DE2260998A1 - ENERGY-ABSORBING MIXTURE - Google Patents

Description

NATIONAL RESEARCH CORP., Concord Road, Billerica, Massachusetts, U.S.A.

Energy absorbing mixture

In general terms, the present invention relates to equipment those for the absorption of kinetic, mechanical energy are suitable. In particular, the invention is directed to mixtures of essentially vinyl halogeric polymers “those for the Damping of mechanical vibrations, impact energy and / or Sound energy are suitable. Such mixtures have a wide range Area of application as energy-absorbing materials in Attenuation of vibrations generated by machines in the absorption of impact energy, in the case of sound absorption and similar areas of application. The mixtures according to the invention can also be used for a variety of special purposes, for example in plate-shaped damping materials, padding against fall or impact, sound absorption in foundries' or other systems in heavy industry, suppression of structural vibrations, such as vibration suppression on the particularly stressed outer skin of aircraft, which is exposed to permanent cracking, noise suppression a wind tunnel and similar special fields of application.

The main ones, known so far and commercially available energy-absorbing materials based on vinyl halogen polymers are in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,2599,103 and 3,399,104

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described. In the first mentioned patent a mixture is described, which consists of a vinyl halogen / olefin copolymer, which is between 20 to 80% by weight based on the mixture, platelet-shaped filler with a diameter of 44 to Contains 250 microns. In a preferred embodiment of this known composition is also a suitable plasticizer is used in an amount which may correspond to the weight of the polymeric component. In addition, there is the preferred flake-form filler made of graphite and used in a particularly preferred embodiment is the graphite filler mixed with a relatively small proportion of powdery carbon black filler. In the other known patent we-d one Composition described consisting of a copolymer of vinyl halide and vinyl alkanoate, a suitable plasticizer and a combination of carbon black and graphite fillers.

i ^? For the relevant prior art, the mixtures from the patents mentioned also form the generally customary standard when the energy damping properties are considered. Nevertheless, these known mixtures show a number of serious disadvantages. For example, the known materials are not flexible and are regularly dented under load, from heels on shoes or occasional hammer blows. Accordingly, it is often necessary / to apply an additional layer of impact protection material over the acoustic damping mixture, which is considerable time, expensive and adds weight to the overall installation. Furthermore, due to the presence of graphite or carbon black in the known mixtures, only one color is possible for them, namely black. In addition, the damping properties of the known materials listed above tend to agree with the values given only in a relatively small temperature range. Although greater efforts have been made to overcome these difficulties and to provide blends that are on a cost / attenuation basis with the known

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Feet / graphite-containing polymer systems match or even are better, this goal has not yet been completed achieved. In contrast, the mixtures according to the invention provide energy-absorbing or damping mixtures which in many cases the known mixtures mentioned. - ' are superior. . . .—-., ... · ■

Essential object of the present invention is to provide neiB energy-absorbing mixtures * ..-.

Another object of the present invention is energy-absorbing mixtures. the. Base of a vinyl halogen

n ^Q

Polymers, whereby these mixtures are considered and / or has noise damping properties. .

Another object of the present invention is Energy-absorbing mixtures based on "vinyl-halogen polymers" provide which excellent energy absorption properties have a relatively wide temperature range.

Yet another object of the present invention is to to provide flexible, impact-resistant energy-absorbing mixtures based on Viijyl-halogen- ~ polymers.

Still another object of the present invention is therein to provide economical energy-absorbing mixtures / which have excellent vibration and / or noise damping properties exhibit.

Finally, there is another object of the present invention to provide new, inevitably layered structures therein with improved damping properties.

Still other objects and advantages of the present invention, _# result from the following description, examples, and

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the demands.

The inventive solution to these problems ainä. Mixtures, which consist of vinyl! ■ - • halogen polymer, a;: .- t, i V _f 'calibrator with a certain percentage of ring-shaped structure and a certain average molecular weight, and of a powder £ oVraif; on filler ßU3 glass . In a preferred embodiment, the energy-absorbing mixture additionally contains an organosilicon compound as a coupling agent.

