DE2252179A1 - Resilient composite flooring e.g. strips or tiles - is of three layers including resilient core and is sufficiently rigid for uneven floor surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

A floor covering, esp in the form of strips or tiles, is a composite, three-layer structure; the top layer is of textile, esp. natural or synthetic fibres in woven, knitted, non-woven felt or tufted carpeting form, and the intermediate layer is of a substance which is plastic at room temp. and which esp. contains additions of wax, resins, paraffin wax and fillers; the bottom layer, bonded to the intermediate layer, is elastic.

Description

Flooring and storage. for its manufacture The invention relates to a nocleubelag consisting of at least three layers in the form of strips or Tiles. It relates to a method for producing such a floor covering.

are already floor coverings made of a top layer of textiles and a permanently plastic lower layer connected to the upper layer. Such floor coverings are characterized by good dimensional and shape stability high rigidity and good adaptability - also to un @even sub-floors the end. Disadvantages of these known floor coverings are their low impact sound insulation, low thermal insulation and, due to the hard underlayer, low tread elasticity.

Furthermore, floor coverings are already made of textiles Upper layer and an elastic lower layer connected to the upper layer, e.g. a foam. Such floors have good tread elasticity, good thermal insulation and sound insulation. They also have the disadvantage Due to the elastic properties of the underlayer, that it sticks on uneven surfaces Cannot adapt floors sufficiently, have insufficient rigidity, What is particularly important for a tile-shaped floor covering, and a bad one Have dimensional stability, due to different dimensional changes of upper and underlayer that occur with changes in temperature and humidity.

The object of the invention are floor coverings, welchc the advantages of the known with them, but avoid their disadvantages, i.e. floor coverings that are dimensionally and are dimensionally stable, adapt well to an uneven floor, good rigidity have good elasticity, heat insulation and impact sound insulation.

This object is achieved according to the invention by a floor covering, the upper layer consisting of textiles, one connected to the upper layer, in the temperature range det application plastic middle layer, which has a cold flow bat, and an elastic, compact or foamed one connected to the middle layer Contains lower layer.

The floor covering according to the invention can be any top layer Woven, knitted, non-woven, felt or carpet made of synthetic or natural Fiber included. A tufted carpet is particularly suitable. Here, the bottom this carpet has a special coating that binds the yarns and fibers, or the permanently plastic intermediate layer can be designed in this way or applied in this way that it effects the simultaneous binding of the yarns and fibers.

The intermediate layer preferably consists of a permanently plastic one Plastic, e.g. made of an atactic polyolefin, possibly together with paraffins, Waxes, resins and fillers. It causes because of its permanently plastic character a compensation of the stresses that occur when the temperature or humidity changes between the top and bottom layer and thus guarantees, among other things, optimal lying behavior of the bolt lining.

The elastic underlayer advantageously consists of a foamed one Plastic, e.g. made of foamed polyurethane, foamed polyvinyl chloride or lined natural or synthetic latex. The density of the foams is between 100 and 2000 kg / cbm, preferably 200 to 1000 kg / cbn. The bottom of this elastic The lower layer can optionally be smooth, embossed or printed.

The procedure for creating such a flooring consists in: that the top layer coated directly or indirectly with the permanently plastic mass and the underside of the coating is then smoothed. Through this process unevenness and differences in thickness of the top layer are eliminated.

This smoothed, permanently plastic intermediate layer can be applied to known methods, the elastic underlayer in liquid or pasty The shape is knife-coated in the desired layer thickness and, depending on the raw material used, , gelled, vulcanized or crosslinked. It also depends on the source material, if in the case of a foamed underlayer desired, the spreading paste or liquid previously beaten into a foam (latex PVC) or with the addition of propellants the reaction is driven (e.g. polyurethane).

Another method is to use the elastic backsheet as a prefabricated, compact or foamed sheet according to also known processes to be applied to the permanently plastic intermediate layer. If necessary, you hedge here an additional adhesion promoter.

Example 1 Permanently plastic middle layer of atactic polypropylene 50 parts by weight of hydrocarbon resin 32.5 parts by weight of melting range: 98-1040C polyethylene 11.0 parts by weight paraffin 6.5 parts by weight Sp 54 C asbestos flour 1.4 parts by weight chalk 100 parts by weight The binder components are mixed in a heated agitator vessel at approx. 175 ° C melted and mixed together, initially the atactic polypropylene and all other components are stirred into the melt. Under The chalk is added in portions to constant stirring and the asbestos oil is stirred in. At 1750C the coating compound had a viscosity of approx. 4800 cp.

The mass cooled to approx. 1400C is converted to a fully synthetic one Tufted velor carpet applied using the transfer process.

The application weight is 1 150 g / m². By pressing against a cooled one Roller, the still hot intermediate layer is smoothed.

After it has cooled down to room temperature, this intermediate layer is applied a floating polyurethane paste with the following recipe applied: 100 parts of a Polyether polyol 150 parts barite 150 parts chalk 1.5 parts water 0.05-0.5 Parts of triethylenediamine are 34 parts of a 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate all components without isocyanate mixed well in a stirrer, it is expedient the procedure is to introduce the polyol and the other components one after the other stirs into the liquid. The resulting highly viscous liquid (paste) and the isocyanate are fed to the mixing head by two parallel dispensing systems fed, in which the components are intimately mixed, on the to be coated Interlayer applied and distributed evenly so that the application weight 1200 g / m2. The rate of reaction depends on the amount and type of activator determined and the components reacted to form the polyurethane. So you get a driven one Foam with a total weight of about 600 kg / cbm, i.e. a layer height of 2 mm. The floor covering coated in this way is preferably made into tiles of Forxuat 50 x 50 cm punched.

