DE2251608B2 - - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a transmitting and receiving device for data transmission with a transmitter and with a receiver, in which the transmission and reception frequency are the same size and at one and the same point in time either only transmitted or only received and in which a transmitter and a receiver are connected to a filter serving both as a transmit and a receive filter, which with the help of an electronic switch consisting in particular of amplifier stages that can be switched over without overlap, depending on a control criterion characterizing the readiness for transmission or reception of the transceiver, either to a first connection or to a second connection can be connected, the connections each being connectable to the incoming or outgoing part of a four-wire transmission path or jointly to a two-wire transmission path.

Such transceiver devices can in particular be used in substations of Telecontrol systems in which several stations are connected via one and the same line or via a conference line are connected to receive telecontrol signals transmitted over the conference line or to submit reports to the conference management.

In the case of telecontrol equipment, it is often common to have several people working on one and the same conference line connected substations, e.g. with the help of a calling procedure, only a single one is allowed to send granted. For this purpose, control criteria are established in such telecontrol devices, which characterize a transmission authorization or readiness to receive of the relevant station. this is z. B. in the circuit arrangement for transmitting signals over a common signal channel This is the case in remote control systems according to German Auslegeschrift 1169 009.

In the case of transmitting and receiving circuits of the type described in more detail above, a Own transmit and receive filters required, which is particularly important in the case of one that is often sought Downsizing the equipment can lead to difficulties. There was already a transmitting and receiving device proposed with a transmitter and a receiver (P 2119 411.6-32), at which is either only sent or only received at one and the same time, and at the one SendefUter connected downstream of the transmitter and a receive filter connected upstream of the receiver are provided are. The transmitter and receiver are connected via a hybrid circuit to both a transmitter and a receiver Also connected as a reception filter, the filter is connected with the help of an electronic switch

depending on a control criterion characterizing the readiness to send or receive of the send / receive device, it is optionally connected to a first connection or to a second connection, the connections being connected to the incoming or outgoing part of a four-wire transmission path or jointly to a two-wire transmission path. With HiUe a control criterion, which is already available in a fine remote control device, the outgoing line can be connected to the filter while a telegram is being sent or the incoming line can be connected to the filter while the line is ready to receive, and the line that is not required can be disconnected - »5 stated that at one and the same point in time either only sending or only receiving takes place, exploited to get by with a common send / receive filter

catching device can be adapted particularly easily to different line levels without the possibly In addition, the calibrated setting of the switching amplifier needs to be changed

In a further embodiment of the invention, the transceiver is designed such that the amplifier stages are negative-current push-pull circuits in the basic emitter circuit each of which the emitters are connected to a control potential.

The invention is explained in more detail using the exemplary embodiments shown in the figures. It shows

F i g. 1 is a block diagram and

2 shows a circuit diagram of a transceiver with receiver input that can be switched off.

For the transmission of message and command telegrams in telecontrol systems you can z. B. unreinforced Four-wire or two-wire lines are available

Transceiver device also in larger telecontrol systems, in which a large number of stations to one and the same transmission path or to one Conference line are connected.

An embodiment of the device according to the older proposal offers the possibility of a light one Adaptation to different line levels.

Such a transmitting and receiving device

incoming and outgoing lines see a large »o. The ones issued by a telecontrol station Achieve return loss that allows the DC signs to be accordingly

F i g. 1 on the transmission side by means of a signal transmitter 6 e.g. m amplitude-modulated 3000 Hz characters implemented and fed into the outgoing line Fl »5. A signal receiver is set on the receiving end 5 converts the incoming 3000 Hz characters back into direct current characters and outputs them Evaluation of a telecontrol device not shown in detail in the figure. From several to the

can be implemented with relatively little effort 3o line connected similar send / receive and offers a wide range of possible uses, there is only one in the figure th. shown.

The object of the invention is to provide a transmission and The circuit according to FIG. 1 contains the genera-

Receiving device of the above-described tor 7 with the transmitter containing the transmitter modulator Art while maintaining the advantages mentioned 35 of FIG. 6, the signal receiver 5, the transmitting and Empim With regard to low effort and operational reception bandpass filter 3, switching security on the send and receive side to perfect further. amplifiers 1 and 2 with line transformers 16 and

The transmitter and the receiver can be directly 26. The bandpass filter 3 serves as a transmission filter for the pulse control connect to the transmit and receive filter, shaping. As a reception filter, it also filters the provided that this is the 40 arriving within the signal channel, connected to the receiver Evaluation device allows. This is, for example, signals off and transmits them without further request.

then the case when a downstream remote control device only responds to character telegrams that contain the address of the relevant station.

