DE2301510A1 - Gastric ulcer preventive and growth promoting material for pigs - Google Patents

Description

23 248 n / wa

1. Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha, Tokyo Japan

2. Glico Chikusan Kabushiki Kaisha, Kuroiso-shi Japan

Gastric ulcer preventing and growth promoting material for pigs

The present invention relates to gastric ulcer preventing and wax turns promoting Material for pigs. This material, which contains polyacrylate as an active ingredient, is continuously used in pigs or repeatedly mixed with pig feed

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administered material.

With the recent development of pig breeding using putter materials (formula feeds), there is a need for putter material with excellent efficiency developed. Such a putter material with excellent efficiency is a putter with high nutritional value, whose crude fiber content has been reduced and is therefore a direct or indirect cause of the inhibition of pigs' growth as a result of gastric ulcers and gastric injuries and pica. Will Pigs only with putter material · without * the use of , Litter-bred, they often suffer from gastric ulcers. The gastric ulcers in pigs mainly develop in the esophageal areas of their stomachs with the result that pigs that are seriously ill with it die and even those who are diseased to a lesser extent are considerably inhibited in their growth.

In addition, when the pigs are reared in groups, injuries are caused by tail biting or the pigs bite the tails of the other pigs and eat them up. Among the pigs injured in this way, they die with more seriousness Injury due to bleeding or bacterial infection, and even those with minor injuries are sizeable Exposed to stress and thus inhibited in their growth. It is true that measures can be taken against this by the pigs are artificially put on in the perky stage, but these have disadvantages, in that a considerable amount of pigs are put on when they are put on Workload arises and the pigs do not have long enough tails for the movement of the adults Pigs are useful on.

The gastric injuries and pica noted above are commonly observed in pigs fed with feed

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materials with a low crude fiber content have been fed and are mainly fed with lining materials high nutritional value and excellent potency. To avoid these diseases, was who used raw feed such as litter in addition to the feed materials or fed them in such a way that this is done voluntarily were eaten by the pigs. However, these methods are impractical because of the feed efficiency of the feed materials decreased and the amount of manure and fertilizer increased and the workload when feeding the pigs increase.

Since the conventional methods of preventing the above-mentioned diseases have many difficulties or problems. Have disadvantages and no good countermeasures in In connection with the foods used on a commercial scale, there is an urgent need to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages by using feed additives. On the other hand, antibiotics were used and such substances on a large scale as feed additives mainly for growth promotion and used to prevent diarrhea. However, these additions pose problems in that they are used in the living body of the pig remain and resistant bacteria are grown therein.

To overcome the difficulties mentioned above, it was found that if the pig polyacrylate in mixture is fed with a feed material, the pig is effective against gastric ulcers and against undergrowth protected as a result of gastric ulcers and pica and thus strongly promoted in growth.

Preferred examples of those used in the present invention Polyacrylates include alkali salts such as sodium polyacrylic

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lat and potassium poly acryl at. To prevent gastric ulcers and to promote the growth of pigs, the powdered polyacrylate is diluted with corn starch or corn starch or the like and then administered to the pig. It is most advantageous to mix a defined amount of the polyacrylate powder "as a putter additive, for example, to such a feed as is indicated in Table 1 of Example 1, and then add the resulting powdery feed either in this form or after the polyacrylate-containing feed has been converted into pellets or lumps a Pelettisiervorrichtung to administer use according to conventional methods. the to verfütternde amount of the polyacrylates according to the invention varies depending on the condition and body weight of the pig, but is usually 0.05 to 1.5 wt.% _t based on the weight of the feed, wherein the resulting polyacrylathaltige feed is fed to the pig continuously or repeatedly.

The invention is illustrated in detail with reference to the examples below.

example 1

1. test procedure;

(1) Test duration: 99 days

(2) Test pigs: 45 Landrace χ Hampshire pigs (half male and half female) with a body weight of about 33 kg. These Pigs were divided into three groups.

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- 5th

(3) Putter and test groups:

A practical powdered feed material was used as the basic feed. The pigs of two test groups (treated groups) were fed the basic feed in which sodium polyacrylate (hereinafter abbreviated to "PÄNA") was introduced in amounts of 0.3 % and OI Ji each, and the pigs of one group (control group) were fed only with the basic feed fed. The components and the composition of the basic feed are shown in Tables 1 and 2 and the classification of the test groups in Table j5.

