DE2233891A1 - ELECTRONIC TEXT DISPLAY ARRANGEMENT SIMULATING A TYPEWRITER - Google Patents

Description

PATENT LAWYERS

PIPUiNG, HANS BEGRICH · DIPUIKG. ALFONS WASMEIER

REGENSBURG 3 LESSINGSTRASSE 1 0 2233891

Patent attorneys, Anbich · Wasmeier, 84Q0 Regensburg 3, P.O. Box Π To the

German Patent Office 8 Munich 2

Telephone 0941 1% 19 86. · Bayer. Staatsbank, Regensburg 507 Postal checking account; Monks 89309 Telegrams: Begpatent Regensbgrg

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Your message from

In the answer please state our reference

L / p 7450

Day

W / He

June 1972

LIiXITRQN CORPORATIONi 9600 De Soto Avenue, Chatsworth, California, 91311, USA

Electronic text display device using a typewriter simulated.

Demolition

An electronic typewriter assembly is illustrated which includes an operator station and a desk console. the The operator station includes a keyboard and a display for the written text, and the console includes corresponding ones Control and storage devices and a printer. The to * Order allows text material to be entered via the keyboard and in the true-to-life page format on the display can be displayed as well as stored in a memory. The arrangement provides for editing options Change, edit and manipulate the text before, and it can 'be a hard copy of the displayed text from one Printer can be printed out on command. The keypad and light indicator are designed and configured to support the Operational characteristics of a conventional electric typewriter simulate. A special facility has simulated o'clock knobs, edge indicators, "

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Space keys and back keys and a vertical distance lever, as they are similar to conventional electric typewriters, in connection with electronic subsystems that cooperate with it, so that a visual display of a page outline, a page movement on the visual display, an adjustment of the margins for the written text because controlled movement of a position indicator or slider etc. can be achieved.

The invention relates to an electronic typewriter assembly and in particular to an electric typewriter and text display assembly that has the operational characteristics a conventional typewriter.

Numerous image displays or display arrangements are known in the data processing field. Such Displays with a high information density usually use a visual display via a cathode ray tube. Such display arrangements are often organized in lines, so that computer programs with several languages are high Levels can be displayed and can form columnar information so that they can be brought into one or more tables Can own positions. If the representation is to be used in a data introduction or interaction operation, then usually a position indicator or a slide freely in a certain way to any printable position on the representation so that the point is displayed at which the next representation, which relates to de.n operation refers to occur. Typically, the location indicator moved by specially designed knobs, buttons, joysticks or other manually operated devices or otherwise hastened. Furthermore, such

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Arrangements in general provide additional operating controls for data entry, data manipulation and the slide movement on, which is unusual for the normal typist are.

The present invention aims to provide a novel electronic Typewriter machine assembly to provide the operational characteristics a conventional typewriter, and in which there is an electronic text display device that simulates a typewriter.

The subject of the invention is a display arrangement for the Editing and manipulation of texts in which various control functions are provided by control devices, that simulate that of a conventional typewriter. The display arrangement is particularly useful as an interactive display subsystem a marriage text processing computer. Due to a display arrangement that from the point of view simulated the operator from a conventional typewriter, the training of the operator for the Use of the arrangement as well as errors in use are reduced to a minimum.

According to the present invention is in an electronic typewriter device with a keyboard, over the Keys the operator enters a text and control signals into the arrangement with a data processing device that e ± Bn memory for processing and storing the text and control signals that are entered via the keyboard, and with a visual display device for the visible display of the text that has been entered into the arrangement, that the vertical position on the display device, on the previously entered text is displayed, by is controllable by the operator. In the case of the display device or the display arrangement, a display device, e.g. uses a cathode ray tube or other high density information display device; furthermore there are controls

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provided the before keyboard for entering data, namely the data and functional data for formatting and manipulating the text to be displayed, and with Controls for special purposes, e.g. those that control the operation of the typewriter knobs, edge indicators and a Simulate vertical distance lever. In addition, the arrangement has a slider part system or a real-time word processing device that vie with the display and controls also cooperates with a memory in order to guide and influence the data in a suitable manner and the visual display to control the displayable data and to manage the storage of text information and control signals.

The text is displayed on the cathode tube in the same format displayed like a written page. The UniriiE of the page brought to the display and the one on the page Text is on the visual display of the operator's control operations movable, which simulate the effect and operation of conventional typewriters. The text is on the print line unrolled by rotatable pseudo-typewriter roller knobs to the extent that the paper on the writing head of a Office typewriter is moved past. A position adjuster or slider can be used along the baseline (as The page on the display screen under the control of the operator, e.g. by pressing the space key and the backspace key. The vertical spacing of one or more lines is given by Depressing the carriage return button achieved depending on the setting of a vertical distance lever, thus the Specifies the number of free lines that are inserted between successive soles of the carriage return button. Edge indicator levers running in the horizontal direction are provided. see, around the edges of text in positions on the display screen (and on the hard copy) relative to the edge of the page outline, which is displayed on the screen, / where

to be adjusted "!

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these edges correspond to the spatial position of the margin stop lever.

The invention is explained in detail below in conjunction with the drawing using an exemplary embodiment. The figures show:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of an arrangement according to the invention with an operating station and a control console.,

B ¹ Ig. 2 shows a simplified block diagram of the arrangement according to FIG.

Fig. 3a to 3c the visual display of the text material on the Display screen on the control station,

Fig. 4 is a detailed block diagram of the invention Systems,

FIg. 5 is a more detailed block diagram a keyboard and keyboard connection devices of the arrangement according to FIG. 4,

Figure 6 is a more detailed block diagram of the typewriter simulator controller and part of the arrangement according to Flg. 4, ·

Fig. '{ A more detailed block diagram of the position adjuster and edge control for the left edge of the arrangement of Fig. 4;

Figure 8 is a more detailed block diagram of the edge control for the right edge of the arrangement according to FIG. 4, and

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Pig. 9 shows a detailed view of the position decoding device for the edge indicator lever.

General explanation of the arrangement and the simulation.

In Fig. 1 are before operating station 10 and a table console shown. The operator station 10 includes a keyboard and cathode ray tube display 13 or other Visual display of high information density. The console 11 takes the electronic equipments in one cabinet and one. Printer 15 on page 16, which is more likely to be written, for printing Command on. The station 10 and the console 11 are connected to one another via a cable 17.

Looking at Fig. 2 in conjunction with Fig. 1, the console 11 an electronic processing device 18, a memory 19 and a communication line 20 such as also include the electronic connection devices and the control logic, the keyboard 12. The operator station 10 are a Typewriter simulator and controls 22 assigned. The overall arrangement can include both an internal dynamic memory 19 as well as a magnetic tape memory in cassette form for the static storage of data, and the console 1 has a slot 24 for receiving a tape cassette on.

A control point 23 (or a typist) is in the block diagram indicated according to FIG. 2; this control point forms an important link in the entire arrangement, which is an alternate " side acting real-time word processing and display arrangement, which the control point or the operator directly in the control of the text content, the text format and the page layout brings. The operator looks at the display 1.3 and connects it to the arrangement via the keyboard 12 and the Typewriter Irator and Controls 22. Consider

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especially the environment of the operator, ie the operating station 10 according to FIG. 1, which contains the keyboard 12, the visual display 13 and the controls 22, the keyboard 12 has a central field of typewriter-like keys which are used by the operator to generate text , i.e. text input uses we.rcß ¹ . The output of the alphanumeric keys of the field 25 is in the form of electronic signals which represent, in coded form, text information. In addition to the central keypad 25, additional groups of keys 26, 27 and 28, which are essentially control switches, can be provided and used by the operator to perform text editing and text manipulation functions, as will be explained in detail below. The outputs of these switches 26-28 as well as of function switches (e.g. space bar) of field 25 are similarly electronic signals, but these signals are interpreted by the processing device of FIG. 2 so that the various functions including editing and manipulating the text initiated and controlled in the desired manner without the operator having to execute or know any complicated commands or programs.

