DE2303911C3 - Method and device for assembling masts on towers or tower-like structures Alfred Kunz & Co, 8000 Munich - Google Patents

Description

35 shows that the tie rods (5) as threaded rods «Η with a continuously rolled-on thread formed and each screwed onto them with two one above the other and corresponding to the stroke of the presses (12) adjustable spindle nuts (13, 14) are provided. When the presses (12) extend, the upper spindle nut (13) rests on the support frame (4) and when retracted the presses (12) the lower spindle nut (14) itself supported on the tower head

10 device according to one of claims 6 to 9

for carrying out the method according to claim 4

characterized in that the control carrier (2)

is provided with a lower guide (9), which the

clear cross-section of the elevator shaft (15)

^m f \ Device according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the tie rods (5) are passed through is arranged in the top of the tower or tower-like building guide tubes (6) and arranged in the supporting frame (4) guide openings (16) .

Device according to claim U, in which the tie rods are formed from veil pieces connected to one another by butt joints, characterized in that each spindle nut (13, 14) is supported on a horizontal slotted plate (7) provided with a slot (17) for driving through the push sleeves can be pulled out and pushed back in alternately.

13 device according to one of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that the horizontal support acting on the outer circumference of the mast (8) provided with support and guide rollers (18) resting on the circumferential surface of the mast (10) is.

40 The invention relates to a method and EifHcmüng rom mounting masts on towers or tower-like buildings using arranged on the turret head lifting devices.

It is known such masts in full length or in

is attached to the lifting devices in such a way that 45 partial longitudinal pieces are ~ '' '"b cranes or means attached to the structure

6. Device for performing the method according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the Huhvarrichtungen (3) from the Tunnkc if or, which are used to pull the M. stes (10) up into its upper end position, are located below the attached position an attachment (11) of the same attached hydraulic presses (12), rope jacks or similar lifting devices exist, and that a support yoke (1) protruding over the circumference of the same is arranged on the mast foot §amdsm ^ i ^ bglKdeT ^ MHaMornchtüngeni (3)

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|| ^ 7j: EmjKhtüng ^: fla

^ giciine ^ äällJasii ^ aljMJviil ^ Näcl ^

^ äjS | Ma | ie |; (i p)! i ^ a% end ^ ltigeiHölrtniäge ^ a

i ^ iTM ^? ^ g; deiLMaitMßW. ^ ffiB | u ^ £ rl ^ i | äet. '

j | ge | »! HizeicKne ^ ^ ß ^ ie | Hyär ^ i ^ en ^ ressen; (12): l ^^ i ^ md ^ M ^ fi ^ iimgetenllenTlagr ^ | attack ₍ iderfidüfcns die 'llübgiieSer ^t; biläehde fZugstangen ( 5) or ^ ropes with deiri support yoke (Ϊj

yerbu ^ ejHst ,

■ 9, device according to claim 8, characterized

or construction cranes or by means of climbing cranes attached to the structure to their final height and assemble. The use of a car or construction crane ««! is disadvantageous in that for one or several lifts an extraordinarily large, complex crane is necessary, which is nevertheless suitable for greater heights not enough A climbing crane attached to the structure is only for a few lifts and also only for large ones Effort able to assemble the mast parts.

It is still known. Lifting and / or climbing devices. build up and miwiSiaetsemm Tciiiangääiöeke

"Sgypnfipistpff ^

^^^ ese ^^ rgeji & nf efföjrdert ^ in ^ raw effort] and

IfAMt does not use "yojv car or construction cranes

Deadföder from climbing cranes seared on the Bäuwe ^

*! gemejnsariij that the scaffolding ühdfiüjavomchtxirigen

fäer outside of the tower

kcs are used and a mast in

generally less only when wind speed ^f

45 "can be imon * ated. Furthermore, it is not in any of the previously known solutions possible, the mast after! reaching the total height, the z. B. 30.40 or 50 m or amount more to Katln, even later in his

correct vertical position.

Finally, through the patent specification 91 715 of the German Democratic Republic, the assembly a tower-like structure composed of shot-like individual elements known in the manner that an individual element known as a »pendulum absorber«, which is suspended by means of a joke Lifting plate is raised first, when lifting the then following, each below one raised Individual elements placed on the foundation are also lifted. For this », V-annten However, the assembly process is one used as a lifting device Very high support structure required.

The invention is based on the task of assembling masts of large Hös ^, z. B. spun concrete masts, on towers or .. company; suitable buildings simplify and so to shape. ,, that such a mast with significantly less effort and regardless of weather conditions, especially wind conditions, can be mounted in an exactly vertical position. ω

The solution to this problem is according to the invention that the mast is perpendicular below his final position established, then by means of the lifting devices as far inside the tower in a lower assembly position is raised until the mast tip protrudes slightly from the tower head upwards, whereupon at the base of the mast there is a downward protruding control beam and at the tower head at some distance above this a horizontal support that acts on the outer circumference of the mast to absorb the wind forces during the Assembly process are attached and then the mast by means of attacking parts of the mast base Lifting devices under vertical guidance by the control carrier raised to its upper end position, in this with temporary point support placed on a support, using the Control carrier and / or the lifting devices aligned exactly perpendicular and then finally in the tower head is attached.