According to the invention, the transceiver is designed such that the transmitter and the receiver are coupled to one another at the input of the filter and that the receiver through the

mung. Signals from other signal channels, voice frequencies or out-of-band interference are blocked.

The electronic changeover switch is formed by the two switching amplifiers 1 and 2, which can be mutually blocked by the control criterion St of a telecontrol station not shown in detail in the figure. Since this is the reinforcement of each

Control criterion is lockable. For this purpose, in particular, an unblocked amplifier is fully available

If there is a lockable amplifier stage at the input of the, the output stage of the transmitter 6

Recipient. and the input stage of the receiver 5, in particular

These measures result in a transmitter which is the first stage of an input amplifier,

Receiving facility that provides funding.

55 Without control voltage St , amplifier 2 is filled and the receiver output from the transmitter blocks; the reinforcer! 1 is permeable. One on is decoupled. coming part Fl of the four-wire transmission

In a further development of the invention, an incoming 3000 Hz character step is sent

Receiving device designed such that the input transformer 16, after amplification

Transmitter with high output resistance and connected to switching amplifier 1, to bandpass filter 3 and further

stamped output current and the receiver with ho- to signal receiver 5. Here the signal continues

hem input resistance and impressed input - amplified, rectified and controlled, according to a

voltage are operated and that the connection correction of the level-dependent step length in a

the receiver and the transmitter to two connection control circuit, one via a Schmitt trigger

pairs one on the side of the transmitter and receiver 6 ₅ output transistor. This gives over the line £

lying, adapted closed transmitter of the reference potential to the remote control device.

Filters is interchangeable. By means of these measures, the center of the emitter resistors 53, 54

there is the advantage that the sending and receiving is via the collector of the

5 ^ 6

switched control transistor 82 to minus potential. a 2 or a 5, which allow the transformers, if

When switching the device to send via the wishes to also act as a simple line transformer

Control line Sf will now drive through the control circuit.

82, 83, 84 of the receiving amplifier 1 and the emp- The emitter of transistor 11 is on the

catcher entrance blocked at the same time. 5 resistor 13, the emitter of transistor 12 across

When the remote control unit sends a telegram the resistor 14 to the collector of the transistor

wants, she enters an 82 run in the telecontrol device anyway. The emitter of transistor 21 is above

already for other purposes, in particular for the character of the resistor 23, the emitter of the transistor 22

terization of a transmission authorization or ready to receive - via the resistor 24 on the collector of the transit

suicidal. Existing control criteria on line io stors 81.

St, which blocks the switching amplifier 1 and the blocking The resistors 13 and 14 are stepped

tion of the switching amplifier «2 cancels. The receptively adjustable resistor 15, the resistors

ger5 contains a switching amplifier 23 and 24 as the input stage, which can be set in stages

ker, with the help of which he bridges with the presence of authorization to send resistance 25, so that the amplifier

nis is blocked by the control criterion. 15 the switching amplifier can be adjusted.

Instead of the switching amplifier, it is also possible to use the control potentials for the two switching amplifiers

their electrically controllable switches 1 and 2 are provided by the collector potentials

the one that may be contained in a two-stage control circuit at another point in the receiver.

catcher, e.g. B. be arranged at the receiver output NEN, emitter side directly at the reference potential

can. ao "-" and collector side each via a resistor 84

The transmitter 6 is now ready for operation and the remote or control station 87 connected to the supply voltage “+” can form its telegram via the line S transistors 81, 82. Give the first transistor 81 to the transmitter 6. The transmitter 6 contains a transmitter at the base through the control criterion St control demodulator, which controls the 3000 Hz voltage of the genebar. The base of the second transistor 82 is located on the rators7 keys. The keyed 3000 Hz tone arrives at a voltage divider of the first via the bandpass filter 3 after amplification in the switching transistor 81. This collector voltage component is amplified 2 via the output transformer 26 which is made up of the resistors 85 and 86.
going part F 1 of the four-wire transmission path. The arrangement of the two switching amplifiers between

After the end of the telegram, the telecontrol device takes filter 3 and lines of the four-wire transmission

the control voltage Λ away. The switching amplification path offers advantages for the adaptation of the

Ker 2 is blocked, the switching amplifier 1 and the in the device to the various line arenas and types

Receiver5 included switching amplifier permeable. gel. So the non-constant impedance

The receiver 5 is ready to receive again. The bandpass filter 3 runs through the switching amplifier

With the incoming part Fl of the four-wire over- against the line decoupled. Furthermore, the

transmission path incoming telecontrol characters or 35 output A 1 on the sending side and the receiving side

other voltages cannot be fed to the outgoing input El. each directly on the transformer

