DE2305682B2 - TIME-KEEPING DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR QUARTZ WATCH WITH ELECTRONICALLY CONTROLLED DISPLAY SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The display system (4) is driven by an electronically controlled drive device (5, 6, 9). The drive device comprises an unbalance system (5) which is controlled by an electronic switching device (9) and, via a gear (6) drives the display system constructed as a pointer mechanism. The unbalance system (5) can oscillate at a first or at a second frequency. Also present are a quartz oscillator (1) and an electric frequency divider (2). The output of the frequency divider is connected to one input of a bistable flip-flop (3). With each zero passage, the unbalance system generates a voltage pulse which is fed via a pulse-shaping stage (5a) to a further frequency divider (8). The output of the further frequency divider is connected to the other input of the bistable flip-flop. The two said frequency dividers are constructed such that the pulse frequency of the pulse trains fed to the two inputs of the bistable flip-flop deviate only slightly from one another. The electronic switching device (9) is controlled by the pulses occurring at the output of the flip-flop, whose width depends on the phase relationship between the said pulse trains, and the unbalance system is influenced to oscillate either at the first or at the second frequency. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a time-echoing device, as can be seen from the preamble of claim 1 is.

ι -) Watches of this type that have a quartz oscillator in Connection with a frequency divider and one controlled directly by the output pulses of the frequency divider Electromechanical display system included are known.

Particular disadvantages of known quartz watch systems, in particular quartz wristwatches, are that the mechanical display system of such clocks to achieve a high level of security is a relative requires high power consumption, which is only

2 ■) can be used if a greater sensitivity to the noise is allowed. Furthermore, in known systems that use directly controlled stepper motors, directly synchronized vibration systems and motors work, an arrangement necessary that

«Ι possible within a single switching period Has to undo errors, In such systems, the shock sensitivity, ζ. Β. at sportier Actuation, lead to a permanent deviation.

ij In order to largely eliminate these disadvantages, complex special constructions had to be provided for the display and indexing system; z. B. Vibration systems with high energy content, d. H. with large amplitude and high frequency.

mi These fundamental difficulties arise how Experiments and practical results on practical quartz watches, especially on wristwatches, have shown with all previously used electromechanical drive types for display systems, be it vocal

4) fork, leaf spring, balance wheel systems; Synchronous motors, synchronized motors, directly synchronized vibration systems, stepper motors or electromechanical Stepper mechanisms. Attempts have therefore been made to use locking devices in stepper mechanisms to be installed in order to prevent further switching due to malfunctions. These devices are also prone to failure, if an external mechanical interference pulse occurs during the switching process.

Through shaking movements and twisting jolts, as they are with rapid hand movements, during sporting activity, can occur in the vehicle, you get with clocks with balance oscillation systems with a Frequency of 2.5 Hz Errors, which are mainly caused by bouncing, according to a stand-

bo difference of several seconds within a period of one minute. That's why a Low-frequency balance wheel of the usual frequency for wristwatches is not directly with the necessary security synchronize.

b5 In other known systems, actuating or Stopping devices used, the additional elckiromechanische Converter and /..T. a lelaiiv cover

The invention is based on the object of providing a time-keeping device, in particular a quartz wristwatch, a crystal oscillator with electronic frequency dividers and an electronically controlled one mechanical time-keeping system with a display system, to create, in the case of storage the difference in level of the display system compared to the target level, which is the result of unavoidable mechanical Interferences occur, a control deviation is determined, which is used to regulate the speed of the display system serves. As a result, the display system is within a selectable time, which is determined by the control speed is determined, brought to the target state. The definition of the control range or the permissible The level deviation from the target level is determined by a frequency divider that determines the time-keeping System or motor-derived ImDulse feeds the input of the memory (for the level difference).

The invention uses the quartz system, which is largely insensitive to interference, and the electronic control in a mechanically unchanged electronically controlled display system, preferably in a large one Series-produced conventional, electronically controlled balance wrist watch built in.

An advantage of the invention is that by using existing simple time-keeping Devices with an additional electronic quartz control unit are a high-precision utility quartz watch can be created.

Another advantage over a known solution is that the setting of the clock to everyone Point in time can be done in a simple manner that the display system (e.g. a conventional electronically controlled balance-wristwatch movement) is stopped mechanically and simultaneously with the help a switch db both electronic frequency dividers (2) and (8) are reset to the "zero" state (»Reset«).

