DE2221769A1 - MARKED TRAFFIC AREAS AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURING IT - Google Patents

Description

IJ. ^ pril i PAT 72

Glasurit-Werke M. Winkelmann GmbH, Hamburg-Wandcbek

Marked traffic areas and processes for their production

The invention relates to traffic areas with a mark based on

A. binding agents forming a coating,

B. inorganic and / or organic pigments and fillers

C. Glass beads

are provided, which have weatherproof and at the same time non-slip surface properties and a particularly high Have a grip. The invention also relates to a method of making these markings.

Increasingly, traffic areas need markings obtain. Thus there is a growing need, particularly & a pavement markings that are required to be checked Not only do they dry very quickly after being applied, they also have a light retroreflective effect, high abrasion resistance and also have a very good grip. For the production of road markings Various coating compounds have already been proposed, but all of them so far with regard to grip of the cured coating have not been satisfactory.

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Thus, it is known for example from Swiss Patent 335,788 known to mark roads characterized in that solvent-free masses having a film-forming binder, which at the prevailing on roads temperature resistant and be "temperatures of 100 ⁰ C to 200 ⁰ G is liquid, together heated to the melting temperature of the film-forming binder with a rock flour that increases the abrasion resistance of the film and applies the liquid mass to the road.

The German Auslegeschrift 1 166 957 describes coating and paving compounds based on asphalt and epoxy resins with Layer thicknesses of 1.5 to 12.5 mm, on which, after application to the roadway, inert aggregates such as quartz grit, sand, Aluminum oxide can be sprinkled on before and during hardening to increase the resistance to slipping, wex ^ e and yellow markings, as they are prescribed for roadways, cannot be obtained by this method. It In the beginning, coatings with good abrasion resistance are created, but the interspersed material is affected by the impact of the vehicles driving over it torn out after a relatively short time, so that the abrasion resistance decreases and finally disappears completely »

In German Auslegeschrift 1 164 · 008 there is a coating compound for traffic areas exposed to abrasion on the basis of mixtures of epoxy resins, polysulphides or liquid polymerized chlorobutadienes, fillers and Hardening agents and a content of quartz powder or quartz grit with a grain size below 0.5 μ described. The application This known coating compound leads to weatherproof, abrasion-resistant and non-slip coatings. But these are not enough the grip values required by practice and the preservation of the color location required for a white marking.

The invention was based on the object of creating a traffic area provided with a marking which would have the disadvantages

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the "known. lane markings does not have and itself characterized by a "special grip. The grip of a marking is of" particular importance for the behavior . a vehicle with profiled tires that is braked on a "wet road so that the wheels" lock. The grip value is given in SRT units and with the "Skid Resistance Tester" (SRT device) measured. The device and the method of measurement are described in "Road Research" - Road Note No. 2 ?, 1960, Road Research Laboratory, Harmondsworth, Middlesex. Grip values on wet roads of less than 4-5 SRT units indicate roads with a risk of skidding.

This object was surprisingly achieved by using a Marking on the basis of

A. a coating-forming binder,

B. inorganic and / or organic pigments and fillers,

C. Glass beads

provided traffic area, which is characterized in that the Additional marking of inorganic polycrystalline substances

1. a density of 2.20 to 4.30,

2. a Mohs hardness of at least 5 »

3 · a grain size of more than 0.01, preferably not more than 1 mm, and

4. Has embedded a degree of angularity greater than 1.0.

In a preferred embodiment, the marking contains the inorganic polycrystalline substances in a weight ratio to component B such as 1: 5 to 1: 2 and to the sum of components A and B such as 1 i 8 to 1: 3. In a further preferred embodiment, the Marking the inorganic polycrystalline substances in ^: Combination with glass beads in the weight ratio of inorganic polycrystalline substances to glass beads ».._ like 3 ' 1 to 1: 3 · ·

Such markings are advantageous as inorganic polycrystalline Substances contain crystalline figurations of silicon compounds. It is also advantageous if the marking as inorganic polycrystalline substances, metal carbides and / or non-metallic carbides, natural and / or synthetic

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Contains aluminum compounds.

In a preferred embodiment, the marking contains silicon dioxide modifications as inorganic polycrystalline substances of the cristobalite type. It is also particularly advantageous if the marking as component A is vinyl homopolymers and vinyl miscopolymers and contains, as inorganic polycrystalline substances, silicon dioxide modifications of cristobalite.

