DE2216868A1 - Flat, load-bearing component - Google Patents

Description

Flat, load-bearing component

The invention relates to a planar, load-bearing component, that is suitable for supporting loads and for absorbing loads and tension and e.g. as Floor, as a bridge, as a platform, pendant or the like. can be used.

It is the object of the invention to design such a flat, load-bearing component so that it consists essentially of sheet or sheet-like materials can be produced cheaply, even if they are of inferior quality, and yet are strong Reliably withstands loads without major deflections to succumb.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by a system of ribs or webs extending in the longitudinal direction made of sheet material and of hollow, bowl-shaped Elements made of sheet material which are connected to one another along overlapping surfaces to form a composite, integral construction to form which

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the combined properties of a truss and a prestressed one Area system united.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, an elongated rib of sheet material is provided that is converted into a V-shape along a longitudinal center line. Block-like, shell-shaped elements, which are also made of consist of sheet or tabular material and have the shape of hollow pyramids are along the length extending rib, the overlapping surfaces of the rib and the sdalen-shaped elements with each other are firmly connected. This results in a composite construction which has the properties of a number of interrelated connected triangular truss units shows, which shows a rigidity and stability that is typical of such triangular composite construction is.

The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of schematic drawings using several examples.

Fig. 1 shows a perspective, partially cut-away view of a bridge which is designed according to the invention.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the bridge of Figure 1 showing the internal structure of the underside of the bridge.

Figure 3 is a cross-section through the bridge taken along section line 3-3 of Figure 1, the section being taken in the direction of the ffvile.

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Pig. 4 shows a longitudinal section along an enlarged scale the section line 4-4 of FIG. 3.

Fig. 5 shows an enlarged partial section in the longitudinal direction along section line 5-5 of FIG. 3.

6 is a perspective view, on an enlarged scale and partially in section, of a group of pyramidal ones Elements which are in accordance with the preferred Embodiments of the invention in the in opposite Directional channels are embedded, which are formed by a plurality of longitudinally extending ribs.

Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the mutual adaptation of layers of sheet material to form the longitudinal rib according to the invention.

Fig. 8 shows an enlarged perspective view of a single pyramidal element according to the invention.

Fig. 9 illustrates on an enlarged scale in perspective Exploded view of two leaf-shaped sections, each of which is converted into a semi-pyramidal shape are and together an end closure member for the opposite, longitudinal ends of each upright row of pyramids form.

Fig. 10 shows in an enlarged perspective view an end closure element for the opposite ends of each

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Row of inverted pyramids.

11 shows an enlarged perspective view transverse rib element, which in a preferred embodiment the invention finds use.

Pig. 12 is a perspective view of a pyramidal shape Closure member for closing the open ends of the pyramid-shaped elements according to one embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 13 is an exploded perspective view a section of a structural element according to FIGS. 1 and 2 and illustrates the mutual relationship between the longitudinal ribs, the upright and inverted pyramids and the end closure elements according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of the arrangement according to FIG. 13 and additionally shows in an exploded form the upright and inverted transverse ribs, the pyramidal closure elements, and the covers according to one embodiment according to the invention.

15 is an enlarged partial view in longitudinal section of a bridge made in accordance with the invention, the internal construction of a preferred embodiment shown is while

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Pig. 16 on an enlarged scale and partial cross-section the Arrangement 15 reproduces.

According to the preferred embodiment, several V-shaped elements are connected side by side to form a string, To serve as a flat construction element for use as a floor, bridge, platform, pendant or the like. A flat cover sheet overlays and is attached to the top of the row of building elements and serves to hold the assembled, To make the entire unit even more rigid and, in the case of a bridge, as a base for the flat roadbed to serve.

In its basic form, the subject matter of the invention comprises an essentially V-shaped, elongated rib element, which has a core in its interior, which consists of a chain of hollow, preferably pyramidal shells. A multitude of such V-shaped, elongated rib elements can be provided in a compact arrangement side by side to provide a uniform To form a construction, e.g. a floor, a bridge element, a platform, a roof or a pendant.

