DE2317948A1 - FLOW CONTROL VALVE - Google Patents

Description

PATENTANWAI.TSBÜRO TlEDTKE - BüHLING - KlNNE 2317948

TEL. (0811) 539853-56 TELEX: 524845 tipat CABLE ADDRESS: Germaniapatent Munich

8000 Munich 2 Bavariaring 4

P.O. Box 202403 ₁₀ . April 1973 B 5339 / case Q. 2 ^ 924

Imperial Chemical Industries, Limited London, Great Britain

Fluid control valve

The invention relates to a fluid control valve or fluid control valve.

The invention particularly relates to fluid control valves, in which an opening is closed or opened with the aid of an element that extends parallel to the opening containing surface moved. With such valves it is usually necessary to have the constituent parts designed with such tight dimensional tolerances as to prevent leakage passages and uneven use will.

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It was found that in the event of use

formation of a resilient sealing element, e.g. an O-ring between the surface containing the opening and the movable element and the possibility of movement of the movable element at right angles to the surface containing the opening * the aforementioned disadvantage can be overcome and surprisingly little Wear for the resilient element results in use.

According to the invention, a fluid control valve is proposed, which has a housing with inlet and outlet openings for a fluid, further an element which is parallel to an inner surface of the housing containing an opening is movable and can expose or cover this opening and that at least one small movement on the order of 0.5-2 mm at right angles to the opening containing plane can perform, wherein a resilient element between the movable element and the the surface containing the opening is arranged.

The working fluid to be controlled by the valve can be a liquid or a gas; the only limitation is that the working fluid must not severely dissolve, swell, or corrode the materials from which it is made the valve passes under the conditions under which the valve is operated. Preferably the working fluid is Water, with valves according to the invention as faucets for domestic use, as valves for water tanks and the like

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can find the same application. In the explanation below the fluid is assumed to be water, but this does not exclude other fluids or fluids should.

Materials of construction of a fluid control valve according to the invention can, for example, be steel, brass and the like be, but are preferred thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon, polyacetal, Polymethyl methacrylate, etc. Such materials are generally cheaper, lighter, have better insulating properties and can be more easily molded by molding however, such materials are not widely used as metals for fluid control valves such as Domestic faucets, have been used as they are compared with the metals that are normally used for making valves are used, lower strength, rigidity, dimensional stability and have wear properties. However, valves according to the invention do not require great strength, rigidity, tight dimensional tolerances or great wear resistance for their components. Thermoplastic materials, as listed above are very suitable as materials of construction for valves according to the invention.

The opening covered by the movable element or to be exposed, can either on the inlet side (upstream) or on the outlet side (downstream) of the movable element. In the absence of opposing

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In the former case, the pressure drop across the valve tries to push the movable element away from the opening if the forces are applied, whereby leakage losses arise, while in the latter case the movable element firmly against the resilient one Seal is pressed, resulting in stiff operation and increased wear. Counterforces can be used in in both cases by hydrostatic compensation, by mechanical devices such as springs or by a combination of these Measures are provided, these forces acting in the same direction or in the opposite direction. In the event, however, that the opening is on the inlet side or upstream side of the movable element would normally strong springs may be required to seal the movable element against the resiliently resilient seal with sufficient Force to overcome the pressure drop across the valve acting on the area exposed by the sealing element is enclosed in order to prevent leakage. It would therefore be preferred to a considerable extent that the opening is located on the outlet side or downstream side of the movable element, this being the configuration which are described in all subsequent embodiments will.

Preferably, the movable element consists of a wing which protrudes radially from a rotating shaft, the extends with the interposition of a watertight seal through the wall of the housing and with the aid of a Handle or other actuating device rotatable

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mm C. -

is. The wing can at least have some movement compared to that Carry out housing in the direction of the axis of the shaft, either by moving the entire unit from the wing and Shaft or by a movement of the vane in relation to the shaft, e.g. by placing the vane on the Shaft sits. The amount of movement possible can be set to about half the thickness of the resilient sealing element, but is normally not more than 2 mm. The wing can be a solid body, the opening being covered by the leading edge of the wing or is exposed, or the wing may have a channel that moves into and out of alignment with the opening in the housing will.

The resilient sealing element or the resilient seal is preferably an O-ring made of an elastomer Material, e.g. natural or synthetic rubber. Where a hot water tap is used, "it would be advantageous to use a heat-resistant elastomer, e.g. EPDM rubber.

