DE2305353A1 - BRIGHT LENS - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a fast lens, in particular a recording lens, with an afocal attachment with variable magnification and a basic lens more fixed Focal length, the attachment consisting of two fixed with respect to the basic lens Links with a positive focal length is formed, between which two links a first negative element adjacent to the positive front element for varying the focal length and a second, negative element for keeping the image position constant at the same time, however are axially displaceable at different speeds.

The adjustment to close objects takes place in optical systems of the type described by shifting the positive element on the object side, but this type of close-up adjustment is subject to relatively narrow limits due to the resulting increase in the front lens diameter to a size that exceeds any reasonable dimension. One has therefore gone over to shifting one of the adjustable limbs for focal length variation for the purpose of extreme close-up adjustments. Such lenses have become known, for example, from Austrian patents 290 161 and 291 619, but with this method the close-up focus of each

30S836 / 0838

depending on the focal length setting of the overall system. A solution to the problem the extreme close-up, independent of the focal length, is, for example, in the DAS 1 279 962, DOS 1 964 679, in English patents 975 160 and 1 126 069 and in French patent 1 363 557. All of you in these Lenses disclosed in literature references is the front link in an object-side negative Component and into a subsequent positive component in terms of the incidence of light divided. The close-up adjustment is made by moving the negative component. Because of the divergence that predominates behind this negative component the beam does not adversely affect the lens diameter.

The invention is based on the object of a pancratic lens with more as a fivefold expansion, which can be done without additional aids such as additional lenses, allows extreme close-ups without loss of image quality. According to the invention, this is achieved in that the positive front element is used for close-up adjustment of objects, as is known per se, from an axially displaceable, negative component and a positive component, the positive component being one of a negative and a positive lens composed element for chromatic stabilization, which between two positive, their more curved side facing the achromatic lens.

This quasi / symmetrical structure offers a number of advantages both corrective and manufacturing technology. The described distribution of the refractive powers and thus the aberration coefficients on the individual lens surfaces enables the use of cheap optical glasses in the three lenses of the positive component of the front element, even with highly opened lenses with a clear wide-angle effect. The position of the main points is a measure of the symmetrical distribution of the refractive powers within the positive component. The distances between the two main points and their associated lens vertices should differ from one another by more than 10%. According to an advantageous further development of the invention, it is therefore proposed that the _{distance, denoted by 1} , of the main point on the object side and the _{distance denoted by / e o} between the main point on the image side and the respectively associated

309836/0836

- ο -

Lens vertices of the positive component of the front phalanx satisfy the following inequality:

0.9 ₁ ^ x \ & ₂ \ <* 1.1A _{1 each}

-Lenses with a short initial focal length have a clear wide-angle effect when set to the shortest focal length, namely at f. ^ - 1, 8 y ie

'min' ^J

the shortest total focal length is therefore more than 10 % smaller than the image field diagonal 2y. As a result, as well as due to the great stretching, the diameters of the front link show the tendency to increase very quickly. According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is therefore proposed that the two lenses forming the achromatic element of the positive component of the front element be separated from one another, the lens radii facing one another being of different sizes. The introduction of a thin air lens instead of the cemented surface extends the respective radii by at least 50% with the same effect, so that the center thickness of the positive lens of the achromatic lens is reduced by about 30% with the same diameter, a fact that has a major impact on the reduction in diameter the negative component of the front link.

The invention is described below on the basis of exemplary embodiments with reference explained in more detail on the drawing. Fig. La shows an intent of a pancratic Taking lens with about six times the expansion factor at minimum, Fig. Ib at maximum focal length setting. Fig. Ic shows a basic lens for :. the intent shown in the two figures la, lb. Likewise, FIGS. 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b different focal length settings, further shooting lenses according to the invention, however, with an approximately tenfold expansion factor, the associated basic objectives being shown in FIG. 2c and 3c.

A pancratic taking lens with approximately six times the expansion factor is shown in FIGS. The object-side member is fj with a positive focal length I, as well as member with a positive focal length f IV i ^ with respect to the basic lens element V with a positive focal length, "stationary. Between member I and member IV are member Π with negative focal length f and member m with negative focal length f ^ at the same time, but

309836/0836

can be moved at different speeds, with the term Π being the one for the variation dei Focal length executes required movement while by moving limb ΙΠ the image position is kept constant. Between link IV and link V is a dividing prism P outlined, through which the light necessary for the viewfinder beam path, for example, is reflected out.

