DE2308465A1 - VAKUUMGLUEHOFEN - Google Patents
VAKUUMGLUEHOFENInfo
- Publication number
- DE2308465A1 DE2308465A1 DE19732308465 DE2308465A DE2308465A1 DE 2308465 A1 DE2308465 A1 DE 2308465A1 DE 19732308465 DE19732308465 DE 19732308465 DE 2308465 A DE2308465 A DE 2308465A DE 2308465 A1 DE2308465 A1 DE 2308465A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- groups
- heating
- heating elements
- vacuum
- furnace according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D11/00—Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces
- F27D11/02—Ohmic resistance heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B2005/062—Cooling elements
- F27B2005/064—Cooling elements disposed in the furnace, around the chamber, e.g. coils
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B5/14—Arrangements of heating devices
- F27B2005/143—Heating rods disposed in the chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
- F27B2005/161—Gas inflow or outflow
- F27B2005/162—Gas inflow or outflow through closable or non-closable openings of the chamber walls
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
- F27B5/06—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
- F27B2005/166—Means to circulate the atmosphere
- F27B2005/167—Means to circulate the atmosphere the atmosphere being recirculated through the treatment chamber by a turbine
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Induction Heating (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Description
DR.-ING. VON KREISLER DR.-ING. SCHÖNWALD DR.-!NG. TH. MEYER DR. FUES DIPL.-CHEM. ALEK VON KREISLER DIPL.-CHEM. CAROLA KELLER DR.-ING. KLÖPSCH DIPL.-ING. SELTINGDR.-ING. BY KREISLER DR.-ING. SCHÖNWALD DR .-! NG. TH. MEYER DR. FUES DIPL.-CHEM. ALEK VON KREISLER DIPL.-CHEM. CAROLA KELLER DR.-ING. KLÖPSCH DIPL.-ING. SELTING
Köln, den 19. Febr.l97":> Ke/AxCologne, February 19, 1997 ":> Ke / Ax
UGINE INFRA, UGINE INFRA ,
20 bis RuelaBoetie, Paris (Frankreich). 20 to RuelaBoetie, Paris (France).
Die Erfindung betrifft Verbesserungen von Vakuumglühöfen, die speziell für die Behandlung von ringförmigen Chargen eingerichtet sind.The invention relates to improvements in vacuum annealing furnaces specifically for the treatment of annular Batches are set up.
Die üblichen Vakuumglühöfen sind mit elektrischen Heizelementen versehen, die um den Umfang des Ofens angeordnet sind. Im Falle von ringförmigen Chargen mit ziemlich großem Durchmesser ist die Erhitzungszeit sehr lang, da das Fehlen jeglicher Atmosphäre ungünstig für das Eindringen der Wärme bis zur Mitte der Charge ist. Daher ist der Betrieb solcher Öfen für ringförmige Chargen kostspielig. Der Ofen gemäß der Erfindung ermöglicht die Ausschaltung dieses Nachteils.The usual vacuum annealing furnaces are provided with electrical heating elements which are arranged around the periphery of the furnace are. In the case of quite large diameter ring-shaped batches, the heating time is long long, as the absence of any atmosphere is unfavorable for the heat to penetrate up to the middle of the batch. As a result, such toroidal batch furnaces are costly to operate. The furnace according to the invention enables eliminating this disadvantage.
Der Vakuumglühofen gemäß der Erfindung, der einen luftdichten Außer-mantel, Vorrichtungen zum Anlegen von Vakuum an den Außenmantel, gegebenenfalls Vorrichtungen zur Einführung und Umwälzung sines Gases im Außenmantel, elektrische Heizvorrichtungen, Regelvorrichtungen, Vorrichtungen zur Messung der Temperatur an verschiedenen Stellen und Wärmeisolierungen aufweist, ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Heizvorrichtungen aus zwei Gruppen von elektrisch leitenden Elementen bestehen, die jeweilsThe vacuum annealing furnace according to the invention, which has an airtight outer jacket, devices for applying Vacuum on the outer jacket, if necessary devices for introducing and circulating its gas in the outer jacket, electric heating devices, regulating devices, devices for measuring the temperature of various Having places and thermal insulation is characterized in that the heating devices consist of two groups consist of electrically conductive elements, each
309835/0970309835/0970
an den Mantelflächen von zwei koaxial zum Ofen angeordneten Zylindern angeordnet 3ind und zwischen sich den Raum für die ringförmige Charge lassen, und daß jede dieser Gruppen von Heizvorrichtungen mit einer unabhängigen Stromzuführung versehen ist.on the outer surfaces of two arranged coaxially to the furnace Cylinders arranged 3ind and leave between them the space for the annular charge, and that each these groups of heating devices are provided with an independent power supply.
