DE2245786A1 - COUNTING - Google Patents

Description

Hainouiv ^, deiv 1; 5 September 1972 - - 126372

Priority: T /. "ozeptuioer 1971, USA, ■ No. 101.461

Applicant; - - ^r

Alpha Jrress Electronics, Inc.
Alpha, New Jersey, USA

Payment circuit

The invention relates to a payment circuit, in particular a counting circuit with electromagnetic relays *

Since electromagnetic relays have been known and used and since pulse counting became important, various types of relay circuits have been used developed »Lately more and more semiconductor devices have been used in the counter field by the electromagnetic relay would almost entirely be displaced *

~ ί *> Wt

An important advantage of solid state Haible he it ¹ circuits is they daij few or do not. · Moving parts, so that only very few parts can fail or fail. The service life of such a circuit is thus considerably extended, and the reliability of such a circuit is extremely high. Jeaocii solid-state circuits also have some disadvantages, in particular their susceptibility or sensitivity, which is present under some operating conditions, to stronger electrical or magnetic fields, as can occur in large industrial machines.

Electromagnetic relay circuits in general are not susceptible to such types of fields that can endanger semiconductor circuits, or are influenced by them can be prevented by such fields, possessing other disadvantages, some of which lead to the aggravated Application of semiconductor circuits have resulted. There is a significant weakness in these relay circuits in that they necessarily have contacts that open and close a phenomenon known as arcing and are therefore endangered by crater formation, burning and other effects that affect the service life of the contacts and thus the service life of the relays considerably »

Other disadvantages, e.g. with regard to size and sensitivity of electromagnetic or koLai:;, have meanwhile been improved by improving the Hers to 11 im. · and <iu.s Aiii bnuo der rt

iOIHI / IIIO

largely switched off «For example, a is in on Glass housing enclosed reed switch that wets mercury e can have contacts, a very small, highly sensitive and extremely reliable device - which solid-state circuits in terms of their usability almost reached, but still the risk of arcing and the resulting arcing The contacts are damaged or destroyed "

The invention was therefore based on the object of creating various types of electromagnetic relay counting circuits in which all relay contacts are ^{opened and closed at NuIl-BtI 1} Om or a potential difference of zero, so that damage to the contacts caused by arcing is avoided . It is also intended to provide a plurality of counting circuits which are able to assume various states of excitation, which represent a number of units to be counted.

Briefly summarized, this object is achieved according to the invention in that a first electrical line branch is connected to a network connection, so that this line two has an enclosed first and second electromagnetic actuating element and a first, through kr- ",. , one of the two electromagnetic betalipiun ^ sor

uri container includes, and that furthermore a second jri'l third electrical conduction path is provided, hi mti jt-'jtii · "UEU υύ animal Konbinn'tiori cinrr"reVtruin;^i;;; iietJ uchuh '

• ι -

BATH

Actuator and the first switch can be connected in parallel. The second and third line access have a common part, which is a switching device that is effective depending on the processes to be counted includes. A third switching device is activated by dia abdere electromagnetic actuator operated so that they alternate the second or third conduction path switches in parallel to the respective associated part of the first line path.

The invention thus shows a relay circuit that on Responds to input pulses, which are represented by closing and opening operations of a push-button switch are, wherein the relay circuit contains at least two relay windings as well as contacts and lines that connect to each other are connected so that each closing and opening operation of the push button switch changes the Energy state of the relay in the circuit is reached.

The basic circuit contains two windings in series with a set of contacts passing through one of the windings is operated, while the other winding is connected to operate two single-pole changeover contact sets, the are able to use one of two shunt circuits to bypass one of the windings and the normally open contact set.

- 5 -309312/0980

Four switching operations, namely two opening and two closing operations of the pushbutton switch- thus lead to the fact that the circuit is four different and identifi-. adopts edible switching states. The outputs of the winding can be input into a suitable logic or binary circuit and a display device _{f 0} if this is desired. ■. .

Use more sophisticated embodiments of the invention Transistors for relay control, and further training of the invention use groups of four and six relay windings with control diodes and the like ©

In every case it is guaranteed that every relay contact set opens and closes at a potential difference of zero, which advantageously "excludes the formation of an arcing and thus a considerable increase in the service life of the contacts is guaranteed.

Further advantages and features of the invention emerge from the claims as well as from the following description and the drawing, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown, for example, as follows is explained in more detail. Show it! Figo 1 is a schematically shown, basic

Counting circuit according to the invention,

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3 0 9 9 i 2/0 Ö Ö 0

Pig. 2 is a schematic representation of an inven

proper two-Kelais counting circuit equipped with transistors,

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of an inventive

proper four-relay counting circuit,

Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of another

Embodiment of a two-relay circuit vessel Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 shows another embodiment of an invention

according to four 'relay counting circuit,

Fig. 6 shows another embodiment of an invention

according to tfier relay counting circuit using of transistors,

Fig. 7 shows another embodiment of a erfindungsge

moderate four-relay counting circuit with four Transistors, and

Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of an invention

according to six relay counting circuit »

In the basic circuit of Fig. 1 are with.10 .bzw, 11 with denotes lines or wires connected to the positive or negative pole of a power supply unit. A connection of the excitation winding 12 one electromagnetic relay is with the wire 10 connected, while the other terminal of the excitation winding connected to one terminal of a normally open contact set, generally designated 1J and which is closed by energizing the winding 12 o The other terminal of the contact

309Ö 1 2/0080 " ^? "

J set 15 is connected to one connection of the field winding 14. an electromagnetic relay connected during the. other connection of this winding is connected to the line 11,

By energizing the winding 14, two generally designated 15 and "16 contact sets are actuated in which it are single-pole changeover contact sets. Usually open contact of the contact set 15 is connected by a newspaper 17 to the positive wire 10, and the " normally closed contact is through a wire to the junction between winding 12 and the contact set 15 connected, which is normally the case closed contact of the contact set 16 through a line 19 connected to the negative wire 11, while the normally open contact of this set with a line 20 to the connection between the contact set 15 and the winding 14 is connected «, the movable contact of each of the two sets of contacts 15 and 16 is. with each a terminal of a switch generally designated 21 is connected. The switch 21 is in the one shown Circuit example shown as a normally open push button switch. It can be used as a bistable visual link be considered, which produce a circuit connection only in one of two possible switching positions can.