Figure 1 is a graphic representation and explains the

Relatively extended effectiveness as a dampening agent for the accrued additions according to Examples 1 and Z- iA comparison to two of the known combinations *

Figure 2 is also a graphic? depiction

explains the calculated relative active values as a dampening agent for the inventive mixtures according to Examples 1 and 2, if the ^r u. are compulsorily arranged in joined shift systems.

The vinyl-halogen polymers which are suitable for the division of the energy-absorbing compositions according to the invention generally include all those polymers which, under normal conditions , are derived from the vinyl-halogen monomers; dJi «vinyl chloride, vinyl bromide, vinyl fluoride and viryllium chloride. These polymers include the copolymers of such vinyl halide monomers and other monomers that daw.it copolymerisieibrii "are those copolymers should have at least G ^r j;.. Ό vinyl balczenid included were To illustrate the copolymers of a, Vinylhalogenidn, vie as vinyl chloride with other lionoacix-n g ^ nann- ¹ ., such as vinylidene chloride; the vinyl esters of carboxylic acids such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, viryl butyrate and vinyl benzene;

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the esters of unsaturated acids, such as the alkyl acrylates, such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, allyl acrylate and the corresponding esters]? of methacrylic acid; the vinyl aromatic compounds such as styrene, orthochlorostyrene, para-chlorostyrene, 2,5-dichlorostyrene, 2,4-dichlorostyrene, para-ethylstyrene, vinyl-naphthalene and Ot / -M3 thy! styrene, the dienes such as butadiene and chlorobutadiene , the unsaturated amides such as acrylic acid amide and acrylic acid anilide; the unsaturated nitriles such as acrylonitrile; and the esters of Ch, β- unsaturated .rboxylic acids, such as the methyl, j'-thyl, propyi, butyl, amyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, allyl, methallyl, and Phenyl esters of maleic acid, crotonic acid and crotonic acid, and similar compounds. Particularly suitable for the invention are the high-quality copolymers of polyvinyl chloride and polymers which, by copolymerization of vinyl chloride, add up to about 5 % of the said resin weight with other vinyl or olefinic monomers; such as vinyl acetate, ethylene, vinyl propionate or vinylidene chloride.

The mixtures according to the invention additionally contain a plasticizer ¹ , which can consist of a single organic compound or a mixture of more than one organic compound. This plasticizer should have an overall concentration of ring structures, including aromatic, alicyclic, or heterocyclic structures, greater than about 30 % , and have an average molecular weight between 300 and 1000. The percentage of ring structures in the plasticizer can be calculated according to the known molecular structures for plasticizers by dividing the equivalent weight of the total carbon and hydrogen atoms of the ring components of the molecule by the molecular weight of the molecule - the resulting quotient is then multiplied by 100 * When performing these calculations, the equivalent weights of any polar groups that are present in de ~ · V / eichir: ach & rmolekül, such as the carboxy 1-Gruppo, (--COO) _?

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the phosphate group (PO ^), the ether group (-O-), the sulfide group (-3-), heteroatoms and similar groups are not counted. For plasticizers of unknown composition, the Percentage of ring structures can be determined with sufficient accuracy by infrared analysis of the plasticizer and. Comparison of the spectra compared to known standard connections. Specific examples for suitable plasticizers, their average molecular weight, and the percentage of ring structures are given in Table I below listed:

Table I. e MoIe-
nothing ~ ? ä-share of
Ring structures middle
kulargo
number 83.5 368 (ge3chät st) 59 (Ί.η.) ' ^μ 390 83.6 358 64.4 342

Trikros y! Phosphate

aromatic hydrocarbons
stoix-Cl (Mobilsol 66) ¹

Di (rnetir / lcycloliexyl) -ph.thaaat (l extol phthalate)

Dipropylene glycol-dibe:? Zcat

highly inolocular phthalic ■,

(Stallex k ~ 4) ^; - approx. DyQ 31.0 (IR) ¹

2-2- , - ⁷ i -tr j mothyl-1,3-

pentanediol-mono-iso- "/

butyral; 320 33 (IR) ⁴

high molecular weight polyester /

(Adracx 523) 690 31 (I.R.) '

1) Socoiiy Mobil Oil Co., Inc., New York, New York.