The pyramidal elements can be elongated into the V-shaped Element be used so that the relatively wide surface areas of two opposing walls each Pyramid element the corresponding surface areas of the V-shaped element superimposed, wherein the overlapping surface areas with one another substantially over the entire Contact area are firmly connected. It is noted that

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pyramidal elements not only have relatively large surface areas in terms of volume, but that according to the preferred embodiment of the invention the total surface areas the four triangular faces of each pyramid element are in a superimposed position with other elements of the structural unit and are firmly connected to them. So it is provided that the first two, opposite, triangular faces of each pyramidal element Over substantially the entire surface of the corresponding surface areas of the longitudinal ribs cover and firmly are connected to these, while the other two opposite, triangular surfaces of each pyramid element substantially over its entire surface with one of two flat, triangular-shaped surfaces of two transverse rib elements are in overlap and are firmly connected to it. It can be seen that frusto-pyramidal closure elements also with their entire surface corresponding areas of the pyramid elements on the one hand and a cover element on the other cover and are firmly connected to these.

In Fig. 1, a bridge B is shown, which an elongated Has rib element 10, a plurality of pyramid elements 20, and a cover element 70. It can be seen that the bridge B extends between correspondingly spaced support elements S1 and S2.

The entire structural element, for example the bridge B, is made according to the invention from sheet-shaped material, which is shown in FIG folded and glued together in a predetermined manner or in other

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rer way is connected, namely along relatively large, overlapping surface areas. Preferably the sheet-like Material from which the component is made, from paper or cardboard. The connections between the elements which Form the structural system according to the invention, by gluing or the like. of superimposed surfaces made of leaf-shaped elements. In this way, the constructive system according to the invention consists of a system of Geonetrically folded components, which according to the preferred embodiment of the invention on the overlapping Surfaces are firmly glued together or otherwise connected.

The structural system according to the invention consists essentially of two basic elements. Each of these basic elements is made of a sheet-like material, in particular of laminated material Paper or made of laminated cardboard, i.e. materials that are commonly used for packing heavy objects are. However, other materials can also be used, for example sheet metal, aluminum, plastic, and elements made of steel wire mesh or the like. with sprayed concrete or mortar. The first element is a rib-shaped element 10 according to FIG. 13, which is formed from a system of folded plates which are formed by laminating several in the longitudinal direction folded layers 12a, 12b, 12c and the like. According to FIG. 7 consist of paper. The longitudinal rib unit made in this way is formed, comprises at least two integrally connected, elongated, folded plates 11, which extend at a distance

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have fende portions 11a and 11b, which in turn between limit an elongated channel 13. In a construction system such as Bridge B, a plurality of these are folded Elements 12 fixed to one another in the transverse direction (connected, as 7 shows this. They thus form a substantially sawtooth-shaped Profile seen in a cross-sectional plane. The engaging elements form the longitudinal rib element, the extends in the longitudinal direction of the bridge.

The second basic element of the construction system is a hollow, shell-shaped element made of a sheet-shaped material, preferably in the form of a pyramid 20 according to FIG. 8. A plurality of these pyramids 20 in an inverted position, or 20 'in an upright position Position are arranged between the folded plates 11 at the top and the bottom side of the first element 10 and in the associated channels 13 and 13 'formed by the first element are nested. The pyramids 20, 20 'are in In the longitudinal direction along the various elongated channels 13, 13, 13 'distributed and arranged. Thereby two lie each other opposing surface areas 21a and 21b of each pyramid in overlap with the surface areas arranged at a distance 11a, 11b of the associated channels 13, 13 '. The fold lines of the longitudinal ribs alternately form ridges 14 and depressions 14 ', which are each arranged in two spaced parallel planes, which in turn form the limits of the construction system. The hollow, bowl-shaped pyramids 20 and 20 ' are open in the area of the base and are arranged side by side in the associated elongated channels 13, 13 ', and

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in such a way that preferably the base of each pyramid 20 in the one and the base of each pyramid 20 'in the other of the said parallel planes comes to lie. This leads to the fact that the pyramids 20 in an upwardly open channel 13 and the pyramids 20 'arranged in a downwardly open channel 13 and rotated by 180 ° with respect to the pyramids 20 are. Preferably, the pyramids 20 and 20 'are in two adjacent, upwardly and downwardly open channels 13 »13' with respect to one another like this Pig. 6 shows. The offset is made such that the tips of the pyramids 20 substantially in the area of the contact line between the adjacent base edges of adjacent pyramid elements 20 ', which abut on opposite sides of the plate element 11 which separates the channels 13 and 13 '. The consequence of this is that the Tip 22 'of the upright pyramid 20' in one channel 13 ', preferably in the area of the base edge line 23a of the adjacent, inverted pyramid 20 is arranged, which lies in the adjacent channel 13. The same arrangement is for that further pyramid elements provided. The result is that the sloping edges of the offset, upright and inverted pyramids 20 'and 20 in the adjacent channel run colinearly with a very close approximation and thus work together, that they are effective like the struts of a timber building element.