Regardless of the actual structure of the switch, i.e. regardless of whether it is mechanical, manual or electronic or is operated in any other way, the presence of this switch and its operation is of great importance for the invention, because the closing and opening pre-fermenters this switch in .Figo 1 and the corresponding switch are to be counted in the embodiments of the invention explained below.

To understand how the circuit in Assume first of all that all switches are shown in their normal or deenergized state are and that the wires 10 and 12 electrical power is supplied. With this assumption is the circuit in a state in which the winding 12 and also the winding 14- are not energized. This state is called "Zero state" is defined.

Assuming that switch 21 is closed, is then a conductive connection is established, which the winding 12, the contact set 15, the switch 21, the contact set 16 and the line 19 includes, so that the winding 12 is energized and the contact set 13 is closed. As soon the contact set 13 is closed, ordered a circuit through this contact set and the winding 14. However, the winding is not excited because it is through the low resistance Shunt circuit with lines 18 and 19, the

309012/0960 " ^y "

Contact sets 15 and 16 and the salaries 21 is bridged. The circuit is then in its first switching state deviating from the zero state, in which winding 12 is energized and winding 14 is not energized ₀ ":

The next change occurs when switch 21 opens. As a result, the winding 14 bypassing the love-loop current circuit interrupted so. that the winding 14 is excited and the contact sets 15 and 16 from that shown in FIG Switching position can be moved into the opposite switching position. The circuit is then in its second switching state, in which both windings 12 and 14 are energized and all contact sets 13> 1 ^ and 16 in their closed or excited position "

When the switch 21 is a second. Once closed, a shunt circuit bridging the winding 12 is established which includes the lines 17 and 20, the contact sets 16 and 16 and the switch 21. The circuit is then in its third switching state, in which the V / ick development 12 is de-energized and the winding 14 is energized _{or the like}

By opening the switch 21 again, the winding is activated 12 bridging shunt circuit that had kept winding 14 in its energized state was canceled.

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309812/0010

The winding 14 is thus de-energized and the continuity sets and 16 return to their healings shown in FIG back · The circuit is now in its fourth switching state returned, the one with the * ursp3? üEgli§li fngenosiaenen Zero state is identical.

Some observations can now be made about the whose mode of action and properties made W9i »d $ i}, As The first thing to note is that the circuit can adopt four different and identifiable switching states, "which each easily scanned and fine-tuned thereby can be "that simply voltage sensors or current sensors switched on at suitable points in the circuit and connected to logical elements. There is one Numerous scanning options, which were not shown, to enable the basic circuit to be implemented by such delegations. gen not to complicate unnecessarily.

However, the fact remains that the four switching states can occur and that they can be scanned and applied »

Second, it can be observed that the opening and closing of the contact sets 13, 15 and 16 under conditions of a potential difference Zero is carried out, whereby, any inclination of the contacts, a flashover when closing or opening or avoiding an electric arc, which is im

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309-12 / 0980

Result in a considerable extension of the service life the contacts lead «'■

If, for example, the switch 21 is closed for the first time, the winding 12 is excited and: the contact set 13 ^: closed. At this point in time, however, there is no potential difference at the contact set <15 “There is therefore no tendency for a sparkover or arcing to occur when the contacts close. Correspondingly, when the switch 21 is opened and the relay winding 14 is energized by the cancellation of the bypass circuit, the contact sets 15 and 16 are moved to their energized positions. Even at this point in time, however, there is a potential difference of zero or essentially Hull between the contacts, which eliminates any tendency to flashover. Although there is a potential difference between the open and closed fixed contacts of both sets of contacts, there is essentially no potential difference between the normally open contacts and the moving contact pieces, which prevents the tendency to arcing «,

The following continuation of this analysis will show that the contacts in any case without the occurrence of a potential difference open and close. Because of this property, it is possible to have smaller contacts with lower operating rates to use, simply because if one. Contact-

309812/0980 " ¹² ~

set current is supplied, this already in its desired Position and no arcing occurs "

The circuit in J ¹ ig "2 corresponds essentially to the circuit according to FIG. 1, but transistors are provided in order to facilitate the switching of the relays. The basic principle used in the embodiment according to FIG. 1 is, however, still present, ie a basic circuit with two relay windings and a contact that works as a function of the excitation of one of these windings is provided. The basic circuit also has a second and third circuit with a common part that can optionally be connected in parallel to one of the two windings and the contact set, the parts of the second and third circuit being selected by energizing the other winding. A switch that can be operated from the outside is provided in the common part and the openings and closings of the switch are counted by changes in the switching state in the circuit.

In accordance with this principle, the circuit according to l contains ¹ ! ;;. 2 a fte.l ais-.jiekJ imc 22, a normally open contact set 2J>, which is closed by excitation of the winding 22, as well as an R an Is-winding 2 ^l \ _t where the two windings and the contact set between the veins 1U and 11 of the Vorsoj ^ -.- un-.ijJu.itun ^ '; ran in series.