The display I3 can have a cathode ray tube, which is mounted within the housing 30, which is a suitable Transparent cover 31 has. The cathode ray tube provides the operator with an image of an outline 32 of a. Page as well as an image of the written text 33 on this one Page. All of the text information that appears on the keyboard has been entered, is given by the processing device 18 in the memory 19 and on the display I3 brought to the display. The format of the text brought to the display is correspondingly determined by the processing device controlled by predetermined format rules, their limitations by adjusted to the operator with the help of controls of a known type; are, for example, by means of edge indicator levers, rotary knobs, vertical position levers and the like, which control the

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Typewriter simulator and the controls 22 form.

If these latter controls are viewed in isolation, two rotatable roller knobs 36 and 37 are provided and attached to the display 13 according to FIG. The rotary knobs allow the page outline and text to be shifted up and down on the display. In addition, two movable edge indicator levers yS and 39 are arranged on the lower part of the display 13. These levers allow you to adjust the left and right margins of the text. A vertical distance lever Ik is provided, urr. determine the vertical spacing of one, two or three lines when a carriage return button 42 is depressed, which is located in the central keypad 25 in a conventional position.

An essential feature of the present invention is the operating station 10 according to FIG. 1 in connection with the associated Electronic sub-systems for achieving a visual display and for shifting the page outline 32 and the text 33 in the same way as a sheet of paper written on in a conventional typewriter, with the operator controlling in a similar way as a typist does. The display 13 simulates a written page in every detail. The displayed page has the same image format as a finished copy and provides the operator with the visual display of the contents of the memory that can be displayed represent.

The alternate display controls also contribute to typewriter simulation. These controls The roller buttons 36 and 37 contain their actuation electrical Generates signals that are interpreted by the processing device as a command that can be displayed To move the contents of the memory past the print line (e.g. the display) on a line print basis so that the The roll knob function is simulated on a typewriter becomes, and darr.it each line of text accessible in a known way,

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also accessible for editing functions. These controls include the movable margin indicator levers J> 3_ and 39 which are manually adjusted by the operator. The position adjustment of these levers generates electrical signals which are interpreted by the processing device 13 as marginal positions for the text 33 being displayed. The lever 38 sets up the left edge of the text 33, and the lever y) causes a bell '·:. responds and the keyboard is locked, as is the case with a normal typewriter. The setting of the vertical abs.ar.dshebels --O generates an electrical signal in a similar manner, which is sent by the processing device as the number of desired free lines between several levels. Lines, and this causes the displayed material to be advanced a predetermined number of lines (one, two or three) each time the return key 42 is pressed.

The visual display 13 is not only used to display the display bringable contents of the memory. I9, but also as Device by means of which the operator those parts of the text 3; influences (e.g. selects and manipulates) whom he to.-edit or wishes to revise, for example deleting one or more characters, adding new characters or Syr / .bole, adding or deleting words and The baseline of the display 13 is similar to when rubbing on a sheet of paper in a typewriter, the print line, as mentioned above. A location indicator b2Vi. a slide 44 according to FIGS. 3a to 30 moves along the pressure! in ie and is activated by a room key 45 and a back key 46, which are arranged in conventional locations in the keypad 25. This location indicator identifies the position at which the next operation occurs. Typical work processes can be the

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Text generation (ie, writing characters), editing (ie, deleting or adding one or more characters), and so on. These operations are carried out by the processing device 18, as will be explained in detail below, since this device interprets the direct control commands of the operator. The ¹ simplest direct control command is, for example, depressing an alphanumeric key in field 25, which indicates that the operator wants the alphanumeric characters to appear on the display in the correct printing position. The encoded signal coming from the keyboard is introduced into the memory and the processing means can modify any pre-existing code in the memory as desired and instruct that the result be visualized. The operator thus sees the result of the work processes that he is carrying out directly on the display 13. The operator can thus access the contents of the memory 19 directly via the visual display.

It is different from interpretive computer arrangements in the case of the present invention it is not necessary for the operator to write instructions into a computer. the Commands come in directly and acting alternately in time a manner with which the typist is familiar. Text positions on the display correspond to memory locations, and the operator selects (e.g. using the rotary knobs 36 and 37, the space key 45 and so on) the spot on the -page, at which he wishes to carry out an operation in the text and presses the corresponding key on the keyboard. The processing facility interprets the electrical signal from the keyboard and changes the memory content accordingly, whereby the result is displayed immediately. Thus, the operator influences the one stored in the memory Text theoretically direct.

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The processing device 18 is an electronic subsystem which monitors and amplifies the text flow and the control signals 'as a function of commands' from the operator. Some of the basic functions of the system according to the invention include the interpretation of the positions of the edge indicator levers 38 and 39 and the correct arrangement of the text 33 on the display 13, the displacement of the page outline 32
and the text 33 corresponding to the actuation of the roller knobs and the roller return, the control of the setting of the slide, the correct forwarding of data including characters - or text data and Furlktions-
or tax data. The processing device acts in the
Way that it controls the text which is held in memory I9, and the memory in turn acts in connection
with the processing facility. Text manipulation (eg ». Deletion or addition of a font) is carried out in the
Memory carried out, but under the control of the processing device.

The memory ⁵ 19 is organized in lines and holds the edited and manipulated text that has been brought to the display S '. The displayed text is part of the information contained in the
Is stored as it is determined by the processing device when interpreting the commands of the operator. For example, depressing an
alphanumeric key that a code is to be stored in the memory corresponding to the desired character; a
Depressing the carriage return key causes a carriage return code to be stored, etc. The text in memory
is available for visual display and we ^: * d of that
Operator manipulated by keyboard commands that are given in the processing device. For example, an entire page can have been edited and displayed, but the operator can access a specific part
return (e.g., to the first three lines according to Fig. 3a),

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to edit or correct using the reel knobs ur-d the space or backspace key.

The basic memory is essentially a dynamic circulating memory, the content of which (for example successive, coded signals representing successive characters, spaces and control codes) is continuously updated. The memory stores internal control codes which are not displayed, but which are required for the processing device to recognize and influence the text in the memory. Such control codes contain, for example, a carriage return, a space and an identification of a strikethrough (e.g. yes), ^which will be explained in detail below.

The printer 15 is used to record a to provide a hard copy of the generated text. The text flows from the memory to the printer 15 under the control of the Processing facility. The printed copy is identical in content and format to the page image as it is on. the Display 13 appears. The printer only needs to be switched on to ground if a hard copy is desired. All text input and manipulation is carried out interactively, with the display 13 before a final one Printing is used as a "preview image".

As mentioned earlier, the arrangement can also have a band aid have s memory. This can take the form of a magnetic tape cassette, as an auxiliary, static and quasi-permanent Text recording is used. Interacting text generation and text manipulation functions are between performed by the processing device and the dynamic memory; however, if the operator wishes the contents of dynamic memory to be unlimited for future retrieval stored / jird, a transfer can be made to a tape cassette will. Similarly, the one on the cassette

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saved text retrieved and displayed on the display 13 can be displayed.

Brief description of the arrangement '.

A brief description of the arrangement of Figure 4 is provided below before entering into a detailed discussion of this arrangement and the display and simulation design. In Pig. 4, with the exception of the keyboard 12, the display 13, the printer 15, the memory 19 and the communication line 21, all devices are part of the processing device 18 according to FIG The processing device monitors and amplifies the flow of the text and control signals in accordance with the commands from the operator station 12 and the glue 20. The connection devices 21 feed in, for example, character data that represent the alphanumeric keys that have been struck by the operator, Uie also puncture data that indicate control functions (e.g. carriage return, delete characters, delete characters, editing, etc. )., which originate from the operator. It also makes it possible to control the flow of such data into the message connection line 20, so that the data can be used accordingly by other subsystems if necessary. can. The character data and the function data by cable ^J! 7 and 48 of the keyboard connector ^ eräten abandoned 21, fed into the line 20 which in turn solche'Daten in the proper time sequence over- cable 4ya and 48a. Marking signals, which are essentially gate signals, which are displayed when keys are struck, are given to the keyboard connection devices 21 via lines 4) and 4ya. Each alphanumeric key on the keyboard causes a character code to be generated and sent to the terminal devices 21.

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The function and control keys feed function signals into the connecting devices. The connection of the keyboard connection devices 21 with the news connection line and others Subsystems are described in detail below, these In a nutshell, however, the unit is used to. Characters and To provide functional data of the communication line 20 and the memory 19 and the writing of To enable data in the memory by means of a write control signal on a line bO.