The positive front member I is from the negative component member I and off composed of the positive component member I. The positive component member I. is designed so that a composed of a negative and a positive lens, element used for chromatic stabilization between two positive individual lenses stands, both of which turn their more curved side towards the aforementioned achromatic lens.

The following table contains further features of this lens, in which r is the radii of curvature, d is the center thickness, 1 is the vertex distances and n or ~ uj £ are the refractive indices or the Abbe 'see numbers of the lenses.

^r 2 +12.033 ^d l = 0.08 ⁿ d ^v d L ₁ ^r 3 + 2.061 I ₁ = 0.27 / 1.620 / .60.3 ^r 4 - 2.419 U ₂ = 0.08 L2 ' ^r 5. + 2.091 ^d 3 = 0.18 / 1.606 / 43.9 - ** 3 ^r 6 +10.440 I ₂ = 0.14 / 1.805 / 25.4 «" 7 plan d ₄ = 0.22 ^L 4 ^r 8 - 1.990 is a 0.01 / 1.620 / 60.3 ^r 9 + 7.299 ^d 5 = 0.08 i> 5 ^r 10 + 1.412 ^d 6 = 0.37 / 1.805 / 25.4 ^L 6 ^r ll - 5.204 I ₄ = 0.01 / 1.617 / 53.9 ^Γ 12 + 1.362 = 0.26 L ₇ + 5.970 0.06 .... / I16I4 / 56.4 ¹ p 1.04 .... ^r l3 1.41 .... ^f min ^P 14 + 3.522 ^d 8 = 0.05 *Max % j ^L 8 1* + 0.611 Ig = 0.15 / 1.620 / 60.3 - 0.772 ^L 9

309836/0836

dg = 0.05 / 1.622 / 53.2

^r 16 ⁺ ° » ⁹⁶⁷

d ₁₀ = 0.10 / 1.805 / 25.4

r ₁₇ -15.921

1.46; ... f _min

I ₇ 0.30 .... f _M

r _l8 - 0.858

L ₁₁ d _lt = 0.05 /, 1.710 / 36.6

r _ig - 2.458

0.05 .... f _min

1 ₈ 0.23 .... fj | 0.05 .... f _max

r ₂₀ - 2.275
L ₁₂ d ₁₂ = 0.07 / 1.620 / 60.3

^r 21 "l» ¹³⁸

1 ₉ = 0.01

r ₂₂ + 3.401

L ₁₃ d ₁₃ = 0.09 / 1.620 / 60.3

r ₂₃ - 2.318

1 ₁₀ = 0.09
r ₂₄ plan

P dp = 0.37 / 1.569 / 56.1

P ₂₅ flat

1 ₁₁ = 0.23
r ₂₆ + 0.784

L ₁₄ d ₁₄ = 0.16 / 1.620 / 60.3

r ₂₇ +27.665

1 ₁₂ = 0.29

^r 28 " ¹ I ⁰⁰⁵
L-d ₁₅ = 0.44 / 1.805 / 25.4

T ₂₉ + 0.832

1 ₁₃ = 0.03

^r 30 ⁺ * » ⁸⁴⁷
L ₁₆ d ₁₆ = 0.17 / 1.623 / 56.9

F ₃₁ - 1.220

114 = 0.01
r, p + 1.005

L ₁₇ d ₁₇ = 0.15 /, 1.683 / 44.5

r ₃₃ - 1.817

f _M = I ₁ OO ^f Bax

Focal ratio = 1: 1.8 Diagonal field of view 2 _V = 0.32

rf

ej = 0.29 e, ₂ = - 0.30

309836/0836

In FIGS. 2a to c, a pancratic photographic lens with approximately tenfold Elongation factor shown. The basic structure corresponds to that of the already ' written lens with sixfold expansion. The more elaborate design of the ve slidable links Π and ΠΙ is due to the larger expansion factor.

