DE2239895B2 - LUBRICANT FOR CUTTING HOT METAL - Google Patents

Description

and - added up to 100 percent by weight - from the effort required to cut.

Castor oil exists as an oil solvent. The purpose of the present invention is elimination the above disadvantages.

15 The invention is based on the object a

Lubricant for use in cutting

to provide hot metal, in the composition of which new components are introduced that at allow a certain percentage ratio

The present invention relates to lubricants, ao would, when the metal is heated! «; on a tempe-

those when cutting hot metal! in the temperature from 700 to 1200 C the toxicity of the lubricant

in the tailurgical industry. to exclude the effort required when cutting

To reduce the use of a lubricant when cutting and thus the effectiveness of the

that of hot metal allows the wear and tear of the lubricant to increase.

To reduce cutting tool significantly, the force as the subject of the invention is a lubricant for

reduce the effort involved in cutting and also reduce the cutting of hot metal, which is

Working conditions of the operating personnel are marked that it consists of:

improve. 15 ^ j ₅ j ^ q weight percent aluminum powder,

Nowadays, lubricants for treatment are _{2 bjs 3 5} percent by weight graphite,

of hot metal based on graphite and 30 15 to 2θΌ percent by weight of green potash soaps

a ölsolvens widespread, a function 'p _ETTs ä _U ren and - Gewiehts- 100

Corresponding percentage supplemented by their narrow application - from castor oil as

Trimmings included. Oil solvent.

From the Soviet patent 3 20 524 z. B.

a lubricant that is used when cutting hot 35. Such a composition of the lubricant Metail is known, which ensures a substantial reduction in the force composition as follows (in percent by weight): 35 to 43 effort when cutting the metal and allows bitumen, 21 up to 26 aluminum powder, 3 to 8 graphite, to exclude its toxicity.
9.5 to 1.5 calcium oxide and the remainder mineral oil. The main properties of the lubricant, however, the known lubricant has the following disadvantages caused by the aluminum powder (or small chips). that melts at 660X and at high temperatures. In direct petroleum distillation, the temperatures are such physico-chemical properties, distillation products (fractions) with different such as surface saturation of the metal, which boiling temperatures (gasoline, ligroin, petroleum under to increase the heat resistance of the Contact other) and received as residue Masut. The vacuum distillation of the mousse from 700 to 1200 C, to increase the wear oil fractions and in the residue, Goudron is obtained on the surfaces when they are heated to a temperature. strength and to form a surface structure

Which through direct distillation, cracking process and contributes.

Purification obtained higher petroleum fractions and the comparative experiments to demonstrate the technical

Products made from it can be dissolved in 5 ° effect are not required, as in the known

State of volatile hydrocarbons (and other lubricants (German patents 961 482 and

Substances) which, especially when heated, 8 29 038) lacks the component that the invention

evaporate. appropriate lubricant the novelty and the tech-

With strong heating of these products, which gives progress from the niche, namely the free aluminum

higher petroleum fractions can be obtained, 55 nium (aluminum powder). This allows a forging

Evaporation of practically in ordinary spaces at temperatures in the range of 700 to 1200 C,

temperature non-volatile components, in which the fillers and binders of the known

and after the evaporated substance has cooled down, lubricant (German patent specification 9 61 482) itself

there is a mist in the air. decompose completely, burn or cursed

Hci heating in the course of machining up to 500 ^{° C.}

and higher is the cleavage of the high molecular weight carbon.

lenhydrogen with the formation of substances with writing 8 29 038. in which as a filler primarily oil

greater volatility possible. use; it already occurs at temperatures

With a wide use of bitumen at large from over 220 to 300 C to a complete combustion

SSCN metal Konlaktfliichcn without corresponding Venti- ⁶ 5 voltage of the latter and on the contact surfaces in the

lation or local extraction of the combustion pro-cut zone remains metal dust, which in the dry

Products can therefore have toxic effects, when new condition has no lubricating properties. In

due to volatile constituents. certain cases, such as B. in the case of iron dust or other

3 O 4

Their metal dust with a high melting point leads to the specific gravity ί, 24

Use of the known lubricant for cutting penetration at 25 ⁰ C 252

that of hot rolled steel to worsen the ignition temperature after burning

Cutting process, because the grease lubricant when kening in C 375 Contact with the Me- 5 solidification temperature heated to 700 to 1200 C in "C 26

valley surface quickly volatilizes and the water content in% is not higher than. 1.75

Contact surfaces of the steel powder cutting tool underneath:

leaves behind, which increases the friction index, which is 1.0 at the expense of the graphite

