DE2228994A1 - PROPULSION SYSTEM FOR VEHICLES, IN PARTICULAR SHIPS - Google Patents

Description

Pr. P. Zumsteln sen. - Dr. E. Assmann Br. R. Koenigo.oarger - Dipl. Phys. R. Holzbauer

Dr. F. Zumstoin jun.

godfather ianwälte

8 Munich 2, Bräuhauistraß 4 / IiI

AMIOO? 3325-72

Propulsion system for vehicles, in particular ships.

The invention relates to the drive systems for vehicles with a group of several piston internal combustion engines, who develop a relatively high overall performance, in particular, if not exclusively, Such systems for propelling ships, in particular speed boats, which are very powerful propulsion systems require limited space to accommodate.

It is known to those skilled in the art that a certain number of conditions are possible for such propulsion systems must be well met, of which the most important appear to be the following, particularly in the case of propulsion systems for ships, to which the space available for the engine system is limited is.

The crankshafts of the. Motors must be easy to

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be accessible and expandable, whereby their expansion must be able to be carried out by simple maintenance mechanics without Experts from the manufacturer must be consulted.

The space requirement of the system must be as small as possible, especially with regard to its largest cross-section, in which not only the actual Hotoren but also their accessories should be inscribable, especially the pre-compression unit, with which such propulsion systems are generally provided.

It must be possible to install and remove the motors forming the system quickly and easily.

The various features of the invention have the task of fulfilling these various conditions as well as possible, or at least find an acceptable compromise between them.

The drive system according to the invention with. ■; <■ / -. ■■.

superposed motor elements, each with a certain number of pairs of opposed horizontal Zyl loaders, said superposed motor elements are coupled to a common reduction gear whose \\ ta ~ input shaft, the single drive shaft of the AriLage forms, is characterized in that each of the motor elements by Wimi - at least two separate motors are formed, which are end-to-end and each of which has its own crankshaft, the opposite ends of the crankshafts of these two motors being connected by releasable coupling means, so that each motor of the plant is disconnected from the the other separated and its crankshaft removed individually; can v / orden.

Thanks to this design, it is possible, in particular in the event of a malfunction of an engine, to remove the components of the same after the motor element in question has been uncoupled and the the crankshaft of this engine with the crankshaft (In-J-other Motor of the same motor element connecting coupling means were disengaged, then the system with the other motor element. continue, can work.

Each engine preferably has a removable panel opposite its crankshaft, which after removal

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dercelben the denomination of the crankshaft by a vertical one Allows movement or at least gives access to the connecting rods of the crankshaft.

In the case of the upper motor element belonging to

Motors, the removable panel can be formed by a simple bolted plate, which closes an opening, which is formed in the upper wall of the housing and extends over the entire length of the crankshaft of the engine, wherein the perpendicular movement to remove the crankshaft is then directed upwards.

In the case of engines belonging to the lower engine element, the removable panel can be formed by an oil pan which is inserted into the lower wall of the housing and extends over the entire length of the crankshaft of the engine, the perpendicular movement then being directed downward to remove the crankshaft.

The two motors forming each motor element are expediently of identical design, which makes maintenance easier simplified

For the same reason, the lower and the upper motor element of the system expediently have an identical one Design type.

In any case, in such a system according to the invention, the separate Slementar motors with pairs of opposing cylinders are preferably motors with at least five cylinder pairs (to achieve the required power), the number of cylinder pairs preferably being five or six, which then leads to crank lengths which allow removal by simple maintenance mechanics, while longer (e.g. corresponding to ten pairs of opposing cylinders) crankshafts would require highly specialized mechanics for their removal and removal, which are generally only available at the factory that made the engines.

A special feature of the invention relates to the supply of a designed in the above manner Ant iebiranj age with pre-compression, i.e. a system with two uL <cinander-lying motor elements, each of which at least

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comprises two separate engines, which are formed by pairs of cylinders facing each other and with their Ends are put together, so that such a system has four rows of cylinders, namely a right and a left Cylinder row for each cylinder element (whereby each cylinder row is formed by cylinders which each separate the two belonging to motors forming the relevant motor element).

According to this special feature, the drive system equipped with a pre-compression unit, which is fed by four turbo compressors to feed the four rows of cylinders of the system is formed, the turbine of each turbo compressor by the exhaust gases of the "from the Kompre-S-sor of the turbo compressor in question fed cylinder bank is driven. '

The four turbo compressors of the pre-compression unit and their accessories (manifolds for the exhaust gases and the compressed air, heat exchangers, etc.) are preferably dimensioned and arranged so that they are the largest Remain partially or even completely inscribed in the largest cross-section of the system, expediently in such a way that they do not protrude laterally on both sides of the system so that they do not increase the width of the arrangement.