Part of the four-wire transmission path arrive, there are, designed for high internal resistance and there-

both when sending and when receiving, always one forward in an advantageous manner in parallel to one on both sides

Switching amplifier is blocked. This results in a line terminated with 600 Ω being connected

particularly high blocking attenuation. 40 den. For connecting the device at the end of a

In the case of the in FIG. 2, the internal resistance is activated by switching on the transmit / receive input line

direction, the switching amplifiers 1 and 2 have one of the resistors 17 and 27 set to 600 Q,

common transformer 9, which is also output

Transmitter of amplifier stage 1 on the receiver side possible as a wire line. This includes input E 1

also the input transformer of the transmission-side 45 (connections a 2 and a 3) and the output A 1 (connection

stronger level 2 is. This transformer 9 is to be connected in parallel with a key a S and α 4) and with one

Winding to which the capacitor 92 is connected to the line. The switching amplifier 1

is. at the same time on the bandpass filter 3 and on the collectors and 2 take on the function of a two-

of the transistors contained in the switching amplifier 1 wire amplifier with feedback lock. The in-

11 and 12. Transformer 9 and capacitor 92 can have 5 ° resistance in this operating mode as well

be included in the bandpass filter 3. high resistance or adjustable to 600 Ω. For setting

A further winding of the transformer 9 is connected to the treatment on high resistance, the resistors 17 and

Base connections of the iirT second switching amplifier 2 27 separated. The setting to 600 Ω is made

contained transistors 21 and 22 out. by that only one of the two resistors 17 unc

The base terminals of the transistors 11 and 12 55 27 is turned on.

are connected to the symmetrical secondary winding of the For a further connection option are the

Transformer 16, the collectors of the transistors 21 line transformers 16 and 26 as asymmetrical

and 22 formed on the symmetrical primary winding of the fork

Transformer 26 connected. Interception device low resistance in a four-wire line

The input transformer 16 of the receiving-side 60 device are looped in, at which other Ge Amplifier stage 1 and the output transformer 26 of the rate. z. B. Service & facilities, connected

Amplifier units 2 on the transmit side are each as Ga- are. In the case of two-wire lines, both are fork

trained at transformer and connected in series as part of a fork transformer,

circuit for connecting a service device. The adaptation to the line level or An

is formed by the transformer 16 together with the simulated switching level is also in the switching amplifiers 1

18, the transformer 26 together with the post and 2 made. By changing the opposite

formation 28 each a hybrid circuit. coupling, with the help of solder bridges, Sfufenschalterr

Both transformers 16 and 26 have connections or rotary resistors 15 and 25, the Ver

(ο

Strengthening both the transmission side and the reception output stage shown, which has a modulator or

receiving side and thus the transmission level or the Emp amplifier circuit can be. The outgoing

transistors 61 and 62 contain the sensitivity of the receiver to the respective amplifier stage

adjust the conditions. via the emitter resistors 63 and 64. the through

The circuit is expediently so 5 the potentiometer 65 are bridged together

dimensioned so that reference potentials "-" are carried when sending and receiving. The collectors

of the telecontrol characters approximately the same level on the transistors 61 and 62 are connected to the soldering pins a

Transmit / receive filter 3 is and thus the filter 3 and h out.

is operated in the most favorable working area. In the case of the transceiver, normal

Mh help the input stage of the receiver 5 irt io paint operation of the signal level to -0.9 Np on the relay ensured. that the receiver is set to the level 0 of its own. d. H. to a level of -0.9 NpmO Transmitter coming 3000 Hz characters not turned on. When using the line at the same time, together with other transmission systems, e.g. B. to-

About the windings 42 and 43 of the transformer 4 together with a device for transmitting

the transmitter output and the receiver input are 15 service calls up to 2400 Hz. or more

coupled to the filter. The transmitter 4 becomes telecontrol channels with different signal frequencies

Occasionally included in Bandpaii3. zen, however, it may be necessary to adjust the signal level

The winding 41, together with the condenser, forms the level proposed by CCIT for this purpose

Sator 93 a resonant circuit of the filter 3. Lower the resistance - 1.7 NpmO. The transmitter must then be on

stand 47 closes the filter accordingly. »O a transmission level lower by 0.8 Np and at the same time

The transformer 4 has the winding 41 and the receiver has an emp symmetry winding that is 0.8 Np higher 42 and 43. The symmetry sensitivity can be switched. Such a winding 43 is part of the winding 42 and is switching the transmitter and receiver to two the signal level between two taps can be used in a simple manner with the aid of Formed winding part. On the other hand, it can also make short-circuit bridges that are soldered into the Symmetry windings are provided. pins are used. For this purpose, the