The invention also relates to a method for producing the with a marking on the basis of

A. binders forming a coating,

B. inorganic and / or organic pigments and fillers,

C. Glass beads

provided traffic area, which is characterized in that a marking compound is applied to the traffic area and hardened to form a marking that is also inorganic polycrystalline substances with

1. a density of 2.2 to 4.30,

2. a Mohs hardness of at least 5,

5. a grain size of more than 0.01, preferably not more than 1 mm, and

4. Has embedded a degree of angularity greater than 1.0.

"Traffic areas" are understood to mean all areas over which vehicles roll ₍ or which are used by pedestrians ". Roadways of streets, highways, taxiways, pavements, stairs or the like) can be made of concrete, ceramic, artificial stone or natural stone , Plastics, foamed materials, wood, metal, asphalt, raw materials are made.

"Markings" are understood to mean all coatings or coverings that are applied to the traffic areas in the form of characters, ' ^v · bars or in any other form. The markings can be produced by curing a liquid marking compound or by sticking foils. The markings are usually white or yellow. Other colors are also possible.

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The markings according to the invention are distinguished by both good abrasion resistance as well as excellent grip, so that they can withstand the stresses of rolling Resist traffic over a long period of time. This makes these markings more efficient, because those with them Traffic areas marked with markings only need to be repaired at greater intervals than before.

As component A, the marking contains a binding agent which forms a coating. All common binders are suitable for this, derived from natural or synthetic resins. Polycondensates such as alkyd resins, curable aminoaldehyde resins, Phenolic resins, polyamides, polycarbonates, saturated and unsaturated polyesters, polyesterimides or polyheterocycles be used. Polymers are also suitable, e.g. acrylic and methacrylic polymers, polyether resins, polysulphides, Polydienes, polyolefins, polystyrene, polyvinyl esters, polyvinyl acetals, polyvinyl chlorides, polyvinylidene chlorides, and more Chlorinated rubber, cyclo rubber and other synthetic rubber-like polymers. also chlorinated polyolefins.

Polyadducts such as epoxy compounds, polyurethanes, Maleic resins and maleic oils are suitable binders.

The binders can be used individually or as a mixture of several be used. You can also use silicone resins, " Cellulose derivatives, rubber, natural resins, modified oils and Pette, shellac and polymerizing ^ monomers, such as Acrylic or methacrylic acid esters, styrene, vinyl toluene, divinylbenzene contain.

The marking contains inorganic and / or organic pigments and fillers as component B. They are usually suitable Used, e.g. (titanium dioxide, zinc sulfide, lithopone, chromium compounds of lead and zinc, iron oxide pigments, Perxaan yellow, Heliofast yellow, barium sulfate, barite, calcium sulfate, Magnesium silicates, biatomaceous earth, kieselguhr, chalk, Quartz flour, pumice flour.

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The marking contains glass spheres or glass beads as component C. same or different diameter, usually the diameter is between 50 and 600 microns.

The marking according to the invention additionally contains inorganic polycrystalline substances. Under "polycrystalline" are in the frame this application understood high molecular weight crystal structures whose crystal symmetry is tetragonal, monoclinic, trigonal, hexagonal. can be cubic or rhombic. The inorganic polycrystalline substances used according to the invention are beyond doubt characterized by a set of characteristics to which the inorganic polycrystalline substance must correspond. Such inorganic polycrystalline substances that are missing even a single one of these characteristic features not to the substances used according to the invention. The polycrystalline substances used according to the invention are required to that they have a density between 2.20 and 4.30, also a. Have a Mohs hardness of at least 5. Of special The grain size, which is more than 0.01, but preferably not more than 1 mm, is important for good grip target. A preferred range for thin-film markings is between 0.2 and 0.7 mm. In thick film markings in generally have a layer thickness of more than 1.5 mm, grain sizes with a grain size of over 1 mm can also be present be. The grains can have any non-round, broken shape. They can be angular, polygonal, pointed or be sharp-edged, such as those produced by crushing in crushers, rolling mills, ball or centrifugal mills or other suitable ones Shredding units are obtained. However, the grain shape must have a degree of angularity of more than 1.0. Of the The degree of angularity is defined as the quotient of the measured specific surface in cm / gr. through the theoretical specific surface in cm / gr., from the sieve analysis ^ - is calculated on the assumption that all the grains are spherical.