For this purpose, according to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outlets of the four rows of cylinders are according to the exterior of the plant and its inlets to the horizontal Central plane of the system (plane on both sides on which the lower and upper motor elements are arranged) directed.

Each turbo compressor is located at the end of the corresponding cylinder bank on the side of the output shaft, it is slightly offset to the side with respect to the outlets of the cylinder bank, with the turbine of the turbo compressor is connected to these outlets by an outlet duct, which extends along the relevant cylinder bank extends and is below or above this, depending on whether it belongs to the lower or the upper motor element.

The compressor of every turbo compressor

feeds, preferably via a cooler, which is below or above the corresponding outlet line is arranged, depending on

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the whether the corresponding cylinder bank belongs to the lower or the upper Kotorelement, an intake manifold, which between the two engines, which the cylinders of the Belong cylinder row, and in the zone of the horizontal center plane of the system in two elementary Einlaßsammeirohre divides which serve to feed the cylinder group of one engine or the cylinder group of the other engine and between the lower and the upper Motoreler.ent of the system are arranged

According to a further feature of the invention relating to the installation of the drive system in the vehicle to be driven, the system is directly on the structure of the vehicle associated support elements of a certain height with the interposition of elastic buffers attached, which an elastomer Contain mass, which between a lower, attached to the support elements sole and an upper, on the housing of the Propulsion system attached sole is held, the training being made so that one to the underside of the drive system Has access by stepping into the space between the support elements.

The upper sole is preferably made with the elastomeric one Mass connected by releasable axles, which pass through groups of opposing openings, which are formed in the side walls of the upper sole or in the side walls of an opposing sole, which are constantly attached to the elastomeric mass is attached and engages in the upper sole · It is then sufficient to remove these axes to complete the system to be released from the elastic suspension buffers, which with their opposing soles remain in place with the upper soles attached to the housing of the plant.

The invention is explained below by way of example with reference to the drawing.

Pig. 1 is a perspective schematic

View of a propulsion system according to the invention for ships in FIG ready for operation

Pig. 2 and 3 show in the same representation

the system during the removal of a crankshaft b'w belonging to the upper engine element. during the removal of a dem

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crankshaft belonging to the lower engine element.

Pig. 4 and 5 are plan and plan views, respectively View of the yorder end of the in Pig. 1 shown propulsion system.

Pig. 6 is a schematic cross section of FIG

Arrangement of two such propulsion systems in the fuselage of one Ship.

Pig. 7 and 8 are exploded views showing suspension buffers in side and plan views, respectively show the system.

The one in Pig. 1 drive system shown is particularly suitable for speedboats, in which in the Fuselage two identical systems can be provided, which are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the longitudinal center plane P of the fuselage are as schematically in Pig. 6 shown.

According to Pig. 1 contains this propulsion system

two superposed motor elements 1 and 2, each of which by two separate motors with pairs of opposite one another horizontal cylinders is formed, which are put together with their ends, namely motors 1a and 1b for the lower motor element 1 and motors 2a and 2b for the upper motor element 2.

Each of these has four separate engines

its own crankshaft, and you can see it clearly in Pig. 2 the crankshaft 3 of the engine 2b and in Pig. 3 the crankshaft 4 of the engine 1b.

The opposite ends of the

coaxial crankshafts of the two one and the same (lower or upper) motor element forming motors are detachable by Coupling means combined, for which, for example, corrugations 5 (see Pig. 2 and 3) can be provided at these ends, with which a (not shown) internally corrugated sleeve cooperates, which covers the ends and axially on one side is held by an inner shoulder and on the other by an annular plate, which is attached and detachable Limbs is attached, the removal of which the Y / e slide the sleeve and thus the mutual uncoupling of the two crankshafts allowed.

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It should be noted that the angular position of the two crankshafts of one and the same engine element is from depends on the selected firing order.

For a drive system of this type with four separate motors for speedboats, it is practical to use four identical ones Engines with ten cylinders each are provided, with the Overall system developed a total output of around 10,000 hp.

Each of the motors 1a and 1b of the lower motor element 1 has a bolted oil pan on its underside 6, which extends over the entire length of the corresponding crankshaft extends, while each motor 2a and 2b of the upper motor element 2 has a bolted plate 7 on its upper side wearing.