^r l +126 5 , 428 d .. = 0 , 21 / 1 π , ' 1. * rain , 620 / - / 38 ,1 fjj ^Γ 2 + 5 , 765 ¹ I. = 0 , 84 * raax / 1, * aax ^r 3 - 4th , 491 ^d 2 = 0 , 18 / 1 , 561 / / 45 , 2 r ₄ + 23 , 958 ^d 3 = 0 , 58 / 1 / , 744 / 44 ,8th Ii «· ₅ + 37 , 057 12th = 0 , 22 1, / ^r 6 + 5 , 459 ^d 4 = 0 , 59 / 1 / , 658 / 50 .9 / ^r 7 - 9 , 903 IS = 0 .01 / ro + 4, "940 ^d 5 = 0 , 21 / 1 , 805 / 25th , 4 +. 5, , 582 U = 0 .11 / / ^r 10 + 10, , 544 ^d 6 = 0 , 66 / 1 , 620 60, .3 ^r ll - -3, , 618 ¹ O = o, , 01 - ^r 12 + 8th, , 114 ^d 7 = 0 , 54 / 1, , 618 55, ,1 ^r 13 + , 269 O ₁ , 17 .... ^f mi I ₆ 1, 180 · »·· ^f M 37, 3, 14 "·· * · 2, d ₈ = 0, 09 713 53 8th ^r 14 - 459 ^r 15 + 2, 509 ¹ T = 0, 07 Ii ^d 9 = 0, 11 713 53 8th ^r 16 ⁺ 711 ^r 17 + 6, 548 ¹ p = o _t 35 ^r 18 _ 2, 088 ^d l0 = 0, 24 805 25, 4th ^r 19 25, = 0, 09 620 60, 3 ^r 20 - 217 + 291 1 2, 93 .... 1, 23 · ■ · · · 0, 17 ....

309836/0836

^r 21 - 1.548 - - 18.006 Γ
Ι - / 1,623 / 2305353 ... - 56.1 d ₁₂ = 0.07 56.9 <* · Ί2. ^r 22 + 1.548 / 1,785 / Offnunjrsverhä d ₁₃ = 0.15 26.1 ^L 13 ^r 23 + 4,955 - • ^ min 60.3 JL U- 0.72 ... 'i o * «y * * · • Max 0.16 ... ^r 24 + 4.777 / 1.658 / 25.4 d ₁₄ = 0.13 57.3 Li4 ^r 25 - 9,957 I ₁₁ = 0.01 ^r 26 + 4.777 / 1.658 / 60.3 mw d ₁₅ = 0.13, 57.3 ^L 15 ^r 27 - 9,957 Ml I ₁₂ = 0.14 ^r 28 plan / 1,569 / 60.3 d _p = 0.60 P. ^r 29 plan I ₁₃ = 0.46 ^r 30 + 1.254 / 1,620 / Uv d ₁₆ = 0.25 ^L 16 ^r 31 - 76.280 I ₁₄ = 0.28 r-p - 2.086 / 1,805 / d ₁₇ = 0.56 ^L 17 ^r 33 + 1,300 I ₁₅ = 0.12 ^r 34 + 3.386 / 1,620 / d _l8 = 0.29 ^L 18 ^r 35 -. 1.897 I ₁₆ = 0.09 - ^r 36 + 1.288 / 1,620 / d _l9 = 0.29 ^L 18 ^r 37 fain = 0 » ⁴⁵ f _M = 1.00
^f raax ^{= 4 30}
ltois = 1: 1.8 Diagonal field of view 2y = 0.52 ^G _t = 0.66 ^e 2 = -0.70

The embodiment shown in FIGS. 3a to c is a further development of the objective described with reference to FIGS. 2a to c, the aim being a simplification the effort both to save manufacturing costs and to reduce the dimensions, especially the diameter of the front link, with unchanged focal length range and with a slight reduction in the relative Opening was.

Z & z basic structure in which the individual lens groups are replaced by thin

309836/0836

Lenses were replaced, remained unchanged, the detailed execution dates are in the the following table.

ⁿ d ^v d

r + 96.316

V ^d = i ° ^'17 / i ^{»618/49> 8}

■ r + 5.194

I ₁ = 0.70 r - 5.738 ^L

L ₂ d = 0.17 / 1.618 / 49.8

ν + / 151.176

I ₉ = 0.30. r ₅ + 50.593 ■

L, d = 0.56 / 1.691 / 54.7

r - 6.025

1- = 0.01 r _? + 12,000

L ₄ d = 0.19 / 1.805 / 25.4

r + 4.748 *

1 = 0.06 r ₉ + 5.128

L- d = 0.67 / 1.620 / 60.3

r - 11.111

1 = 0.01 τ + 3.311

L ₆ - d = 0.59 / 1.641 / 60.1

r ₁₂ + 16.283

0.13 ... f

1 77 r ^mi

1.77 ... 1 _M.