2) Dec-cy Products Divisions, Reichlcd Chemicals, Inc., Cambridge, i ^ aasachusetts.

3) Archer-Daniels-Midland Co., Minneapolis, Minnesota.

4) The % - proportion of ring structures was determined by infrared analysis.

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As will be readily recognized by one skilled in the art, plasticizers commonly used to plasticize vinyl halogen polymerone are specifically excluded from the present contemplation because they lack either a suitable number average molecular weight and / or a sufficient percentage of ring structures . For example, such well-known plasticizers as dioctyl phthalate, with a ring structure percentage of only about 25 %, dioctyl adipate, with no ring structure at all in the molecule, ethyl phthalyl glycolate, with a ring structure percentage of only about 4 % and an average molecular weight of only 280 excluded. It is not yet fully known on which wines the particular combination of Paratr-etern for the plasticizer, as indicated above, work in conjunction with the powdery filler made of glass, so that an energy-absorbing material of extraordinary effectiveness is obtained. However, it must be pointed out that the mixtures according to the invention are extremely dependent on the correct choice of the correct plasticizer in order to obtain the best energy-absorbing properties. For preferred embodiments of the mixtures according to the invention, plasticizers are used which have an average number of molecular weights between and 750.

In the context of the present invention, all powdered amorphous solids with a Siop content of over approximately 50 percent by weight are suitable as pill-like fillers made of glass, if they have a grain size between 0.25 mm and Q, 040 mm (+60 and - 325 Tyler mesh.). In the context of the present invention, the preferred grain limit for the fillers made of glass is below approximately 0.010 mm (140 mm mesh) amorphous silica sand and small balls barren hollow spheres of glass fall when SI® -tzrit & r- the OBSN said Begrenstmgen for ieilchendurchmesser fall. Such small

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Spheres and hollow spheres of glass siiv.i in more detail in US Patents 3 2> i5 910, 3,477,967, 3,355,315, in German Offcriiegungsschrift no. 1 9 ^ 5639 and domestic French Patent no. 1 ^r JK6 182 described.

* ■ ·

A final _component} which may added to the erf indungsgcinäßen energy absorbing mixtures (especially when the plasticizer used predominantly © fully consists of hydrocarbon) is a coupling agent, is suitable, a good adhesion between the vinyl halide polymer and powdery! Produce filler from glass, whereby the coupling agent must be compatible with the plasticizer used. Such coupling agents are well known to the person skilled in the art. do not need to be described in detail here. Generally speaking, the coupling agents used belong to the class of organosilicon compounds, commonly known as reactive. Silanes / in which the end groups of the silane molecule represent the reactive component that causes the glass filler to adhere to the vinyl-halogen-polyraer. Specific examples of commonly used coupling agents made from reactive silanes are gamma-raminoprcpyltriethoxy-silane, bis (beta-hydroxyethyl) gamnsaaminopropyltri-ethoxy-r.ilane, glycidoxypropyXtrimethoxy-silane, N-beta- (aminorithyl) -gamyltran-ilane gamma-ninopropyltriethoxy-silane, vinyltriethoxy-silane, vinyltrime bhoxysilane, gamma-chloropropyltrimethoxy-silane, gamma-chloriosbutylti'l-methoxy-silane, beta-cyclohexylethyltrimethoxy-ailane, methacryloxypropyl-silane, and similar silane. Further information concerning the use of coupling agents made from silanone in thermoplastic resins can be found in the following references: "Temperature Effect in Coupling Thermoplastics to Silanetreated Glass", Plueddemarm, iiod ^ n ^ lastiOR, August, 1966, p. 131 ; "Silane Coupling Agents for Reinforced Tnermoplaf; tion", Sterman and Kar3den, Ijod ^ ej ^ jr ^ a ^ stijcja, July, 1966, page 133 and "Silane Coupling Agents for Thormoplaoticfj Rosins", Pluoddcmann, Society of ehe Plastics Induütry, Inc _M Reinforccd Plaoticu Division _fc ProcGPdingE 20, Sect. 19-Λ (19Qj) * WiO already indicated