In Fig. 2 is the removal of the schematic

Crankshaft 3 of an upper engine 2b after removing its bolted Plate 7 shown, which takes place by a perpendicular upward movement after the crankshaft 3 of the The crankshaft of the other upper engine 2a has been disconnected

Pig.3 also shows the removal of the crankshaft 4 of a lower motor Tb after removal. tion of its bolted oil pan 6, which is shown by a plumb line downward movement occurs after the crankshaft 4 is separated from the crankshaft of the other lower engine 1a was uncoupled.

It should be noted that it is convenient to take out the crankshafts of the lower motors 1a and 1b when, as schematically in Pig. 6 shown, di.e system on support elements is attached to a certain height, expediently on keels 8 (long ribs) firmly attached to the structure of the ship, the mechanic entrusted with the removal due to the usual height of such keels to the lower oil pan 6 has access by stepping between these keels.

Below is the pre-compression unit

for the drive system constructed in the above manner with reference in particular to Pig. 1, 4 and 5, in which the same reference numerals denote like parts.

This pre-compression unit has four independent turbo compressors 9, which at the rear end

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the drive system are arranged, i.e. on the side of a common reduction gear 10, which with the two Crankshaft lines is coupled, and its output shaft forms the only drive shaft of the system.

Each turbo compressor 9 is a row of cylinders of the system (right and left lower row and right and left upper row) and contains a turbine 9a, which is operated with the exhaust gases from the corresponding cylinder bank come and are supplied to it by two collecting lines 11 assigned to the two motors of this series, as well as a compressor 9b, which this cylinder bank via a Cooler 12 feeds, which opens into an inlet manifold 13, which occurs between the two engines (e.g. 2a and 2b), which the cylinders belong to the relevant cylinder bank, and are located at the point of the horizontal center plane of the system in two elementary inlet headers 13a and 13b divides which the cylinder group belonging to one of the engines (e.g. 2a) or the cylinder group belonging to the other engine (e.g. 2b) Food.

How clear from Pig. 1, 4 and in particular 5, each is the one at the end of the cylinder row fed by it lying turbo compressor 9 offset somewhat laterally to the side of the outlets of this cylinder row.

The eight Auslaßsammeirohre 11 are either above the upper engine element 2 or below the lower engine element 1, wherein they are within the largest cross section of the Stay plant

The eight elementary intake manifolds' 13a, 13b are between the lower engine element 1 and the upper motor element 2, where 'they are also within the largest Remain cross-section of the plant.

The four main inlet manifolds 13 are to

mostly between the rear motors 1a, 2a and the front ones Motors 1b, 2b without protruding from these motors in the transverse direction.

All of these Sauimel pipes are easily accessible and expandable.

The entirety of such a pre-compression

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aggregate makes the best use of the available space, is very compact, and the outlet and inlet paths are so short as possible, all of which appear to be very beneficial.

According to a special feature of the invention is the drive system on the keels 8 of the Schiffs (see Pig. 4 and 6) with the interposition of elastic Buffers 14 attached, of which in the illustrated system with forty cylinders, preferably six (three on each side) are provided.

How this more clearly aas the on a larger scale 7 and 8 held, each has elastic Buffer 14 an elastomeric mass 15, which between a lower sole 16 fastened e.g. by bolts to the corresponding keel pig 8 and one e.g. also by bolts upper sole 17 attached to the lower wall of the oil pan of the system is held.

In order to facilitate the expansion of the facility

the upper sole 17 is easily detachable with the elastomeric compound 15 connected by means of a mating sole 18 which is permanently attached to the top of the elastomeric mass 15 and by engaging in the upper sole 17 interacts with the latter, the side walls of the opposing sole 18 and the upper sole 17 overlap each other

The desired easily releasable attachment between these two parts is made with the help of simple horizontal transverse axes 19 produced, which through opposing openings 21 in the overlapping Sidewalls of the upper sole 17 and the opposing sole 18 step and in the fastening position by elastic Rings (e.g. snap rings) are held which are inserted into grooves 19a formed at the free ends of these axles.

When the system is expanded, the upper soles remain attached to it, while the rest of the buffers (opposing sole, elastomeric mass and lower sole) remains on the keel pigs.

As can be seen from the above, the invention has a drive system for speedboats

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the following advantages: compact structure, accessibility of the crankshafts, easy removal of all other Iiotorteile, proportionately short length and accessibility of the lines of the pre-compression unit, and almost complete axial symmetry

The invention can of course be modified and used for vehicles other than ships, e.g. for rail cars, heavy road vehicles, public works equipment, hovercraft, etc.

