DE2234560A1 - PROCESS FOR VACUUM FILM PACKING AND VACUUM FILM PACKAGING - Google Patents

Description

DIPL.-ING. DR. IUR. DIPL.-IN6. VOLKER BUSSE DIETRICH BUSSE

45 OSNABRDCK, July 13, 1972

MDSERSTRASSE2O / 24- VB / Fl

NEWPORT GENERAL CORPORATION I602 Babcock Street Costa Mesa, California 92627

UNITED STATES.

Process for vacuum film packaging and vacuum film packaging

The invention relates to a packaging method, in particular vacuum film packaging and vacuum film packaging.

Packing goods has always been a major concern of people and efforts throughout history of mankind were focused on developing better packaging materials. With the advancement of the industrial Over the years, there has also been an increased demand for better packaging methods.

A significant improvement in packaging materials and packaging methods was brought about by the development of plastics with himself. Corresponding efforts in this context yielded methods in which containers for subsequent absorption of goods are preformed by vacuum. Even where such containers are

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see waves or crevices (see USA-PS 3 497 059) stretchable were trained, the usefulness of such methods was nonetheless dependent on the uniformity of form and Size of the goods to be packed.

According to other proposals from the prior art, the object to be packaged is somehow placed in a suction or pumpable space. For example, the object can be inserted into a plastic bag, which in turn is inserted into a vacuum chamber. When generating With a vacuum in the chamber, the bag shrinks against the object and can then be sealed. According to similar proposals from the prior art, lines, hoses and the like are. Devices for sucking air out of the bag are provided (see USA-PSs 2 750 719, 3 010 262, 3 216 836, 3 3 ^ 7 Oli, 3 358 415 and 3 481 101).

The main disadvantage of these proposals is in the considerable expense both in terms of devices which are required to Schaffun _o the necessary vacuum chambers or specially adapted preform and hold equipment for the package, as well as with respect to the special tools, which for providing and actuating of evacuation lines and - hoses are necessary.

In the process known under the term vacuum film packaging the item to be packed is placed on a pad

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placed. A plastic film that has been plasticized under the influence of heat or skin is moved over the object and the base and through an evacuation or suction process, against the object and the pad sucked and then sealed with the pad. The maindifficulty in the field of development Practically feasible methods for vacuum film packaging were the suction or evacuation process this required a removal of gas or gases (usually air) between the base and the cover sheet.

An examination of the proposals known from the prior art has shown that the costs previously paid for the suction process are exorbitant. In order to evacuate the air from the space between the base and the cover film, porous or perforated bases were used (see ÜSA-PSs 2,855,735, 2,931,495, 2,989,827, 3,583,129, Canadian PS 555,219 and Modem Plastics Encyclopedia, Volume k5 _$ No. I ¹ IA - Mc-Graw-Hill, October 1968 - page 567). The use of porous backs represents a very severe restriction on the application of the method, since penetrating moisture, fungi, oxidizing agents or other impurities often destroy the packaged goods. Methods of sealing the pores were either not quite effective or not generally practical. The previous vacuum packs were therefore only named "vacuum packs" because the vacuum used to produce the pack did not remain in the pack formed. Since useful porous materials for the back are also opaque or ideally

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if they are semi-transparent and none or only a few Allow light to pass through, difficulties arose with regard to the manufacture of packages through which the packaged items are visible from all sides.

In an effort to avoid the disadvantages of porous substrates, according to US ^{Pat. No. 3 15 1} J 8-98 (from EP Engles with issue date of November 3, 196 ¹ O, the use of a foam backing, in particular a back or a base made of polystyrene foam, polyethylene foam and polyvinyl foam. The idea behind this proposal was probably based on the fact that thermoplastic foam backs would be essentially non-porous because of their closed cell structure. Intensive tests have shown that manufactured according to this proposal Packages do not provide a sufficient vapor barrier and provide little or no effective protection against water or moisture for the packaged goods, and it has even been found that a significant proportion of the air has been evacuated through the spine, placing these thermoplastic foam spines in the same class as porous ones Cardboard backing.

Looking back, these test results are not too surprising as all good plastic manuals cite the relatively high water absorption and vapor transmission of foams. The structure and cellular nature of foams, even those with closed cells, are permeated with gas bubbles.