Table 1

Feed components:

Corn-Milo mixture 70 % soybean oil Meat-fish meal mixture 20%

Molasses 2 %

Sebum 2 %

Rice-bran-alfalfa flour mixture 4 %

Vitamin-mineral premix 2 %

Table 2

Composition of the feed:

Crude protein Raw fat Crude fiber Raw ash 16.1 % 4.8 % 2.6 % 5.0 %

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Tabel

Classification of the test groups:

group treated group Group '2 Control group additive Group 1 0.1 %
PANA Group 3 0.3 %
PANA none

(4) Feed method:

15 pigs each were in a crate with a solid floor of 2.7 mx 7.2 m with self-feeding, Raised without litter and free drinking water.

2. Test results :

The growth status of the pigs in each group is shown in Table 4. On the 80th day after the start of the test, the test pigs were clinically observed, and it was found that one of the sliver pigs in the control group (group J>) suffered from a gastric ulcer. Demented. Speaking, this pig was taken out and dissected to confirm that the pig was bleeding from severe ulcers. The condition of the esophageal region of the stomach of each pig at the time of sleeping is shown in Table 5. Both groups 1 and 2, in which the basic forage had been used with PANA introduced, showed

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230151D

good growth conditions and in particular the daily average body weight gains in the treated groups were 11 % or more greater than in the test group. This is shown in Table 4. In addition, the putter conversion ratios were also improved. This means that two normal pigs and one normal pig were observed or tested in groups 1 and 2, in which the basic diet was mixed with 0.5% and 0.1 % PANA, while no normal pig was found in the control group. In addition, in the treated groups the severity of the disease in each pig was in the worst case in the stage of parakeratosis, while in the control group essentially all pigs suffered from seizures and ulcers. Large differences were thus found between the pigs of the treated groups in which PANA was used as an additive and those of the control group in which PANA was not used.

Table 4

Growth state (average)

group treated group Group 2 Control group Body size
weight at
Start of test Group 1 54.1 kg Group 5 Body size
weight at
Examiner 55.0 kg 89.5 kg 55.4 kg 88.6 kg 84.8 kg

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Port setting table

Body weight
growth during
the duration of the test 55.6 kg 55.4 . 51.4 Average
Feeding days 92.6 days 90.7 96.4 Average
Body weight
wax per day 600 g 615 . 533 Feed conversion
relationship 3.59 % 3.63 3.70

Table 5

Condition of the esophageal area of the stomach;

Parakeratosis + treated group 0 Group 2 Control group Group , Parakeratosis ++ Group 1 1 Group 3 normal Erosion 2 7th 0 Ver
let
tongue 6th 5 O 7th 2 3 6th

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Port setting Table 5

Ver ulcer O O 6th let tongue

The injuries were classified according to the following standards:

Parakeratosis +: slight parakeratosis

the cover epithelium.

Parakeratosis ++: Advanced parakeratosis

on the cover epithelium,

Etching:

Ulcer:

Partial disintegration of the cover epithelium.

Disintegration of the epithelium and release of the muscular skin (tunica muscularis).

Example 2

Ι « Test procedure :

(1) Test duration: 85 days

(2) test pigs: 30 Landrace pigs and those of the first branch Landrace generation with about 41 kg body weight were divided into two groups.

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(3) Putter and test groups: A practical powdered feed material containing the same components, shown in Table 1 of Example 1 was used. The pigs of one test group (treated group) were mixed with the forage in the potassium polyacrylate (hereinafter abbreviated as PAK) was brought in, fed. The composition of the basic forage is shown in Table 6 and the The classification of the test groups is given in Table 7. .

Tabel

Composition of the feed:

Crude protein Raw fat Crude fiber Raw ash 16.2 $ ' 5.1 % 2.9 % 4.9 %

Table 7

Classification of the test groups:

group treated group Control group additive Group 1 Group 2 0.2 % PAH none

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- Ii -

(4) Puttering method:

15 pigs each were raised in a pen with a solid floor of 3.6 mx 4.5 m with self-feeding without litter and free drinking of water.

2. Test results :

The growth status of the pigs in each group is shown in Table 8. The average daily The body weight gain of the pigs of the treated group was 704 g while that of the pigs of the Control group was 646 g. Regarding the feed conversion ratio, a difference was found between the treated and determined by the test group. The state the esophageal areas of the stomach of the pigs are shown in Table 9. That means there were two normal pigs were observed in the treated group, while no normal pigs but many pigs with advanced injuries in the control group were observed.