The processing device also has a typewriter simulator subsystem 50, which receives and decodes the signals from the rotary knobs 36, 37, the edge indicator levers 38, 59 and the vertical distance lever 40 and sends this information to the line 20 The processing device also has a position display device and a left edge control 51 »a right hand control 52 and a time control 53 · The former is used to set the position display device 44 as indicated by the operator and as shown in the figures Yes . to. "5c, and set the left margin of the written text 33 * as set by the margin indicator lever 38. In a similar manner, the right-hand margin control 52 aligns the boundaries of the right-hand margin of the text 33 being described by providing appropriate control signals which cause a bell to respond and lock the keyboard when the operator reaches it. The timing controller 53 only serves to provide basic time signals or time-related gate signals for the system.

The processing device comprises faner a video circuit 55 and a character generator 56, the cables -57 and 57a is supplied with corresponding data, which in turn

to generate the corresponding information (e.g. page outline and text) on the display I3. An additional processing sub-system 58 can be used to control other text modules ;. functional functions, e.g. line length of the text or the like.

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be provided.

Description of simulation and parts of the arrangement Page outline

An example of the display of the page outline, 32 and the Text 3.3 on the display 30 is shown in Figures .3a to 3Ό shown. Both the way and the method of generating the page outline, the visual display of the same, the creation of the text and the editing and manipulation of the text will be described in detail later, at this point a general one, however, appears to be useful.

The formation of the page outline 32 is accomplished by displaying horizontal track segments on the cathode ray tube of the display which form the upper and lower boundaries of the page. The left and right side outlines are generated by a series of short vertical line segments. The two types of segments, namely horizontal and vertical, are contained in a character generator repertoir and are displayed at appropriate times during the beam position. The horizontal and vertical symbols are like. alphabetic characters are addressed by addressing the character generator 56 of FIG. k accordingly. Normally, all characters are displayed sequentially from left to right in lines and from top to bottom. Therefore, a full line of horizontal segments can be displayed to represent the top line of the page outline. This process is caused by the video circuit 55 during the period of time corresponding to the line above (ie line 0) of the first line of the text, which feeds the address of the horizontal line segment into the character generator 56 and causes it to

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to display the horizontal line "characters" in a sequence for one line. The lower border of the page is drawn in a similar way, with one line of the horizontal segments being placed immediately below (eg line 59) the last line (eg line 5 ") in which the text can be displayed Between lines (e.g. lines 1 to 58) of the text are drawn, the character generator 56 is controlled so that it draws a vertical line immediately to the left of a first possible character position in each line at the end of the return. "This process results in the left side of the Page outline, the actual first character of the text that is displayed is usually indented a number of spaces, as is preselected by setting the left margin lever 38. The right side edge can be in ahn- _; -Highly generated (i.e. a vertical line segment to the right of the last possible character position in each line j, the text is to be displayed with even spacing, namely at a predetermined character and spacing count. In the case of proportional font text, the right side edge can be generated thereby that a vertical line segment is displayed when a certain horizontal position or tilting voltage has been reached The former is only a function of the timing of the arrangement, the latter a function of the beam position.

From the figures Ja to 3c it follows that the rare outline 32 as well as the text 33 move upward on the display 13 as additional lines are described, and in the same way as when writing an actual page. In addition, the position adjustment device or the slider 44 is generated by the character generator 56 and moves horizontally on the display while writing to indicate where the next write will be

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should take place. The rotary knobs control the row veins Lines of the displayed text, but the non-displayed text below the print line is not lost, but remains stored in memory. This lower part of the page remains free, although the data for it is from the Storage via the connection line to the display postures be abandoned so as to prevent it from being displayed on the upper part of the display screen. To this Way, the representation of data is omitted until the appearance of the top line of the page outline, and only the material from the top page outline is displayed by the print line.

of

Figures Ja to Jc also show the advance of written material. Figure 5b is an illustration of the text after the first three lines have been written, a carriage return has been made and part of the fourth line has been written. Similarly, FIG. ^ C, as the fourth row has been finished writing, a carriage return has been performed, and then the fifth cell has been written. The page (ie, outline 32 and text 33) can be moved up and down on the display by rotating either button 36 or button 37. The side of Figure 3c. For example, in the ^a position shown recycled in Fig. 3, when a redaction is desired, for example the word "standard" in the third line in Fig. 3a In "Conventional" to change by the Slide 44 is set in a corresponding manner and a function key is depressed and the new location is then entered. For example, one of the keys 28 of the keyboard 12 in Fig. 1 can be an "edit" key so that the slider 44 can be positioned under the first letter of a word to be moved and then hitting the edit key in memory the remainder shifts the relevant line downwards. Other keys for special purposes can also be used for editing and manipulating functions

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be provided. In this example, however, the fourth and fifth lines are those of the FLg. 3c is not lost, since they have been stored in dynamic memory, and they can be displayed again v. ^: Earth, if desired, by making eki l'alzen rotary knob turned is raised whereby the side back into the position shown in Figure 3o, similarly as with an actual written page.. The rotary knobs change the displayed position of the page on the cathode ray tube, but the content of the memory 19 is not changed thereby, whereby an absolute addressing of the memory locations is made possible independently of a visual display position. This means that line one of the text 33, line one remains in the memory, regardless of the spatial position of line one of the text on the display screen. The VJ.

V / al ζ endr ehknöpf e

As explained above, the rotary knobs 3β and 37 are used, around the contents of the display screen, i.e. the screen outline 32 and text 35 up and down the screen like moving a piece of paper up and down in a typewriter. With this arrangement you go assume that the electron beam of the cathode ray tube of the display 13 begins at the upper left corner of the display and changes to the right, as in conventional operation of cathode ray tubes, but without interlocking. When the beam has reached the right end of the display, take the video amplifier associated with the cathode ray tube picks up a return signal and directs the beam to the left on the Visual display and a certain distance downwards below the first time deflection, as is again known.

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After the vertical amplifier recorded a flyback signal the display beam returns to its original position.

If the operator turns one of the roller knobs 36 and 37v that can be spatially connected to each other, he feels Typewriter simulator 50 according to FIGS. 4 and 6 Direction of rotation and generates an incremental or decrement row slide signal. The incremental signal indicates that an additional row or line of text is displayed should be, while the decrement signal indicates that a Less text line should be displayed. In any case

d
the slide remains on the basic print line and is displayed there, as can be seen in FIGS. 3a to 3c. For example, if three lines are displayed, as shown in FIG. 3a, an increment row shifter signal indicates that an additional line, as shown in FIG. 3b, is to be displayed. Similarly, a decrement signal appearing with the text shown in Fig. 3b causes the visual display of one line less than in Fig.

3a shows. The number of increment or decrement signals generated depends on the number of tooth positions by which the roller knobs are moved. In any case, lifts and lowers the increment and decrement action for display placed page 32 and the text 33 on the display 13

The increment or decrement row slide signal is given via the connecting line 20 to the position display device control 51 in order to change the content of a row slide counter. In particular, this signal is applied to the connecting line 20 via a line 62 from the typewriter simulator 50. If it is an incremental signal, it is given to the connecting line at a point in time (t ₂ ) during the return; if it is a decrement signal, it will be at another time (t 1) during the

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Abandoned return. These increment and decrement signals are available from the connecting line 20 and are sent to corresponding lines 63 and 64 of the position display device and left-hand edge control 5I and serve to influence a series slide counter in the control 51> the fflifc ultimately a greater or lesser number of lines of text from the memory to be displayed, as will be explained in detail in connection with a description of FIG. This means that every time a rotary knob is turned one tooth position in one direction (e.g. counterclockwise) the row slide counter is increased, when it is turned one tooth position in the other direction (clockwise) this counter is decreased. The content of this counter is compared with a memory row count for a memory addressing counter. The row slider count represents the text line on which the operator wants the slider. The position of the slider depends entirely on the operator's control. He moves the slider up and down the page using the platen knobs 36, 57 and, 'or the carriage return button. The memory row count corresponds to the text row read out from the memories 19. For example, when the first row of data is read from memory, the memory row count is 1, and when the

η row of the memory is read out, the memory row count is n. During the usual operation, the clock controls anyway the memory row counter, and the counter is sequentially incremented from 0 to 59 and then decremented back af 0. the Row shifter count is continuously compared to the memory row count, and if these counts are equal (what applies to the baseline of the text shown) a "row compare" signal becomes "yes" and remains "yes" until the memory / row count is incremented. When the series comparison signal "No" is, whereby the recall of the display is initiated, the display beam returns to the starting position return. That way is the row that

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the slider or position indicator 44 includes, always on the lower row of the display, i.e. on the writing line. When the operator moves a roller knob and increases the row shifter, the row comparison signal occurs by one memory row count later, whereby the return is initiated one row later, which in turn creates an additional, causes the information line to be displayed.