Kits an increase in the effort required for the at the expense of castor oil 0.25 Cutting process, a reduction in the quality of the i ° at the expense of the potassium soap 0.5

tu treated surfaces, a strong reaction at 25 "C neutral

wear of the tool and in some cases even reaction after enduring heat in the

a deformation of the same entails. Thermostat for 6 h at 100''C neutral

The main advantages of the proposed lubricant- solubility at 15 to 20'C

tels consist of the following: 15 in ethyl alcohol completely

The lubricating properties of the invention. in cold gasoline completely Lubricants are primarily a homogeneous, dough-like mass due to their aluminum consistency

nium powder, which adheres to the metal surface at a temperature of well and at

630 C melts and not only high lubricating properties on a 100-100 mm plate

has ten, but also a surface saturation *> for 6 hours from slipping off and entbföß-

of the steel, which forms an increase in the heat-resistant areas .

wedge of the contact surfaces when heated to temperature.

temperatures from 700 to 1200 C as well as their wear _{and color} heat resistance test during

strength through the formation of new surface structures 3 _h at 60 C - the lubricant does not melt and

«* Works. . . . ² S does _not exude any oil droplets .

Graphite is because of its lubricating property. _{In the test for} chemical resistance wähhohen temperatures sow.e as a reducing agent to _{rend 72 h bej 100 c cntstehen on the} lubricant preventing the transition from Al to Al ₂ O _{3 top} comparable f | äche no crusts, films and obscurations.

^We ? f · ¹ 'r i- r>, corrosion tests of the polished samples

Potash soaps of fatty acids (Palmitin-, Stcar.n- and 3 ° _Stah , _{45 during 48 n} ^, 30 _C. Covered with a

Oleic acid) are used as a binder and a _{2 mm thick} lubricant layer does not result in any

to create a microlayer on the contact _xUung% . _and traces of oxidation,

surface that the viscous film to melt _{Djc Toxi / dc & iläl} lubricant qualitative

of aluminum powder. _{and quanlltalivcn} provisions, at the workplace

Castor oil is used as a solvent. Iks high 35 f _cst " _cslc || _ti is:
Flame temperature (275 C) and lower fire alarm

temperature (-16.6 C) it is characterized by a ._ CO ₂ up to 0.04% (with a before cutting

low ash content (0.00 «) and the lack of a characteristic value of 0.03%, which is determined by damage);

sio? fea ⁿ u ^C f ^{ANiSCe cRunCinGs And volatile} ₄₀ - CC) traces up to 6.2 mg / m »(depending on the permissible

The lubricant according to the invention allows a limit concentration in the air of 20 mg / m ³ ):

Forced conveyance through pipes in the cut / onc. Acrolein up to 0.26 mg / m * (at the permissible limit

When cutting, all the lubricant concentration in the air (0.7 mg / m ³ ) decomposes.
components with the exception of the aluminum powder

as a result of the high temperatures and volatilization. 45 The melting temperature of the lubricant is certain. The aluminum powder melts and covers a sufficiently high level and makes up 4OG up to 420 C. The ermicrofilm the contact surface of the cutting tool soft lubricant remains viscous and the ability and thus fulfills its lubricating function. a sufficiently thick film on the metal plate

to form is retained.

Example '50 The supply of lubricant to the cutting

A lubricant for cutting hot mezone is inevitably made through pipes. On contact

According to the invention, the metal is made very tough with the heated metal.

mix 15 weight percent aluminum powder., liquid, flows off freely and wets the surface of the

2 percent by weight of graphite and 15 percent by weight of the cutting tool and the metal to be processed,

made of green soap. The mixture obtained is 55 The proposed lubricant is characterized by

dissolved in 8 percent by weight castor oil. high lubricating properties with high heating

. . . temperatures of the contact surface of the

Bcispicl 2 border metal and the tool, reduces the

According to the invention, a lubricant is applied by carefully applying force when cutting the hot metal

fältiges by mixing 25 percent by weight aluminum ^6o! 5 to 20%, compared to the existing Schmicrminiumpuder, 3.5 weight percent graphite and 20Gc- means enables the hot metal compression set,

by weight of green soap. D; i ', the cutting obtained without applying a local or

Mixture is in 51.5 percent by weight Ri / muso! on a total exchange ventilation because of the low

solved. loxicity: les lubricant.

The lubricant prepared in Examples I and 2 x ⁶ 5 In addition, the tool has simultaneously lubricated medium has the following physical and chemical hii-CN and released without the oxidation of the surface

■ .rhiifte · takes place.

Claims (1)

In addition, those used as a solvent are at Patent claim - catalytic mineral oils produced by crude oil, represent a residue for you, received after removal Lubricant for cutting hot fractions with low boiling temperature Metal, characterized in that 5 and diesel fuel fractions, are highly carcinogenic. The- _{it comes from:} these properties are the main content of the fractions depending on the temperature higher than 15 to 25.0 percent by weight aluminum powder, 400X simmer (the most dangerous fraction is that , 1 u- ^S in percent by weight graphite which is _{distilled in the range from 500} to 600 C). 15 to 20.0 percent by weight of green cheese soaps are the _main disadvantage of the well-known lubricant Fatty acids _{mJ; Tejs JST also still} j _{e n} relatively large