Table 8 Growth state (average)

group treated
group Control
group Body weight
Start of test 40.1 kg 40.4 kg Body weight
Examiner 93.5 kg 89.6 kg

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Port setting Table 8

Body weight gain
during the test period 53.4 kg 49.2 kg Average
Feeding days 75.8 days 76.2 days Average body
per weight increase per
Day 704 g 646 g Putter conversion
ratio 3.30 % 3.40 %

Table 9

Condition of the esophageal area of the stomach:

group Parakeratosis + treated
group Control
group normal Parakeratosis ++ 2 0 Ver
let
tongue Erosion 10 4th ulcer 3 5 0 5 0 1

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The classification of injuries is the same as in Example 1.

Example 3

1. test procedure;

(.1) Test duration: 49 days

(2) Test pigs: 24 pigs weighing around 45 kg were equally divided into four groups. The Soh Wine Strains and Classification of the test groups are shown in Table 10. All male pigs were castrated.

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Table 10

Pig strains and classification of groups:

treated Group 1 Pig no. 1 - $ 304 Group 3 Pig no. 13th - $ 322 group It $ 2-311 dd 14th - $ 303 dd 3 - 308 <?. dd 15th - "$ 320 dd 4- 317 % dd 16 - 314 cj. Il 5 - 319 * It 17th - 310 pp
/ f. Il β - $ 313 It 18th - $ 307 Control group Group 2 Pig no. 7- $ 305 Group 4 Pig no. 19th »301 & dd 8- $ 316 » 20th - £ 324 dd 9- $ 321 It 21 - $ 312 dd $ 10- $ 302 It 22nd - £ 315 Il U- $ 323 dd 23 - 306 p It $ 12-309 dd 24 - $ 318

Tribes:

- 304 (Landrace 9th χ Large Yorkshire £) q χ Hampshire S

305 - 308 Landrace <j> χ Hampshire £

- 316 Landrace <£, χ Large Yorkshire 6

317 - 324 Landrace <£ χ Hampshire

born on Nov. 26th, 1997I

born on December 1st, 1997I

born on Nov. 25th, 1997I

born on Nov. 24, 1997I

(3) Putter and test groups:

As the basic feed, a practical powdery feed material containing the same components as shown in Table 1 of Example 1 was used. The pigs in groups 1 and 3 (treated groups) were fed the basic feed in which 0.5% PANA had been introduced, and the pigs in groups 2 and 4 (control groups) were fed only the basic feed. The composition of the basic forage is shown in Table 11 and the classification of the test groups in Table 12.

Table 11

Composition of the feed:

Crude protein Raw fat Crude fiber Raw ash 16.9 % 4.4 $ 3.7 % 5.6 %

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Table 12

Classification of the test groups:

group treated
group Control
group treated
group Control
group additive Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 O.5 # PANA none O.5 # PANA none

(4) Feeding method:

In each case, β pigs were fed in a crate with a solid floor measuring 2.7 mx 2.7 m with self-feeding, without Litter raised and free to drink water, with litter used prior to testing.

2. Test results:

As can be seen from Table IJ, the pigs of the treated groups had a better growth status and showed an 11.3 % higher body weight gain than those of the control groups, whereby the growth-promoting effect of the additive PANA can be seen. Table 14 shows the condition of the esophageal region of the stomach of each pig, and it was confirmed that the addition of 0.5 % PANA can effectively prevent gastric ulcer in pigs.

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Table 13

State of wholesomeness (pervasiveness):

group treated groups Control groups Groups 1 and 3 Groups 2 and 4 Body weight
Start of test 45.0 kg 45.3 kg Body weight
Examiner 91.0 kg 86.2 kg Body weight gain
wax during the
Test duration 46.0 kg 40.9 kg Average
Body weight
wax per day 939 g 835 g Feed conversion
relationship 3.46 % 3.47 # rounded weight 60.4 kg 57.5 kg rounded
percentage 66.3 % 66.7 #

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Table 14

Condition of the esophageal area of the stomach:

group Parakeratosls + treated group Control group normal Parakeratosis ++ 1 0 Ver partially on
eating 10 4th let
tongue Erosion 1 6th ulcer 0 (4) 0 1 0 1

The classification of the injury is the same as in Example 1. The words "partial pitting" denote those pigs which, despite having Parakeratosis ++ injuries, have a slightly evoked partial Own decay of the ceiling eplthels. Accordingly does the number in brackets overlap the number of pigs that caused Parakeratosis ++.