309812/0960 - ^{| 7} -

A conventional transistor of the npn conduction type, generally designated 25, has its collector connected to the transfer line between the winding 22 and the contact set 23, while its base is connected to the reveal wire 10 and its emitter is connected to the anode of a conventional semiconductor diode 26 is "Another transistor, generally designated 27, of the pnp- ^ line type has its collector connected to the ^ line wire 11, while its base with the connection line between the contact set 23 and the winding 24 and its emitter with the cathode of a conventional semiconductor Diode 28 is connected

Two single-pole switch-on and switch-off Koncakbsätze designated 29 and 30 are activated by energizing the relay winding 24. These sets of contacts are connected to the terminals of a manually operated, normally open switch 31. The contact set 29 is between the wire 10 and the connection'der Kabhode of the diode 26 with a terminal of the switch 3I ger.enalbeb, while the Konbakbsabz 3 ^U between the connection of the contact set 23, the Wick-Lun _t ; 24 and the? BasiseLelcbrode des L'rauüiabors 27; jowie the tferbinclunf ^ i line of the uciiUlters 31 and the anode of the Jiode l'.S lay

For the purification of the. ^ Ir? Kun _t ; s manner it is assumed that the ^; initially in their unreacted state ds "t how.

^8AÖ Often / G / Λ / Αί. 309812 / 0Ö80

in Ji ¹ Ig. 2 shown. The serious process to be counted is the first closing of the switch 31 »the one ßtrom- ■ L-eitungsweg through the relay winding 22, the collector-emitter path of the transistor 25, the diode 26, the switch 31, the diode 28, the emitter-collector path of the transistor 27 and the wire 11 produces. This energizes the relay 22 and closes the contact set 23.

The next operation is the opening of the switch 31 to the relay coil 24 cancels · bridging shunt circuit so that this winding excited by the winding 22 and the contact set 23 enclosing circuit ^Wix% de The contact sä Tze 29 and 3 ^ are then also closed.

The next process is the second closing of the switch 31, which creates a circuit through the contact set 29, the switch 31, the switch JO and the Helais- ^ ickluftfj c ^L Y , this connection shunted or nubenschlioßb in the relay winding 22, so that this winding is de-energized and the contact set 23 is opened.

Finally, the channel 31 is reopened and interrupts the "Jfcromkro Lfj, which has kept the Ke) Ia ir, -Wiei: Lung 24- in an original condition, i; o that this / vi-ckhmg power off again is made and the konoaktätze 2) and;> u again f; eof.fnot vrerd on.

309812/0360

BAO ORIGINAL

A check of each of these " retention steps" shows, as was also described in connection with FIG. 1, that there are four retention states for this circuit, which can be easily scanned and used in a logic circuit each opening and closing of a contact set is carried out under conditions that prevent any arcing from occurring on those contact sets, thereby completely eliminating a major cause of the failure or failure of the relays «,

It should be mentioned at this point that multiple circuits of the type shown in Fig. 2 can be used in decade form, which makes it possible _? to count the processes in a number system on the basis of 4 "

For some applications, however, a single circuit may instead be desired that is capable of to count several processes «,

Such a circuit is now in connection with Fig. beuchriubon. The circuit shown in FIG. 3 is also used wi e: a basic series connection of a relay winding 5;?, One normally open, from this Wick-

G ^ 2 tone unipolar octave 33 and one tone (Ut (JJ-J itelüiu-Wieklung 34 »which between the veins 10 and 11 of the supply line is «,

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3098U / 0980

BATH

-Vm-

A second series connection with a relay winding 36, a relay winding 38 and a normally open, by the winding 38 actuated contact set 37 iet also. if connected in series between wires 10 and 11. It will be shown below that the four relay windings and the associated circuitry are connected in such a way that they open and close one of Count manually operated and generally designated switch 41.

The winding 34 is for actuating two with 39 and 40 designated single-pole changeover contact sets are provided, in each case the movable contact piece of the contact sets is connected to the terminals of the switch 41. The normally open fixed contact of the contact set 39 is connected to the wire 10 and the normally closed fixed contact of the contact set 40 with the wire 11. the the remaining fixed contacts of the contact sets 39 and 40 are connected to the movable contact pieces of single-pole changeover contacts » sets 42 and 43 connected, which are mechanically coupled and operated by the relay coil 36. Usually open contact of the contact set 42 is connected to the cathode of a conventional semiconductor diode 44, the anode of which is connected to the connecting line between the winding 36 and the contact 37. Besides, the normally open contact also connected to the cathode of a diode 45. The normally closed one

309812/0980

Fixed contact of the contact 42 is connected to the cathodes of two diodes 46 and 47 and the Aaode of the diode 47 is connected to the connection line between the winding 32 and the contact set 33. The normally closed contact of the contact set 43 is connected to the Anodes of two diodes 48 and 51 connected ₉ xm & the. The cathode of the diode 48 is connected to the feffbindungsXeitmg; ' ^ dseiian outer winding 38 and the contact set 3? connected ₀ boron normally open sest-Kontalft -dos Kontaktsataes 43 is connected to the anodes of diodes 49 and 50? and &&. & - "Ksthöä © the 'Diode ^ O is connected to the connection" -awisehen of the winding 34 and the contact set 33 «,

The anodes of the diodes 45 and 46 and the cathodes of the diodes 49 and 51 are led to connections D, A, O ₅ or B «> Are these output signal terminals _? which will only be explained later «.

The mode of operation of the circuit according to FIG. 4 is fundamental the same as that of the circuit according to FIGS. 1 and 2, but advantageously a longer one Sequence of switching steps occurs. First will be again assumed that the circuit was originally in the de-energized state shown

The first holding process is the closing of the switch 41, by means of which a connection is established through the winding 32, the diode 47, the coil clock sets ^ h2, and 39 - ,,. the switch 41; and the, contact no

3098.12 / 0980

- 18 -

set 40 for wire 11 is produced. This will make the Winding 32 energized and Kontaktsatm 33 closed "How previously, iat the connection established by switch 41 a shunt for. the winding 34, «Q that this relay is not aroused *

Is Her next ßchaltvorgang iat as "ÖJfinnen d ·" switch 41 is canceled by daa the shunt and one 'Srregung the winding 34 allows * Because the Kontaktaätze 39 and 40 st from the one shown in Figure 3 Saddle It is effected RECOVERY Move to the opposite switch position.

