sea water pump 90 can be dispensed with, which leads to enormous cost savings V "nn · di device is moved to the water surface or on land" may di · in Fig represented k · Ausfuhrungeform also warden used _(that the clean *

309843/050

water cooler 88 through the door Pure water through convection to be cooled with cold air, which can for example be guided by a blower 91.

By the cold injected by the spray device 70 Pure water, the exhaust gas is cooled to about room temperature and condensation of the gas contained in it the combustion of the water vapor produced is transferred via the exhaust gas line 5 to the water separator 6 in which the Relnwaeser separated together with combustion water and is discharged into the water tank 71 »

Since in this embodiment the pure water circulates in a closed circuit, “the additional water generated by the combustion must be drained away. For this purpose, the pure water tank 71 is provided with a head part 92 in the manner shown in FIG. 3 so that the water level changes only slightly even when the machine room 2 is inclined The excess water can be drained into the engine room 2 via a depositing device 93 or bilge pump 9h driven at intervals depending on the water level via a check valve 95 against the external pressure from the engine room 2.Instead of the venting devices 93 shown, the suction pipe of the bilge pump 9h can also be introduced directly into the water tank 71 8 Control by the bilge pump Xu erxielen.

In the embodiment described above, in which the water is cooled and circulated through various devices, the water is contaminated

309843/0505 -15-

Heinwassers through the sulfuric acid and the carbon » residues from the exhaust gas caused by the combustion the resulting water is diluted and the Devices working with sea water on the machine and their sharing by the SaIs contained in the seawater Avoid damage that occurs. In addition, this can Execution forsa also in muddy ¥ aeser and at the Air to be used «

309843/0505

Claims (1)