It can be seen, although not shown here, that the pyramids 20 and 20 'in adjacent channels 13 and 13' are not must necessarily be offset from one another, but can also be arranged so that the tip of each pyramid 20 in the area the center of the base line 23 'of the adjacent, on-

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right pyramids 20 'on the opposite side of a plate element 11 lies.

The hollow, bowl-shaped pyramid elements 20, 20 'are thereby formed that a corresponding flat blank of the corresponding geometric shape of sheet material cut out and then folded along the corresponding fold lines 24 into the desired pyramid shape according to FIG. 8 will.

After the pyramids 20 are nested in the rib element 10, they are preferably provided with a third element, namely a transverse rib element 30 according to FIG. 11, firmly connected to one another.

The transverse rib elements 30 are preferably in the shape of a diamond Sheet 31 which is folded along the short axis 32. Each element 31 thus comprises two integral interconnected sheet sections 33 and 34, which serve to each adjacent pyramids 20 or 20 'in the associated Channels 13 or 13 'to connect to each other. After folding delimit the sections 33, 34 of the transverse rib elements between them second channels 35, which extend in the transverse direction in relation extend onto the channels 13, 13 'of the elongate rib member. One of the triangular, leaf-shaped sections, for example, the section 33 of the transverse rib element 30, is in overlap with a second surface section 25b after 14 of one of two longitudinally adjacent pyramids

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miden 20a, while the triangular blade section 34 of the transverse rib element 30 in overlap with an adjacent surface 25a of the pyramid adjacent in the longitudinal direction 20b is brought. The aforementioned triangular blade sections 33, 34 of the transverse rib element preferably correspond 30 substantially the shape of the second surface sections 25b, 25a of the pyramids and superimpose these surfaces and are with them firmly connected in order to firmly connect such pyramid elements together in close side-by-side arrangement. The cross rib elements 30 cooperate with the pyramid elements to continue to stiffen the longitudinal rib elements 10 and thus the to give the latter an even greater resistance to bending. Accordingly, this is a very reliable, developed a rigid construction system which can be manufactured in an economical manner and which is suitable, relatively effective to bridge large gaps or gaps.

As a result of the surface connection of all elements of the system described above, external loads are placed on the system act, distributed in all directions, so that stress concentrations in the directly loaded parts are eliminated will.

Connecting means 50, which are in the form of conventional adhesive elements or similar binders can be provided, which are suitable for the sheet materials selected, serve to around the individual hollow, shell-shaped elements, the transverse rib elements and erect the longitudinal rib elements and all

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to connect these elements integrally with each other and with the aforementioned overlying surface areas to form a composite, to form integral construction.

The preferred embodiment of the construction further comprises a plurality of closure members made of sheet material. A first group of these closure elements are the elements 60, which are preferably designed as truncated pyramids according to FIG are. Their shape is chosen so that they are received in the open base elements of the inverted pyramids 20 can. The elements 60 have side wall surfaces 60a, 60b, 60c and 6Od, which correspond to surface areas of the walls 25a, 25b, 25c and 25d of the pyramids 20 can be superimposed in which the closure elements are nested. The closure elements 60 also have a closed end wall 61, which forms a closure for the otherwise open base of the pyramids 20 forms. The closure surfaces 61 of all of the closure elements 60 are arranged substantially in the plane "x", i. in the upper of the two mentioned parallel planes "x" and "y", which delimit the rib element 10. Form together the end walls 61 have a substantially flat, continuous surface in the plane "x". The frusto-pyramidal closure elements 60 are, as shown in FIG. 12, preferably pre-folded and are under tension, so that with the inner surfaces the associated pyramid elements 20 are firmly and properly connected after nesting.

As an alternative to this embodiment, the pyramids 20 of course from the outset as a hollow, but fully

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permanently closed, i.e. also closed at the base. elements be trained.

