DE2239895A1 - LUBRICANT FOR CUTTING HOT METAL - Google Patents

Description

Vzezoyusnyj nautschno-issledovatelsky Institut ochrany truda WZSPS,

USSR, Tbilisi, prospectus I. Chavchavadze, 51

.LUBRICANT FOR CUTTING HOT METAL (Priority: August 18, 1971 USSR No. 1685362)

The present invention relates to lubricants which when cutting hot metal in the metallurgical Industry can be used.

The use of a lubricant when cutting hot metal allows for wear and tear to reduce the cutting tool significantly, to reduce the effort required when cutting and also to reduce the working conditions of the operating personnel.

Nowadays, are widely used lubricant for the treatment of hot i.Ietall, the appropriate on the basis of Ciraphit and a ölsolvens _s are prepared which, depending on their narrow Anvvendungszweck Components-309812/1097

th can be added.

For example, a lubricant is widely known that is used when cutting hot metal, the composition of which includes (in% by weight ) : 38-43 bitumen, 21-26 aluminum powder,> -ti graphite, 915-1 »5 calcium oxide and which reads miner al oil.

However, the aforesaid lubricant has the following Disadvantages on.

It is well known that direct oil distillation Distillation products (fractions) with different boiling temperatures (Gasoline, ligroin, petroleum, etc.) and obtained as residue Llasut. In the subsequent vacuum distillation of the Masute, oil fractions and, in the residue, Goudron are obtained.

The nigung by direct distillation, cracking process and H higher oil fractions obtained and the products made from it can in the dissolved state volatile hydrocarbons (and other substances contained that are especially when heated verdampfungsfähi _o ·.

If these products, which are obtained from the higher petroleum fractions, are heated to a great extent, the evaporation a of practically non-volatile at normal room temperature Components occur, and after the vaporized substance has cooled down, mist can form in the air.

When heated in the course of the work process of processing up to 500 ⁰ C and higher, the cleavage of the hociinolecular Koiilenvjasserstoffe is with the formation of substances

309812/1097

I am able to escape greater flight.

When bitumen is widely used on large areas of light contact without adequate ventilation or Local suction of the combustion products can therefore be toxic Effects caused by volatile components, appear.

In addition, the mineral oils used as solvents and produced in catalytic oil cracking, which represent a residue obtained after removal of fractions with a low boiling temperature and diesel fuel fractions, are highly carcinogenic. Properties are dependent on the content of the fractions which ^{boil at a higher temperature than A-OO 0} C (the most dangerous fraction is that which is ^{distilled in the range of 500-60O 0} C).

A major disadvantage of the known lubricant is a relatively high expenditure of force when cutting the.

The purpose of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks.

The invention is based on the object of producing a lubricant for use when cutting hot metal, in the composition of which new components are introduced which, at a certain percentage ratio, would allow the metal to be heated to a temperature of 700 1200 ⁰ C the toxicity of the

3 0 9 3 1-2 / 1097

Exclude lubricant, the effort required when cutting to reduce and thus the effectiveness of the lubricant ~ means to enlarge.

This object is achieved by the preparation of a Sci'imiermittels applied in the cutting of metal, which aluminum powder, and graphite contains ülsolvens _t wherein according to the invention as Ölsolvens green soap at the following ratio of the components in% by weight was introduced into the composition of the lubricant. 15- 25 aluminum powder, 2 - 3.5 graphite, 15 - 20 green soap and the rest castor oil.

Such a composition of the lubricant is ensured a significant reduction in the effort required when cutting the metal and allows its toxicity to exclude.

The main properties of the lubricant are ensured by aluminum powder (or small chips), which melts at 660 C and at high temperatures has such physico-chemical properties as surface saturation of the metal, which increase the heat resistance of the contact surfaces when they are heated to a temperature of 700- 1200 ⁰ C, contributes to increasing the wear resistance and to the formation of a surface structure.

Graphite is used as a component that is able to

30981 11 1097

_ 5 -

tion can be realized at high temperatures and used as a means of editing, which allows the possibility of the transition from aluminum to Al ₂ O ₇ . prevent.

