DE2238003C3 - Process for activating plastic surfaces - Google Patents

Description

³ 4

Non-precious metal a secondary reducing agent including paraformaldehyde, trioxane, glyoxal, di-

holds, which not all the reduction of the dissolved methylhydantoin and trioxymethylene.

Metal salt can cause, and that the so pre-As complexing agent for the sensitizing solution

such organic compounds are preferably suitable

Solution of a primary reduction agent containing at least one aroin, hydroxyl or carb

the, where by the interaction of the two reoxy groups contain, for example salts of the

reducing agent the metal salt to a catalytic alkanolamine, the nitrilotriacetic acid and the GIu-

Effective, electrically non-conductive coating made of metallonic acid and Rochelle salt.

germs is reduced. _{A preferred} sensitizing solution contains than

This makes it possible to use a copper salt as a catalyst and a complexing agent on noble metals

Sators for electroless metal deposition completely to N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylenediamine.

dispense. By making the activating solution suitable solvents for the metal salt solution

in addition to a reducible non-noble metal salt, there are also dimethylformamide, for example, in addition to water,

a secondary reducing agent such as formaldehyde and methanol, n-butanol, trichlorethylene, ethyl acetate

its derivatives, contains and the secondary 15 and acetone.

reducing agent is such that it alone is not sufficient to facilitate the reduction process, a reduction of the dissolved metal salt has proven to be advantageous to effect the metal salt-containing, especially for the industrial sensitization solution as a reduction accelerator production method, very stable working conditions with a compound result of a metal ion, preferably of correspondingly constant results. There- fore tin, silver, palladium, gold, mercury, cobalt, with an industrially advantageously applicable nickel or zinc, to be added in small quantities. Proposed driving, which is an activation special, tin chloride, palladium chloride, solution uses, which does not require precious metal compounds gold chloride, zinc chloride, cobalt chloride and nickel and is only in a preferred auschloride. The amount of the reduction accelerator exemplary embodiment of a very small addition of 25 is generally from 1 mg / 1 to 2 g / l.
Reduction accelerators made from noble metal compounds The ratio of the individual components in the gene used, but the sensitizing solution, which then does not contain the activating metal salt, is not medium and, due to its small proportion, is critical as long as there is enough reduction in the solution. The essential basic means is there to theoretically reduce all metal salt thought in the present process also consists of 30. If a complexing agent is present in the solution using a primary and secondary reducing agent, its amount should be sufficient to bind all of the complexes by means of the secondary reducing agent alone in metal cations. Preference is given to the presence of the non-noble metal complex for reducing both the reducing agent and the complexing of the metal salt is not sufficient, but these formers are present in excess on a stoichiometric basis in cooperation with the primary reduction basis, the excess is preferably for each of the agents in a further process step components take place about 1.1 to 10 times. He can. The interaction of the two re-metal salt contents is also not critical, the amount of reducing agent a considerably increased reduction of between 0.1 to 50 parts by weight to 100 volume rate is achieved and a practically full part solvent is preferred here.
constant reduction of the metal salts present 40 Suitable primary reducing agents are carried out above all. The complete reduction has the essential advantage of aqueous and non-aqueous solutions of boranes that a relatively high density of metal nuclei are obtained as a result of which are relatively hydrid, substituted borohydrides and amine boranes. Alkali metal and earth cans are preferred, so that an increased adhesive strength of the electroless alkali metal and substituted ammonium borohydric deposited metal layer and a more homogeneous 45 third, for example dimethyl, diethyl, diisopropyl and more complete coating of the plastic surface amine borane, morpholinoborane, alkali metal trialkoxy surface in borohydride and similar compounds achieve a comparably short deposition time.
can be. In addition to water, organic solvents are

According to a preferred development of the invention, solvents which do not react with the reducing manure, the metal salt solution contains a complexing agent, for example dimethylformamide, Forming agent, which has an additional stabilizing effect and using methanol, n-butanol. The concentration of the Redukwelchem what is achieved is that the amount of secondary agent is not critical; it is preferred Reducing agent optimal for the interaction of 0.5 to 100 parts by weight to 1000 parts by volume Reduc solvent taking place with the primary reducing agent.

tion to metal nuclei can be selected without 55 In order to achieve high adhesive strengths, it is essential

thereby the stability of the metal salt-containing sensitivities borrowed that the surface to be metallized is clean.

solution would be jeopardized. Corresponding sub- Usually this can be done by dry cleaning,