To close the ends of each of the channels 13 '(in which the pyramids 20 'are preferably arranged offset with respect to the pyramids 20 in the adjacent channel 13 by means of distances, which half the length of a pyramid 20 ') are preferred hollow closure members 64 are provided as shown in Fig. 9, each of which is substantially one-half in size and shape corresponds to a pyramid element 20 *. In the preferred embodiment, pyramids 20 and 20 'are the same Size .. Each element is preferably formed from two glued together, folded sections 64a and 64b.

The opposite ends of each row of inverted pyramids 20 can, in accordance with the preferred embodiment of the invention can also be provided with end closure elements 63 as shown in FIG. The end closure elements are preferably in the form of a hollow, bowl-shaped element, which each have three triangular sides and one triangular open side. The tip of the middle side 63a is in line with the baseline of the remaining triangular Sides 63b and 63c The hollow members 63 form a flat end closure member 63a at the ends of each row of pyramid elements 20 distributed in the longitudinal direction.

The bridge B according to the preferred embodiment of the invention further includes a cover 70 for evenly transferring loads to the remaining elements of the structure.

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This cover, which is preferably also made of sheet material, is designed to be suitable is to withstand the concentrated wheel pressure of a motor vehicle such as a heavy truck. As noted before, the end walls 61 of the closure elements 60 form a flat, continued surface on the top of the structure, which is suitable, as shown at 51, to be connected in direct surface contact with the underside of the flat cover element 70.

In the preferred form, the cover member 70 comprises two laminated ones Layers 71 and 72 of sheet material and an intermediate layer 73 of a series of parallel cylindrical Tubes 74, which are also made from sheet material. These tubes are preferably in direct lateral contact and preferably extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the cover, around the two spaced apart flat ones Reinforcing layers 71, 72 of laminated sheet material, each on opposite sides of the tubular Intermediate layer arranged and firmly connected to the pipes.

The consequence of the described, extraordinary training is that the components of the construction system explained above 14 easily put together in place and joined together at the above-mentioned overlapping surface areas, can be firmly connected. The large areas available for connection lead to pronounced solid and reliable connections. The best in each case

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for the connection suitable adhesives or cements or the like. depend on the particular sheet material used in each case and are known to those skilled in the art. A heavy-duty one Construction system, e.g. a bridge, can thus be produced solely from sheet-like materials such as paper sheets will.

Preferably, each of the component parts, e.g., the pyramids 20, 20 ', the longitudinal rib elements 10, the transverse rib elements 50 and the shutter members 60 and 83 each made of individual stock sizes of sheet materials by placing them in the desired Cut to size, notch the paper along the desired fold lines and then the individual sheets of the scored paper can be laminated together in such a manner that, as shown in connection with the element 10 in FIG. 7, the sheets of paper are alternately arranged with their edges are that the joints do not overlap. From FIG. 13 it can be seen, for example, that the edges or interruption lines 26a and 27a of the adjacent layers 26, 27 of a pyramid element 20 on opposite edges of the pyramid are arranged and are not adjacent. This reinforces each area of the interruption of each individual leaf through an uninterrupted area of an adjacent sheet, so that the effect of these interruptions on the strength of the construction element remains small. Fold the pyramids into the desired shape and fill in the creases are filled with a filler material to create an even stronger connection along the fold lines.

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As used herein, the term "paper" is intended to encompass Sheet materials, putterboard, fiberboard and cardboard.

It is known that not only the P _e stigkeit and the stiffness properties of paper vary greatly under pressure or tensile stress, but the paper is also an anisotropic material which shows different properties along different axes. Accordingly, according to the preferred embodiment of the invention, benefits are drawn from the aforementioned special properties of paper with particular advantage. For example, the tensile strength of paper is almost twice as great in the direction of the grain orientation of the paper as in the transverse direction. In the preferred embodiment, all of the elements of the construction are folded and glued together flat and shaped to take full advantage of the aforesaid special properties of the paper. Thus, the rib webs 10 are designed so that the fiber or the grain of the paper extends in the longitudinal direction. The pyramids 20, 20 'are designed so that the paper grain extends in the circumferential direction, ie in the direction around the tip. The pyramid locking elements 60 are cut out and pre-folded so that they form prestressed elements, ie, spring-like inserts, for the base regions of the pyramids. After being coated with adhesive, the closure elements 60 are inserted into the open surfaces of the pyramids and pressed outwardly against the pyramid walls by the prestress, so that a reliable connection is ensured over the entire contact areas.