The resilient seal is preferably located in an annular groove surrounding the opening and partially stands over the surface in which the opening is located. Where the wing contains a channel or passage, the resilient seal can lie in a groove in the wing that defines the Surrounding opening of the passage, or in a groove of the housing which surrounds the housing opening. Where the leading edge of the

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If the wing covers or exposes the housing opening, the resilient seal is located in a housing opening surrounding the housing Groove. The groove may have a tapered cross-section so that it holds the sealing element in place.

• -

In a preferred embodiment, e.g. a domestic faucet is usable, the wing is provided with a passage that is in and out of alignment with an opening in the housing is moved and which is surrounded by an annular groove containing a rubber O-ring. The wing is integral with the shaft and this unit can perform some axial movement. The shaft extends through the Wall of the housing on the upstream side of the wing and there is a watertight seal around the shaft, e.g. a resilient O-ring with the end of the shaft inside the housing loosely in a recess fits so that the water pressure within the housing can act on the end of the shaft.

If the valve is closed and the fixed or rigid part of the wing covers the housing opening, it takes effect the inlet water pressure on the upstream surface of the wing and the shaft excluding the area of the shaft, where it exits the housing through the Q-ring seal, as well as on the downstream face of the blade with the shaft except the area of the O-ring surrounding the opening. Are these the same in both areas and the outlet pressure is the same as it acts on the end of the shaft outside the housing,

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_ 7 -

i.e. if both are at atmospheric pressure, the wing and the shaft are completely hydrostatically balanced, in the absence of other forces, the wing will not be pressed against the O-ring. However, this is the area of the opening surrounding O-ring is larger than that of the shaft seal, this results in a partial hydrostatic compensation any residual hydrostatic force acting against the wing pushes the O-ring.

When the valve is opened, the force on the downstream side of the wing remains unchanged and the force acting on the upstream side is reduced by an amount equal to that of the area of the sealing ring that is exposed. The result is a residual force which pushes the vane away from the O-ring, reducing the friction and wear of the vane and the O-ring for at least a portion of the angular rotation necessary to operate the valve is reduced.

Although it is preferred that wing and shaft

are rigidly connected to each other or consist of one piece, this is not necessary. So the wing can hit the shaft be keyed so that it can move axially with respect to the shaft. Since any hydrostatic pressure on the If the end of the shaft is then not transmitted to the wing, only a limited amount of hydrostatic compensation can be achieved can be obtained.

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For most applications it is preferred to have partial hydrostatic balance and hydrostatic To obtain residual force that presses the wing against the O-ring as described above. Is that the case, so any fluctuations in the pressure of the supplied fluid cause fluctuations in the force required to open and Closing the valve is required. If this is undesirable in some applications, it is preferred to bring about complete hydrostatic compensation in the wing and shaft and a resilient device to use, e.g. a spring or a resilient foam material, to hold the wing against it with a constant force to press the O-ring. Alternatively, a combination of partial hydrostatic compensation and resilient compliance can be used Facility to be applied.

Fluid control valves according to the invention sometimes only need a very small rotary movement of the control shaft between fully closed and fully open position; they can therefore be particularly suitable as fluid level control valves, operated by the position of a float at the end of a lever connected to the control shaft. Ball valve container valves tend to leak losses due to wear on the seals; a valve according to the invention, in particular one with full hydrostatic compensation would have a positive effect with a small swimmer movement, would have little friction and accordingly little wear and tear and could therefore be more reliable in use than before

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usual valves. It may be desirable to have the shape of the to vary the opening in the sash in order to obtain a sharper barrier for this application.

Another type of valve that requires a small control movement between the open position and the closed position and a lower actuation force are solenoid-operated valves; fluid control valves according to the invention can also be used for this type of application, especially if they are fully hydrostatically balanced.

It is not an essential feature for valves according to the invention that they have a small control movement between the open position and the closed position; if necessary, the magnitude of the rotation of the vane can be chosen so that a more gradual changeover and finer control of the fluid passage is obtained.

The invention is illustrated in the following with the aid of a schematic Drawings explained in more detail.

Pig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a partial

hydrostatically balanced or balanced valve according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the wing and wave;

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Pig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line AA ¹ in FIG. 1;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B 'in Fig. 1; ·

Fig. 5 (a) is a side view of a domestic faucet from a valve of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 (b) is a plan view taken in the direction of the arrow in Fig. 5 (a) j

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the faucet of Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a sectional plan view of a full hydrostatically balanced valve, such as can be used as a tank valve;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along line C-C in Fig. 7.