Example 2 Permanently plastic middle layer atactic polybutene 30 Parts by weight of atactic polypropylene 25 parts by weight rosin resin 37.5 parts by weight isotactic polypropylene 5.0 parts by weight Ca stearate 2.5 parts by weight Aerosil (fine distributed SiO2) 1.0 part by weight barite 150 parts by weight in a heated agitator vessel the binder components are melted at approx. 180 ° C and blended together, whereby APP and APB are initially submitted and all other liomponenten in the melt be stirred in. The barite is added in portions with constant stirring and stirred in the Aerosil. At 1800C the coating compound has a viscosity of approx. 5100 cp.

The mass, cooled to approx. 145 ° C, is ilt on a tufted carpet with the help of a heated knife squeegee that is set so that an application weight of 1400 g / m² is obtained. By pressing against a cooled roller the still hot intermediate layer is smoothed.

After cooling to room temperature, this intermediate layer is applied a whipped latex foam with the following recipe is applied: 55 parts of methyl cellulose (6,000; 2.5% strength) 5 parts of highly concentrated alkylphenyl polyglylcol ether 110 parts Vulcanization paste 157 E 130 parts Appretan T.S. (Finishing agent based on synthetic resin) -400 parts centrifuge latex 60% inking units max. 250 parts chalk The order of the products is the mixing sequence. The foam layer is evenly so on the intermediate layer doctored out that the application weight is 900 g / m². The foam volume is before mechanically beaten with air supply so that it is 300 kg / cbm and thus a layer thickness of the elastomer foam of 3 mm. Then there are 50 parts in the foam compound a 10 show ammonium chloride solution injected as a precipitant.

Gelling takes place under the infrared field for approx. 1-2 minutes at 120-150 ° C. The latex compound can now be embossed. It is then vulcanized for 20 minutes at 140 ° C. After cooling, the floor covering is punched into tiles 50 x 50 cm.

Example 3 Permanently plastic intermediate layer polyisobutylene (e.g. I3. Oppanol 13 50 of the 15 parts by weight of atactic polypropylene (BASF) 42.5 parts by weight of root resin 37.5 parts by weight of low molecular weight polyethylene 5 parts by weight of heavy spar 100 parts by weight Chalk 33.5 parts by weight Be in a heated agitator tank the binder components melted at approx. 175 ° C and mixed together, initially the APP is presented and all other components are stirred into the melt will. The chalk and barite are added in portions while stirring constantly admitted. At 175 ° C, the coating compound is approx. 5,400 cp.

The mass, cooled to approx. 150 ° C, is converted to a fully synthetic one Tufted loop carpet applied directly with the help of a heated squeegee, which is set so that 12 receives an application weight of 820 g / m². By The hot intermediate layer is smoothed by pressing it against a cooled roller.

After cooling to room temperature, this intermediate layer is applied a looped PVC foam with the following recipe applied: 100 parts polyvinyl chloride 33 parts of dioctyl phthalate, 12 parts of benzyl butyl phthalate, 1 part of fatty acid derivative 0-5 Parts epoxy plasticizer 20 parts chalk 3 parts barium-cadmium stabilizer From the A paste is produced according to known methods and the components listed doctored onto each intermediate layer in such a way that the application weight is Goo g / qin. Dns foam volume is mechanically beaten beforehand with a supply of air and gelled after knife application by a known method. The volume weight is 200 kg / cbm, the layer thickness of the foam 3 mm.

The floor covering produced in this way is ideal for sheet goods.

Claims (17)

* Claims öi. Floor covering, in particular in the form of sheets or tiles, thereby characterized in that he has a top layer consisting of textiles, one with the top layer connected in the temperature range of the application plastic middle layer and a contains elastic underlayer connected to the middle layer. 2. Floor covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the top layer a woven fabric made of natural or synthetic fibers, knitted fabric, Filt or a carpet st @@ f is. 3. Floor covering according to claim 2, characterized in that the top layer is a tuiting carpet. 4. Floor covering according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that geken @ the underside of the topsheet contains a coating that binds the yarns and fibers. 5. Floor covering according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the intermediate layer contains a permanently plastic plastic. 6, Bodenbe @ ag according to claim 5, characterized gekennzcichnct that the intermediate does not additionally contain waxes, resins, paraffins and fillers. 7. Floor covering according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that ¢ nnzeicllnet the intermediate layer contains polyolefins as plastic plastics. 8. Floor covering according to ALlspruch 7, characterized in that the plastic intermediate layer made of atactic polypropylene, optionally together with waxes, resins and fillers. 9. Floor covering according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that the intermediate layer is designed so that it allows simultaneous bonding of yarns and fibers of the top layer. 10. Floor covering according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that that the lower layer consists of compact or foamed elastic plastics. 11. Floor covering according to claim 10, characterized in that the lower layer of compact or foamed polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride or latex, optionally together with fillers. 12. Floor covering according to Hnepruch 10 or 11, characterized in that the underside of the underlayer is smooth, embossed or printed. 13. Floor covering according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that that the intermediate layer and the underside light by an adhesive or an intermediary are connected to each other. 14. A method for producing a floor covering according to one of the claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the material forming the intermediate layer converted into a flowable state by heating and then directly on the underside the top layer is applied and, if necessary, smoothed. 15. A method for Ilerstcllung a floor covering according to one of the claims i to 13, characterized in that the intermediate layer is made of the material a self-supporting film is made and then with the underside of the top layer is connected. 16. The method according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the material forming the underlayer directly onto the underside of the intermediate layer is applied. 17. The method according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that that a self-supporting film is made from the material forming the lower layer this is then connected to the underside of the intermediate layer.