The next switching process is the second closing of the switch 41, through which a connection from the wire 10 is through the .Kontaktsatz 39, the switch 41, the contact sets 40 and 43 and the diode 48 is made via the winding 36 to the core 11, so that the winding 38 is excited and the Contact set 37 is closed, this connection is a shunt for the winding 36, which is thus de-energized.

By opening the switch 41 "of the shunt circuit is broken and energizes the bond 36 so that the Konüaktsätze 42 and 43 from their in Fig. Switching position shown in Figure 3 are lufig bewegb in the opposite switching Stel. After this four switching operations, the circuit nm & Flg. · 3. in, a state ", dw ·· al * v ** Jk $, * eichn # i | can become, d * h. D ^ ft all the way".

109ata / 0iit

32, 34 | 36 and $ 8 are energized and all contact seeds. of a switch position are * the-opposite of the switch _{pitch shown in FIg 0 i let «}

The next switching process is aas. third closing of the switch 41, through which a connection from the wire 10 through the contact set 3% the switches 41 ,. 40 and 43 _a the diode '50 and the winding 34 to the wire 11 is made. This connection shunts winding 32 | whereby this winding is de-energized and the contact set 33 is opened "The relay winding is kept in its excited state by the HefeenBöiiluss circuit"

The next switching transition is before the opening of the switch 4-1., Which interrupts the shunt circuit and causes _s that the winding is made str'omles 34- ,, so that the contact sets 39 and 40 in their illustrated in Figo 3 Position to return"

The next switching process is the fourth closing of the container 41, which establishes a connection from the wire 10 through the winding 36, the diode 44 _v the contact sets 42 and 59, the switch 41 and the contact set 40 to the wire 11. This connection represents a shunt circuit for the relay winding 38, so that this winding is energized and the contact set 37 is opened »The winding

- 20 -

is held in the energized state by the shunt circuit.

The last switching operation is the opening of the switch 4-1, which interrupts the shunt circuit, whereby the winding 36 is de-energized and the contact sets 42 and 43 in their in Flg. 3 switch positions shown. Thus, the entire circuit is shown in Figure 3 state switched back to their original _f in Fig., And were counted eight switching operations "

As a major advantage is to be seen again that all the opening and closing movements are carried out of the various relay contact sets under Nullepannunge- and NullBtrom conditions so that an arc. education is excluded.

The type of use of the outputs can be explained in connection with i'i (5. 3. It can be seen that the sampling of the excitation states of the various relay windings as binary output information of the counting circuit door can be used to decode a device of any desired type, for example a matrix can be used to achieve an advantageous presentation of the Ausgangsini'ormation in. the states of excitation of the windings may for example be scanned by the fact that is simply connected to a separate üatz contacts with each relay. Eo

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309812/0980

■ - ■ «Η -

However, other methods are also available, which are described in can be used in the same way; »

The table below shows the various Excitation states of the relay windings when performing the successive switching operations explained above.

TABLE 1

Switching process Winding 32 (1 = 2 * 0 0 Zero state 0 0 0 0 1. Close 1 0 0 0 1. Open 1 1 0 ' 1 2. Close 1 ■ 1 1 1 2. Open 1 1 1 1 3 »Close 0 1 1 1 3. Open 0 0 1 0 4. Close 0 0 0 0 4. Open 0 0 excitement)

In addition to the above, other output information can also be scanned. A typical output is Ln I'Mj. 3 (luLch dij diodes 4 ^, 4b, 4y and ^{ y \ as well as those with α, b, G and D be ^ L! Lchnübeti .Aii £ 5cnLü £ 3öe tlar ^ esteil. The naohrolijonde 'L'abuLLtj ze L ^ b the shawl state at this an; t; hlüiisun, where the * iifcjdi ri ues A and I) raib lied up

309812/0980 "^

22A5786

Wire 10 and the connections B and G with reference to wire 11 can be measured for the presence to determine an output signal.

TABLE 2 B. 0 D. Sehalt process A. O 0 0 Zero state O " O O O 1. Close 1 0 0 0 1. Open O 1 O O 2. Close 0 0 0 0 2, open O 0 1 0 5. Close 0 O O ü 3. Open 0 O O 1 4. Close 0 O O O 4. Open O

(1 »signal available)

In Fig. 4 i3t a circuit shown _} in which the type of connection compared to the circuit according to B ¹ Ig. 1 is modified, and the special arrangement of the lines and switches represent an advantageous alternative.

In the illustration according to FIG. ^L l · relay windings Vj ^{and l} j6 with a normally open contact ^c > 7j of the di: winding; Sf? Errogb becomes, in Heihe (^ er.chn Lbefc _t Zur Bebäbi ^ in ^ two unipolar Unuiclmlbkonbaktünbze '50 and i? 9 the winding $ G is mechanically with d «ren bijwtjtjlL

-. 25 -

303912 / 09Ö0

tv *. '

fd · contact pieces connected. The movable contact pieces B- · "■■ · - ■ '■... Are connected to the terminals of a push button switch 61. The fixed contacts of the contact set 58 are connected to opposite sides of the contact set 57 so that a movement of the movable contact back of the contact set 58 connects the push-button switch to the one or other side of this contact set 57th plague contacts of the contact set 59 are connected to the positive or ₀ negative wire 10 or 11, wherein the contacts are arranged so ·, that when one switch is connected to the positive wire, the other is connected to the negative wire and vice versa

The mode of operation of the circuit according to -Pig · 4 is essentially the same as the circuit according to FIG. 1. The first closing process causes the winding 55t to be excited while the first opening process excites the winding 56: The second closing process makes the winding 55 de-energized, while the second closing process, that is to say the fourth switching process in total, makes winding 56 de-energized. further description of this circuit does not appear necessary.