3.46 ... f ^M

max _L r _ + 151.226

r + '1.333 ^d 7 = °' ° ^9/1 ^ ⁶⁴¹ / ^6O 'l

I ₇ = 0.37 r - 24.770

L ₈ d _ft = 0.30 / 1.805 / 25.4

r - 1.653. ^ö ■,

Lq d_ = - 0.07 / 1.620 / 60.3

T ₁₇ + 3.685 ^y

3.04 ... f

1 1 14 f ^min Ag 1.04 ... 1 _M

0.27. ... f

Max

^r l8 - ^{1> 875}

^L 10 ^d = ₁₀ ° ^'07/1 ^ ^{744/44' 8}

r ₁₉ + 12.742 ^lü

ο, 75 ... f 0.81 ... f! " ⁱⁿ

0.19 ... f

Max

309836/0836

P. ΔΚ) + 3.052 ^d 1l = O, 26th / ^L ll ^Γ 21 11 XX uX 1,979 ¹ IO = O, 14th ^r 22 ^L 12 plan ^d 12 ⁼ O, 61 / ^Γ 23 plan ¹ II = O, 55 ^L 13 + 1.073 ^d 13 = O, 25th / ^r 25 XO ^L 14 + 8.556 ¹ Ia ⁼ O, 27 ^r 26
^r 27 ^L 15 ■ oo cn
Ol O)
U U 1,600 ^d 14 =
¹ I ₃ = O,
O, 71
14th / ^r 30
^r 31 + 1.311 ^d 15 =
¹ I ₄ = + 2.993 ^d 16 = O,
O, 22nd
09 / 1.681 f. = + 1.763 mm O, 22nd / 4.257 ^f M = O, 46 f 1 00 4, 32

Focal ratio = 1: 2
Diagonal field of view 2jr = 0.52
e _t = 0.65
e ₂ = -0.65

1.487 / 70.4

1.569 / 56.1

1.650 / 39.2

1.805 / 25.4

1.620 / 60.3

1.641 / 60.1

309836/0836

Claims (2)