In dieser Weise ist es möglich, in jedem Augenblick die gesamte Heizkraft auf die beiden Gruppen so aufzuteilen, daß die an der Innenseite und an der Außenseite der ringförmigen Charge gemessenen Temperaturen im wesentlichen gleich sind.In this way it is possible at every moment to die Divide the total heating power between the two groups so that those on the inside and on the outside of the ring-shaped Batch measured temperatures are essentially the same.
Diese Vorrichtung und diese Konstruktionsweise ermöglichen einmal die Einsparung von Heizenergie und die Verkürzung der Erhitzungszeit. Beispielsweise wurden 1OOO kg Stahldraht in Rollen in einem Ofen erhitzt, der nicht mit einem zentralen Widerstand versehen war. Es waren 6 Stunden erforderlich, bis alle Stellen des Einsatzes auf 950 C gebracht waren. In einem Ofen gemäß der Erfindung mit gleicher Leistung konnte diese Zeit auf 2,5 Stunden verkürzt werden.This device and this construction once allow the saving of heating energy and the Shortening the heating time. For example, 1,000 kg of steel wire in rolls were heated in an oven which was not provided with a central resistance. It took 6 hours for all bodies to be deployed were brought to 950 C. In a furnace according to the invention with the same performance, this time could 2.5 hours can be shortened.
Zum anderen ermöglicht die Aufrechterhaltung eines Temperaturgleichgewichts zwischen der Mitte und dem Umfang der Charge das Erhitzen von komplizierten Werkstücken, bei denen jegliche Formänderung vermieden wird.On the other hand, it enables a temperature equilibrium to be maintained between the center and the periphery of the batch, the heating of complex workpieces, in which any change in shape is avoided.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend in Verbindung mit den Abbildungen, die als Beispiel eine Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Ofens darstellen, näher erläutert.The invention is described below in connection with the drawings which show, by way of example, an embodiment of the represent furnace according to the invention, explained in more detail.
Fig.1 zeigt als axialen Schnitt einen Widerstandsofen gemäß der Erfindung.1 shows a resistance furnace as an axial section according to the invention.
Pig.2 zeigt als horizontalen Querschnitt längs der Linie a-a von Fig.1 den in Fig.1 dargestellten Widerstandsofen.Pig.2 shows as a horizontal cross-section along the line a-a of Figure 1 shows the resistance furnace shown in Figure 1.