The circuit shown in FIG. 5 is an alternative arrangement for a four-Heia is-Syst em with-.different Scarf connections and contact arrangements, which in some ApplicationBi'all is more suitable. In the circuit according to Fig. 5 relay windings 62 and 63 are with a

30 98 t? / OSfO - ^{? Λ} -

normally open contact set 64 connected in series between wires 1Ü and 11. The contact set 64 is actuated by the winding 62. Two single pole changeover contacts 65 and 66 are actuated by energizing the winding 65. The normally closed fixed contact of the contact set 6'j is connected to the connection line between the winding 62 and the contact set 64, and the normally open fixed contact of the contact set 66 is connected to the connection line between the contact set 64 and the winding 6J «

A second series connection between the wires 10 and 11 consists of Helais windings 67 and 68, which with a normally open contact set 69 are connected in series, which is actuated by dip winding 67. Of the normally open fixed contact of the contact set 65 is ; m the connecting line between the winding 67 and the Contact set 69 connected, and the normally closed fixed contact of the contact set 66 is with; the Connection line connected between the winding 68 and the contact set o9

The winding 68 is mechanically coupled to their movable contact pieces for the actuation of two single-pole Umsclmltkontaktätze 72 and 73. The moving contacts are connected to the same connection terminal (inen nruekhnopf.sc'ha] teri? '/ \ . I'i <> move

309817/0980

Contact pieces of the contact sets 65 and 66 are connected to the normally closed or normally open fixed contacts of the contact set 72. The normally closed fixed contact of the contact set is connected to the negative wire 11, while the normally open contact of this contact set is connected to the positive wire 1Ü ₀

When operating the circuit according to FIG. 5, a connection from the wire 10 via the winding 62, the contact sets 65 and 72, the container 71 and the contact set 73 to the wire 11 is established by closing the switch 71 '. The winding is excited and the contact set 6A- is closed. The subsequent opening of the.-Chalber 71 separates the shunt circuit bridging the winding 63, so that this winding is excited and. the Konbaktsäbze 65 and 66 change their shell position ,.

The next closing of the switch 71 establishes a connection vun the core 10 over ©, the winding 67, the Kontakbsäbze 65 and 72, the switch 71 and the Konbaktsabz 73 to the wire here, whereby the relay winding 67 is excited and the contact— · sabz 69 is closed. Through the next opening of the Schalbers 71 is about the winding 67 and the contact set the winding 68 eregbo

In this ochalbungszusband all relays are energized and all the Konbakbsäbzen in Schaltsbellungen, which the in

3Ö9812 / Ö980 - 26 -

Fig. 5 are opposite switching positions »

The next closing of the switch 71 establishes a connection from the wire 10 via the contact set 73, the switch 71, the Konbaktätze 72 and 66 and the winding 65 for Wire 11, whereby the winding 62 is bridged, so that this winding is de-energized and the contact set 64 opens. The next opening of the switch 71 is the Winding 63 de-energized. The next closing operation of the switch 71 establishes a connection from the wire 10 via the ■ Contact set 73, the switch 71, the contact sets 72 and and the winding 68 to the wire 11, by which the winding 67 is bypassed, so that this winding is de-energized with the result that the contact set 69 opens again » The next opening of the switch 71 makes the winding 68 de-energized and the circuit returns to that shown in FIG Scarf training state back in which all windings are currentless »

Here, too, all opening and closing operations of the Contacts carried out without a potential difference occurring at the contacts, which ensures that that no flashovers occur.

The circuit shown in Fig. 6 also uses four relay windings and uses transistors for improvement and ease of switching operations. The circuit contains Helais windings 75 and 76, which are in series with a

303S12 / OÜ0 - 27 -

normally open contact set 77 between the positive and. negative wires 10 and 11 are. The contact set 77 is actuated by energizing the winding 75, while the winding 76 is mechanically connected to actuating a normally open contact set 78 and a normally closed contact set 79 with a movable contact piece o The contact sets 78 and 79 are in series with a push button switch 81 between the Wires and 11. A third series circuit with relay windings 82 and 83 and a normally open contact set 84 is also connected between wires 10 and 11. The contact set 84- is actuated by energizing the winding 83. The winding 82 is mechanically connected to their movable contact pieces for the actuation of two normally open contact sets 85 and 86. The contact set 85 is connected in series with a conventional semiconductor diode 87, and this series connection is a one. End attached to the connection line between the contact set 78 and the switch 81, while the other end is led to the connection line between the winding 82 and the contact set "d ¹ ". The emitter electrode of a transistor 88 of the ηpn conduction type is connected to the connecting line between the diode 87 and the contact set 85 ; * 75 and the contact set ¹ ^ connected, and the base electrode is led via a τπ \. · .Ιηύ & j to the connection between the iicklimp; ui.-m i'onUjJ «lij.ita 84 ,,,

-; .- 8 309812/0980

hine conventional semiconductor diode ^{) Ü located with the emitter-collector path of a transistor 91, pnpiieitungstyp in series, and the anode of diode 90 is connected to the connecting line between the switch 81 and the set of contacts 79 connected, while the collector of the The transistor with the connection line between the winding 8 $ and the contact set 84 is connected »The base electrode of the transistor 91 is connected via a resistor 92 to the connection line between the contact set 77 and the winding 76 and also on one side of the contact set with the emitter electrode of the Transistor 91 is connected _o

. Operation of the circuit by l ⁽ 'ig 6 corresponds to the non transistorized substantially the operation;.; Clmltungsversion with the advantageous exception that din reinforcing effect of the transistors to a faster ürbei büweir.e the Kelais led