3 3 ™ ü - 10 - 1625 claims 1. I Fast lens, in particular taking lens, with an afocal Vc- set of variable magnification, and a basic lens of fixed focal length, with the attachment of two members with a positive focal length which are fixed in relation to the basic objective is formed, between which two members a first, the positive front member Adjacent, negative element for varying the focal length and a second, negative element Link to keep the image position constant at the same time, but with a different C speed are axially displaceable, characterized in that the positive front member for the close-up of objects as known per se, from an axially displaceable, negative component and a positive component is constructed, with the positive Component has a composed of a negative and a positive lens element for chromatic stabilization, which between two positive, their more curved side facing the achromatic single lens is arranged. 2. Lens according to claim 1, characterized in that the jft designated Distance of the main point (H) on the object side and the distance of the marked with «« image-side main point (H ') to the respective associated lens vertices of the positive Components of the front phalanx satisfy the following inequality: 0.9 ^ ₁ <\ * ₂ I < 1.1 ^ ₁ 3. Lens according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the the two lenses forming the achromatic element of the positive component of the erontic limb are separated, the mutually facing lens radii of different Size are. 4. Lens according to claims 1-3, characterized by the following data, understood with a deviation of the curvature of individual surfaces up to - 10% of the refractive power the corresponding straightness, the thicknesses up to - 10% of the corresponding link, the refractive indices up to - 0.03 and the Abbe 'see numbers up to - 5; 309836/0836 ^r l +12.033 ^d l = 0, , 08 ^r 2 + 2.061 Il = o, 27 ^r 3 - 2.419 ^d 2 = o, 08 ^r 4 + 2.091 ^d 3 = o, 18th ^r 5. +10.440 * 2 = o, 14th ^r 6 plan d ₄ = o, 22nd ^r 7 - 1.990 ¹ p = o, 01 ^r 8 + 7.299 ^d 5 = o, 08 ^r 9 + 1.412 ^d 6 = o, 37 ^r 10 - 5.204 = o, 01 ^r 12 ^{+ 5} * ⁹⁷⁰ * 13 + 3.522 ^r 14 +0.611 r ₁₅ - 0.772 r ₁₆ + 0.967 r ₁₇ -15.921 l8 - 2.458 = 0.26 / 1.620 / 60.3 / 1.606 / 43.9 / 1.805 / 25.4 / 1.620 / 60.3 / 1.805 / 25.4 / 1.617 / 53.9 / 1.614 / 56.4 0.06 .... f _min 1.04 .... f _M 1.41 .... dg = 0.05 I ₆ = 0.15 d ₉ = 0.05 d ₁₀ = 0.10 1.46 / 1.620 / 60.3 1.622 1.805 0.30 .... f _x = 0.05 min 1.710 - 2.275 ^d 12 O, 05 • · · · ^f min 620 0.23 .... f »j ^r 20 - 1.138 ^l 9 0.05 · "·· ^f max = 0.07 / 1, ^r 21 + 3.401 ^d 13 620 = 0.01 ^r 22 - 2.318 ¹ IO s 0.09 / 1, ^r 23 = 0.09 53.2 25.4 36.6 60.3 60.3 309836/0836 r ₂₄ dp = 0.37 / 1.569 / 56.1 1 ₁₁ = 0.23 ^L 14 ^ = T = ^a i4 = "Ο7Ϊ6 7 1.620 / 60.3 r ₂₇ +27.665 1 ₁₂ = 0.29 Γηα ■ "1.005 L-d ₁₅ = 0.44 / 1.805 / 25.4 r ₂ g + 0.832 1 ₁₃ = 0.03 r ₃₀ + 1.847 L ₁₆ d ₁₆ = 0.17 / 1.623 / 56.9 r ₃₁ - 1.220 1 ₁₄ = 0.01 r ₃₂ + 1.005 L ₁₇ . d ₁₇ = 0.15 / 1.683 / 44.5 r ₃₃ - 1.817 f _M = 1.00 ^f max = I » ⁹⁴ aperture ratio = 1: 1.8 2 = 0 = 0.29 Diagonal field of view 2 = 0.32 ^e ₂ = - 0.30 5. Objective according to claims 1-4, characterized by the following data, understood with a deviation of the curvature of individual surfaces