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the presence of coupling agents made of silanes is then special useful when the soft maclior-komponent.e of the mixture predominantly or largely completely has the character of a hydrocarbon.

The relative amounts in which the components listed above and the heat-absorbing mixtures according to the present invention are brought together can vary considerably and are dependent on such peculiarities, again particular plasticizers used, the number of molecular weights and the percentage of ring structures in "the plasticizer, the viscosity of the used vinyl halogon-Folymer" the Teilchenclurchrnesser of the glass filler used in · the effectiveness of the coupling agent in a state of bringing the adhesion of the VinyH-halo-polymer to the powdered ^ glass Flüllstoi'f _s, the extent of desired Energy absorption properties for the mixture, the temperature at which the mixture is to be used and similar circumstances SOO parts of powdered * glass-- Fill up to 100 parts of the calibrating component, and worm used between). 0.2 and 5.0 parts of silane coupling agent per 100 parts of glass filler. Within the scope of the present invention, preferred mixtures contain between 80 and 125 parts by weight of vinyl halogen polymer to 100 parts by weight of plasticizer, between 50 and 150 parts of powdered glass filler to 100 parts by weight of plasticizer, and if used, between 0.4 and 2.0 parts of coupling agent from 3ilari per 100 parts by weight of glass filler. ' ^:

Described ¥ ie already fully in the aforementioned patents, "the amount and the Ivecondere variety of ^Weichm; K: J>: r ₅ of the Kura i / eichffiachen the vinyl polymer ~ KoraponemT, ci2i used v; in; at ejiier energy absorbing. Mixture ucrinalerv ^ eiso se.hr sti-.rk decisive for the temperature at which the marinurn at Εηοτ ^ .ΐe-

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absorption for the obtained mixture occurs. Therefore, in order to provide general guidelines for carrying out the present invention, the following can be said:

a) the higher the percentage of ring structures in the Plasticizer at a given average col ^ kular weight number, the higher the temperature for the maximum energy absorption of the material will be;

b) the higher · the concentration of a given Veiobmacher » the lower the temperature for el a a maximum the energy absorption in the mixture;

c) the higher the average molecular weight

Plasticizer at a given iYo2.enta? .Rtc-il an Ring structures in a plasticizer, the higher it is the Tempere.door for the riaxinarR of the Knerglcc. '. absorption. of the mixture.

If you stick to Alteon, it is possible for the user of the invention to develop energy-absorbing mixtures within the scope of the present claims, which at the desired temperatures lead to a maximum for the energy-absorbing capacity. For a lot? Purposes je— coch. the temperatures at which the erf indimgsgen.iäßen vinyl halide mixtures can be used are "iin generally in the temperature range between 0 C and about 70 ⁰ C.

Iode's usual method of blending and preparing the vinyl halogen polymer blends is normally suitable, including: The blend of the present invention. If stiff or flexible mixtures are intended as final materials, the clan filler, coupling agent and v / oichinachor can be conventionally distributed in the ViriyX - halogen-Folymor. by pre-raising the powder, marrying! «" ipchco :) in a l ^ Anbury-rilsche] ·, treatment in a screw-type extruder

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or similar procedures. In the event that the final mixture is to be in the form of a plastisol, the ingredients can be dispersed in the organic continuous phase of the system, although it is normally preferred that the glass and coupling agent be initially bonded to the polymeric phase ". The silane coupling agent can also be used at the beginning to treat or coat the glass filler separately at the desired concentration, and then to add the vinyl halide polymer and the plasticizer components to the powdered glass treated in this way mix.