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does not lend itself to maintaining the degree of non-porosity, such as it is required for high-quality food or goods packaging.

Tests have further shown that only a few plastic materials a heat seal between a back made of plastic in foamed form and a cover sheet made of an unfoamed one Form of the plastic result. The few plastics that actually do fuse, in general, fuse so well with one another that the edge areas of the pack are already with one another are sealed before the air surrounding the packaged item has been evacuated. Sucking out the air then takes place through the allegedly non-porous back.

Another, when testing thermoplastic backs of heatshots the observed effect is the formation of air pockets around raised portions of the shrunken back. These Air inclusions counteract the constant retention of a tight packing. This should also be the main reason for that obvious preference for porous underlay sheets in the above-mentioned, Canadian patent specification.

The Canadian patent mentions at one point the ver. Turn of non-porous or only slightly porous coarse-grained, rough or granular or notched back and refers to coarse glass paper or other granular coated paper Emery paper. In "the one described by the Canadian patent in

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Considered kind of rigid granules or permanent notches remain air pockets or defective joints back on the granules or notches. It is not surprising, therefore, that the Canadian patent specification subsequently ' The course of their revelation comes back on porous backs.

Another example of previous thinking emerges from US Pat. No. 3,216,172, in which air evacuation channels between raised Protrusions or depressions after the evacuation process is complete except for a small annular area that passes through a special tool for heat sealing is left intact. In addition, the general arrangement is according to this proposal of the prior art so that a special line for evacuating the air is necessary.

Since it has so far not been possible to develop a generally acceptable solution, as from the USA PS 3,583,129 can be seen, the recent efforts have focused on the required size of the pores in porousi. Lower back. Naturally, even small pores make vacuum film packaging inadequate for many areas of application.

The object of the invention is to provide vacuum poly packaging methods and vacuum film packages with superior packaging and sealing properties.

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To this end, the invention firstly comprises a method for packaging an object in a vacuum film pack, that by evacuating the space between two webs containing the article and sealing the article surrounding pathways is formed. The method is according to the invention characterized by the following stages: Use of two sealable webs, each of which at least at the sealing

surface is free of pores and cells; Formation of a variety of convex projections in at least one of the tracks to create a plurality of formed during the formation of the package shrinkable and sealable evacuation ducts, which extend between the two tracks and are bounded by them at opposite times; Evacuation of the the space surrounding the object between the two tracks after the object has been introduced between the two tracks until the evacuation channels are formed; Continuation of the evacuation essentially only through the evacuation channels while the webs form gas barriers on opposite sides; as well as the gradual shrinking of the evacuation channels and their sealing by mutual sealing of the webs.

The above-mentioned term "essentially only" is intended to convey the subject matter delimit the invention over the aforementioned known method in which the space within the pack by a porous or cellular back. or by a characteristic evacuation hose or the like from the tracks is evacuated.

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by the term "pore and cell-free" refers to both the price of cells such as B. the cells of foam or other cellular materials, as well as the presence of pores through which significant amounts of air or gas are released the evacuation process would be sucked. No exact dictionary equivalents could be found for these terms, so the terms "massive" for "pore-free" and "homogeneous" can be used for "cell-free". Because of her poreti- and cell-free structure at least on the sealing surfaces, the webs form gas barriers on opposite sides of the evacuation ducts, so that no significant amount of gas (air or another gas mixture or gas) during the evacuation process can be sucked through one of the web endings.

The term "convex" mentioned is not intended to refer to outwardly rounded or curved shapes, but also shapes for the protrusions with curved or beveled Include sides where the cross-sectional dimension of each protrusion is greatest at the base of the protrusion.

As used in connection with the pore and cell free condition of each web, the term "seal area" is intended to refer not only to the area where the web is actually sealed to the other web, but also to the remainder of the area that will hold the article touched. With this remainder l; anri or; r.iolj uuc.h act as a possible sealing surface, since the "Abmer-r.urip" of the objects to be packaged can be very different according to the invention.

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That the evacuation ducts forming projections are convex are formed is an essential feature of the invention. In this way, gas pockets will form on or around avoided the protrusions around in the sealed packages. This solves an annoying, previous problem without to resort to disadvantageous porous backs.