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Claims (1)

Patent claims 1.) Propulsion system for vehicles, in particular Ships, especially speedboats, with two superimposed Motorelenients, each of which has a certain number of pairs of opposing horizontal cylinders, these superimposed engine elements with a common Reduction gears are coupled, the output shaft of which forms the only drive shaft of the system, characterized in that that each motor element (1, 2) is formed by at least zv / ei separate motors (1a, 1b and 2a, 2b), which with their ends attached to each other, and each of which has its own crankshaft (3), the 'opposite-' lying ends of the crankshafts of these two engines are united by releasable couplings (5) so that each engine the system can be separated from the others. • · 2.) Drive system according to claim 1, characterized characterized in that each engine has a removable panel (6, 7) opposite its crankshaft; which according to their removal the lifting of the crankshaft by a vertical displacement is allowed or at least to the connecting rods gives access to the relevant crankshaft. 3.) Drive system according to claim 2, characterized characterized that the removable! panel in the motors belonging to the upper motor element was bolted by a simple one Plate (7) is formed, which is formed in the upper wall of the housing, extends over the entire length of the crankshaft of the motor extending opening closes. 4.) Drive system according to claim 2, characterized characterized in that the removable panel in the engines belonging to the lower engine element is formed by an oil pan (6) which is inserted into the lower wall of the housing and extends over the entire length of the crankshaft of the engine extends. 5.) Drive system according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the two motors (1a, 1b and 2a, 2b) of each motor element have an identical structure to have. 309810 / 060.5 6.) Drive system according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the lower Kotorelement (1) and the upper Kotor element (2) of the system are identical Have structure. 7.) Drive system according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the separate elementary motors (1a, 1b, 2a, 2b) with pairs of opposing cylinders, at least five cylinder pairs and preferably have five or six pairs of cylinders. 8.) Drive system according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized by a pre-compression unit consisting of four turbo compressors (9) for feeding the four rows of cylinders of the system, the turbine of each turbo compressor with the exhaust gases from the compressor of the turbo compressor in question powered cylinder bank is operated. 9.) Drive system according to claim 8, characterized characterized in that the four turbo compressors (9) of the pre-compression unit and their accessories (manifolds for exhaust gases and compressed air, heat exchangers, etc.) are dimensioned and arranged in such a way that they are largely or even completely in the largest cross-section of the system remain inscribed, and expediently so that they do not protrude laterally on either side of the system, so that they extend the width do not enlarge the arrangement. 10.) Drive system according to claim 9, characterized characterized in that the outlets (11) of the four rows of cylinders after Xusseren the system and its inlets (13) to the horizontal The center plane of the system (on both sides of which the lower and the upper motor element are located) are directed that each turbo compressor (9) is arranged at the end of the corresponding cylinder bank on the side of the output shaft, where he is slightly offset to the side of the outlets of this cylinder bank, the turbine (9a) of the turbo compressor with the outlets is connected by an exhaust manifold (11) which extends along the relevant cylinder bank and below or above this, depending on whether it belongs to the lower motor element or the upper motor element, and that the Compressor (9b) of each turbo compressor, preferably via 309810/0605 ■ le. a cooler (12), which is below or above the corresponding Exhaust manifold is arranged, depending on whether the corresponding cylinder bank is the lower or the upper engine element belongs to an inlet manifold (13) feeds which between the two engines to which the cylinders of the cylinder row belong, occurs and in the zone of the horizontal central plane of the system in two elementary inlet manifolds (13a, 13b) for supplying the relevant cylinder group of one of the motors and the cylinder group of the other of the motors divides, wherein these elementary Saminel pipes lie between the lower and the upper motor element of the system. 1t.) Propulsion system according to one of the claims 1 to 10, characterized in that they certain supporting elements (8) belonging directly to the structure of the vehicle Height is attached with the interposition of elastic buffers (14) which have an elastomeric mass (15), which are fixed between a lower sole (14) attached to the support elements and one attached to the housing of the drive system upper sole (17) is held, v / obei the training is made so that one to the underside of the drive system Has access by stepping into the space between the support elements. 12.) Drive system according to claim 11, characterized in that the upper sole (17) with the elastomer Ground is connected by means of removable axles (19), which are connected by groups of opposing openings (20, 21) which in the side walls of the * upper sole or in the side walls of a mating sole (18) which is permanently attached to the elastomeric mass and through. Engaging cooperates with the upper sole. 309810/0605 -ZV Blank page