Margin adjusters

The edge adjustment device levers 3> 8 and "59 enable the

position of the edges of the displayed text in the same way as with a conventional typewriter. Of the Operator moves the left lever 58 and the right lever 39 in the desired positions so that the copywriters can ■ will be presented. When one of these levers is slid or the arrangement is turned on, binary codes become accordingly the respective edge lever positions within the typewriter simulator 50 are generated and arrive via the connecting line 20 into the corresponding controllers 51 and 52. The edge data and load signals are transmitted via a cable 68 and a line 69 of the connecting line 20 and from there to the controls 51 and 52 abandoned. The left edge data are from the connecting line 20 to the controller 51 via a cable 70, the right edge data to the controller 52 via a cable 71. These edge positions are set in the respective controls 51 and 52 stored under control of "load edge" signals. A load edge signal (originating on line 69) is obtained from the Line 20 entered into controller 51 via line 72. In a similar way, a load signal is applied to the controller 52 via a line 73. These "load" signals indicate that left and / or right edge data are available and that they are Ln latches or registers of the respective controls 51 and 52 can be entered. Also becomes a load signal generated every time the device is energized

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will. If one of the edge levers is moved, the new position is decoded and stored in a similar manner.

The left margin control 51 basically sets the left margin of the text 5.3 * that appears on the display. The right edge control is basically used to achieve a "chime" signal on a reveal 72, which acts on a bell before the right edge is reached, and also to achieve a "at the right edge" signal on line 75> to indicate that the right edge is reached. This latter signal is used to lock the keyboard and prevent further hits in that row or line, as well as to disable empty slides to prevent the slider from moving past the right edge unless an edge release key is pressed. For this purpose, the keyboard 12 points to B ¹ Ig. 1 eir .. chime and a solenoid connected to it; both are operated electrically. The solenoid is actuated and strikes the keyboard housing when a key is struck to simulate the sound and action of a typewriter, and when "locking" the solenoid is locked so that it simulates the locking characteristics of a keyboard and that Surrender of character and function data from the keyboard 12 to the terminal devices. The lines 7 ^ a and 75b belong to the chime and block the solenoid signals for the keyboard 12.

In addition, the position display is pre-programmed and left border maintenance 21 for the generation of row and 3-column "comparison" -i-: i ^ nals used to make a comparison between the sliding r-stellur ^ and the storage space. A column slide count shows indicates the operator's position on a particular line, while the row slide count indicates which line it is looking at acts. Every time the operator presses a key, the character signal is sent from the keyboard 12 via the terminal equipment 21 abandoned to the connecting line 20, and the character is introduced into the memory 19; the crevasse thugs—

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counting Ti'ird is increased and a visual display of the Influenced and the operator is directed to the next position on the line. The controller 51 results the row and column comparison signals on the lines 76 and 77 to the connecting line 20, so that the position of the slide 44 is influenced on the display. this will in a row-r and column comparison achieved in that the character generator 56 is influenced in such a way that that the slide position is generated. The row and column comparison signals are AND-switched and sent as a "comparison signal" via data cables 57 and 57a to the character generator 56 abandoned. This comparison signal is also sent to the keyboard connection devices via a line 78. 21 abandoned.

The linear margin can be defined as the column of the page to which the slider 44 returns after the operator hits the carriage return button. Every time the Operator strikes the carriage return button, an incremental row signal is output over line 80 from the keypad connector devices 21 abandoned to the connecting line 20. Then a load signal from the connecting line 20 on a line 8l the left margin control 51 abandoned the content of a left edge notch (which was earlier due to the load signal on the line 72 has been charged) to a column slide counter in the controller 51. This process leads a preset count that is a function of the set Position of the left margin indicator lever 38 is in the column pusher it counts in to indicate the starting column position of the slider on the line, that is, the slider on the left edge instead of the left edge of the page for display is brought ..- A "left margin" signal is also brought by the Control 5I generated and via a line 79, the connecting line 20 and a line 79a in the keyboard connection devices 21 input to backspace signals when compared with

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Except for the case that an edge release key is depressed, is disabled (i.e., to prevent a Push button signal moves the slider to the left).

The position of the slider along the line changes as it progresses Write out and is activated by increment and / or decrement column signals on corresponding lines 8.3 and 84 from the keyboard connection devices 21 to the connecting line 20 controlled. These signals are transmitted to the connecting line 20 abandoned the lines 86 and 87 to the controller 51 to the To increase or decrease the position of the column shifter along the line. The column position of the slide along the Line is changed by having an alphanumeric character key (Increment), space key (increment), backspace key (decrement) is struck, and also by editing keys, e.g., a clear (decrement) key of group 28 of Fig. 1; the slide row position is always the basic writing line, however, this row position with respect to the storage row position is changed by the carriage return key is depressed or that the roller knobs are rotated, as explained above, by more or fewer lines of text to bring to representation.

The right margin control 52 takes the character spacing into account and free spaces, as used when writing a line, so that the signals for the bell and for be formed "at the right edge". In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the information is in a line of text on the display, which is stored in a row of the memory, a length of 128 characters. There is therefore a discrete number of characters per line of the display and per line of memory. The number of characters and spaces used while writing a line of text are used, the characters and spaces in the right margin control 52 are counted. In addition, with a proportional font, different

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. 2233831

Characters of different widths (width and narrow characters) and thus width codes are generated to account for the number of character spaces used on a line. The width codes are also used by the character generator to control the length of the slider. The depression of an alphanumeric key from the keyboard 12 sends a coded signal to the memory 19, which in turn uses this coded signal to address a read-only memory in order to derive the appropriate code for this character. This latter code contains character width information and the code is stored in memory and is also used to address the character generator 56 for the visual display of the character. The latitude code data is taken from the connecting line 20 via a cable 66; they indicate the width of the characters and spaces, and the width code is applied to a counter within the right margin control 52 and counted to account for the number of spaces (fonts and spaces) used in writing the line. The count is used to determine when to generate the chime and right edge signals; in other words, they should indicate when the right margin reaches I _x St. If the counted number is equal to or greater than the right margin count as determined by the setting of the right margin indicator lever 39, the signal "will be at the right margin "generated and given up to line 75. The ringing signal on line 74 is generated a certain number of times before the "right edge" signal. For example, the controller 52 can be set in such a way that the ringing signal 15 Abtanke inhe it occurs earlier than the Sig-r. nal "on the right edge" creates v.'ird. The spacing or width code data is applied over cable 66 "to an adder within controller 52 in conjunction with the preceding spacing count for the line stored within

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will. The distance counting is brought up to date and a counter: this counter takes into account the total number of intervals as they are used. Of the Output from this counter is then compared to the right margin limit as determined by the right margin indicator lever set so that the signal is generated "on the right edge" and with a preset number (e.g. a number, which shows 15 distances) compared to the ringing signal is obtained.

it

In addition to writing characters, it is also possible to strike out, e.g. ά. Another possibility, namely underlining, is achieved in that only the most significant bit in the character code is changed. If a character is to be crossed out, the slider is placed under a character (c) with the help of the space key or the backspace key (and with the rotary knobs if the character to be crossed out is on a line other than the line just written) -, and

second
the character (a slash) is written over UaS ₁ first character (c) so that the former is crossed out. This is achieved by taking into account that the slide is under an existing character and that the visual display of the two characters is directed over one another. A code (strike-through or back key) is also stored in memory to indicate the presence of such a surich.