The Viny3.-Halcgen · polymer blends according to the present invention can also contain other known additives, such as dyes, stabilizers , fillers other than the powdery glass filler belonging to the invention, lubricants, ultraviolet light absorbents , Means to make the device fla / nmproof, brighteners, and similar known additives. For example? Such stabilizers as metal! - oxyäe, - salts and soaps, in which the metallic constituent is lead, barium, cadmium or calcium, organo-metallic and organic compounds, such as the alkyl and / or aryl phosphites, metal alkyl -aryl-phosphites, bariru-cadmium-laurot, triaryl-phosphates, the barium salt of castor acid _} Cadrniura-2-ethyl-hexanoate, tin-mercaptide, sodium-alkyl-phosphate, and similar compounds added to the mixtures according to the invention " The total concentration of such stabilizers and other additives as listed above is norroaleinvf.ise quite small in relation to the total mixture. For example, "is the Gosai.itkonzentration of ingredients unil _r additives which do not fl3chen to the speK.i _/ OBCn mentioned ^ actual Bentandteilftn invention geliorc-n, usually be less than about PO weight percent of the GesoKit.geminohes.

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_ 1 ρ ._

After the mixtures according to the invention have been prepared, these mixtures can be brought into various forms as required industrially. Conventional methods of handling and molding vinyl-ba3 ogeri polymer devices, such as injection molding, extrusion, plastisol casting, molding under pressure, grinding, calendering, slush molding ) , pulling through. Immersion, coating in a fluidized bed, coating by an electrostatic spray, and poor methods are generally suitable for shaping the compositions of the invention. In addition, shaping and construction techniques such as slitting, machining, and lamination can be used for post-processing.

Some examples which illustrate the invention follow, however do not restrict it under any circumstances.

example 1

jteJJÜigl ^ L'fcjlJj-.ü parts

Vygen 313, a general purpose one Homopolymer of vinyl chloride manufactured by General Tire an-d Rubber Co., Akron, Ohio 115

Admex 523, an aromatic polyester plasticizer, having an average molecular weight of 690 and a percent ring structure of approximately 31, manufactured by Archer-Daniels-Midland Co., iSinneapoli: ^1. , Minnesota 100

Supercil 160, a powdery roughened glass with a grain size of about 0.10 mm (160 Tylcr mesh.), provided by Pennsylvania Glase

Sand Corp., New York, Ngv / York 230

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Components ί £ ί £

Z-6Q4O, a silane rapping agent (glycldoxypropyltrimethoxy-silane), made by the

Dow Corning Corp., Midland ,. Michigan 0.6

organic stabilizer. 2

blue dye 1

These above-genannton ingredients are thoroughly in a rib mixer mixed at a temperature of about 8Q ⁰ C, and the thus obtained powdery 'v ^ rjnablene mixture is then used as leaf-shaped layer extruded be.i eirjor melt temperature of approximately 170 ⁰ C, wherein the thickness of the , cooled sheet is approximately 4.57 mm. Part of the sheet is reworked and deformed under pressure between v / oak plates to a thickness of 23.37 mm.

From this specimen deformed under pressure, various specimens with the dimensions 12 _? 7 203 Bim (with an accuracy of + 0.025 mm), each of these test specimens made of polymer mixture was then glued separately to individual sides of a test specimen made of steel, each steel specimen having the dimensions 1 * 59 mm 12.7 mm-χ 228 mm "an epoxy resin system, equal proportions of Epon 828 resin and Epon V-40 Aushärtemi'ttel, both products of Shell Chemical Co contained, - _f was used as an adhesive, and v is the resulting composite test samples / ere about neighb cured at room _{temperature,},} and thereafter cured for about 2 hours in an oven at about 6O ⁰ C * after cooling to room temperature, the be extended with bämpfungsmaterial plated steel sheet subjected to the dynamic test after Beipsiel V "

The vinyl-halogen mixture according to Example I had a deep royal blue color and was sufficiently flexible _? so that

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press, which were made into the surface by means of a hammer blow or fingernagi'l notches, largely completely recovered. This stands in Gogenaac ^ to the well-known graphite and Vinyl mixtures containing carbon black, as mentioned at the beginning, den:.;, These remained permanent under the stated test conditions and deeply dented.