When the quartz wristwatch is started at the selected time, the display system is put into operation, the switch for resetting the frequency divider is actuated at the same time.

This object is achieved by the invention specified in claim I. Appropriate configurations the invention can be found in the subclaims.

A particularly favorable embodiment of the invention to achieve an economical solution - due to the usability of components that have been mass-produced for a long time - results from the in The embodiment shown in the drawings.

It shows

1 shows the block diagram of a quartz wrist watch with an electronically controlled display system,

F i g. 2 the temporal course of the voltages at the inputs and at the output of the bistable multivibrator as well as the balance frequency in,

F i g. 3 Example of a control and drive circuit for a balance oscillation system with electronic Switching element for switching the balance frequency.

The crystal oscillator 1 controls the frequency divider 2. The output of the frequency divider 2 is connected to the input £ 1 connected to the unstable flip-flop 3. The display system 4 (for example a conventional electronically controlled unnihwerk of a wristwatch) consists of the electronically controlled balance system 5 that controls the display via the gearbox 6 iZeiserwerk) 7 drives.

A single battery cell, not shown, supplies all elements 1 to 9 shown in FIG electronically controlled balance system 5 controls a further electronic frequency divider 8, whose

■) Output with the input £ "2 of the bistable multivibrator 3 connected is.

The output A of the bistable flip-flop 3 controls the electronic switching element 9, which engages in the electronically controlled balance system 5.

in the mode of operation of the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, with the help of FIG. 2 explains:

The crystal oscillator 1 has the frequency / y = 2 ^m Hz (for example m = 15; / " ₀ = 32.768 kHz). The frequency divider 2 controlled with this frequency has the division ratio

π 2 ": 1 (e.g. n = 21). The output pulses are fed to the input E 1 of the bistable multivibrator 3.

The electronically controlled balance system 5, which together with the gear 6 and the display unit 7 a conventional electronically controlled balance system

2 (i star represents a wristwatch, has a mechanical frequency

fiiM = 4 Hz ± AfuM.

At every zero crossing of the mechanical balance-2) stems, which is preferably a permanent magnet dynamic converter (compared to German patent application P 20 09 612.2-31), a voltage pulse is generated induced. The electrical pulse repetition frequency is

f "= 8Hz ± 2Af" M.

Here is

2 U UM ⁼ JUi ~ .1 U2i

About a pulse shaper 5a these

4i) pulses are fed to the frequency divider 8, which has a division ratio of Ji: 1. The output pulses of this frequency divider 8, which have the pulse repetition frequency fu ■ 2 ″ ι , control the input E2 of the bistable multivibrator 3. The division ratios of frequency dividers 2 and 8

4 "are selected so that the frequencies / ei and fa applied to the two inputs E and E2 of the bistable multivibrator 3 are the same apart from the selected positive and negative frequency deviations. The following relationships apply:

/ ei ⁼ / q '2 = 2'"" Hz,

/ ι / ι = / β · 2 ^{ · - "'+ IA ₁ ; l / t ,,> 0,

/ i / 2 = / g-2 "-"'+ l / _w ; .l / _ü2 <0,

m - η = ρ - q.

(Example: m = 15; fi = 21; ρ = 3; q = 9.)

The mechanical frequency of the electronically controlled balance system is switched by a switching element 9, which is controlled by output A of the bistable multivibrator 3. The frequency change takes place in that a resistor 10 is connected to a transistor 11 acting as an electronic switch

is switched in parallel to the capacitance 12. This has the effect that in the triple magnet system used here by shifting the negative current-voltage characteristic that occurs at the terminals of the coil, then a phase-shifted additional drive pulse is given to the coil 14 when the transistor 11 is switched through. In this example, the additional drive pulse resulted in an increase in frequency (corresponding to a gear change of approx. 2 minutes / day) of the electronically controlled balance oscillation system achieved.

The balance system is mechanically regulated so that when the transistor 11 is switched on, at least one Movement of the clock (i.e. a higher frequency) of approx. 1 minute per day, with the transistor not switched on 11 a follow-up (lower frequency) of approx. 1 minute / day occurs.