Research has shown that the preferred metal - possibly combined with a corresponding

salts those of copper, nickel, cobalt and iron as well as pretreatment of non-polar surfaces

Mixtures of these salts can be used. Lo- 60 be. The aim of pretreatment is to get a good

Solutions with these salts result in a sensitization to create a wettable, polar, microporous surface.

which in their activity are practically equal to that of the known. This is usually done by treating with

Noble metal catalyzing process is. By way of solutions that attack plastic, namely

If the noble metal compounds are used as a catalyst, acids or bases are obtained. May be

However, if there is a substantial improvement in the host, it may be expedient to use the surface before or during

economic efficiency. Etching process with a solvent, for example

Suitable secondary reducing agents are, for example, dimethylformamide or dimethyl sulfoxide Formaldehyde and its derivatives.

In the following, the invention is explained in more detail by means of examples. If desired, this can be done in a known manner. shown: be amplified vanically.

Example I Example II

As a starting material for the production of a 5 A not with a is used as a starting material printed circuit board with metallized perforated metal foil laminated, glass fiber reinforced epoxy dung A laminate laminated with a copper foil is used. Since the surface of such _ MaJe-Epoxyd-Glasfiber-Preßschichtstoff. This is generally not polar, it is as follows next provided with those holes, the walls of which have been pretreated:

are to be metallized. Then, the surface mono- io / _{a n} ^ Ej _AUC t hen for 5 minutes in dimethylformamide finally the hole walls with a hot, (Spec. Wt. From 0.974 to 0.96 g / cm ³ at 24 ⁰ C) and

alkaline detergent solution cleaned and for 1 to drain the liquid for about 15 seconds;

Immersed in the following solution for 2 minutes: (b) Rinsing in a mixture of 9 parts by volume

Copper sulfate 25 g of ethyl acetate and 1 part by volume of dimethylformamide

N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis- (2-hydroxy- ¹⁵ for 30 seconds; drain for 15 seconds;

propyO-ethylenediamine 40 g (c) repetition of step (b) in a new solution

Formaldehyde (37%) 50 ml medium mixture;

Water around 1000 ml of solution (d) immersion for 5 minutes at 40 to 45 C in

to manufacture. Bathroom consisting of

ao _Cr o ₃ 80 to 100 g / l

The surface is air-dried and then H SO! 200 to 250 ml / l

In the primary reducing agent solution, the following additional fluorinated

composition: hydrocarbon 0.5 g / l

Sodium borohydride 5 g water to make 1 liter of bath water to make 1000 ml of solution ²⁵ liquid;

to manufacture. (e) neutralizing the surface in potassium bisulfite

solution and rinse in water.
After about 3 to 5 minutes of exposure time shows

the surface a dark discoloration, which is caused by the now polar, microporous surface

The layer formed from reduced metal nuclei is treated further as described in Example 1. Conditional will. The metal salt sensitization solutions preferred for electroless metal separation according to the dung sensitized surface including the hole invention and preferred primary reducing agent walls Then in an electroless solution are in Tables I and II together-plating bath covered with a metal layer. placed.

Table I ^

Sensitization solutions no.

12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Copper acetate, g 2

Copper nitrate, g 2.5

Copper sulfate, g 25 25 25 5 5 5 5

Nickel sulfate, g 30

Nickel (II) chloride, g 30

Cobalt (II) chloride, g 5 1

Iron (II) sulfate, g 30

Formaldehyde, ml 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 20

Paraformaldehyde, g 20 20

N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis- (2-hydroxy- 40 5 40 40 8

propyl) ethylenediamine, g

Sodium citrate, 50 g

Rochelle salt, g 11 10 10

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, g 14

Glyoxal, ml 20

Palladium chloride, 10 mg

Silver nitrate, 10 mg

Water to make liters 1 111 1111

Methanol for making 1 11

of liters

Dimethylformamide for making liters
1-butanol for manufacturing
of liters

Table II

Primary reducing agent

solutions no.