-LJ

This example largely corresponds to the example I ₁ with the modification that the crfinriungEgeriiüßi; Mixture of the xolgönae stock ', hurry looks at:

Weight -

BestnrKit '? Il £ ·. SlSiLS.

Option 44O ₅ a homopolymer of vinyl chloride suitable for general purposes, manufactured by

dor Monsanto Co., St. Louis, Misnourii 85

Mobilsöl 66, an emollient made from aromatic oirina Kohleriv; afi, sersto: ff with an average molecular weight 5; number vovi about 390 "one PiOzentante.il on ring structure of ungof; \ hr 69.ν; ο.ε by infrared spectralai3lv3e bestiüUut was; diesoi * Woichmacher is at dor> ': iocony Hobil Oil Co., Inc., New Yoric, New York available 100

Supersll 160, a powder. Cu ^ 'iriges glass 187

Z-6O2O, a coupling agent made from W-BeIa- (aniinoethyl) Gamrca-ai /) rn.o-propyltrJ.metboxy-Silari.,

from Dow Coming Corp., Midland, Michigan 0.5

organic stabilizer Λ, 'j

dye, flame retardant 8.5

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The resulting plastisol mixture was then poured onto wrapping paper, spread with knives and in an oven fused about 195 ° C. The solid plate obtained was 4.57 mm thick, very flexible and deeply colored.

Beis pie l i l_l

Test samples according to Example I were produced. The energy absorbing mixture according to the present invention according to Example III was prepared for comparative purposes; in order to compare the mixtures according to the invention against those mixtures which contain ¥ eich] nacher components: which are outside the range as defined by the above criterion for the percentage of ring structures. Corresponding mixtures were prepared analogously to Example I with the modification that as. Plasticizer diootyl phthalate was used instead of the calibrator made of polyester according to Example I. The corresponding diociryl phthalate had an average molecular weight of 390 and a percentage of the ring structure of about 25 _; this last value is below the minimum percentage. Ring structures as required for the plasticizers according to the invention.

This example illustrates that it is desirable in.Verbindung rnit Eohlenwassers tof f V / e.ichaaehern siliciumorganisehe Kopplungslüittc ^5! zu vervvenäon .. Accordingly, a "Gü: nir.ch naoli example]. II he.fgoßte] Ix, but without the use of the organosilicon K

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The test samples according to Examples I, II and IV were the Subjected to tests:

The system damping factor Ύ) was determined over a wide range of test temperatures by testing samples of the mixtures on an Üruel and K.jaer Complex Modulus apparatus of type 3930. The percentage of critical damping for the damped systems was determined using the conversion equation in "Development of a Viscoelastic Composition having Superior Vibration-Damping Capability", Ball ans Salyer, T]] JL.AiH £ II Gf ₁ the Ac oust : i cal _ι Society of America, 39, 4 -, (1966i page 666. The gonannto equation pre-ties the percentage to critical

damping
Damping; with the / laivtor Tf) ₁ . by the formula:

J5c / c _o = 50 T ^

It is well known to those skilled in the art that a % o / c value equal to or greater than 1.0 corresponds to complete attenuation. In the article by Ball and Salyer referred to above, it was predicted that for vinyl polymer systems, which contain silicon dioxide or glass as fillers. ? ic / c -words larger than Ί are not to degenerate. V. 'which can be found in the drawings. The glass-containing fillers containing mixtures according to the present invention surpass the properties predicted by these authors by a significant fraction. In fact, these properties even exceed the maximum ^ c / c values and / or the breadth of the temperature range at which) oc / c Ίλ- 1 is. Although it is not shown Figure Ln boGonders, was OCE rnaxiir.ale percentage for the critical Db '^ pfung nacli for the mixture! Example Jl which unorganischem a Kombinatioji from Kohlenx / c.ssei-f-.Loff-soft Buchacher vuaI Cilic! Coupling means contains, about 3, '/ at 20 ^L ' ü and at a frequency of 1000 IJs. and with a ratio for the thickness of Polyraer / otahl of 2: 1. Under the same test