Inorganic polycrystalline substances of the type mentioned above are preferably silicon dioxide modifications, such as Stischowite, coesite, alpha-quartz, ß-quartz, alpha-cristobalite, ß-cristobalite, alpha-dridymite, ß-tridymite. You can

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be present individually or in mixtures. Also other inorganic polycrystalline substances which meet the above conditions of the Meet hardness, density, grain size and the degree of angularity, are applicable. These include, for example, natural silicates, molten aluminum oxides, natural types of emery, Carbides of boron, tungsten or silicon.

The inorganic polycrystalline substances can be of natural origin or manufactured synthetically. Preferably, and particularly suitable as additional polycrystalline inorganic material in the S i nne of the invention is obtained beta-cristobalite, -the at temperatures above 1100 ° C and at normal pressure of quartz rock or of quartz sand. It delivers the best grip values: The traffic area provided with the marking is produced by applying a marking compound to the traffic area and hardening it. The marking compound contains components A and B and some solvents in which component B is soluble. The marking compounds are usually used in liquid or paste form. They are produced by known methods using the dispersing devices customary in the paint industry, such as stirrers and dissolvers, the inorganic polycrystalline substances being stirred in after the customary dispersing process. Glass beads can then also be added to the marking compounds.

Applying the marking compound to the one to be marked. Traffic area is expediently done with the application of common tools and machines for road marking paints. The hardening is usually done by air " drying or by chemical reaction when using multi-component materials or by cooling with Heating applied thermoplastic marking compounds. In a preferred mode of operation, the procedure is such that during • or after applying the marking compound, the glass beads and / or inorganic polycrystalline substances on or in the Marking layer, if necessary with additional force, sprinkled or shot.

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The markings produced by the method according to the invention are suitable for markings of roadways for Marking of pedestrian crossings and, in general, everywhere where a traffic area with a high-quality coating with high grip is to be provided. Depending on the type of binder used markings for many areas of application.

Sometimes it is useful to modify the method for producing the marking so that the marking compound before Applying to the traffic area is heated to a temperature above normal temperature and with appropriate Machines such a heated marking compound is applied to the traffic area to be marked.

An exemplary embodiment of a traffic area provided with a marking is shown in the drawing.

FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a traffic area provided with markings (road surface);

FIG. 2 shows a vertical cross section through the traffic area provided with a marking along the line 1-1 of Figure 1.

In Figure 1, a road surface (2) is shown as a traffic area, on which markings (3) are arranged. In Figure 2 is a vertical section through the marked ^ --- provided roadway along the line 1-1 of Figure 1 shown. With 2 the road is shown schematically on which the marker 3 is arranged. The glass beads embedded in the marking, some of which emerge from the surface protrude from the marking 3 are marked with a 4-.

3098A6 / 0223 "" 9 ..-

222Ί769

The inorganic polycrystalline substances (5) are also embedded in the marking 3. You are between the glass beads and also partially protrude from the marking 3. The inorganic polycrystalline substances (5) have a polygonal shape.

The method of making the tagged Traffic areas are explained in the following examples. Parts are parts by weight and percentages are percentages by weight. '. .

example 1

Using a conventional application machine, road markings are produced on a motorway by applying a Marking mass of the composition:

12.8 parts of a commercially available copolymer from

Vinyl chloride and vinyl isobutyl ether (Vinoflex MP 4oo the BASP, Ludwigshafen), -.

2.2 parts of chlorinated diphenyl,

0.5 parts of dioctyl adipate,

2.5 parts of cyclohexanone resin,
12, o parts of toluene,

6, o parts acetone,

9, o parts of ethyl acetate

0.5 parts soy lecithin, ■ ~ T ~

0.3 parts silica airgel (Aerosil from Degussa), 4.o parts silica, wind-sifted, ll, o parts of titanium dioxide rutile,

8, o parts of chalk, felled, ...

2o, o parts quartz powder, grain size less than 8o microns, "'" ·· 12.3 parts of barium sulfate are precipitated

A wet film with a thickness of 600 microns is applied to the existing mastic asphalt roadway Air drying gives a 4-50 micron mark. The markings can already be seen when drying at 2oC be run over after 20 minutes. There were the following

309846/0223

'■■ "■" "■■■■ · ■ - Io -

Measured grip values:

Before the traffic load 42 SRT units,

After 4 months 32 SRT units on the

Marking area and 37 SRT units at the edge of the marking area

Example 2

Exactly as in example Λ , the marking compound given there was applied. After application a mixture was made

2 parts glass beads with a diameter of I00-600 microns and

1 part of cristobalite with a grain size between 0.1 and 0.3 mm is sprinkled on immediately after the marking has been applied.
The grip values were before

before the traffic load 5o SRT units, after a 4-month traffic load between 42 and 44 SRT units.