up to - 10% of the refractive power of the corresponding link, the thickness up to - 10% of the corresponding link, the refractive indices up to - 0, 03 and "the Abbe 'see numbers up to - 5: ⁿ d · ^v d T ₁ +126.428 - ^L l ^ ₁ = 0.21 / 1.620 / 38.1 T ₂ + 5.765 1 ₁ = 0.84 T ₃ - 5.491 ^L 2 <* 2 = 0.18 / 1.561 / 45.2 r ₄ + 4.958 ^L 3 ^d 3 = ° » ⁵⁸ / left? 44 / 44.8 r ₅ + 23.057 12 = 0.22 T ₆ + 37.459 ^L 4 d ₄ = 0.59 / 1.658 / 50.9 r _7-5.903 is = 0.01 309836/0836 r ₈ • f 9 , 940 ^d 5 = 0 , 21 O ^r 9 + 4th , 582 M. = 0 »11 ^r 10 5 , 544 ^d 6 = 0 , 66 ^L 6 + ■ in e «q ¹ p = 0 , 01 ^r ll Iu , DIo r ₁₂ + 3 , 114 d ₇ a »0 , 54 ^L 7 ^r l3 8th , 269 / 1.805 / 25.4 / 1.620 / 60.3 / 1.618 / 55.1 0.17 .... f _min \ a 1, "0» · »· Xw 3.49 .... S _max ^r 14 d ₈ = 0.09 / 1.713 / 53.8 + 2.509 1 ₇ = 0.07 + 2.711 d ₉ = 0.11 / 1.713 / 53.8 + 1.548 1 ₈ = 0.35 r + a - 6.088 t _in d _1ft = 0.24 / 1.805 / 25.4 P ₁₉ - 2.217 L ₁₁ d _tl = 0.09 / 1.620 / 60.3 P ₂₀ + 25.291 2.93 .... f _min 1 ₉ 1.23 .... f _M 0.17 .... f _max P ₂₁ - 1.548 L ₁₂ . d _l2 = 0.07 / 1.623 / 56.9 P ₂₂ + -1.048 L., d ₁₃ = 0.15 / 1.785 / 26.1 P ₂₃ + 4.955 - 0.72 .... f _nin 1 ₁₀ 0.79 .... f _H 0.16 .... f _aax P ₂₄ + 4.777 L ₁₄ d _l4 = 0.13 / 1.658 / 57.3 P ₂ . - 9,957 1 ₁₁ = OjOl ^r 26 "*" 4.777 L ₁₅ d ₁₅ = 0.13 / 1.658 / 57.3 P ₂₇ - - 9,957 1 ₁₂ = 0.14 P ₂₈ flat P dp * 0.60 / 1.569 / 56.1 P ₂₉ flat 1 ₁₃ = 0.46 P ₃₀ + 1.254 L _let d _ie = 0.25 / 1.620 / 60.3 P _31-76.280 1 ₁₄ = 0.28 P _{32 to} 2.086 309836/0836 A 33 _ ₁₄ _ d ₁₇ = 0.56 / 1.805 / 25.4 + 1,300 1 ₁₅ = 0.12 r ₃₄ + 3.386 • d _lg = 0.29 / 1.620 / 60.3 r ₃₅ - 1.8Ö7 1 ₁₆ = 0.09 r ₃₆ + 1.288 d ₁₉ = 0.29 / 1.620 / 60.3 T ₃₇ - 18.006 '»In« ° * ⁴⁵ f _M = 1.00 Opening ratio = 1: 1.8 Diagonal field of view 2y = 0.52 B ₁ a O ₁ 66 e ₂ - -0.70 6. Lens according to claims 1 to 5, characterized by the following data, understood with a deviation of the curvature of individual surfaces up to - 10 % of the refractive power of the corresponding member, the thicknesses up to - 10% of the corresponding member, the refractive indices up to - 0.03 and the Abbe 'see numbers up to - 5: T ₁ + 96.316 _: ^{α α} V ^d i = 0.17 / 1.618 / 49.8 Γ «+ 5.194 ^τ ■ = 0.70 Γ, - 5.738 ^L 2 'd = 0.17 / 1.618 / 49.8 r 451176 ^Λ · + / f 51.176 1 = 0.30. r ₅ + 50.593 ^L ₃ d = 0.56 / 1.691 / 54.7 r. - 6.025 ^ό I ₃ = 0.01 r ₇ + 12,000 "* i «4 d = 0.19 / 1.805 / 25.4 r + 4.748 * 1 = 0.06. r _g + 5.128 K d = 0.67 / 1.620 / 60.3 r - 11.111 1 = 0.01 ^ ₁₁ + 3.311 ^{D L} ₆ dg = 0.59 / 1.641 / 60.1 ^r l2 ^{+ 16} * ²⁸³ 0.13 ... f. 1 77 f ^min 3.46 ... ST Max 309836/0836 13th 15th 16 17th 18th 19th 20th 21 22nd 24 25th 26th '27 28 29 30th 31 + 151.226 + 1.333 - 24.770 1.653 + 3.685 1.875 + 12.742 + 3.052 1.979 plan plan + 1.073 + 8.556 1.600 + 1.311 + 2.993 - 1.681 + 1.763 4, * 257 - ^d io A 33 D 45 0.09 0.37 0.30 0.07 / 1,641 / / 1.805 / / 1.620 / 3.04 ... f mxn X ₁ OI: ... I. - 0.27 ... f ^H Max 0.07 / 1.744 o.75 0.81 0.19 0.26 0.14 0.25 0.27 0.71 0.14 0.22 0.09 0.22- f. =
mm
^f M = 0.46
1.00 f
Max 4.32 Aperture ratio = 1: 2 Diagonal field of view 2y = ■ 0.52 ^e i = 0.65 © - -0.65 "well : f ^M max / 1.487 60.1 25.4 60.3 / 44.8 / 70.4 0.61 / 1.569 / 56.1 0.55 / 1.650 / 39.2 / 1.805 / 25.4 / 1.620 / 60.3 / 1.641 / 60.1 309836/0836 Blank page