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Example 4

1. test procedure;

(1) Test duration: 42 days

(2) Test pig: 26 pigs weighing about 17 kg were divided into four groups. The tribes of the pigs and the classification of the test groups are given in Table 15. All male Piglets were castrated.

Table 15

Type or strains of piglets and classification of the test groups:

Groups:

Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4 A-31 t A-34 t A-36 pounds A-35 ί A-32 t A-38 t A-37 ί A-$ 39 A-33 ί B-40 t B-41 t B-42 ί B-4? $ B-44 pounds B-$ 46 B-45? B-47 pounds C-$ 52 C-$ 48 C-$ 50 C-51 t C-$ 53 C-49 0 C-54 lbs - C-$ 55 C-56 » -

Tribes:

A-

Large Yorkshire ^ χ Landraceo

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23015

Continuation of Table 15

B- Large Yorkshire ^ χ Landrace S. C- Large Yorkshire £ χ Landrace t

(3) Food and test groups:

A common powdered feed material containing the same components as contained in Table 1 of Example 1 was used. The composition of the basic forage is shown in the table 16 and the classification of the test groups is shown in Table 17.

Table 16

Composition of the feed:

Crude protein Raw fat Crude fiber Raw ash 17.6 % 5.3 % 2.3 % 5Λ%

Table 17

Classification of the test groups:

group treated
group Control
group treated
group Control
group Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 Group 4

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Port setting Table 17

additive 0.05 %
PANA none 0.05 %
PANA none

(4) Feed method:

6 pigs each of groups 1 and 4 and 7 pigs each of groups 2 and 3 became individual in a shed with a solid floor measuring 2.7 mx 2.7 m with self-feeding, without litter raised and free to drink water.

2. test results;

The growth status of the pigs in each group is shown in Table 18 and the addition of PANA improved obviously the state of growth and the feed conversion ratio and inhibited the occurrence of tail biting.

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Table 18

Growth state (average):

group treated groups Control groups Body weight
Start of test Groups 1 and 3 Groups 2 and 4 Body weight
Examiner 16.8 kg 17.0 kg Body weight gain
wax during the
Test duration 48.4 kg 43.9 kg Feed conversion ve
ratio 29.6 kg 26.9 kg Number of piglets
with tail bite p- $ 2.60 2.70 % O 7th

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Example 5

1. Test procedure:

(1) Test duration: 21 days

(2) Test pigs: 30 barrows weighing approximately 22 kg were equally divided into two groups. The tribes of the Barrows were the first Branch generation from Landrace χ Hampshire and the first branch generation from Landrace χ Large Yorkshire with the same litter as above.

(3) Food and test groups:

A common powdery feed material was used as basic food. The composition of the Basic forage and the classification of the test groups are given in Tables 19 and 20, respectively.

Table 19

Composition of the feed:

Crude protein Raw fat Crude fiber Raw ash 15.3 % 2.9 % 4.5 % 5.3 %

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Table 20

Classification of the test groups:

group treated group Control group additive Group 1 Group 2 1 % PANA none

Putter method:

15 barrows were placed in a shed with a solid floor of 2.7 mx 2.7 m with self-feeding, Raised without litter and free drinking of water. The tail of each barrow was removed on the 5th day after the Birth created.

2. Test results:

The growth status of the barrows of each group was shown in Table 21 and it is evident that a growth-promoting effect could be achieved by adding 1% PANA.

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Table 21

Growth state (average)

group treated
group Control
group Body weight
Start of test 22.2 kg 22.6 kg Body weight
Examiner 39.6 kg 36.5 kg Body weight
wax during the
Test duration 14.4 kg 13-9 kg Feed conversion
relationship 2.43 % 2.70 #

Next is the condition of the esophageal area of the
Stomach shown in Table 22 and it became a
Significant numbers of Barrows with normal stomachs were observed in the treated group, while no Barrows could be detected in the control group with normal stomachs.

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Table 22

Condition of the esophageal area of the stomach:

group Parakeratosis + treated
group Control
group normal Parakeratosis ++ 8th 0 eating 7th Ver
let
tongue Seschwur 0 7th 0 0 1

The classification of injuries is the same as in Example 1.

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Claims (3)

Claims Material for pigs that prevents gastric ulcers and promotes growth records that it contains polyacrylate as an active ingredient. 2. Material according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount of polyacrylate is 0.05
1.5 wt.% Of the material "is. 3. Material according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the polyacrylate
is selected from sodium polyacrylate and potassium polyacrylate.