This example shows that the addition of cristobalite and glass beads gives the marking a sufficient initial grip. In the course of traffic However, the top layer, in which the scattered glass beads and the cristobalite are located, is rubbed off. Through this if the grip drops below the permissible value of 45 SRT units, as also in Comparative Example 1, the "- .. not the grip means provided according to the invention contains, is present.

BeisOJel 3

There is a marking on a highway with a concrete surface applied from a marking compound of the composition:

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12.8 ropes of a commercially available copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl isobutyl ether, 2.2 parts of chlorinated diphenyl,
0.5 parts of dioctyl adipate, 2.5 parts of cyclohexanone resin,
"l2, o parts of toluene,
6, o parts acetone,
9, o parts of ethyl acetate, '
p, 5 parts soy lecithin,

0.3 parts silica airgel - (Aerosil), 4.o parts silica, wind-sifted, ll, o parts of titanium dioxide rutile,

8, o parts of chalk felled,

Lo.0 parts of quartz powder, grain size less than 80 microns, 12.3 parts of barium sulfate precipitated
lo, o parts of cristobalite with the following grain size:

17 % grain size between 0.1 and 0.2 mm, 70% 0.2 to 0.3 mm,

13%. 0.315 mm

The marking dried in the air at 20 ° C and could be driven over after 20 minutes. The grip value before traffic was 4-9 SRT units after 4 months Traffic load on the highway, the grip value in the middle of the marking was 4-7 SHT units and on Edge of mark 54 · SRT units.

Example 4-

As described in Example 3, the marking compound according to Example 3 was applied to the roadway. Direct after application, as described in Example 2, Mix 2 parts of glass beads with a diameter of 100 to 600 microns

1 part cristobalite with the grain size as shown in example 3 is indicated, interspersed in the marking. The drying took place at 20 ° C and the marking was after 20 minutes can be driven over. The grip value before traffic exposure

309846/0223 -._ ₁₂ _

was 50 SRT units. Each 4 I'ionaten traffic load was a grip value of 47 SRT units up to 5 ^ Eat SRT units.

The crisobalite used in this example had one Degree of angularity of 1.8.

Example 5

A road marking was made on a highway with a concrete pavement applied from a marking compound of the following composition :

17.5 parts copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl isobutyl ether,

3.0 parts of chlorinated diphenyl, 0.5 parts of adipic acid dioctyl phthalate,

3.5 parts of cyclohexanone resin, 11.1 parts of toluene,

6, o parts of acetone, 12, o parts of ethyl acetate, o, 6 parts of soy lecithin, o, 3 parts silica airgel, 4, ο parts silica, wind-sifted, 3, o parts titanium dioxide rutile, 7, o parts titanium dioxide anatase, 7, o parts quars flour with a grain size of less than 8o Kikron,

13.0 parts cristobalite with a grain size corresponding to the

Details in example 3, degree of angularity 1.8,

17.1 parts of glass beads, 100-150 microns in diameter.

The grip value before traffic was 65 SRT units, after 4 months of traffic exposure, 58-59 SRT "units were measured.

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309846/0223

BeisOJel 6

The procedure was as in Example 5 and immediately after the marking compound has been applied to the roadway a mixture of

5 parts glass beads I00-600 microns in diameter and 1 part of the cristobalite used in Example 5 sprinkled on the marking. The grip values corresponded the values of example 5

Example 7

The procedure was as in Example 5, but with the difference that immediately after the marking compound had been applied further cristobalite was sprinkled on the marking. The grip values before and after traffic loads corresponded to the values of example 5

Example 8

A yellow lane marking was produced by up- ' apply a marking compound of the following composition a highway with a concrete surface:

17.5 parts of a commercially available copolymer Vinyl chloride and vinyl isobutyl ether,

5, o parts of chlorinated diphenyl,

0.5 parts of adipic acid dioctyl ester,

3.5 parts of cyclohexanone resin,
ll, o parts of toluene,

6.0 parts acetone,
12, o parts of ethyl acetate,

0.5 parts soy lecithin, ''

o, 3 parts silica airgel,

4, o parts of silica, wind-sighted,

8.0 Tc-ilo chrome yellow,
12, o parts quartz flour less than 80 microns fineness,

10.0 parts cristobalite with grain size and degree of angularity as in

Example 5 given,

17.1 parts of glass beads, 100-150 microns in diameter.