If you are with your in! '' Ig. 6 begins, the first switching operation to be counted is the first ochlüeßen of switch 81, through which a connection from the positive wire ΊΟ via the itelais-./windlung 7 ^>, the j.oJlüld.or-one-way path of the transistor 88, diu diode 67, the SchalLer 81 and the normalerwcd öe closed contact set 79 to the negative wire 11 is made. Dip base of transistor 88 is on the .icklun.n; 82 in

309at270980

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essentially at the full positive potential of wire 10, the transistor 88 is thus switched on and the winding 75 is excited so that the contact set 77 closes " The opening of the switch 81 burns the shunt circuit bypassing the winding 76, so that this winding is energized and thereby the contact set 78 closes and the contact set 79 opens. The next closing action of the switch 81 establishes a connection from the wire .10 to the contact set 78, the switch 81, the diode 90, the emitter-collector path of transistor 91 and turn 83 to Wire 11 he », as a result of which the winding 83 is excited and the contact set 84- closes. The next opening of the switch interrupts the shunt circuit bypassing winding 82, so that this relay is energized and the Konua.kt-Scitze 85 and 86 closes "

The next four opening and closing operations do the Relays in similar wines as already described - one after the other currentless. Here too, the "opening and closing of the Contacts in an advantageous manner in the de-energized state through, fjei'atirto

The in I ^r i _o ·. ' 7. Lchaltun = shown; is an advantageous / t / pus education of ..chaltun; ·; according to B ¹ L ^, 6, whereby four transistors are used instead of two, whereby a faster and more precise operation of the tieläis is achieved. At. This ochaltun ^ is, however, gjpund.- -.

- 30 -

In addition, there is still a four-relay circuit, which includes a table of values corresponding to Table 1 above.

In the circuit according to Fit ;. 7 relay windings 95 and 96 are in series with a contact set 97 which can be actuated by energizing the relay 95 and which is normally open. The winding 95 is connected to actuate the normally open contact sets 9Ö and 99. The contact set 98 is connected in series with a push button switch 101, a conventional semiconductor diode 1U2 and the emitter-collector path of a conventional pnp-transistor 103 between the wires 10 and 11. One side of the contact set 99 is connected to the connecting line connected between the switch 101 and the diode 102, while the other side of the ochalber 99 is connected via a resistor 104 to the base ICLektroclυ of the transistor 103. The emitter electrode of a conventional pnp transistor 105 is via a diode 106 both with the Contact set 99 and connected to wire 11 via a resistor 107. The junction of diode 106 and resistor 107 is also connected to one side of a normally open contact set 108, the other side of which is connected to the connection line between contact set 97 and the winding and is connected to the dor liasis-Elekfcrodo of the transistor 105 via a resistor 109,

" Over collector dee Tran » is gate 105 let au the ¥ erteiruiuncs-

line between a relay winding 110 and a through .Ecitation of winding 110 actuated, normally open Contact set 111 connected, this relay winding and the contact set with a further relay winding 112 lie in series between cores 10 and 11., The winding 112 is · for operating the normally open set of contacts 1Ü8 and a normally open contact set 113 connected to these, the contact set 113 in the manner of a series connection to the connection of the winding 112 and the contact set 111 and via the collector-emitter path a conventional pnp transistor 114 and a conventional semiconductor diode 115-to the connection connected between the switch 101 and the contact set 98 is. The base of transistor 114 is through a Resistor 116 connected to wire 10.

beite of the contact set 113 is via a resistor 117 with the base of a conventional npn transistor connected, its collector to the connecting line between the winding 95 and your contact set 97 not closed is, and its emitter through a diode 119 with the other ijfcite of the contact set 113 and the colluctor of the transistor 114 is connected «

In operation, by closing the iJ (; haJ ters 101, a connection from the wire 10 via 'the winding'95, the collector-ι, ι.ί ill, μι · -, j brocke des'i'ranin sbors 11.8, di <r jjode 119 ».the -

BATH ORIGINAL

Kolektor-Kmitter path of the transistor 114-, the mode 115, the container 101, the diode 102 and the Eraitter-collector path of the transistor 103 to the wire 11 established. The base electrodes of the transistors 114 and 118 ■ are indirectly connected to the positive wire 10 and the base electrode of the pnp transistor 103 is indirectly connected to the negative wire 11, whereby these three transistors are made conductive, so that the winding 95 is excited and thus the contact set 97 closes. By opening the switch 101 of the winding 96 bridging shunt circuit is broken, so that this winding is energized and the contact sets 98 and 99 ßchließt · The next closing of the switch 101 provides an additional connection through the contact set 98, the switch 101, the Contact set 99 _for mode 106, the emitter-collector. Route of the transistor 105 and the winding 110 here, whereby this winding is energized and the contact set 111 is closed wi.rd. The next opening of the switch 101 excites the winding 102 and closes the contact sets 108 and 113. The next closing of the switch 101 establishes a connection through the contact set 98, the switch 101, the contact set 99, the contact set 108 and the Relay winding 96 produced, which bypasses the winding 95 and thus removes the excitation of this winding and the contact set 97 opens. The next opening of the switch 101 leads to the cancellation of the excitation of the winding 96 and thus to the opening of the contact sets 98 and 99. The next time the switch 101 is closed

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a connection through winding 112, contact set 113, the collector-emitter junction of transistor 114, the Diode 115, the switch 101, the diode 102 and the emitter-collector -Stay of the transistor 103 to wire 11, whereby the relay 110 is bridged and thus de-energized, which results in the contact set 111 opening. Me The next time the switch is opened, winding 112 is de-energized and sets by opening the contact sets 108 and 113 the 7 shows the original state of the circuit restore »■ ·

At this point it should be emphasized again that the circuit arrangements described above for formation can be combined and expanded by meters with different information capacities and capabilities. Since the attempt to explain all the configurations and combinations would lead too far, reference is made to the above References from which zi | can be seen how such combinations can be made,

In order to better and more clearly understand the type of implementation

To make it hourly is discussed in connection with Fig. 8, the

'shows a six-relay counter ⁴ , besahrieben a further circuit according to the invention.