There is no critical limitation as to which The manner in which the object to be packaged is placed between the lanes and the lanes are brought together. So the object z. B. placed on one of the tracks and the other track then on the object and in the direction of the .be lowered to another path. It is also possible to lift the web with the object on it against the other web.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention there is at least one of the webs made of thermoplastic material and is at least during the evacuation process by heat softened.

The above-mentioned gradual shrinkage process step The evacuation ducts can typically be carried out together with the evacuation process by removing the evacuation ducts advantageously compressed or shrunk by the pressure generated by gradual evacuation will. If the path with the projections is a

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those made of thermoplastic material can be used to promote the shrinkage of the evacuation ducts Heat application.

The lanes can be sealed together automatically or with the help of an adhesive. The webs consist of fusible thermoplastic material, heat can not only shrink the evacuation ducts, but also cause it to shrink the sealing of which can be used by sealing the sheets against each other.

The invention is not limited to any particular method for forming the convex protrusions. For example, the projections can mechanically preformed or formed under vacuum prior to the evacuation process. It is also possible the projections z. B. during the packaging process, for example with the help of an or specially designed plate, by vacuum or in some other "way" to form.

The invention further comprises a package produced by a method which, according to the invention, is characterized by the following stages: Use of two .sealable membranes, whose each free of pores and cells at least on the sealing surface is; Forming a plurality of convex protrusions in at least one of the paths to create a plurality of during the shaping, the pack is shrinking and shrinking! and ver:> ief, olb: ii * ea Evakuiffrungakan'lLen, who. ", /. f.cheri

the two tracks extend and through this to opposite Pages are limited; Placing an object to be packaged between the two tracks; Arrangement of the lanes in mutual proximity, evacuation of the space surrounding the object between the two tracks until the evacuation channels are formed; The evacuation is essentially only postponed through the evacuation ducts, while the two lanes have gas barriers on the opposite sides that are delimited by them form; and gradually shrinking the evacuation ducts together and sealing them together by sealing them together of the two tracks.

The invention further comprises a vacuum poly pack consisting of two and containing at least one object around these webs sealed together, which is characterized in that the two webs - at least on the Sealing surfaces are free of pores and cells and interlocking and sealed convexes at their points of contact Have protrusions and shrink and seal all evacuation channels between the sealed webs are.

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Further features of the invention emerge from the following description in conjunction with the drawing, in which several Preferred embodiments of the subject matter of the invention are illustrated and described. In the drawing show:

1 shows a section through essential parts of a device for forming projections in a plastic web, together with a schematic representation of necessary individual parts, according to a preferred embodiment of the subject matter of. Invention,

Fig. 2 is a plan view on a reduced scale of a Part of the web produced by the method and with the device according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 3 shows a section through a vacuum forming device below Representation of a packaging method according to a preferred embodiment of the invention,

Fig. Ί shows a section through a vacuum foil pack a preferred embodiment of the invention,

FIG. 5 shows a sectional detailed view of a modification of the method according to FIG. 3, corresponding to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, and

6 shows a schematic detailed view of a further modification of the device and method according to FIG. 3, according to yet another preferred embodiment of the invention.

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In the drawing, the same reference symbols denote the same or functionally equivalent parts.

The invention can be used with different types of upper and lower tracks, including z. B. ionomer resin webs such as those made by E.I, du Pont de Nemours & Company under registered Trademarks "SURLYN" are sold, sheets made of polyvinyl chloride, Sheets made of polyethylene or sheets made of unsaturated polyester resin. Upon request, one or both webs are in the form of a multilayer film. It can z. B. the self-adhesion of ionomer resin to aluminum foil to create multilayer film application, as shown on Page 213 of the above-mentioned MODERN PLASTICS ENCYCLOPEDIA is written.

Suitable multilayer films can also be made in a conventional manner by reinforcing thermoplastic sheets with "NYLON", lead or other materials having the special properties required for the packing are formed. So z. B. lead-containing multilayer films or coextrudates can be provided for packaging radioactive objects. For breaking strength "NYLON" fabric can be used in plastic sheets or multilayer films be incorporated.