£: ne to carry out the procedure according to the Invention particularly suitable device is that the for pulling up de s mast in his Upper Endsteliung serving lifting devices attached to the tower head or an attachment of the same hydraulic presses, rope jacks or similar lifting devices exist, uiiJ if an overhead at the mast base the circumference of the same projecting support yoke is arranged on which the lifting members of the lifting devices attack.

When using the method and the device according to the invention, masts can be very large even on particularly high towers or tower-like structures in a simple manner without use complex cranes or other complex lifting devices erected in an exactly vertical position ■ giprden without strong wind forces, assembly of the pastes at the top of the structure in larger sizes vcapacity. The horizontal forces the wind load during the assembly process, ■ especially when the center of gravity of the mast above the upper end of the tower head or above the preferably quiver-like attachment of the same, thanks to the horizontal support arranged at a distance above the top of the structure. To absorb the bending moment exerted on the mast during assembly as a result of wind loads a couple of forces is available that corresponds to the distance between the upper wind support and the lower one Corresponds to the leading end of the vertical control beam. It depends on the flexural strength of the connection the control beam with the mast base as well as the design and dimensioning of the horizontal wind support and the lower leading end of the control beam, which wind speeds for the Assembly can be approved.

Further useful embodiments of the method and the device for performing the Process are the subject of claims 2 to 5 and 7 to 13, respectively.

The invention is described below with reference to the drawing, for example. In the drawing indicates

F i g. 1 shows a vertical axial section through a tower-like structure with a tower base Mast,

FIG. 2 corresponds to one of FIG. 1, + ⁱ nden axial section with the mast located in the lower assembly position on the tower head,

F i g. 3 one opposite F i g. 1 and 2 enlarged vertical axial section through the tower head with up to nearly: .τ its final altitude raised Mast,

F i g. 4 a slotted sheet metal used in the assembly of the mast in plan view,

F i g. 5,6 and 7 horizontal cuts according to the lines V-V, Vl-V! and VII-VII of FIG. 3 and

FIG. 8 shows a section along the line VlIl-VIlI in Fig. 5.

In the example shown, the tower-like structure is with a central elevator shaft 15 and am Tower head with a quiver-shaped top 11 Mistake. The mast 10, e.g. B. an antenna mast made of steel. Reinforced concrete or spun concrete, should be in the plan seen in the middle of the building as an extension of the elevator shaft 15. To use However, neither an elevator shaft nor such a quiver-shaped attachment is essential to the invention necessary. It is also not necessary for the mast to be erected in the middle of the building plan. Rather, the mast can also be used in a structure with a free interior space and in the area of the same in each Floor plan position to be mounted. Furthermore, in any case, the mast 10 either before or after Erection of the structure arranged on the slope corresponding to its later position in the plan will.

In the first case, the mast 10 is erected at this point as a whole on the ground or foundation or using «on located at the top of the tower Cranes or other lifting devices composed of individual partial longitudinal pieces. Then it will be erected or assembled mast 10 around the building or if it is before Erecting or assembling the mast up to at a partial height that still allows the use of a truck crane for the paste build-up is built to the end. In the example shown, the mast 10 is then also completed Elevator shaft runs from the one shown in FIG. 1 position shown on the ground or on the foundation in the middle of the lifting devices 3 located at the top of the tower in the off F i g. 2 visible lower assembly position pulled up, in which the mast tip something from the attachment 11 of the Tower head protrudes upwards.

In the second case, the mast only needs to be delivered to the structure after the work has been completed. the

"R

Delivery takes place in partial longitudinal pieces, the coenfaHs

by means of cranes or other lifting devices on

Tower head ζ. Β., Νοη "up into elevator shaft ¹ 15

and brought together in thisW to form the mast

sets are dies ICaHn ^-1 ₁ nactTderi conditions each

"under 'List of the' lower part of the length on

^r floor or in a higher position, ζ B in the one from FIG. 2 position, can be carried out

The composite mast 10 should in no case be a higher position than the position according to FIG. 2 take and is in its composition in a lower altitude than shown in Fig. 2, as in first Faü initially to this lower Moniagestelluiig pulled up.