In the embodiment according to Figures 1 to U has a cylindrical housing 11 made of polyacetal a circular End cover 12, which is held in place by means of screws 13, with a watertight seal being provided is formed by an O-ring 14 made of rubber or rubber is.

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The housing 11 is provided with a threaded inlet port 15 and outlet port 16, the inlet port 15 communicates with a sector-shaped chamber 18 via a passage 17, while the outlet opening 16 is connected to the chamber 18, namely via a right-angled passage 19 and an opening 20, which is made of a nitrile rubber O-ring 21 is surrounded. A rotatable element 22, which is also made of polyacstal, consists of a cylindrical Shaft 23, which extends through cover 12 and is sealed by a rubber O-ring 24, a cylindrical one Section of larger diameter, which is located inside the housing 11 and with a radially extending sector-shaped flat wing 25 is provided, which is located in the sector-shaped chamber 18, wherein a pin bearing 26 is also provided which protrudes loosely into a seat 27. The wing 25 is provided with a channel 28 which is parallel to the axis of the shaft 23 and connects its upstream surface 29 to its downstream surface 30.

In use, the inlet port 15 is connected to a source of water connected and the shaft 23 is rotated with the aid of a suitable handle to the channel 28 out of alignment with the opening 20, the wing 25 then being in the position shown in FIG. 3 in solid lines is located. Water can then enter the seat 27 and via the channel 28 to the downstream side 30 of the wing; since the Distance y is greater than the distance χ in Fig. 1, there is a residual force due to the acting hydrostatic pressure,

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the the downstream side of the wing 25 in contact with pushes the O-ring 21 so that the opening 20 is sealed and the valve is closed.

If the shaft is rotated so that the wing is the dashed position shown in Fig. 3 and the position according to Fig. 1 assumes the channel 28 is in alignment with the opening 20 so that the valve is open. When opening The residual hydrostatic force on the downstream side of the wing and the shaft overcomes that on the upstream located side, wherein the wing lifts off the O-ring 21, whereby further turning of the wing easier will. Further lifting of the wing is prevented by the shoulder which abuts the cover 12.

A valve according to FIGS. 1 to 4 was produced and 5 x 10 open-close cycles were used of cold water, hot water (at 95 C using an O-ring made of a heat-resistant elastomer), and debris Used up to a diameter of 1 mm as a working medium using a nitrile rubber O-ring. It no serious wear was observed and the valve performed exactly as it did after this series of cycles in the beginning did. The cold water tests were carried out at water pressures

2
from 3.52 to 21.1 kg / cm.

Figures 5 and 6 show how a valve this

Kind in a housing suitable for use as a

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Domestic faucet can be used. Fig. 5 shows in side view and in plan view the tap with a spherical or bulbous housing 35, a handle 36 and an outlet spout 37. FIG. 6 shows in a section like the Shaft 38 and wing 39 housed within the housing are.

If an O-ring within a tap or a valve according to FIGS. 1 to 4 or 5, 6 wears out, it can be removed in a simple manner after removing the cover 12 in FIG. 1 or the handle 36 in FIG The shaft and vanes can be replaced by inserting a new O-ring into the associated groove and reassembling the valve.

In the container valve according to the figures 7 and 8, the basic structure is the same as the embodiment that according to FIGS 1 to 4. A housing 41 includes an integral unit of wings and shaft 42, the wing 43 has a channel 44 which in and out of alignment can be brought to an opening 45 in the housing by rotating the shaft 46 . The shaft 46 is connected by means of a rod 47 to a hollow spherical float 48 so that, then, "when the float rises to an angle of 90 ° to the plane of Fig. 7, which openings are out of alignment with each other and the valve is closed while the valve is opened when the float falls.

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The inlet port 49 is provided with internal threads and is screwed into a straight connection _s tüdk 50 extending "through the wall of the container 51st on the connecting piece 50 a nut 52 is screwed, which keeps the valve on the container wall, while a mother 53 couples the connection piece 50 to the water supply line 54. A downwardly pointing tube 55 is screwed into the outlet opening 45 and has a 90 ° elbow.

The distances ρ and q are equal to each other, so that the valve is fully hydrostatically balanced, with one small constant force exerted by a coil spring 56 which presses the wing 43 against the Q-ring 57. According to Fig. 8, the opening 44 in the wing 43 is in such a way designed so that a sharp shut-off is obtained when the opening 44 is rotated out of alignment with the outlet opening 45 will.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown schematically in FIGS. ^{FIG. 1} shows a valve in vertical section and FIG. 10 shows a sectional view of this valve along the line AA 1 in FIG.