The iechs + Relaia windings are designated in ■ ψβ « 8 134 and 135. The windings 130 and 13.1-. are with a normally open contact s & ta 136 _f ö © r ätirofe

309812 / ÜSaS _ w »

Excitation of the winding 130 is actuated, connected in series. The windings 132 and 133 are connected in series with a normally open contact set 137 actuated by energizing the winding 133 between the wires 10 and 11. The '134 winding is in series with a normally open contact set 138 and a conventional one Semiconductor diode 139 connected between wires 10 and 11. The winding 135 is normally open Contact set 140 connected in series, which is connected to the wire and actuated by energizing the winding 135 will. The series connection of the winding 135 and the contact set 140 let the series connection of the winding 134 and the Diode 139 is connected in parallel and is in series with the contact set 138, while a diode 141 bridges the winding 135 | to facilitate their arousal

The winding 131 is connected to the actuation of two single-pole switching contacts 142 and 143. The moving ones Contact pieces of these contact sets are to

■ ■ - I

opposite sides of a push button switch 151 connected, whose openings and closings are to be counted. The normally open permanent contact dea Contact set 142 is connected to wire 10, while the normally closed fixed contact dea Kontaktaataea 143 is connected to the vein 11 «The normalorweise geachloaaene Fest-Kontakt dta Kontaktaabaea 142 and the ί normally open feat-son tact of the contact? sat au a 143 '> ■ ind to the moving contact pieces of contact amounts 146 t,

309112/0910 - 33 - j

. ' ■

ί or connected 14-7, which are operated by energization of the winding 132nd "The normally closed .ge s e contact of the contact set 14-6 is connected to the cathode of a diode 144 and the normally open contact of this contact set to the cathodes of Diodes 14-8 and 14-9 connected. The normally open contact of the contact set 14-7 is connected to the anodes of the diodes 14-5 and I50 and the normally closed contact of the contact set 14-7 is connected to the anode of a diode 152. The anode of the diode 14-4- and the cathode of the Diodes 14-5 are connected to the positive or negative side of the normally open contact set

The anode of the diode .14-8 and the cathode of the diode 152 are on opposite sides of the contact set 137 πι it its connecting lines to the relay windings 132 or “. 133 connected * The anode of the diode 14-9 is routed ₉ for the connection between the winding 134- and the diode 139 and the cathode of the diode 15Ο is connected to the connection line between the contact set .14-0 and the winding 135.

The operation of this circuit is briefly explained below. The first closing process of switch I5I establishes a connection through winding I30, contact sets 14b and 142, switch I5I and the contact set to wire 11 _e. This energizes winding I30 and closes contact set 13b. By opening the switch 151, the coil is energized I3I, tso that the contact

309812/0980 ~, _

R-positions 142 and 143 are moved into a switching position which is opposite to the current position shown in i'igo B. The next closing vox-gang via switch 151 sciiiielit a connection dux-ch the contact set 14-2, the switch 151, the contact sets 143 and 147, the diode 152 and the winding 153 »whereby this winding is energized and the contact set 157 is closed will. The next üffnungsvorgang the switch I5I excites the winding 132 and ver stelit the Konuaktsiitze 146 and 147 into their opposite "jC halt st RECOVERY.

The third closing process of switch I5I produces an oinaumü through the contact set 142, the switch 151, the Koiitaictsatz 14p and 147, the diode 145 and the winding, so that the winding I30 is de-energized and the contact set is opened. The next opening of the switch I5I removes the excitation of the JicLlung 13I, so that the contact sets 142 and 143 in their in i'ig. β back switch positions shown. The fourth closing operation of switch 141 establishes parallel connections through windings 152 and 134 and diodes 148 and 149 to contact set 14 (: which are connected at this point and in series with contact set 142, then switch 151 and contact set 143 Wire 11. This first bridges the winding 133 and thus opens the contact set 157, imrch the real time hiTeijun;. ¹ : the wii-d the Lon clock sat: ^7th Ί *> 8 gouchlosson

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2245789

nachα bo üi'fnun "vprgaa ^ de :; ... chalbers -15 '" 1 interrupt the nalcesbromkreis of the winding "ί> -, so that £ di. * se -.iwicklung becomes ütruiiilOH and the contact set?) 1-' k5 and -R / ^{1 in.} their in l ^f 'V; _o .., represented ..jChaltütdlungen suri.ic; Kuhren ₀

The closing process of the container 151 bells again, wit; a ^ connection through the winding *] '$ υ already in the first remaining process. ". υ da-S this winding excitb \ -i ± cd una dea ium, act set · 1p6 close ^ b. in this .ochalt division isb . D ο v / o lil the wiciu-ims 1pO as well as divj winding X5 ^L V. excit b ₀ The next five five processes lead to an excitation of the · ■ iXu ₁ I.lung. Ι3Ί and thus to a circuit- der Ivonüakbaätze ί42 and \ ^L i ~ ') _o Dex'iiäciisbe closing process, put b a connection; ·; through the Konbaicbsaca 1 ^> the switch '15 ^> the KonbaktBÜti-ie Ί43 and i-'l · /', the jjiode Ί52 and the development 133 hear, through which the Konbakesatz 137 is closed. The nichabe opening process orregb the development 132 and switches between contact sabzö 14t> and 147p. 132, 133 and 134 are all excited. The seventh: the closing process creates a connection through the contact set 142, the switch 151, the contact housings 143 and 147, the diode 150, the winding 135 and the connector akbsabz 138, whereby the winding 135 is energized and the Koncakbsatz 140 is closed, which keeps the 'winding in its energized state'. At the same time, there is a parallel connection of the contact set 147 through the diode 145 and the winding I3I, through which the winding 130 bridges