A character display line 88 outputs a signal the connection line 20 to the keyboard connection devices 21 .. to indicate that a character is intended for a particular one Time is connected. This handwriting indicator signal mlt the "compare" signal on line / '8 indicates that the slide is under a character, and through the Keyboard connection devices 21 when depressing a symbol key to initiate a strikeout sequence or a

, 209884/1257

SAD

2 3. ζ>. 19 72 17 / Ke '- 27 -. L / p 7 ^ 50

Strikethrough program is used. The purpose of this episode consists in generating a retreat ode that is contained in a Is stored between the two characters concerned (e.g., c, withdrawal code., '), -Ium to indicate that the two characters are to be displayed one above the other. This code also controls the printer in such a way that the strikethrough is done by hand when writing and the strikethrough code itself is of course not printed or rendered. During editing functions similarly, the code indicates the presence of the crossover; if it is desired, overwriting operation when a delete key is pressed delete, all three (two characters and the withdrawal code) to be deleted. This is achieved in that the slide is brought under the overwriting point on the display and the delete key is depressed. The first character is deleted from the memory, and the The slide is brought to a higher position, which results in a back key / slide comparison, which in turn shows that both the backspace code and the second character are deleted from memory. >

Vertical distance lever

The vertical or line spacing control lever 14 is used same function as the corresponding lever on a normal typewriter. The operator sets up the lever 14 Enter the 'desired number of spaces (e.g. single, double or triple space), and the one that is displayed Text is offset the same distance, just like correct writing. The typewriter simulator. 50 generated ' a binary space code representing the position of the switch ^ O, and this code is sent via a cable 90 to the Connection line-20 and from this via a cable 91 to the Keyboard connection devices 21 given and stored there. if

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the operator hits the carriage back button, one or two or three carriage returns through the keyboard connector 21 generated, which via the cable 47a to the connection line 20 are given. These coded signals are sent to the memory I9 via the connecting line 20 via the data cable 94 placed and stored in it. The resulting, stored Viagen returns are used to increase the printer 15 at Print so that the appropriate number of spaces between lines is obtained during printing.

Storage

The memory 19 has a main memory 98 which is connected to an input-output buffer memory 100 via a buffer memory 99. A "wide" read-only memory (ROM) IQ1 is in communication with the buffer memories 99 and 100. The read-only memory 101 is addressed by the character code and serves as a table reading device for determining the width of characters. It produces a two-bit output signal for displaying several (eg five) different character widths. This width information is fed together with the character code via the cable 94 into the connecting line 20 for the purposes described above (e.g. to take into account the number of spaces that are used when writing a line and to determine the length of the slider).

The memory 98 is designed so that it gives 60 rows (corresponding to display lines 1 to _Q leg), each row having 1024 bits which are divided into 128 characters, each having the length of eight bits. The memory address count (MAC) determines which character is being read into or out of a given line or row of memory 98, and a memory row count addresses the rows of memory. As mentioned earlier, a coincidence (comparison) determines

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a slide position (rows and columns) with the MAC count the exact position in the memory 98. » in which a character is to be stored. Each row of the memory corresponds to a line of text on page j52, but the first and last rows are not used for text display. Format lines are held in series in respective memory rows, and the information in each memory row is circulated. The characters stored therein are periodically, for example about 35 times per second, applied to the character generator 56 for continuous visual display of the stored text. In typical known memory visual display assemblies, there is a direct correspondence between a memory font and a visual display font and an entire page of text is stored in a single line rotating memory. Although in the present arrangement storage rows correspond to displayed lines, the character divisions within a line of the visual display do not necessarily have to correspond to positions in a row of the memory, because coded signals or non-displayable characters, e.g. the back key code for the strike through and the carriage return codes the text are present. The arrangement according to the invention enables an absolute addressing of the memory even if the text lines displayed are changed (assigned up or down ₍ e.g. by moving the rotary knob). This means that a certain line on the display (e.g. line 5) always corresponds to a given row (e.g. row 5) of the memory, regardless of where this particular row appears spatially on the display. The display position of the Text on the display can be changed, but this change does not change the contents of the main memory 98.

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A series comparison (line 76 from controller 51) occurs if the memory array address and the shift array enumeration are the same. This signal remains "yes" until the next memory row has been addressed (no comparison is made at this point in time more between the slide and accumulator rows). When the row comparison signal becomes "no", a retrace becomes the Visual display I3 triggered, and the cathode ray tube electron beam returns to the top of the screen. When the row spool count is incremented, for example with help the reel knobs, the row comparison signal occurs one line later, causing a return to occur one line later, so that an additional line of text is displayed visually. As a specific example, assume that Line 3 of the text, as shown in Fig. 3a. Line 4 and the following lines are read out from the main memory 98 and sent via the character generator 56 to the Display 13 given so that it is at the top of the display screen be brought to the display; all lines (line 4, etc.) are after the line is written, although they are fed into the display, released or blocked by the video circuit 55, so that a corresponding Visual display is prevented. When increasing the row slide counter by turning the rotary knobs by one position the row comparison signal occurs one row later, as stated above, whereby the fourth line of text, as in FIG Fig. 3) b partially shown, is brought to the visual display. Of the Return occurs at the end of the fourth line, and now the fifth and subsequent lines of text are extracted from the Memory led to the upper end of the display, as stated earlier, but left free.

A similar process occurs with a decrease. In this case the row comparison signal occurs one line higher, so that the rewind occurs at the end of the previous line. As a special example, assume again that line 5 of the Text, as in FLg. ") c shown, is brought to the representation.

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Reverse rotation of a roller knob decreases the row slide count, and thus row comparison occurs (and the rewind at the end of the line) one line earlier, namely at line 4 ..

The position of the text on the display screen can only be changed by changing a payment, ie the slide row H counting, either upwards or downwards. This allows the text "53 and the Seitenumriß 32 ehfach on the Anzeigeschirrn to be rolled up vein below and the above-described arrangement still results in an absolute addressing to the memory without the upward and downward displacement of the memory contents, resulting in a change in the memory addressing would effect.

Time control _

The timing controller 53 introduces the various timing signals into the overall system. It contains a clock generator for generating the timing signals. The basic duration is a time "t", which is fed in via a line 107, as can be seen "when looking at the detailed block diagrams of the partial arrangements according to FIGS. 5 to 8. For each duration t, the on a line 108 for memory control purposes (e.g. for serial shifting of character bits), and eight time periods t are equal to a MAC count or period of time of MAC counts) are fed in over line 110. Each MAC count corresponds to a character position in memory, as discussed above, and 128 MAC counts or durations represent the display time for a complete line on the display At the end of ^{1 of} the display duration, a deceleration occurs (which lasts 10 MAC counts), which the row shifter counter increased and one

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Addressing the next memory row causes »The return signal is supplied via a line 111. 6ö returns plus a fly-back duration (which is 128 MAC counts) represent the Duration of the visual display of an entire page of text, which, as stated above, repeats about 30 times per second will. The flyback signal is provided over a line 112. A cable l4o feeds control signals (e.g. Comparison), which are used to generate flyback and return signals. · ..-. ■

The time control enables simultaneous operation of the supply, · .., -. Link line 20. Thus, the data link line can: Simultaneously have a rather large number of signals applied to it, each type of information being transmitted over the line during an allotted time. The time period is divided into three major time cycle periods, namely the display period, the flyback period, and the flyback period. The visual display duration is divided into eight time segments t, namely t _o -t ~. This allows data to be arranged on the connecting line in an early period of time and, if necessary, to be read out therefrom during a later period of time Power distribution lines. The data line transmits character data and width data j the control and display lines transmit control signals, e.g. for row comparison, column comparison, carriage return, etc. and manipulating the text; the timing line carries timing signals such as scan, flyback and return signals. Finally, the voltage lines feed in the various voltages required for the entire arrangement. The ·

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first three lines work synchronously, “, the last two asynchronous.