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See conditions for the device according to Example IV, in dom only the coupling agent is missing, a value of about 7.1, D, h ,, the presence of the combination of hydrocarbon ·· v / calibrator and silicon organic coupling agent is essential and surprisingly useful for the mixtures according to the invention? If, on the other hand, organosilicon coupling agents can be used in conjunction with other plasticizers. !!, for example with a polyester plasticizer as in Example then the degree of increasing improvement for the cushioning properties is when present at all, only very slightly.

There are numerous uses for the energy absorbent Resins made according to the present invention; for example in the damping of vibrations and in reducing impact era ·.

) AjJS / ^ cd

This "refers to the extended deformation of a layer of energy absorbing mixture * which is applied to a plate; is that Biegungs- performs ~ vibrations \ iie in" Mechanical Properties of Polymers _"t, Nielsen * FteinhoM Corp ,, page 150 (19ß2) running the damping factor ^U K "/ damping factor {%) is proportional to the ratio of the damping module. of the energy-absorbing mixture from the elasticity module of the vibrating plate. This damping factor is therefore also proportional to the square of the ratio for the thickness of the energy-absorbing mixture to the thickness of the vibrating plate. Kin example by- a typical extended DäiapfungsanwenduFig for erfina ^ + iäage · ^ Hiä.i3en mixtures consisting Sm a plate rnitte3, s relatively rigid adhesive, on a swinging part of a machine such as a hopper ^ a conveyor belt or, ähnliehen a

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Gorät is appropriate.

This concerns a shear-off deformation of at least one layer of energy-absorbing mixture, which is candv / ich-like?: Between two relatively stiff plates, of which at least one carries out bending vibrations. In this case, with the selection of suitable abrasions sun, το η in order to optimize the shear, lot the system duiupfungsfaktor, 7 | , depending on the material damping factor,?}. ". · An example of a forced layer damping device; on the basis of the gene according to the invention: ' /.Le crl; v »a washers made of 8tn.hl. The resulting uitralrLur v'ir'J aii'schlitßend firmly with a swinging stick, for example with a boat hull, an engine: 'se! Each on an airplane, a Vindkanal or similar Vo.' -yichtunger), U) u einft sand \ / ioliai ⁱ tige structure to biidoru bui which the mixture aua V: tnyl-ha.logen represents the core. In this ireioe v / ith the Polyniergemisch a exercised g _t

In this application the damping factor is E ", for the energy-absorbing © mixture the proper

dl β

which is considered, obv / ohl in the case of the / outer Structure also the energy-absorbing device in the contains the above-described forced shear-off foi-m which Percentages for the critical attenuation of the enei * gieab3orbaerenae: i Qeraische. "Is also of importance. As an example, Xlir the Reduction of the impact ei r:; is using, the invention - geifiäßon mixture.e serves the exterior one, "manhole, the

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can be overspray with the mixtures according to the invention. if the exterior of the coating can be added to the mixture if desired firmly glued to a layer of metal, which the sound-absorbing properties of the system are further improved,

The following example explains the production of forced- measured layers joined together with a damping system; using the mixtures according to the invention,

Bei Piel VI

Samples of the mixtures according to Examples I and II ö.en be brought .in plates of 6.35 min thickness. Next, each plate from the polyvinylchloride sample is sandwiched and glued to the opposite surfaces of two 6.35 mm thick plates made of soft steel. The epoxy resin system can be used as an adhesive and curing agent for the production of the expanded. Attenuation test samples according to Example I can be used «Alternatively, energy-absorbing mixtures of polyvinyl chloride can be glued to the forced-joined plates made of rigid material by thermal bonding.