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bar

At 20 ° C, the marking was above its grip values after 20 minutes before traffic exposure was 50 ^ - ^ 'units, after 4 months of traffic exposure, MQ SßT units were measured.

309846/0223

Claims (1)

4Γ. 2221768 Pat on claims 1. J With a mark based on - A. a "coating-forming binder. 3. inorganic and / or organic pigments ur_d> älls-bof fen,. ' C. Glass beads provided traffic area, characterized in that the Additional marking of inorganic polycrystalline substances with " .. " 1. a density of 2.20 to 4.30, 2. a Mohs hardness of at least 5 3 x a grain size of more than 0.1 oil, preferably not more than 1 mm, and 4. Contains an embedded degree of siltiness greater than 1.0. 2. Provided with a marking traffic area according to claim, characterized in that the marking is the inorganic polycrystalline substances in a weight ratio to Component B as 1: 5 "to 1: 2 and for the sum of components A and B as 1: 8 to 1: 3. 3. Traffic area provided with a marking according to the claims 1 and 2, _ characterized in that the marking the inorganic polycrystalline substances in combination with Glass beads in a weight ratio of inorganic polycrystalline substances to glass beads such as 3: 1 to 1: 3. 4 .. With. a traffic area provided with a marking according to the claims 1 to 3j, characterized in that the marking has crystalline configurations as inorganic polycrystalline substances of silicon compounds contains. 5. Traffic area provided with a marking according to the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the marking as inorganic polycrystalline substances metal carbides and / or alumina metal carbides, natural and / or synthetic Contains aluminum compounds. - 2 309846/0223 6. Traffic area provided with a marking according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the marking contains, as inorganic polycrystalline substances, Siliciuiadiozid-modifications from ÜJyp of cristobalite. 7. Traffic area provided with a marking according to the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the marking as component A is vinyl homopolymers and / or vinyl copolymers and, as inorganic polycrystalline substances, silicon dioxide modifications of cristobalite. 8. Process for the preparation of the with a marking on the basis of A. binders forming a coating, B. inorganic and / or organic pigments and fillers, C. Glass beads provided traffic area according to claims 1 to 7 »thereby characterized in that a marking compound is applied to the traffic area and hardened to form a marking, the additional inorganic polycrystalline substances with '·. 1. a density of 2.20 to 4.30, 2. a Mohs hardness of at least 5? 3. a grain size of more than 0.01, preferably not more than · 1 mm, and 4. a degree of angularity greater than 1.0 contains embedded. 9. The method according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that that a marking compound is applied to the traffic area, the inorganic polycrystalline substances in a weight ratio for component B as 1: 5 to 1: 2 and "for the sum of components A and B as 1: 8 to 1: 3. 10. The method according to claims 1 to 9 _}, characterized in that a marking wet is applied to the traffic area, the inorganic polycrystalline substances in combination 309846/0223 with glass beads in a weight ratio of inorganic polycrystalline substances to glass beads such as 3: 1 to 1: 3. 11. The method according to claims 1 valley IQ, characterized that a marker is applied to the traffic area, as inorganic polycrystalline substances Contains figurations of silicon compounds. 12. The method according to claims 1 to 11, characterized in that that he. applies a marking compound to the traffic area, which is an inorganic polycrystalline Substances metal carbides and / or Mchtmetallcarbide, natural and / or contains synthetic aluminum compounds. 13. The method according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that · draws that a marking compound is applied to the traffic area, the a] s inorganic polycrystalline substances Silica modifications of the oristobalite type contains. 14. The method according to claims 1 to 13 »- characterized in that that a marking compound is applied to the traffic area. "} which is used as component A vinyl homo- and / or Vinyl copolymers and as inorganic polycrystalline Substances Silicon diacide modifications of cristobalite contains. 15. Process according to claims 1 to 14, characterized in that that the glass beads after applying a marking compound on the basis of A. binders forming a coating, B. inorganic and / or organic pigments and pulp "· fabrics'. sprinkled on the traffic area and before hardening to the marking on the marking layer. '. ■ . - 4 - 309846/0223 16. The method according to claims 1 to 14, characterized in that that you get a mixture of glass beads and inorganic polycrystalline substances after the application a marker on the basis of A. binders forming a coating, B. inorganic and / or organic pigments and fillers sprinkled on the traffic area and before hardening on the marking layer. 17. The method according to claims 1 to 16, characterized in that that the inorganic polycrystalline substances after applying a marking compound on the Traffic area and sprinkled on the marking layer before hardening. 309846/0223