DiFL-CHEM. DR. HARALD STACH PAVENFANWALTY 2 HAMBURG 1 - ADENALtERALLEe 30 · TELEFON (0411) 244523 £ 3 Ί 8 ä Z ü New registration Hitachi Shipbuilding & Engineering Co., Ltd " t.) / Gasbstrieben · Kraftmasehin · with devices zub B ·· drieb- adlt «liier oxygen exhaust gas mecha- nism and devices for the recirculation of cooled exhaust gas to the intake side, counted by regulating devices for the circulating gas« with an exhaust gas compressor (9) for compression The part of the exhaust gas which exceeds the excess exhaust gas volume at maximum load of the machine (1) _t 1t) «tr Removal of the remaining compressed exhaust gas to the outside * as much Control devices for the oxygen supply elt an «oxygen setpoint generator (4i), elnesi actual oxygen distributor (39)», an oxygen control valve (14) and a <ntrch the switch off «setpoint generator (4i) and the actual oxygen value ketter (J9) when the control unit (kO) is affected, the control of the oxygen regulating valve (i%) is controlled. 2 ") engine according to spoke 1, dadsxrch g" ^ "mf f lehn et." that there is usually no cooling of the fuel volume supplied in the gate direction and the regulating devices for the oxygen supply theoretically required the measured value for the fuel volume supplied in an input / output range corresponding to that for complete combustion of the supplied fuel volume > «Use n acid volume» where · the initial value corresponds to the difference between the s «llw * rt d« s oxygen target value »b« rs 3098U / Q5Q5 ■ -. ■ "-.- ■» JE · and the actual value of the oxygen »Xstwertaessers (39) is corrected. 3 ·) engine according to claim 2, characterized in that *; akonni »elohnet,. the "the device asur measurement of the train · Lead th firing" material volume a tachometer (k3) _t a messge * advises (kh) for the position of the Förd * rrolue "n-actuator of the fuel pump (20) and a Multlplika · tionsreehner (h5 ) shows "which multiplies the measured values of the revolving tool (** 3) and the" measuring device (kk) "by a" value "equivalent to the fuel volume supplied * k.) Power machine according to claim 2, characterized by yel ^ enn «eiehnet . that the device "for measuring the suggested fuel Tolusia has a fuel" flow rate 5.) Xraft machine according to one of the speeches 1 to k _t g f ^ f HB f i ^ - ^^ f * * <** * ^d * ^r actual oxygen value Bieeeer (39) is arranged in a branch line (1 * 8, 51), which is one in a suction gas * * supply line (16 ) arranged nozzle bypasses. 6,) engine according to claim 5 "thereby ffefrenn." Ffrffiflfte ^ - that in the branch line (kB, 51) in the direction of flow or the "oxygen value" eer (39) a cooler (k9) and a water separator (50) are arranged » 7.) engine according to one of «one of claims 1 to 6, frekenn- » eichnat through an intake »preheater with pre-heating of the intake gas through Vämetausoh alt the exhaust» with an exhaust gas line (3) »a plurality of ribs (53 ) and a suction container surrounding it and serving as an air vessel at the same time -3- 3098 A3 / 0505 JIM 3 ") engine according to claim 7" gslcennze i cha · t by an exhaust gas overflow valve (56) "da" arranged on the exhaust manifold (3) near the outlet of the suction line Auggas preheating allows part of the exhaust gas to flow directly into the intake gas 9 *) engine according to one of claims 1 to 8, ^ e characterized by devices for blowing compressed air or inert gas with a high ratio of the specific heat, for example nitrogen, helium or argon, into the cycle gas during start-up engine according to claim 9, characterized by a container (58) for compressed air or the inert gas, a supply line connecting these with the Krelslaufgas system, a shut-off valve (57) arranged in this and a shut-off valve (57) arranged between this and the container ( 58) branching overflow line (6 * 0 to the circulating gas system) provided with a nozzle and a shut-off valve (63). 11.) engine according to claim 9 or 10. ^ characterized by a Krelslaufgas system compared to the mouth of the supply line (62) for the compressed air or the inert gas closer to the machine (t) arranged safety valve (61) for blowing off the cycle gas when blowing compressed air or inert gas. » 12.) combustion engine according to one of claims 9 to 11, characterized FFEI f ennf 14fffrflft 'that the circulation gas Syste "oxygen"> MisehbehUlter (13), an in StrÖmungsriohtung before this arranged shut-off valve (28), a ungsriehtung in StrJi- ■ in front of this arranged safety valve (65) and between the shut-off valve (28) and the Sauer et off mixing container (13) opening supply line (62) for compressed air or the inert gas. · *. 30 9 8 ^ 3/0505 13 *) engine according to one of claims 1 to 12 »dft * characterized by j ^ qken ^ . the "da" circular flow system has a branch line with a "check valve (67)" around the crankcase (68) of the machine and / or the exhaust gas compressor (9) and a check valve (66) arranged in front of this branch line from in the engine room (2) exited · »which is in the circulating gas * system, Xk,) engine according to claim 13t characterized ffakenn sBs fehne ^ > that the check valve (66) is designed for a higher opening pressure than the check valve 15 ·) engine according to one of claims 1 to Ik for Use in water, characterized by a water suction pump (7 ^) for introducing water to the cooling of devices arranged in the engine room (2), a water tank (71) for the amr cooling use * water, a water drainage pump (80) for drainage of water from the water tank (71) "ache against the Husseren water pressure, on" connecting the pressure side of the water drainage pump (80) to the water tank (71) and this depending on the water level in the water tank (71) opening or closing valve. 16 ·) engine according to one of claims 1 to 15 ***? Use In the predetermined cooling vat pressure above * increasing water depth, which means that help is needed the water supply system a pressure control valve (76) sur reduction of the water pressure to the cooling water pressure and on the pressure side of the water drainage pump (80) has a check valve (81) » 17 «) engine according to one of claims 1 to 16» characterized by a spray device (70) «to inject cold water directly into the exhaust pipe (5) 309843/050 5 for cooling and purifying the exhaust gas »one of these downstream water separators (^ for stubborn separation of the cooling water and the water formed during combustion from the« exhaust gas »a water tank (71) that collects the separated water» i * a head part (92) and an outlet device (93) arranged thereon to discharge the water generated by combustion from the water tank (71) and a cooler (78) arranged in a water supply line for cooling circulating cooling water. 3098A3 / 05Q5