Green Fatty Acids (Palmitin-j Stearin-, Oleic acid) is used as a binder and also for formation a microlayer on the contact surface ^ which the viscous PiIm until the JÜ-uininium powder has melted maintains «,

Castor oil is · used as a solvent »At a high ignition temperature (275 ° G) and a low first ar-. tion temperature (~ 16 ₉ 6 ° G) it is characterized by an insignificant ash content (O ₈ OOS) ₉ absence of harmful mechanical admixtures and toxic volatile substances. Embodiments of the present invention are also given. ·

example 1

A lubricant for cutting hot

According to the invention, metal is produced by carefully mixing 15% by weight of aluminum powder ₉ 2% graphite ^ 15 GeWojS green © soap. The mixture obtained is dissolved in 8% by weight of castor oil

Example 2

A lubricant is used according to the invention. careful mixing voa 25 wt% aluminum powder _{o 9-5 o D} 5 percent graphite J .; 20 percent "green © soap made?

The recovered mixture is dissolved in 5I ₈ 5 Gera _o % castor oil o

The lubricant prepared in Examples 1 and 2 has the following physical and chemical properties specific gravity 1.24

Penetration at 25 ° C 252

Ignition temperature after Brenken in ° C 375 First arresting at ur in ⁰ C 26

Water content in ρ not higher than 1.75 including:

* at the expense of graphite 1.0

at the expense of liizinusöl 0.25

at the expense of potassium soap 0.5

Reaction at 25 ° G neutral

Reaction after holding heat in the thermostat

neutral for 6 hours at 100 ⁰ C.

Solubility at 15-20 ⁰ C

in ethyl alcohol * completely

in cold gasoline completely

Consistency of a homogeneous, dough-like mass that works well

adheres to the metal surface and when applied to a 100x100 mn large plate not for 6 hours,

slips off and does not form exposed areas.
Outward appearance and color - a lass of silver _and gray

■ .7är :: resistance test; while J hours at 60 ⁰ C - the lubricant does not melt and ruled out any ültropfen.

12/1097

When testing for chemical resistance for hours at 10O ⁰ G, no crusts, films or darkening occur on the lubricant surface.

Corrosion testing of the polished samples of steel during 48 hours at 130 ⁰ C, covered with a 2 mm-thick layer of lubricant found no decomposition and oxide at i ons sp ur s.

! opacity of the lubricant, according to qualitative and quantitative determinations determined at the workplace, amounts to:

- CO ₂ up to 0.04 % (with a characteristic value of 0.03% determined before cutting)

- CO traces up to 6.2 mg / nr (at the permissible limit concentration in the air 20 mg / nr) 5

- Acrolein up to 0.26 µg / nr (at the permissible limit concentration in the air 0j ₁ ? Mg / nr).

The melting temperature of the lubricant is sufficiently high and makes 400-420 ⁰ C from. The softened lubricant remains viscous and the ability to form a sufficiently thick film on the metal plate is retained.

The supply of the lubricant in; The cutting zone is inevitably carried out by tubes, when it comes into contact with the heated metal, it becomes viscous "flows off freely and wets the surface of the cutting tool and the metal to be processed. The proposed lubricant is characterized by high lubricating properties and high temperatures of the contact surface des zn loading

309812/1097

working out the metal and the tool, reduces the effort required! while cutting the hot metal by 15-20% compared to the existing lubricants, the hot metal pressure deformation enables cutting without local or total exchange ventilation because of the low toxicity of the lubricant.

In addition, the tool is lubricated and at the same time clarified without the surface being oxidized.

3 C 9 8 1? / 1 0 9 7

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIM Lubricant for cutting hot » Metal! containing aluminum powder, graphite and oil solvents, characterized in that it contains castor oil as the oil solvent and in the composition the lubricant green soap in the following Ratio of the components (in Gewo): 15 - 25 aluminum uinpud er, 2 - 3.5 graphite, 15 - 20 green soap and the The remainder of the castor oil is present. 309812/1097 BATH