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Since the construction system according to the invention consists of hollow elements is assembled and since the hollow pyramid elements 20 are firmly connected to the inner surfaces of the longitudinal rib elements 10 the pyramidal elements are also subjected to the stresses exerted by those areas of the elongated rib elements must be included, to which the pyramids are firmly attached. It can also be seen that the inclined Corners, e.g. the corners 24 of each pyramid unit 20, 20 * from the top 22 to the base 23 act as truss elements, so that they form an integrated framework system together with the other inclined edges of the remaining pyramid units.

Each of the edges 24 of the pyramid elements thus form one

Inclined strut of a framework, so that the resulting construction is composed of a series of interconnected triangular truss units, each of which demonstrate the rigidity and stability inherent in such triangular constructions. The consequence of the planar connection of all elements of the construction consists in the fact that the external loads are distributed in all directions, so that to a large extent, the otherwise high stress concentrations in the directly loaded areas are greatly reduced.

As an example, a paper bridge is given, the width of which was about 3 m and the depth of about 1.20 m. This according to the invention The bridge produced had a length of about 9.50 m and could easily weigh the weight of a 5.5 t truck record that was driven over the bridge several times. During the stress test, it was found that the 5.5 t

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Truck the paper construction is only about 12 mm the free span of 9.5m sagged. The bridge itself weighed approximately 4 tons and was made entirely of paper and glue. The sheet-like material used to make the elements of the structure, e.g. for manufacture the pyramid elements, the longitudinal ribs, the transverse ribs and the cover, was an approximately 2.5 mm thick, solid fiber material, which consisted of four layers of # 90 Kraft paper laminated together. The various component elements of the construction were connected to one another along the overlapping surfaces in the manner described and formed laminated sections. For example, section E according to FIG. 15 was approximately 10 mm and section F according to FIG. 15 was approximately 15 mm thick. After unification, these elements formed a prestressed surface structure, which looks like an orthotropic one Bridge stopped. The sheets 12a, 12b, 12c, and the like, as well as the sheets 26a, 27a, etc., each had a thickness of about 2.5 mm as described above.

The cover 70 according to FIGS. 15 and 16 was made of parallel, formed closely spaced, cylindrical paper tubes 74, which also consisted of laminated paper sheets. As an an example The tubes 74 had a wall thickness of approximately 12 mm and an inside diameter of approximately 7.5 cm. The pipes were nested between two spaced flat layers 71 and 72 of laminated paper sheets 1.

While the cover 70 with a core of cylindrical paper tubes 74 between flat layers of sheet material

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71, it can be seen that other cover layers may be provided. For example, a top layer be provided with a sawtooth-shaped, laminated core, such as this is not shown. This layer can be constructed similarly to the rib layer 10 running in the longitudinal direction, which is described above with reference to FIG. 3 and which are arranged between two laminated sheet layers 71. One of those too Arrangement can produce satisfactory results.

The pyramid units of the above-described, practically executed Bridges were each approximately 45 cm high and had a rectangular, open base with a length of about 1.22m (measured in the longitudinal direction of the Eippenslementes 10) and a width of approximately 61 cm (measured transversely to the longitudinal direction of the rib element 10).

The pyramids 20 and 20 'are distributed in the longitudinal direction, wherein the base edges in each case lie close to one another in the respective elongated channels 13, 13 '. The apex angles of two opposing side walls 21a and 21b of the pyramid elements 20 is preferably selected so that it corresponds to the apex angle corresponds to that between the plates 11a and 11b of the longitudinal ribs 10 prevails. The sheet material used in the manufacture of the invention is preferably paper »Es however, another sheet material can also be used, e.g. sheet steel, aluminum sheet, Sheets of fiberglass, as well as other structural plastic sheets or the like. be used.

It can be seen that the construction according to the invention is such that the component parts of the construction are lightweight

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and can be manufactured, transported and assembled cheaply.

It can be seen that the construction described above has video applications in addition to being used as a support beam or bridge element. For example, a construction according to the present invention can also be used to advantage in cases where buoyancy is desired will. So it is possible by using water-resistant Material or a water-resistant coating layer over water-permeable material Construction can be made according to the invention, which can be used, for example, as a Fendant bridge element. By using additional closure elements similar to the elements 60, the closing of the open ends of the floor pyramids 20 'is possible, so that a completely closed cell-shaped Konatruktlonselement is obtained. Lie completely closed and air-filled pyramid elements and the spaces enclosed between them lead to a buoyant one Construction.