Video and character generator

The. Video control circuit 55 is used to store character data from the connecting line 20 at each memory address count (MAC) for subsequent display by the display 13 It also controls the scrolling of the display 13. The character generator 56 receives digital codes representing characters and controls them Visual representation of the characters and the slide on the cathode ray tube of the display I3. The representation can be made in the form of a dot matrix; however, it is desirable that the character generator 56 generate analog signals for printing the characters on the display. The character width code is used by video control circuitry 55 to control the width of the character by controlling the horizontal scrolling of the display. In addition, the video control 55 controls the beam passage for the overwriting, as explained above, this means that after a character (t) has been written, the electron beam is deflected so that it places the second character (/) over the first character (^) writes. The video controller 55 also controls the generation of the page outline and controls the display blank or non-blank so that only the appropriate portions of the text which are received by the memory are displayed. The video control thus effects a visual display of the text information and the page outline from line 0 to the flyback and keeps everything else blank. The display is also kept blank by the circuit 55 when the undisplayed character is picked up, for example the backspace code and the carriage return code. The video circuit can make a character flash by using this

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If desired, characters are displayed less frequently.

The video attitude is responsive to the carriage return to find the right vertical segments in order to achieve the right side edge, as mentioned earlier, and to obtain the appropriate space between the text lines. The horizontal and vertical segments are represented by codes in the character generator 56. The top line of the side outline is generated by applying at a line _Q 1 is generated (which is always the first line in the memory, and the top line of the display) is a sequence of horizontal line segments. The left page outline is displayed to the left of the first possible character position at column 0 in that vertical segments are generated, as already mentioned above. The right-hand contour line in a mono step writing arrangement can be generated at a certain column position, in a proportional step arrangement an analog signal which controls the horizontal deflection amplifier for the cathode ray tube is checked and compared with a fixed reference voltage in order to control the character generator in such a way that a right vertical segment is generated when a certain voltage level occurs. In this way, the right line is displayed at a constant position to generate the right side outline. The bottom line of the page is drawn at line L ^ ₁ , and a flyback occurs after a final rewind.

Further detailed description of the arrangement and the simulation

The above statements serve to provide a comprehensive understanding of both the mode of operation of the arrangement and of the various Simulation properties; Below is a detailed discussion of the components and operation of the given various subsystems of the arrangement according to the invention.

2 0 9 8 8 U / 1 2 5 7.

28.6.1972 W / He - 35 - L / p 7 ^ 50

2253891

This is shown in detail in FIGS. 5 to 8; keyboard connection devices

In Flg. 5 are the keyboard connection devices 21 in detail with their interconnections between the keyboard 12 and the connecting line 20 is shown. The keyboard connection devices 21 take, as already indicated above, information and data from the keyboard 12 and feed them Data into line 20 in a suitable manner.

The keyboard 12 contains the various alphanumeric Keys and function and control keys. Each key is pressed a switch. When one of these switches is closed, signals are generated which in turn encode the feed Signals and control signals from the keyboard 12 to the keyboard connection devices 21 result. .If a numeric character key is depressed, for example, a seven-bit code for that particular font will point to seven data lines of the asynchronous character data cable 47 of a character control and timing sequencer shutdown 12b. given up. For example, the character "A" can have a code 0001100 ' (according to the standard USASCII coding). When the key is depressed, a main marker signal is on the line 49 from the keyboard indicating that the character data for storage in or for use by the keyboard connection devices'21. This marker signal is given to a main marking control 127, which in turn tJas gating data into the controller-126 controls. The. Marklersl-euerung 127 also energizes the solenoid, creating a sound that simulates the operation of a typewriter. the Intermediate books and tabulations can have separate taxation. Generate '.-i / Tnals on lines within the data cable 47. The '.j "return button could similarly be a separate Signal or a specific code. Generate in every case the various character and tax loads of the

6/28/1972 W / He - p6 - L / p 7 ^ 50

Keyboard 12 signals or coded signals that are appropriate Way into the keyboard connection devices 21 at the command of the main marker. 3 are introduced and ultimately on the connecting line 20 to be abandoned.

In addition, different types of functional tasi; en provided that have been mentioned earlier. Hitting one of the function keys closes one in a similar way Switch that sends asynchronous function data via cable 48 to introduces a function control and timing sequencer 128 in the keyboard terminal devices 21. If any of these Function buttons is also depressed Function marking signal over the line ^ 9a to a functiansma, rki he gave up control 129, which in turn indicates to the control] 2 $ that the function data are available. Although not shown, a function marker signal can be applied to the solenoid for the same reason as the main marker signal to be abandoned.

Most character control and function keys provide for a simple switch closure. Certain buttons can, however, result in a double closing (e.g. another switch closing when the button is fully depressed), to indicate that the particular event should be repeated, as in the case of a conventional typewriter applies. For example, a full depression closes the space bar a second switch, indicating that the space bar is fully depressed, so that a Space bar signal and a main marker signal repeatedly fed as long as the space bar is fully depressed; a partial depression, however, causes only one of these signals occurs. The same goes for the backspace key. Certain functional tasi; en can also have double-stroke keys be, e.g. add very letters, remove letters and.-tabs, which in turn causes a certain

209884/12 5 7

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2233881

Funct i one's expensive signal and function marking signal from the Keypad to be repeatedly abandoned in the terminal equipment.

The keyboard connection devices 21 feed the character and function data into the connecting line 20 at appropriate times. The "comparison" line jB from the connecting line 20 is connected to an AND gate 1 ^ 1, the output of which is applied to an input of the character control 126. Corresponding lines, the timing signals from the time. control 53 iii Fig. 4 feed, are used in the entire arrangement, but they are not shown in most cases in order not to jeopardize the clarity of the drawing. The character data are applied from the controller 126 via the data cable 47a at a coincidence of the "comparison and timing control signal es t-, and a write control signal is applied to the line 6o," which causes the respective character to be written into the These operations occur when there is no "right edge" signal which would cause KMD gate Γ31 to disable the write control and increment column signals. Controller 26 also generates increment column signals on output line 8ja and an increment row signal at a carriage return on output line 80, these signals being used by the position indicator and left edge control 51 of Figure H , as discussed earlier, controller 126 picks up the distance code over cable 21 and this code is used on a carriage return used to feed the appropriate carriage return code into the memory so that the Number of spaces is displayed to be provided between lines due to the setting by the spacer lever 40 in FIG.

As far as eyesight is able to use individual types striking extremely high speed almost parallel, for example, if the word "the" is written, ' the controller 126 can use a small buffer memory (e.g. with

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a length of four characters) in order to avoid the typed characters while typing too fast to hold on. Then the store keeps track of the data one after the other into the connecting line 20 at appropriate times.

The function controller and timing sequencer 128 operate similarly to controller 126 to feed function data onto connecting line 20 via cable 48a. feed corresponding times. It also generates the decrement column signals on line 84 and the increment column signals e on line 83d for purposes as noted above. As in the case of the controller 126, the transmission of function data to the connecting line occurs when the "comparison" signal on the line 78 coincides with a specific time "t" for the various functions performed. The comparison signal is applied via the line 78 to a U ^ D gate 132, the output of which is connected to the controller 128. The signal "on the left side" is ^a the gate 132 applied via the line 79, and at a coincidence of this signal and the comparison signal, a repetition is inhibited. In a similar way, an AND gate 1.34 responds to the comparison signal and the signal "at the right edge" in order to prevent the introduction of spaces into the text. The increment column signals from the two controllers 126 and 128 are sent via the lines 8.5a and "5b to a QDER gate 135, which in turn feeds increment column signals on the line 83 into the connecting line 20. The outputs from the AND gates 131, 132 and 134 are also applied to the input of an OR gate I36 in order to disable the operation of the keyboard solenoid as well as the application of the main marking signals to the character control 126 when one of the disable outputs from these gates occurs.

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The keyboard terminal devices 21 also control overwriting with the aid of an overwriting controller I38. As already stated earlier, the codes for two characters that are to be displayed as an overwrite (e.g. 4) are stored and separated by a backspace code (e.g. c, backspace code, /). A font indicator signal on line 88 from trunk 20 indicates that a character is present on the trunk (the first character of overwriting in this case). An AND gate 139 receives the character display signal, the comparison signal from line 78 and the main mark signal from line 49 to provide an initiation signal for the overwrite control 138. The character display signal is obtained by checking whether a character is present . is present on the data part of the connection line 20 at time t; if so, the character display signal is applied to line 88 at time t. If the comparison signal is also present at time t ~, the slide is under a character. This information in connection with the depression of a key (for the second character) is indicated by the main marker signal from the AND gate 139 so that a flip-flop is set within the overwrite control I38 to initiate an overwrite program. The overwrite control 138 gives signals to the character control and to the function control 128 in order to gate the corresponding character and control data to the connecting line 20.