In any case, the mast 10 is placed in the lower assembly position with the mast foot on a support yoke 1, which can later also serve to anchor the mast. The connection for a vertical control beam 2 is arranged in the mast base itself, while the lifting devices 3 are attached to the tower head or to the upper end of the attachment 11. These can consist of hydraulic presses, rope jacks or similar lifting devices. If, as in the example shown, hydraulic presses 12 are used, as indicated in FIG. 3, a support frame 4 is attached which surrounds the mast 10 and on which the presses 12 engage. Depending on the suspension of the mast, the support frame 4 can consist of a support structure which, for. B. according to FIG. 5 can be formed. The support yoke J and the support frame 4 are connected by tie rods 5 or cables which, for. B. when using four hydraulic presses 12 are arranged in pairs diametrically opposite one another, see The tie rods 5 preferably consist of threaded rods onto which spindle nuts 13 and 14, which can be adjusted step by step according to the stroke of the presses, are screwed. In the example shown, two slotted plates 7 (igl. Fig.4) are provided for each tie rod 5, which are pushed onto the support frame 4 and on the top edge of the tower head at the end of the respective guide tube 6 so that their respective slot 17 corresponds to the relevant Drawbar 5 receives the slotted plates 7 are used when the tie rods, for. B. Prestressing steels with a continuously rolled-on thread, must be joined by means of butt sleeves with a larger outer diameter, and can be alternately pulled out and pushed back on when driving through the respective butt sleeve. The two spindle nuts 13 and 14 arranged one above the other on each tie rod have two functions. When extending the presses 12 or during the lifting process, the respective upper spindle nut rests on the support frame 4 and serves to transfer the lifting force of the presses 12 via the thread to the respective tie rod and thus to the lower support yoke 1. The lower nut 14 is thereby of Adjusted manually or mechanically and forms a safeguard in the event of malfunctions in the lifting mechanism. During retraction ^of: ._ IPJ £ sseriji2 dietit'die j ^ eil | lower 'Spindümüi (etiA.der ^ ti

Use shaft or tower walls as a guide structure. In such a case, the taxpayer receives 2 at the lower end a guide 9, which corresponds to the clear cross-section of the elevator shaft or the tower is adapted If the mast is raised in a tower-like structure with a large free internal cross-section, so shaft or tower walls as a guide structure are not to be adjourned. In such a case but the mast can be attached to the lifting devices for lifting into the lower assembly position be that its focus is below the attachment point. E.g. he can with the top of the mast be appended. Lateral guidance can be dispensed with here, since the mast is attached to the Lifts automatically adjusts vertically This is important when the mast is about 100 m or more to be lifted to the lower assembly position. When this is reached ibt odt · mc mast support at least with a sufficient length protrudes into the tunnel head, so the mast is hung so that the lifting devices or attack parts of it at the base of the mast

At the upper end of the tower head or cooker-shaped attachment 11 is to absorb the wind forces during assembly a horizontal support 8 is arranged which engages the outer circumference of the mast and three on its surface, which is optionally provided with a plastic coating. adjacent support and guide rollers 18 which prevent the mast 10 from being pulled up further from the lower Presentation of monies according to F1 g. 2 in its upper end position damaged. The support 8 is designed so that it also absorbs the horizontal forces from the wind on the mast can then safely record when the focus is on of the mast when it is pulled upwards over the top edge of the tower head This further pulling up becomes the bending moment exerted on the mast 10 as a result of the wind load taken up by a couple of forces, in which the distance between the forces is the perpendicular distance between the horizontal support 8 and the end of the control beam 2 corresponds

It therefore depends on the dimensioning of the rigid connection of the control beam 2 to the mast base and of the arrangement and dimensioning of the horizontal wind support 8 and the guide 9 of the control beam 2 from. which wind speeds can be permitted for installation. Theoretically it would be it is possible to carry out the installation at full calculated wind force.

After completing the lifting work, the mast is initially supported on a temporary point Deposed anchor beam and then with the help of the control beam 2 in the exact vertical position The mast can now be screwed or potted and the assembly finished.

For this purpose 4 sheets of drawings

Claims (5)

Patent claims: 20th I '1. Method of assembling masts on »Towers or tower-like structures in use of lifting devices arranged at the top of the tower, characterized in that the mast (10) is erected vertically below its final position, then by means of the lifting devices is lifted so far inside the tower in a lower assembly position until the top of the mast - something protrudes from the top of the tower, whereupon a downwardly protruding control beam (2) at the base of the mast and some at the top of the tower Distance above this a horizontal support (8) which acts on the outer circumference of the mast for receiving of the wind forces attached to the assembly preparation and then the dimension 0) by means of parts of the lifting devices engaging at the base of the mast, guided perpendicularly by the control beam (2) raised to its upper end position, in this with temporary point support a support is deposited using the control bracket (2) and / or the lifting devices is aligned exactly perpendicular and then finally fixed in the tower head. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the mast (10) prior to erection or is erected or assembled before the construction of the tower or structure is completed. 3. The method according to Anspruc.i 1, characterized in that that the mast (10) after erection of the tower or structure in this from partial lengths is put together. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mast (10) in one Elevator shaft (15) of the tower or tower-like structure with perpendicular guidance of the perpendicular attached to him control carrier (2) on the inner wall of the elevator shaft (15) up to his final altitude is pulled up. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mast (10) in the open Interior of the building pulled up and this 30th