It is also evident that a reassembled construction unit ^ em according to the invention, which atBpielaweiüo auu langgeatreck th rib elements and pyramid-shaped elements Leht, who fell in the weiae in dom lunggeatreck Element distributed and connected with it, alch extraordinary offers cheap as a construction element. A solehea construction element, can atapielaweiue auu a single V-shaped Rib elements 11a and 11b and several in the longitudinal direction

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distributed pyramids 20 in the channel 13 exist. One such Composite building element can span relatively large spaces without an intermediate support. The construction system according to the invention combines the structural properties of a skeletal frame system with those of a prestressed Surface system. The new construction system according to the invention thus has an unusual ratio of strength to weight, due to the internal continuous braced skin or surface construction and due to the fact that the pyramid elements have a large ratio of surface area per volume unit and are therefore to be counted among the most stable of all polyhedra.

It can be seen that the invention improved support or loading elements for bridges, for roof structures or the like. supplies, which consists of uniformly formed from sheet material elements that combine with each other in a special way are to form a support structure of relatively light weight and high strength.

It can also be seen that in cases where sheet materials other than paper are used, for example Plastic or thin steel sheets or aluminum are the means of integrally connecting the sheet-like elements to the overlapping surface areas may include other connecting elements than described, e.g. spot welding, soldering, Riveting, heat sealing or other fastening or connecting means, which allow a two-dimensional connection between the flat surfaces of the geometric shapes, which by

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the folded sheets of material are formed. Instead of Of pyramid elements, other hollow, closed geometric elements can also be used, provided they have flat surfaces have which are suitable for a planar connection in the manner described above.

By increasing the thickness of the sheet materials or the number of sheets in each layer and / or by increasing the number the pyramid elements in a given channel can further increase the strength of the assembled structure.

Expectations

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Claims (23)