Any character code or column storage location in memory stores information for a single character, space or code. So much for an overwriting process comprises three pieces of information (i.e. the first character, the backspace code and the second character), a rim of operations occurs which causes the first Characters in a first position, the backspace code in the immediately following position, and the second Character is stored in the third position, although

June 28, 1972 U / He. - 40 - L / p 7450

the slider on the display under the first character and the second character then protrudes through the keyboard the first character is introduced ". An example The overwrite program can essentially take the following steps included, which are made by the controller 1J) 8 after the first alphabet has been written: store the second character in the next following memory section and raising the slider; Move this character to the following position (to open a memory location for the backspace code) and storing the backspace code in the space between the first and second characters. More precisely can an example 'J overwriting program comprise the following steps, assuming that the first character is already inserted into memory xvorden and the character display, comparison and -Main marking signal inputs (a second character has been struck on the keyboard) in the AND gate 1.39 correspond to a "one", whereby the program is started which is controlled by the controller 1.3> 8:

(1) Character addition occurs by one character pitch (eight bits) to be opened in the memory if the first and second characters are not in the same memory location can be stored: (2) the character controller 126 is acted upon by the controller 138 in the manner. that data is fed into the connection line, and causes the second character in the open Location is saved and the slider is incremented; and (3) a second character addition occurs by one Space between the first and second character positions, and the backspace code is stored in this location, and the slider increases twice so that it appears after the indicated swipe.

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The program can be expanded if arrangements to verify the test are desired by including the additional step of comparing the width codes for the 'two characters' and then taking precautions to store the larger width character in front of the backspace code » in this way, the width codes for the characters in the rewrite controller 138 will be fed from the parallel read memory of the memory 19, so that the width of comparison can be carried out * at first, if it is, the storage of the font ^1, sign of greater width around the second hinged characters, is achieved in that an additional register device is provided in the memory 19, which is acted upon by the overwrite program so that the second or subsequent characters can be stored and then shifted to the previous position, and the first character can be shifted to the next position following the backspace code so that the result is obtained: widest character, backspace code, narrowest character.

The overwrite program thus causes the first character, the backspace code and the second character to be stored in sequence. As a specific example of the stored and read information, assume that the text for the visual display and for the stored printout is: hB0O> At t _x and a MAC payment of zero {ie, Jb ₁ '. MAC O) the '^ "character is connected (ie it is available on the connecting line 20) and is entered at this point in time into the video circuit 55. The character is generated by the character generator 56 and then, for example during the times tr - until t _{Q is recorded} by the CRT display 13. Similarly, the character "B" appears on the line at ^, MAC 1 and then becomes like the character

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223389 '!

"A" shown. Correspondingly, the character ^lf C "is introduced into the Vifeo circuit at t- .MAC 2 and is represented approximately in the time period tp- to t _0. At time t- .. MÄC 3, the backkey code is available from the memory. This code shows indicates that the display should not display a character, but that the standard font count should go back equal to that of the character "c", and the cathode ray is tilted back and about time "advertised. the character" t -bis t D "is in a similar way at the time t, 5 stored .MAC and tp at the time. to t ₀ is recorded. the three consecutive character-steep in the memory for the Overwriting has saved the corresponding codes for "c", the backspace code and "/". If the delete function key is pressed, for example, the first character (ri.h. C "is displayed and deleted scht; then by displaying the backspace code and the slider comparison, both the backspace code and the second character (ie / ¹ J are deleted.

Font drawing simulator

For a detailed explanation of the typewriter simulator 50 reference is made to FIG. 6! the simulator feeds the Increment and decrement row shifter signals on line 62, the edge data and the edge load on a corresponding cable 68 and line 69 and the space code on cable 90 into connecting line 20. The roller knobs "56 and Are connected to each other and act on rotary switches so that counting signals are obtained for each locking position. These counting signals are sensed by a sense circuit 150, the output signals for each change in the parking position on lines I5I and 152 results in the corresponding Control movement of text up and down on the visual display.

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In an exemplary arrangement, a double-level bracket with 24 switch positions and a Gray code are used to achieve a repetition cycle of four binary codes. These codes are displayed by circuit 150 so that both generate output pulses for each locking position and indicate the direction of rotation * The use of this type of coding results in sets of unique numbers indicating each direction of rotation of the reel knobs starting from any rest position abandoned any parking position movement of the buttons. When rotated clockwise accordingly, a number of pulses on line 152 are applied. If the number of positions rotated in one direction is equal to the number rotated in the other direction, no pulses are applied to lines 151 and 152. These lines are provided with corresponding AND gates 154 and. 155 to provide the appropriate increment and D decrement row shifter outputs on line 62 at appropriate times. For example, the increment pulses from the line I5I, if they are coming, are passed through the gate 154 at the coincidence of the flyback and flyback and MAG 9 and tp S ^e S ^at t ^er t. The decrement pulses are grounded in a similar way, but gated at time t ^. The row shifter increment and decrement signals are fed into the connecting line 20 via line 62 in order to increase or decrease the row shifter in the manner indicated above.

The edge indicator levers 38 and 39 according to FIG. 6 act on a Pair of multiple contact elements sliding on a code rail, which is shown in detail in FIG. For example If the lever .38 has seven electrically interconnected contacts, which are arranged side by side and slide along a base rail I60 as well as corresponding Conductive coding segments I6I to 166, as FIG. 9 shows.

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The areas between the segments are not conductive, but the segments of a corresponding row are connected to one another. The position of lever J8 causes one or more output terminals 171-176 to either produce a given output voltage or to be connected to the base rail. In this way, a code consisting of six bits is fed from the left connections of the rail in FIG. 9 into the typewriter simulator 15 in FIG. 6 to a multiplexing device 180 via a cable I78. Similarly, the position of the right lever 39 provides a seven-bit cafe from the right output terminals of the rail in FIG. 9 via a cable 182 to the multiplexer I80 of FIG at a certain point in time and the right edge data of the connection line can be abandoned at another point in time. The left and right edge data are applied via the multiplexing device I80 through an input / output memory 84 and the cable 68 of the connecting line 20 and are stored in the corresponding registers in the left edge control 51 and the right edge control 52. The left bit of least significance (LSG) and the right bit of least significance of the corresponding edge codes are sent to a status change detector I88 via lines I86 and I87. Every movement of a lever is indicated by showing the bit of least significance, as far as the LBG signal changes with every change of position _? and the lever position in coded form is given to the multiplexer. The detector I88 generates left and right edge signals on respective lines 190 and 19I and a control signal for the AND gates 193 and 194. When either of the edge indicator levers 38 or 39 is shifted or the assembly is turned on, the control output of the detector I6 follows "1" and has the effect that one or both of the AND gates 193 and feed control signals into the multiplex device 18O at appropriate times (e.g. * MAC 1 for the left edge and MAC 2 for the right edge, as indicated in FIG. 6), around the edge data for

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to gate the multiplex device ISO. Additionally be the outputs from these AND gates 193 and 194 through a QDER gate 196 abandoned the border fill signal on line 6y feed to the connection line. . .