According to the invention, both webs are at least on the sealing or Sealing surfaces free of pores and cells;

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According to FIG. 1, a vacuum plate 10 is provided with a plurality of openings 12 which lead from a chamber 13 to the surface I ^ lead the plate. A web 15 from the desired Material, e.g. B. an ionomer web or other type of the above-mentioned webs, multilayer films or coextrudates, is applied to the Surface 14 of the plate IO placed. The web 15 is through Heat rays 16 from 'a conventional heating lamp' or infrared

source 17 heated until the sheet material softens.

A conventional vacuum pump 18 connected to the chamber 13 is then actuated. The resulting generation of Air void in the chamber 13 and the openings 12 sucks parts of the web 15 into the openings 12. In this way they become numerous Projections 20 are formed in the web 15. Due to the action taking place at the openings during the evacuation process of air pressure on the plasticized web areas these projections convex. Please refer to the article about Thermo * Formation referenced on pages 776 ff «of the above-mentioned Plastics Encyclopedia. Fig. 2B of that article shows in broken lines, like a plasticized plastic sheet sucked in under a vacuum and assuming convex shapes. The article describes also various methods of making objects or protrusions within the scope of those outlined above convex shape covered by beveled sides.

As shown in Fig. 2 on a reduced scale, the projections 20 are spaced apart by a plurality

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of · shrinkable and sealable together, in detail in To form connection with Fig. 3 described evacuation channels 21. For the curved shape of the evacuation channels 21 the projections can be offset from one another. Thus, the projections 20 of FIG. 2 z. B. offset from one another in such a way that seen in the horizontal and vertical direction, they create curved evacuation channels. Curved evacuation ducts have the advantage that they the when the pack is formed Reduce the influence of local leaks on the evacuation process.

According to FIG. 3, the web 15 is in the reverse position placed the vacuum plate with the projections 20 protruding upward. An object 22 to be packaged is placed on the web 15 placed. As further shown in Fig. 3 in dash-dotted outline, is a thermoplastic upper web 23 between upper and dividing 2Ί and 25 of a frame 26 inserted and held. The frame can be conventional, e.g. B. as in the above-mentioned Groth patents or on page 567 of the Modem Plastics Encyclopedia shown. The upper web 23 is heated by thermal radiation 16 coming from the lamp 17. To When a sufficiently high softening temperature is reached, the web 23 is moved downwards. This is preferably achieved by that the frame 26 is moved in the direction of arrows 28 and 29 until it is in the in Fig. 3 in continuous The position shown by the lines is located. Such movement of the frame can be along conventional rails (not shown) or guided tours take place, it is also within the scope of the invention

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possible that the vacuum plate 10 is up in the direction of of the web 23 instead of the web 23 moving downwards towards the plate.

In the position shown in solid lines, the lower part 25 of the frame 26 rests against the upper part of the cladding 32 of the chamber 13 surrounding vacuum seal 31. The softened upper web 23 is shown in FIG. 3 on the Item 22 pulled.

The activated vacuum pump 18 pumps the space 3 ² J between the tracks 15 and 23 occupied by the object .22 and surrounding it. The resulting vacuum gradually sucks parts of the webs around the object 22 downwards, corresponding to dashed lines 36, 37, 38 and 39.

In the case of the illustrated by the dashed lines 37 and 38 Position circumferential regions of the web 23 surrounding the object 22 come to rest on top of the projections 20. Despite this When the webs 15 and 23 lie close to one another, evacuation channels 21 from the room are still through the projections 20 present adjacent to the article 22 to the periphery of the web 15. The generation carried out by the pump'18 is correspondingly continued by void. Due to the soft state of the web 23, if necessary by a continued blasting of heat rays 16 through the heating lamp 17 maintained or can be conveyed, and due to the by the pump 18

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generated air void, the upper film 23 becomes in accordance sucked with the shape of the knobbed pad 15. As a result of the curved or laterally bevelled shape of the convex protrusions 20 an ideal mutual correspondence between the upper web 23 and the base 15 is possible, and there will be Air or gas leaks and faulty joints 'Avoided between the upper web and the base.