Expectations \ j) Construction or building element, characterized by elongated ribs (10) aue sheet-shaped material, which have at least two elongated and mutually spaced sections (11a, 11b) which delimit an elongated channel (13) between them, by a plurality of hollow, cup-shaped elements (20) of sheet-like material, which are juxtaposed side by side and distributed in the longitudinal direction along the channel, each hollow, Achulen-shaped element having two opposing surface areas (21a, 21b) in superimposition with corresponding areas of the spaced apart Have surfaces (11a, 11b), as well as by means (50), which connect the hollow shell to the elongated rib elements at the above-mentioned, superimposed areas integrally to form a cohesive, uniform construction. 2. Konatruktionselement according to Anaprueh 1, characterized in that the sheet-like material iat paper and that the connecting means comprises an adhesive for producing the adhesion between the respective superimposed surface areas. 3. Konatruktionaelement according to claims 1 or 2 "tfekennzeichne t, that the hollow, sohalen-shaped elements each have a second pair of ^ I opposite Fliiohenbereiohen (? Bn, 2 ^> b) between the two first grouted surfaces and connecting elements (30) are provided are ₉ 203843 / η781 each of which is one of the intermediate surface sections of the one cup-shaped element with the adjacent intermediate surface portion of the next adjacent shell element integrally connects in the same channel. 4. Construction element according to claim 3, characterized in that g e k e η nzeichne t that the connecting means (30) comprises a transverse rib member of sheet material, the two integral with each other connected leaf-shaped portions (33, 34) each arranged in said channel and between delimit a second channel (35) which extends transversely with respect to the first channel (13), the one surface section of the connecting element (30) in overlap with the an intermediate surface portion of a shell-shaped element and the other surface portion in overlap with the one Intermediate surface of the adjacent shell element are arranged. 5. Construction element according to claim 4, characterized in that the hollow shell elements (20, 20 ') and those running in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction Rib members (10, 30) each consist of a plurality of laminated sheets of paper. 6. Construction element according to claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the channels (13 and 35) each have a V-shaped cross-section and that the hollow elements (20, 20) are made of sheet material in the shape of a pyramid are trained. 209843/0781 7. Construction element according to claim 6, characterized in that the apex angle of the first V-shaped channel (13) essentially identical to the tip angle (22), which by the two mutually spaced surface areas (21a, 21b) of each pyramid-shaped, hollow member is formed and that the hollow members are nested with a tight fit in the channel. 8. Structural element according to any one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the first elongate blade portions are substantially planar and each of these blade portions has a first and a spaced-apart second elongate edge portion (13, 14) and that all of the edge portions extend substantially parallel to one another, with adjacent sheet-shaped sections being connected to one another along the second sections and wherein the first edge sections each define a common, predetermined plane, while the second sheet-shaped sections are connected to one another along the fold line which lies substantially in the predetermined plane . 9. Construction element according to claim 8, characterized in that the connected second, sheet-shaped Sections are each arranged on opposite sides of a plane and are inclined to this, which is perpendicular runs to each of the first two sheet sections and contains the fold line. 209843/0781 10. Construction element according to claims 8 or 9, characterized in that the hollow, pyramidal Elements at the base (23) are open and made of folded flat sheet material and in the first elongated channel (13) are arranged so that the base portions are substantially in the predetermined plane. 11. Structural element according to any one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the connecting means comprise adhesive means to secure the hollow elements (20, 20 ¹ ), the elongated rib elements (10) and the transverse rib elements (30) to each other at the respective overlapping surface areas connect to. 12. Construction element according to claim 3, characterized in that the hollow elements are pyramidal are formed and have four side surfaces, wherein opposite, first side surfaces with the surface sections the longitudinal ribs and the other two opposing intermediate surfaces with the connecting elements (30) are connected and the faces are open, rectangular Limit the base area, the pyramid-shaped elements side by side in the elongated channel (13) of the longitudinal rib element are arranged and adjacent, transverse base edge regions of adjacent pyramidal elements are arranged in close mutual proximity. 13. Construction element according to claim 12, characterized in that the transverse rib elements (30) 209843/0781 -27- 2216863 Have surface sections, each of which is adjacent between " superimpose surface sections of two adjacent pyramid elements, namely in the area of the transverse base edges lying in close proximity to one another. 14. Structural element according to any one of claims 4 to 13, characterized in that the first and second leaf-shaped sections and the hollow, cup-shaped Elements each made of laminated sheet material are. 15. Construction element according to claim 1, characterized in that the elongated rib elements (10) comprise a substantially elongated, rectangular-shaped sheet of material extending along substantially one Longitudinal centerline is folded around the first two sheet sections to form, which are inclined towards each other. 16. Construction element according to claim 4, characterized in that the transverse rib element (30) is a Has diamond-shaped sheet material, which along the shorter Diagonal (32) is folded to form the two second sheet sections, each of which is triangular in shape and run inclined to each other. 17. Construction element according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a elongated rib element (10) made of sheet material, several hollow, cup-shaped elements (20, 20 ') and several 2098A3 / 0781 transverse rib elements (30) are provided and the rib elements extending in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction as well as the hollow, bowl-shaped elements according to the preceding Claims are formed and that means (50) are provided to the hollow, shell-shaped elements with the Transverse rib elements and the longitudinal rib elements on the respective superimposed surface areas to form a composite, but to connect firmly to a uniform construction. 18. Bridge element for bridging a distance between two mutually spaced support elements, characterized by a plurality of construction elements according to claim 17, wherein the hollow elements (20, 20 ') have a closed, flat base portion (60), which lie essentially in a common plane, and in the case of which planar cover means (70) made of sheet material are provided which cover the closed flat base areas of the hollow elements /. 19. Bridge element according to claim 1Θ, characterized in that the elements are made of paper sheets are. 20. Bridge element according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the cover device has two outer, spaced layers (71, 72) of laminated paper and an intermediate layer (73) of transversely oriented, hollow paper elements (74), the side by side substantially along the entire length of the covering 209843/0781 ches are arranged and firmly connected to the outer layers. 21. Bridge element according to claim 20, characterized in that the intermediate layer (73) consists of tubes Paper is made. 22. Bridge according to claim 18 or 19, characterized ge k e η η ζ e i without t that the cover, the longitudinal rib element, the hollow shell elements each made of laminated paper sheets exist. 23. Bridge according to claim 18, characterized in that that the longitudinal rib elements (10) and the hollow elements (20, 20 ') each made of laminated Sheet material consist, with successive sheet layers of the material have interruption areas which are opposite to interruption areas of the other layers of the sheet-like Materials are offset. _{p / s} 209843/0781