The multiplexer 18o takes the left and right margin data and transfers it to the. Input-output buffer l34 depending on which edge lever position changed been eating. The margin fill signal on line 69 indicates that Edge data is available, it provides a load command signal for resistors in the left edge control 51 and the right Edge control 52 represents. The preferred position corresponds to the left edge position directly from a memory column address (and in the case of several number spacings from the left edge of the page outline 32), so that the left margin position code can be regarded as the memory address. For a text with constant space the right margin is considered in the same way; with proportional font, however, the right margin is used as a special unit space count or distance from the left edge of the page outline 32 as discussed earlier. If you know the number of available characters between rooms per row of storage units and the right margin code, the is selected by the lever 39, this enables a lock to take effect and the chime a predetermined number of times is operated by gaps before the lock takes effect,

The spacing lever 40 indicates the number of spaces that occur between the lines in a carriage return in the same manner as the spacing lever in a conventional one. Typewriter, the distance lever feei-desr 40 is a switch and is connected to a distance code sequence circuit 200, which in turn feeds the selected distance code at a corresponding point in time (return and flyback and MAC 0 and t ₂ ) via the cable 90 to the connecting line 20. The position

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of the lever 40 determines which of the three codes generated and the trunk is abandoned, with the codes indicating one, two or three carriage returns to be stored. This code is given over the connection line 20 by a cable 91 in the keyboard connection devices 21, as for in connection with the discussion of FIG. 5. When the carriage return key on keyboard 12 is depressed, the keyboard connection devices 21 generate the corresponding carriage return code (for one, two or three line spacings) back to the connecting line 20 and for insertion into the Memory 19 · This code is fed from memory to both video circuit 50 and printer 15 so that a correspondingly suitable line spacing is obtained on the display 13 and on the printed hard copy of the printer will. On the other hand, to simplify the arrangement, the spacer lever 40 can also contain only two positions (1 and 2). In this way, only two output signals (for one distance and for two distances) are available and will be used to either a single carriage return code or store a double carriage return code without generating of three carriage return codes is required.

Position indicator control and left margin control

In the position indicator and left margin control 51, the Data code for the left edge from the multiplex device of the typewriter simulator 15 in FIG. 6 via the cable 70 abandoned a position register 210 for the left margin. The load signal is fed to register 210 through line 72, to introduce the left margin code into the register. The left margin data is in positions 2 to 7 of the register 210 is introduced and the bit position O of this register is zero. This essentially multiplies the edge count by 2 so that each edge position is doubled and is therefore equivalent is four separate units.

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The contents of the storage device 210 are fed into a column slide counter 211 when a filling command is received on a line 8l which occurs when the carriage is returned or on command. The content of the counter 211 is incremented or decremented due to the writing out of characters: -, the depression of the space bar when the backspace key is pressed, and so on, so that the text position (column) can be kept aligned within the written line. The column shifter count in counter 211 is compared with character data (ie compared to each MAC count) in a column comparison circuit 213, and during a portion or "window" t of the time period t "of the display duration, the column comparison signal on line 77 is an RS flip -Flop 214 generated. The column shift count is continuously compared with the memory address in this way and there is of course a column comparison at least once per text row. The flip-flop 214 is reset during the period ty of the visual display period. Similarly, the memory address count _{available at time t Q} is compared via a comparison circuit 216 with the left edge position so that a signal is passed to an AND gate 217 which in turn provides the "left edge" signal on the lines 79 at the. Visual display time t "results. There is a direct correspondence between the memory count and the left margin code, but not for the right margin code in the case of a large proportional font.

The controller 51 also has a series slide counter 220 by signals on input lines 63 and 64 is increased and decreased so that the text series is applied is ensured. A series comparison circuit 221 compares the contents of the counter 220 with the memory row address, thus the row comparison signal on line 76 from a D-type flip-flop 222 at MAC 2 and t ^ and at Return is received. When the carriage return button is depressed or the roller knobs to a locked position

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June 28, 1972 W / He. - 48 - L / p 7450

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are rotated further, the row skew counter 220 turns Incremented one so that the next line of text is displayed (or a free line if there is no information on the next line has been written out) * The content of the left margin register 210 is in turn entered into the column shift counter 211 gated up when the wagon was repatriated. This causes the slider to appear at the left edge position, as selected by the left margin indicator lever 38, and as by the contents of the left margin » registers 210 and indicated on the left edge signal on line 79.

Right edge control

The right edge control 52 is shown in Figure 8; she is designed for proportional font; the right edge data from the typewriter simulation 50 in FIG. 6 in a lock 230 for the right margin gated when the right edge lever 39 is moved or when power is applied as indicated by the right edge code has bits 1 through 7, the are introduced in positions 3 through 9 of lock 2.30, and zeros are introduced in positions 1 and 2 to code multiply by four. The right margin code is then in the lock is available but is not interpreted as a memory address count (in a proportional font system), as is the case with the left Randoode, but as a count with a unit distance. To determine if an approximation If done to the right margin, it is necessary to add the number of spaces (free spaces and font spaces) count that are present on a given line. The Abfitandsdateh .and the ij.-eiteijcode are, as mentioned earlier, given via a cable 66 to an adder 2.32. At the time t-, the sum of the 3 ohr j f tcharacter or distance data anddee is stored in a lock 233, and at time tp the contents of the jack via a cable 255 back to the adder 232

+ Fill command on the line, '3 specified.

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given. At the next point in time t, the width of the preceding characters and the new character (or spaces or a combination of characters and spaces) are added to one another on this VJelse. This new total is periodically applied to the counter 234 so that this counter contains the unit spacing count of the line that has already been used. In order to generate a ringing signal on the output line 7-4 2U, the output of the counter 234 is added with a preceding count (e.g. 15 unit distances) in an adder 238, and the content of this adder is in a comparison circuit 239 with the content of the right edge lock 230 compared. The comparison circuit 2.39 generates the ringing signal if the content of the adder 238 is equal to the content of the lock 230, or if the content of the adder 238 is greater than ^1. In a similar manner, the line spacing count from counter 234 is compared in a second comparison circuit 242 with the contents of the right edge lock 230 so that the signal "on the right edge" is formed on line 75. This signal occurs when the line spacing count is equal to or greater than the contents of the right margin lock 230.

In the case of a proportional writing system, which also allows the wavelength of the text to be influenced, an additional Logic can be provided to take into account the spacing in order to stretch or compress the line to be written can be. This can be achieved by using a pair of counters in conjunction with a corresponding adder and Subtracters to add and subtract these numbers from the line spacing count before the first and second comparison according to Fig. 8 achieve.

Although special logical holdings, Polgen from Work processes and time controls have been described and shown, other processes can also be selected for this purpose.

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June 28, 1972 W / He - 53 - L / p 7450

Although for example data or signals as the connection line or a subsystem at a certain point in time Abandoned have been described, these can also be abandoned at other times, whereby it is only necessary is that the particular data or control signal is for use at a corresponding time or times is available. Furthermore, the embodiments explained in the present description are in no way for limiting the invention.

209884/1257

Claims (7)

6 * 7.1972 W / Sch. Claims ι 1 \ Electronic typewriter arrangement with a keyboard, ^x ~ ' -. - An operator uses the buttons to enter a text and control signals into the arrangement, with a data processing device that has a memory for processing and storing the text and which has control signals entered via the keyboard turn, and with a display device for visual representation of the text that has been entered in the arrangement by, characterized in that the vertical position on the display device, on which the previously entered text is displayed is controllable by the operator. 2. Electronic typewriter arrangement according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that the display device includes a plurality of display lines including a text print line showing the text when inserted from the keyboard, and a plurality of additional text display lines above the text print line, and that in response to a feedback control signal all text displayed on the text print line and the additional text display lines in a correspondingly higher one Text display line can be moved so that additional text, which is introduced via the keyboard, on the text print line to the Display is brought. 3. Electronic typewriter arrangement according to claim 2, characterized . characterized in that the text print line is the lower of the plurality of display lines is. 4. Electronic typewriter arrangement according to one of the claims Ibis 3, characterized in that the visual display device also displays a page outline, its vertical position corresponds to the vertical position at which the previously introduced 2 098 8 4, Π 2 57 - * - 6.7.1972 W / Sch. Text is brought to the display. 5. Electronic typewriter arrangement according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that rotary knobs are assigned to the keyboard which are similar to rotary knobs a conventional typewriter are rotatable, the rotation of the roller knobs increment or decrement signals in the data processing device gives, which in turn a visual representation on the visual display device of a larger or results in a smaller number of display lines depending on increment and decrement signals. 6. Electronic typewriter arrangement according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the keyboard has a manually adjustable edge device for controlling the right and left boundaries of the textual display on the display device. 7. Electronic typewriter arrangement according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a distance control device is provided which determines the number of free intervening Defines display lines between display lines on which a text is displayed on the display device, wherein the distance control device sends signals to the data processing device used in conjunction with the feedback control signal introduced on the keyboard, the number of free intervening display lines between the display lines on which the text is to be displayed is brought to display and control. 2098 8 U 12 57