In accordance with the article "Bumping ¹ of Panels", Chapter XIV, Noise and Schwin / ^ measurement control; Eric E. Ungar. (McGraw-Hill Book Company) the percentage of critical]. " Damping for the forcibly joined layers of such a system as described above, predicted and calculated from the knowledge of the extensive damping properties of the corresponding polymeric mixtures, as determined in Example V therefore Figure IJ provides the calculated impact of forcibly ogether ~ Be assembled lights based on d-rr extensive Däir.pfungneißcn ^ cbaften for the corresponding Gg: ;;;; oh polyvinyl chloride, such as;?!. ee in example V is precisely determined «.

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BATH ORIGINAL

Claims (1)

226 η 9 98 Pn tones η n.'Tpruehc . 'Encr ^ ieaborbering mixture with organic plasticizer with a mean molecule α. c weight number between 300 and 1000 and with a percentage of nn ring structures greater than about 30; z'v / r-clit-Ti 70 and 190 parts by weight of vinyl halogen polymer ₅ based on 100 parts of Y / elchrr.achcr; and between 100 wk,] 800 weight stexlenan powdery filler aur, GIa. ¹ : with a size of 0.2 mm / inch and 0.04 o / n {- \ G0 dig -325 Tyler mc; «h.) To 100 parts of Weic] r;, '? Chk? R. 2, EnorßJGTibsorbiorci'df.ü Geni ^ ch according to claim 1, characterized in that c ^! ate the vinyl-halo ^ Gri-polymer from Vinylci; lo.rid-Pclyiucr consists. 3. EnergieabocrbiercvjdeG mixture according to claim 2, characterized by £ okennzeieJiTjut, claß dos vinyl chloride-l-'olyucr from oinerr » tiouo pe Ίγΐ-λο r beGi; eht. A. EnergiealjGcrbiorondeG mixture according to. Claim 1, characterized in that that the Wc: i.obiiiv: .ehor · e; ine average molecular frev / icii pay between 300 and 750 anfv / eiot. N. Enei '^ ieiib.'iorbiere.ndui; Gev-iiscl) nnch /.n. ^r ; p: - 'uch 1, thereby f, e-kenn>O-ic;]] netj dop df, r filler avr. luilvoririir ^ iigem Ql ^rj .z ejv.v grain size rv / i. «clu ii 0.10 and 0.0 ^; :,. ■ ■. · (1-1-40 bi;:> -3? ^C ) Tylt.r m-? FJi.) Au: Γν. ¹ ei '-. [·, / 0982 5 / 09CiO BATH 6, energy-absorbing Gc-mix still claim 1, characterized that the mixture additionally 0.2 'to 5.0 weight share silicon or anischeni coupling agent on 100 toilets Contains glass filler. is. ■ 0. Enei ^ -ieabaorbierendes mixture according to claim 1 m: it zv-ri see BO and 125 parts by weight of vinyl halogen polymor per 100 parts of plasticizer; Between 50 and 450 weight of glass filler to 100 parts plasticizer * 9 »energy-absorbing noise according to claim 8» thereby gel-ie'-ai " ^, eicbaüb> that ■ the öemiecli an additional 0.4 to 2.0 parts by weight of silicon-organic chemical coupling agent to 100 parts Contains glass filler. iö * !! iriercieabsorbierenden construction with sumindrst one layer of a mixture according to aprtich 1> characterized by "'Yes the energy-absorbent mixture between layers is brought the outer wcGr> ntlich stifferiia material bostehon _? QlB das encrgieäbsörbiüreiide G.vriisch. * 11. In this way, the structure absorbs marriage, according to Aru ^ pruch grikt.üDEoiöhneti that the SuhichUm from st © i.f (> a * £ -i'i Ka-teriul αυε Motall bcöfeehcn » BATH ORIGINAL