12 3 4

Tetramethylammonium borohydride, g dimethylamine borane, g sodium borohydride, g Sodium hydroxide, g water for solution of, ml

Dimethylformamide for solution of, ml

5 7.5 (o) 1000 1000 1000

10

20th

38 1000

1000

A typical process sequence according to the invention consists of the following steps:

1. Treating a suitable surface with a solution from Table 1;

2. Treating the surface with a primary reducing solution according to Table II, which results in

ίο a non-electrically conductive layer made of redu ornate metal sprouting forms;

3. Electroless deposition of a metal layer on the surface sensitized in this way.

Claims (10)

11. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary reducing agent is an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium 1. Process for the activation of plastic borohydride, a substituted borohydride or a surface for the subsequent electroless 5 amine borane is used.
Metal coating in the production of printed 12. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the plastic surface indicates that thylformamide is used as a solvent for the surfaces, optionally after appropriate primary reducing agent, water and / or dimer cleaning in the electroless metal deposition. from autocatalytic metallization bath solutions io
catalytically active solutions from reducible Introduced metal salts and these metal salts subsequently reduced, characterized in that the plastic surfaces are first coated with an activating solution which, in addition to at least one activation of plastic surfaces for their reducible salt of a non-noble metal, is followed by an electroless metal coating with secondary reducing agents contains, which is not the position of printed circuit boards, in which only the reduction of the dissolved metal salt can affect plastic surfaces, if necessary, and that the so pretreated so chender pre-cleaning in the electroless metal-plastic surfaces subsequently with a solder deposition from autocatalytic Metallisierungssung a The primary reducing agent is used to treat catalytically active solutions from the solutions, whereby reducible metal salts are introduced through the interaction of both reducible metal salts and these reducing agents convert the metal salt into a catalytic metal oil salts are subsequently reduced,
table-effective, electrically non-conductive covering 35 According to known methods, metal nuclei are reduced to metallic. sizing plastic surfaces for activation for the 2. The method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it is electroless metal deposition after the corresponding draws that in the activation solution a salt cleaning, for example with a copper or a the organic solvents containing copper, nickel, cobalt and / or iron and nickel salt, treated as a secondary reducing agent formaldehyde or 30 and, after reduction, the metal thereof Derivatives, including paraform salts, are carefully rinsed to form metallic germs aldehyde, trioxane, glyoxal, dimethylhydantoin (U.S. Patent 3,524,754). Also well known is the and / or trioxymethylene can be used. Pretreatment in a tin (II) chloride solution with 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized by subsequent immersion in palladium chloride, that water is used as solvent 35 solution. The areas sensitized in this way are will. then, after rinsing, in a currentless working 4. The method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a metallization bath is brought in, where a metal is drawn, that an organic layer is deposited as a solvent, the thickness of which is a function Solvents such as dimethylformamide, methanol that is bath time. Instead of activating with tin n-butanol, Trichlorethylene, ethyl acetate or 40 chlorine and palladium chloride solutions or the ge-acetone, is used. called copper salt solution, are among others 5. The method according to claim 2, characterized either colloidal noble metal suspensions or one shows that the activation solution also contains a solution of a tin chloride / noble metal chloride complex Complexing agent is added. xes used. 6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that 45 is a major disadvantage of the known method draws that as a complexing agent an organic it that only with very careful monitoring of the Compound that has at least one ammonium, baths and the process flow flawless Me-Hydroxyl- or contains carboxyl group, metallizations can be achieved, since the solutions are used will. borrowed their stability are relatively vulnerable. Besides that 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that 50 precious metal deposits often occur on the Aktizeichnet, that salts of the alkanolamines, the nitrilovation solutions exposed on metal surfaces. triacetic acid, gluconic acid or Rochelle salt. This and / or the inhomogeneity caused by the said be turned. Instability results in insufficient adhesive strength 8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that between the metal surface and that on it shows that for Cu salts as a complexing agent 55 deposited metal layer. An additional mecha-N, N, N ', N'-tetrakis- (2-hydroxypropyl) -äthylenedi- A nical cleaning process before metallizing is amine is used. mostly indispensable. This is where the present invention comes in 9. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the object is based on avoidance draws that the activation solution continues to be the use of expensive noble metal compound metallic Reduction accelerator added 60 fertilize a process of the type mentioned at the beginning will. particularly stable, i.e. disruptive in the production process 10. The method according to claim 9, thereby making it unsusceptible, so that metal layers are formed indicates that can be built up as a reduction accelerator, both on plastics as well a compound of tin, silver, palladium, adhere sufficiently to metal surfaces. Gold, mercury, cobalt, nickel or zinc, 65 This object is achieved according to the invention in particular tin chloride, palladium chloride, gold achieved in that the plastic surfaces chloride, zinc chloride, cobalt or nickel chloride are next treated with an activation solution, is used in amounts of 1 mg / 1 to 2 mg / l. which in addition to at least one reducible salt one