Figures 9 and 10 show a valve embodiment, in which the inner surface 70 of the housing 71 and the surface 72 of the opening closure member 73 are cylindrical. The closure body 72 forms an extension of a cylindrical

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Thrischen part 74 »which is located in a sleeve 75 and on a rotating device 76 is connected. The sleeve is inside of the housing is supported by pins 77 and 78. A small movement of the closure body along the axis the outlet opening is made possible by a groove 79 provided on pin 78 which is of sufficient length to allow it some rolling and sliding of the associated. O-ring can take place. In valves according to the invention, any other device can be used that allows such a movement guaranteed in compliance with the seal; for example, an O-ring may be provided from a chamfer at the inner end of the hole 80 which is held in place, e.g. with the help of the pressure of a sleeve.

It is preferred that the sealing means (usually O-rings) 81 and 82 have approximately the same area deliver.

A modification of the valve of Fig. 9 is in Pig. 11 shown; this has one through two pins 83 and 84 held sleeve so that a device is obtained which make the forces acting on the surface 72 rectified.

In the embodiment according to FIGS. 9 and 10 the housing need not necessarily be cylindrical, as shown, but can have any other shape that Appropriate movement of the closure body is permitted. So shows the

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11 shows a design in which the housing has a square cross-section.

A third embodiment of a hydrostatically balanced or partially balanced valve is shown schematically in FIG. 12, in which a cylindrical element 90 with a segment-shaped extension (similar to that in FIG. 9) forming the valve closure body 91 is supported within an O-ring 95, which is arranged in the housing at such an angle that the surface of the cylinder 90 and its extension 91 ' which are exposed to the water that wants to push the closure body away from the opening 72 exceeds the surface 90 and 91 which is presented to the water, that wants to push the closure body in the direction of the opening 93, this area being exceeded by an amount equal to that which is enclosed by the O-ring 9 ^. For full hydrostatic compensation - for partial compensation, the difference between the areas is smaller. This device retains the hydrostatic compensation concept of the invention and allows little, if any, movement of the closure device along the axis of the outlet opening.

The invention has been described on the basis of embodiments in which the pressure on the closure surface is at atmospheric pressure when the valve is closed, as is the case with the balancing shaft. Where the pressure is on the sealing surface is different from atmospheric pressure

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i.e. in water pipe systems where the pressure is greater than atmospheric pressure the pressure on the compensating shaft can be varied accordingly.

The shape of the openings and / or the closure body can be varied to obtain the desired locking characteristic, i.e. preventing sudden locking; such a sudden shut-off can result in a "water hammer" so that the outlet opening can be designed, for example, that the final blocking of the water flow is more gradual.

In a further embodiment one essentially in the Pig. Il corresponding valve can do this by means of a displaceable closure body within a sleeve be actuated, wherein the closure body is displaced in the direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve, around the inlet opening or to open or close the outlet port of the valve. In such a case, the sleeve and the sliding Closure body should not be circular in cross-section, but rather can be of any suitable shape.

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Supplement to the figure description:

9 and 10 show a further 'embodiment of a valve according to the invention in a longitudinal section or * in a longitudinal cross section the line A-A in Figure 9;

Fig. 11 shows in a longitudinal section and a cross section along the line C-C, a further embodiment of the valve according to the invention; and

Fig. 12 shows another embodiment of a valve according to the invention in longitudinal section.

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Claims (4)

Patent claims: . '. Fluid control valve characterized by a housing (11) having an inlet port and a Outlet opening (15; 16) for a liquid, an element (22) parallel to one containing an opening (20) Inner surface of the housing is movable to cover or expose this opening, this element at least one can perform small movement in the direction of the axis of this opening and with a resilient sealing element (21) is provided, which is arranged between the movable member and the surface containing the opening is. 2. Pluid control valve, characterized by a housing with an inlet opening and an outlet opening for a liquid, a closure body which is parallel to a one Opening containing inner surface of the housing is movable to cover or expose this opening, said opening Body is wholly or partially hydrostatically balanced. 3. Valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that the closure body (22) can open or close the outlet opening (16). 4. Valve according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the closure body (22) has a wing (25), which is determined by a Rotating device (23) protrudes. 309844/0841 5 · Valve according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the working surfaces of the closure body (7 * 0 and the opening are part of coaxial form cylindrical surfaces. 3098Λ4 / 084 1 Blank page