The following relationships apply to the relative frequency changes of the balance wheel system:

Procedure: Gy =

l / m

So ■ ² ""

= + 1 min / d,

Follow up: G, _v = - ~ {~ = - 1 min / d.
Jq ^l

In Fig. 2, the input voltages ur \ and Un and the output voltage u., Of the bistable multivibrator are shown as a function of time in a pulse diagram. The bistable multivibrator is controlled by the positive edges of the pulses arriving at the inputs E1 and E2.

When operating this quartz clock, the following switching processes or Conditions occur:

a) The output A is switched so that the balance system has the frequency fm (higher frequency). The impulse derived from the balance reaches the input El earlier. This means that the balance system takes precedence over the quartz system and is switched to frequency (in by the positive edge of the last pulse arriving at the bistable multivibrator at input El. This balance frequency is maintained until the following positive pulse edge arrives at the inputs. The switching state of the bistable multivibrator determines the balance frequency.

b) If the impulse from the quartz oscillator arrives at input El before the impulse derived from the balance wheel at input E2, that is, if the balance system has followed suit, the balance frequency fu \ is switched on with the positive edge of the impulse coming from the balance system.

c) If z. B. due to external disturbances, the follow-up or action not within a period of the bistable flip-flop eliminates incoming pulses, although a frequency is briefly switched on, which does not correspond to the desired unrest frequency for regulating the system;

. '(ι but the mean value of the balance frequency over time

until the next change of direction corresponds approximately to the required balance frequency. Display error mechanical disturbances can temporarily up to half the period of the

2 ) E1 incoming pulses amount; these will

then corrected again in a time that is inversely proportional to the frequency changes Afm or Afin.

Since a balance clock with informational, statistically distributed disturbances already shows a very good long-term rate behavior, the frequency changes Afm and Afin are chosen so small that no errors can be read in the display. Only with extremely large ones

Γι external mechanical disturbances occur temporarily visible deviations, which will soon be eliminated by the regulation.

A lasting before or after the frequency changes Afm or Afm of, for example

4 (i 1 minute / day results in a Difference in stand of approx. 44 milliseconds, which can by no means be detected with the eye.

For this purpose 3 sheets of drawings

Claims (8)

Patent claims: 1. Time-keeping device, in particular a quartz wristwatch, a crystal oscillator with electronic vision Frequency dividers and an electronically controlled mechanical time-keeping system or Motor that drives a display system that includes at least two speeds is operated, with at least one speed higher, at least one lower than one of the Quartz frequency corresponding setpoint speed can be set controllably and a memory is present, one input of which is from the pulses of the divided crystal frequency and the other input of pulses derived from the time-keeping system that are almost the same Repetition frequency as the pulses of the divided crystal frequency have, is controlled and its Output controls a switching element for switching the speed of the display system, thereby characterized in that a bistable memory is used as a memory Flip-flop is provided and that the derived from the time-keeping system or engine Pulses are fed to the input of the bistable multivibrator via a frequency divider. 2. Time keeping device according to claim 1, with an electronically controlled mechanical vibration system, in particular a low-frequency balance system, characterized in that the Speed change takes place by changing the frequency of this oscillation system. 3. Time keeping device according to claim 1, with an electronically controlled motor, characterized in that that the speed change of the motor by changing the energy supplied and / or Energy loss occurs. 4. Time-keeping device according to claim!, Characterized in that the pulses via a electronic frequency divider are fed to the storage element, so that always at the output of the frequency divider a pulse is emitted, for example when the second hand of the display system a certain angle that is proportional to the number of stages in the binary frequency divider, has painted over. 5. Time-keeping device according to claim 1, characterized in that pulses from the display system by a mechanical-electrical converter, e.g. B. a contact or by electronic means generated and fed to the memory element directly or via an electronic frequency divider can. 6. Time-keeping device according to claim 1, characterized in that the switching element for switching the speed or frequency consists of a transistor in the emitter circuit, which at a Single-coil control and drive circuit for the electromechanical oscillation system or motor switches an ohmic resistor in parallel with a capacitance, so that an additional pulse a Frequency or speed change causes. 7. Line-holding device according to claim 2, characterized in that a change in the natural frequency of the electronically controlled vibration system with the help of spatially displaced drive coils (21) and (22), which can be electronically mailed in, is achieved. 8. Time-keeping device according to claim 2, characterized in that the change in the natural frequency the electronically controlled mechanical vibration system by changing the amplitude, e.g. B. by changing the energy supply or Damping of a non-amplitude isochronous oscillation system takes place.