The winding 42 is attached to the soldering pins g and c . The number of turns 42 and 43 is dimensioned such that the

Your center tap is at the connection ratio, the value 2.23 accordingly

connection point of resistors 45 and 46. This is 0.8 Np.

series formed from resistors 45 and 46 30 For the signal level -0.9 NpmO the transmission

Connection to the supply voltage ^M / - or 6 via the short-circuit bridges a - c and g - / 7

closed. The symmetry winding 43 lies against that of the winding 42 with the high number of turns and

Solder pins ft and f. "Of the receiver 6 via the short-circuit bridges b - d

From the receiver 5, only part of the and e - 1 on the winding 43 with the low wind-

Entrance level shown. This is a push-pull number.

circuit with the transistors 51 and 52 formed with the switch to signal level - 1.7 NpmO det. The transistors are in Fmitter basic circuit, the two windings 42 and 43 are interchanged and connected via the emitter resistors 53, so that the transmitter 6 now via the and 54, which are connected to the collector of the transistor 82 short-circuit bridges a - b and / - h at the low leads are coupled. To adjust the gain 40 and the receiver 5 via the short-circuit bridges, the resistors 53 and 54 are due to the high number of turns due to the potential c - d and e - g,
meter 55 bridged. The base connections of the transistors 51 and 52 connected to the transformer 4 are connected to the soldering pins d and e input stage with high output resistance and included, stamped collector current and the input stage

The DC operating points of the input stage 45 with high input resistance and impressed Ba-

and the output stage are designed in such a way that the gal- sis-emitter-Spanmmg are operated, turns on

vanic connection via the transformer winding to the respective transmission level the corresponding receive

42 and the winding 43 contained therein is possible. catcher sensitivity inevitably a.

Via the resistors 45, 46 and the center point The level switching provided on the transformer 4

The appropriate DC voltage 50 is applied to the winding 42 has the advantage that the switching

for the base connections of the transistors 51. 52 and amplify the setting to be made on the depending

the collectors of the transistors 61. 62 supplied. the respective connection level of the line, the given

Only part of the transmitter 6 is shown in the figure, if it is calibrated. is not changed.

1 sheet of drawings

Claims (6)

Patent claims: 1. Transmitting and receiving device for data transmission with a transmitter and an S receiver, in which the transmission and reception frequency are the same and at the same time either only sent or only received and with a transmitter and a receiver a filter serving both as a transmit and a receive filter are connected, which is optionally connected to a first connection with the help of an electronic switch consisting in particular of amplifier stages that can be switched over without overlap, depending on a control criterion characterizing the readiness for transmission or reception of the transceiver or can be connected to a second connection, the connections being connectable to the incoming or outgoing part of a four-wire transmission path or jointly to a two-wire transmission path, characterized in that the transmitter (S) and the receiver (6) are coupled to one another at the input of the filter as sin d and that the recipient can be blocked by the control criterion (St) . 2. transmitting and receiving device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmitter (6) with high output resistance and impressed output current and the receiver (5y with high input resistance and impressed Input voltage are operated and that the connection of the receiver (5) and the The transmitter (6) is adapted to two pairs of connections on the side of the transmitter and receiver completed transmitter of the filter is interchangeable. 3. transmitting and receiving device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the Amplifier stages of the electronic changeover switch with negative current feedback push-pull circuits in Basic emitter circuits in which the emitters each have an emitter resistor (13, 14 or 23, 24) each to a control potential are led. 4. Transmitting and receiving device according to claim 3, characterized in that the control potentials through the collector potentials of the transistors contained in a two-stage control circuit, on the emitter side, in particular directly, to the reference potential (-) and on the collector side each via a resistor to the supply voltage (+) led transistors ( 81, 32) are formed, of which a first transistor (81) can be controlled at the base by the control criterion (St) and the base of the second transistor (82) at the tap of a collector voltage divider (85, 86) of the first transistor (81) lies. 5. Transmitting and receiving device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that a transmitter (9) located on the side of the transmission path on the filter (3) at the same time Output transformer of the receiving-side amplifier stage (1) as well as input transformer the transmitter-side amplifier stage (2) of the electronic switch. 6. Transmitting and receiving device according to One of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the input transformer (16) of the receiving-side amplifier stage (1) and the output transformer (2 (S) on the transmitting-side amplifier stage (2) of the electronic switch are each designed as a fork transmitter and part of a hybrid circuit for connecting a Service device are.