The suction of the Öberbahn 23 in adaptation to the shape of the surface 15 is continued uninterrupted until sealing of the webs 15 and 23 one below the other around the object 22. This causes a gradual shrinkage and closing of the Evacuation channels 21 to the tracks 15 and 23 at the end of the Evacuation process over their entire contact surface with each other melt or are sealed. The tracks 15 and 23 are in the usual manner by the action of the heat source generated and sealed by means of the upper web 23 on the base 15 transferred heat.

As can be seen, the Evakuierungsprözeß is by virtue of the presence of the projections 20 delay occurring on sealing of the webs extend i In this way, erfindüngsgemäß prevent abrupt fracture of Evakuierüngsprozesses due to premature mutual concerns and sealing the webs 15 and 23. FIG.

After the webs 15 and 23 have been heat-sealed to one another around the object 22 at their peripheral regions, the vacuum pump 18 is switched off. The frame part 2k can then be lifted off the frame part 25 and the vacuum foil pack removed from the device. Circumferential areas of the tracks 15 and 23 can be trimmed in the usual way.

The Pig. Ί shows a vacuum film pack '12, which contains the packaged object 22 arranged on the underlay web 15 and is provided with an outer skin ^ 3 by the top web 23. The pack ^ 12 has been formed by the method shown in FIG. When using the above-described plate 10 with openings 12 in the method and the device according to FIG. 3, the upwardly directed projections 20 corresponding to 20 'in FIG. 4 are typically pulled downward during the evacuation and sealing process. If, on the other hand, a mast is used ^; ve plate 10 'is used, the projections 20 with matching areas of the upper web 23 are typically upwards.

The openings or channels 12 can be omitted, and a solid plate 10 ', partially shown in FIG occurs gesehäff enes channels 21st

The vacuum foil pack k2 can be referred to as having two webs 15 and 23 which pack at least one

stand 22 and sealed together around it are. The webs 15 and 23 are at least on the sealing surfaces including the inner surfaces on which they hold the article 22 touch, free of pores and cells. The tracks 15 and have mating and where they touch each other projections sealed together and all evacuation channels between the sealed sheets are shrunk and sealed.

In the preferred embodiments of FIGS. 1 to 3, the Projections 20 in the form of raised nodes or protrusions, which are used to form the evacuation channels 21 at a distance from one another are arranged. These knots or warts can also be addressed as knobs and the web 15 can thus be called knobs are designated. To form the required shrinkable evacuation channels 21, the required convex projections can be used also by corrugation, ribbing or other deformation one or fcdder tracks are formed. Due to practical Attempts have been made to provide raised, essentially circular warts or knobs, however, as the best so far proven method to be drawn. Methods and tools other than those shown in FIG Rollers) for forming the convex circular nubs or nubs before the packaging process or in place in the evacuation device Find use. :

If the packaged object 22 is to be visible from all sides of the pack il2, the webs 15 and 23 consist of light-

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through h1a "s π igem Ka t eri a1.

As can be seen from Fig. 5, a conventional Abdichtbzw. Sealing material 45 facing the projections 20 is to be provided on the inside of the web 23 to a mutual sealing or sealing of edge areas of the To facilitate lanes 15 and 23. The use of various conventional adhesives or sealing materials are the Expert familiar.

Referring to Fig. 6, the packaging process is particular Gas atmosphere carried out. For this purpose, a supply source 47 is with inert gas, such as carbon dioxide or Nitrogen, or highly reactive gas such as ethylene oxide, e.g. B. connected to the chamber 13 through a valve 48. There are various methods by which the gas from the supply source 47 is supplied to the space 3 ** between the tracks 15 and 23 can be. In a preferred embodiment, the space 34 is first pre-evacuated by the pump 18 and then the valve 48 is opened so that the gas from the supply source 47 penetrates the space 34. Another possibility consists in flushing the space between the tracks 15 and 23 with the desired gas just before the frame 27 comes to the Plate 10 has been moved down past. In both cases, at least some of the gas is removed before sealing evacuated through channels 21.

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The discussion also extends to procedures in which at least one of the tracks Ln of known ways, e.g. B. from conventional blister packs, is preformed. In. in this case it can Sealing the upper panel 23 to the back panel 15 in the main in connection with Flg. 3 shown and described catfish take place.

Numerous falling under the inventive idea and within the framework Further modifications of the invention are obvious or result for the person skilled in the art from the subject of the disclosure.