Der Ofen ist mit einem luftdichten Außenmantel 1 versehen, der durch den Anschlußstutzen 12 mit der nicht darge-309835/0970 The furnace is provided with an airtight outer jacket 1 which, through the connection piece 12, is connected to the 309835/0970
stellten Vakuumpumpe verbunden ist. Der Heizraum ist durch eine wärmeisolierende Zwischenwand 3 (Metallschirm, Aluminiumoxydwolle, Graphitfiiz) begrenzt, in dem die ringförmige Charge 5 auf Stützen 7 gelegt wird, die auf den Boden des Außenmantels aufgesetzt sind. Eine von einem Motor 13 angetriebene Turbine 9 dient nach Beendigung der Glühphase und nach dem Öffnen des beweglichen Deckels 10 dazu, ein Wärmeaustauschgas nacheinander über die Charge und über die Kühlschlange 2, die zwischen der Wand des Außenmantels 1 und der wärmeisolierenden Zwischenwand 3 angeordnet ist, umzuwälzen»put vacuum pump connected. The boiler room is bounded by a heat-insulating partition 3 (metal screen, aluminum oxide wool, Graphitfiiz) in which the annular charge 5 is placed on supports 7 which are placed on the bottom of the outer shell. One of a motor 13 driven turbine 9 is used after completion the glow phase and after opening the movable cover 10, a heat exchange gas successively over the charge and via the cooling coil 2, which is between the wall of the outer jacket 1 and the heat-insulating intermediate wall 3 is arranged to circulate »
Die äußere Reihe von Widerständen besteht aus drei Gruppen von senkrechten Graphitstäben 4 mit Stromzuführungen 8. Diese drei Gruppen sind oben so miteinander verbunden, daß je nach Lage des Falles eine Sternschaltung oder eine Dreieckschaltung gebildet wird. Die innere Reihe von Widerständen besteht aus einer Gruppe von senkrechten Graphitstäben 6 mit Stromzuführung 11. Nicht dargestellte Thermoelemente sind vorgesehen und werden mit der Charge in ihrer Mitte und an ihrem Umfang in Kontakt gebracht. Sie sind mit der Regelvorrichtung verbunden, die die Stromleistung auf die beiden Reihen von Widerständen so aufteilt, daß das Temperaturgleichgewicht aufrecht erhalten wird.The outer row of resistors consists of three groups of vertical graphite rods 4 with power leads 8. These three groups are connected at the top so that, depending on the situation, a star connection or a Delta connection is formed. The inner row of resistors consists of a group of perpendicular ones Graphite rods 6 with power supply 11. Thermocouples, not shown, are provided and are with the batch brought into contact in their midst and on their perimeter. They are connected to the control device that the Distribute power to the two rows of resistors so that the temperature equilibrium is maintained will.
Die Öfen gemäß der Erfindung können auch durch Induktion beheizt werden. In diesem Fall ist im Mittelpunkt des Ofens eine Induktionsspule angeordnet, die von einer Sekundärwindung in Form eines Zylinders umgeben ist, der von der Induktionsspule beispielsweise durch einen Schirm aus Mineralwolle oder Graphitfilz wärmeisoliert ist. Um die Charge ist eine weitere Sekundärwindung (suscepteur) in Form eines Zylinders angeordnet, der von seiner Induktionsspule mit zwischenliegender Wärmeisolierung umgeben ist. Die gesamte Anordnung liegt im Innern der wärmeisolierenden Trennwand, die der Bezugsziffer J5 in Fig. 1 und Fig. 2 entspring 3S/0970 The ovens according to the invention can also be heated by induction. In this case, an induction coil is arranged in the center of the furnace, which is surrounded by a secondary winding in the form of a cylinder, which is thermally insulated from the induction coil, for example by a screen made of mineral wool or graphite felt. A further secondary winding (suscepteur) in the form of a cylinder is arranged around the charge, which is surrounded by its induction coil with thermal insulation in between. The entire arrangement lies in the interior of the heat-insulating partition wall, which originates from the reference number J5 in FIGS. 1 and 2 3S / 0970
Claims (4)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7206040A FR2173406A5 (en) | 1972-02-23 | 1972-02-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2308465A1 true DE2308465A1 (en) | 1973-08-30 |
Family
ID=9093967
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19732308465 Pending DE2308465A1 (en) | 1972-02-23 | 1973-02-21 | VAKUUMGLUEHOFEN |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE795779A (en) |
CH (1) | CH561497A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE2308465A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2173406A5 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1415937A (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3910234C1 (en) * | 1989-03-30 | 1990-04-12 | Degussa Ag, 6000 Frankfurt, De | |
CN102534168A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-07-04 | 华侨大学 | Heating method and heating device for preparing brazing diamond fretsaw |
-
0
- BE BE795779D patent/BE795779A/en unknown
-
1972
- 1972-02-23 FR FR7206040A patent/FR2173406A5/fr not_active Expired
-
1973
- 1973-02-21 CH CH248573A patent/CH561497A5/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1973-02-21 DE DE19732308465 patent/DE2308465A1/en active Pending
- 1973-02-22 GB GB868973A patent/GB1415937A/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH561497A5 (en) | 1975-04-30 |
FR2173406A5 (en) | 1973-10-05 |
BE795779A (en) | 1973-08-22 |
GB1415937A (en) | 1975-12-03 |
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