■. - 38 - ■

309812/0900

BATH ORIGINAL

iuiu whose l'JfL'u. ; αΐι ,, uiu ^ tiuobt, ii will, with the FoL ^ e ₁ daij der LüiiL-ilifccat;:.; l>-> v, i <■ {<:! ■ o _i .i '(i " ⁱ fc _J

i) .r nüch.ibe UrCf] Un ₄ ; r>before.; a, ■ <;·; de :; ijelial learning 1 ^ 1 makes the ./LcJkLiuii? IpI sti · .niio .; uiia lets the 'ick fuses ' \ 52 _t 1 ^? _f '\ -y \ - and 135 orre-'ü. The naclr,; be ^ c ¹ -ii (; i.) Vorgan _t '; of the iichal-Lers iibei'brücken dio ; l LckLuiL :; 1 ^ 3 »'Ii- ^ so that alroiaLou becomes. at the next üft-'nun ^ üνοι ·;. ^ · .ι, \: Ί \ ~ · ό a.Lc '. <ickLun, -j .'Y'j'd strom-Lo:;, wüh: ona di : windings 'V'jtV unu 1? 5 stay excited. The next closing pre ^ an, · ,; represents v.io at the first Üculielivor-V; aiiß a connection-; ciuicn die v / iciklun ^ 130 her, and at the next opening.3 process the ./icklurii·; l ^ 'l excited. iie in the next i-ionlioLvoL ^ ang. will uie t / ickluni; 'V $ 2 excited "The verb Leibeiiden windings are not affected, so that in this bciiaU; state all official windings are excited"

in this LichaltsbeLlun /; you can choose one of two alternatives to the previous one. One of these alternatives is the actuation of a reset switch, not shown, which would interrupt the voltage supply and would make all the heats currentless. Otherwise, the bctnilter can be operated one after the other in order to de-energize the heaters one after the other in the manner described above. Ha follows a i'abelle to represent the x'Olge the ücha · Lt operations in the scarf tune by Flg. ö from the zero state to the fully excited switching state *

309812/0980

BATH ORIGINAL

TABEL • p 132 133 IV WD ^ O Switching process Winding 130 131 O O 134 O Zero state O O O O O O 1. Close 1 O O ο ■ O ö 1 · open 1 1 1 O O O 2. Close 1 Ί 1 1 O O 2. Open 1 1 1 1 O O 3. Close O 1 1 1 O O 3. Open O O O 1 O O 4-. Conclude O O O ο ■ 1 O 4 ·. to open O O O O 1 O 5. Close 1 O O O 1 O 5. Open 1 1 1 O 1 O 6. Close 1 1 1 1 1 1 6. Open 1 1 1 1 1 1 7. Close O 1 1 1 1 1 7. Open O O O 1 1 1 β. Conclude O O O O 1 1 8. Open O O O O 1 1 9. Close 1 O O O 1 1 9. Open 1 1 1 O 1 1 .10 .. Close 1 1 1 1 1 10. Open 1 1 1 '

It should be noted that it bchaltungen the special circumstances in the discussion here Various may be required to energize the relay under different conditions, ie with an _e lying between the veins of Netzleituntf relay or two in 3erie

30981'2 / OaeO

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switched relays «In this connection it should be noted that the relays are designed for excitation at a voltage which
less than half as great as the supply voltage, must be suitable, and that on the other hand the windings are capable
must be able to withstand a constant tension in the size of the storage tension or an even greater tension without damage. Reed relays, for example, which enclose a glass housing with a glass housing, meet these requirements
Have excitation winding and magnetically operated contacts arranged in it

Of course, multiple contact relays can also do this Design can be used where it is desired to provide an output to indicate excitation states

- PATENT CLAIMS

309812/0980

Claims (4)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Counting circuit with a mains connection, characterized in that at this mains connection (1O _S 11 ") a first branch with the series connection of a first and second actuator (12, 14; 32, 34) and a first, by the excitation of the first actuator (12; 32) controlled switch (13; 33) is connected, that optionally the first actuator and the first switch a second line branch and the second actuator and the first switch a third line branch can be switched in parallel, that the second and third line branches have a common ¹ -seem part that in this common part a second switch (21; 41) that can be actuated as a function of the processes to be counted is arranged, and that a third switching device which is effective as a function of the excitation of the second actuating element (14; 34) (15, 16; 39, 40) for establishing the parallel connection of the second or third line branch with the respective part of the first en line branch is provided, 2. Counting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuators are electromagnetic elements are. - 42 - 309812/0980 3. Counting circuit according to claim 1 or 2 _t, characterized in that the first switch (13; 33) consists of a normally open set of contacts which is located between the first (12; 32) and the second (14; 34) actuator. 4. Counting circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that that the third switching device has two single pole Umschal tkontaktsät ze (13, 16; 39, 40) that the movable contact piece each of these contact sets with the second switch (21; 41) is connected that a Fixed contact of each of these two sets of contacts is connected to a respective connection (10, 11) of the mains connection and that the other Pest contacts of the two sets of contacts are connected to the first switch (13; 33) are. 5 Counting circuit according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that in addition a fourth branch with a series connection of a third and fourth actuator (36, 38) and a fourth switch controlled by the excitation of the third actuator (38) (37) is connected to the mains connection, and that a fifth, depending on the state of excitation the fourth actuator (36) effective switching device (42, 43) for the optional connection of the second or third line branch is provided with at least part of the fourth line branch » 309812/0980 Le e rs e11