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Claims (1)

Patent claims: , 1.1 Method of packing an item in a Vacuum pollen pack obtained by evacuating the space between two webs containing the object and sealing of the webs surrounding the object is formed, characterized by the following stages: Use of two "sealable" Webs, each of which is free of pores and cells at least on the sealing surface; Formation of a variety of convex Protrusions in at least one of the webs for creating a plurality of ones which are formed during the formation of the package shrinkable and sealable evacuation ducts, which extend between the two tracks and are bounded by them on opposite sides; Evacuation of the den The space surrounding the object between the two tracks after the object has been introduced between the two tracks to to form the evacuation channels; Porting of the evacuation essentially only through the evacuation channels, while the Tracks form gas barriers on opposite sides; as well as the gradual shrinking of the evacuation channels and their Sealing by mutual sealing of the strips. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the evacuation channels by forming a plurality of convex Projections in one of the two tracks and placing of peripheral areas of the other track on upper areas of the projections are formed. 3 0 9 3 0 7/0>: 1 Ci 3. 'The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that that both webs are made of translucent material. ^. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the mutual sealing of the tracks around the object to lengthen the suction or · evacuation ■ process is delayed by the projections. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that that the projections in one of the two lanes and on the other lane a sealing material for mutual Sealing of the webs around the item can be provided. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that that the projections by forming a plurality of convex, raised knots or lumps in at least one of the Tracks are generated, the nodes to create the evacuation channels are arranged at a distance from one another. 7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the raised nodes or warts are arranged offset to one another for curving the evacuation channels. . 8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that that a substantially inert atmosphere within the foil pack is provided *. 309807/0830 9. Packaging produced by a process characterized by the following stages: Use of two sealable Webs, each of which is free of pores and cells at least on the sealing surface; Formation of a multitude of convex protrusions in at least one of the webs to provide a plurality of shrinkable ones formed during the formation of the package and sealable evacuation ducts extending between and through the two sheets to opposite one another Pages are limited; Placing an object to be packaged between the two tracks; arrangement of the tracks in mutual proximity, evacuation of the space surrounding the object between the two tracks up to Formation of evacuation channels; Continuation of the evacuation essentially only through the evacuation channels while the both tracks form gas barriers on the opposite sides bounded by them; and gradual shrinkage the evacuation ducts and their sealing by sealing the two sheets together. 10. Packaging according to claim 9, characterized in that the evacuation channels by forming a plurality of convex Projections in one of the two tracks and placement of circumferential areas of the other sheet are molded on upper portions of the projections. yy. Packaging according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in ₃ that both webs consist of transparent material. 309807/0830 12, packaging according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized characterized in that the mutual sealing of the webs order. around the object to prolong the evacuation process is delayed by the protrusions. 13 · Packaging according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized characterized in that the projections in one of the tjelden tracks and a sealing material is provided on the other web for sealing the webs together around the article are. 14. Packaging according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized • characterized in that the projections by forming a plurality of convex, raised nodes or warts in at least one of the Paths are to proceed, where the knots to form the Evacuation channels are arranged at a distance from one another, 15. Packaging according to claim I ¹ I, characterized in that the raised nodes or warts are arranged offset to one another for curving the Eväkulerungskänäle. 16. Packaging according to one of claims 9 to 15 > characterized in that a substantially inert atmosphere is provided within the film pack. 17. Vacuum foil pack, consisting of at least two containing an object and around it 30 9 8 07/0830 sealed webs, characterized in that the two webs are free of pores and cells at least on the sealing surfaces and have interlocking and sealed convex projections at their points of contact and all evacuation channels are shrunk and sealed between the sealed webs. 18. Vacuum film pack according to claim 17, characterized in that that both webs are made of translucent material. 19. Vacuum poly pack according to claim 17 or 18, characterized by the presence of sealing or sealing material between the two tracks. 20. Vacuum poly pack according to one of claims 17 to 19, characterized in that the interlocking and sealed Projections in the two tracks are designed as matching and sealed raised nodes or VJarzen, 21. Vacuum film pack according to one of claims 17 to 20, characterized by an inert atmosphere in the space between the two tracks. 309807/0830