DE2204599A1 - LUBRICANTS AND THEIR USE - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a metalworking lubricant of the water emulsifiable type Lubricant heard. In particular, the invention relates to a highly effective cooling lubricant that can be used in the cold rolling of metals, especially aluminum.

When machining metals such as copper, brass, aluminum or similar metals with the formation of plates, strips, sheets or foils the metal is subjected to a rolling process in which the metal is passed through a rolling mill in order to press it into the appropriate shape. The rolling mills, which are used for this purpose consist of parallel pairs of chilled, cylindrical rollers, where the two rollers of a pair rotate in opposite directions. The gaps between the pairs of rollers

Dr.IM.-mer

January 20, 1972 27 * 164

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are adjusted so that on the metal rod that pass between the roller pairs, high pressures be exercised. This rolling process results in the thickness of the metal pieces through plastic compression and linear expansion of the metal pieces is reduced. In the so-called cold rolling process, the metal No external heat is supplied during the rolling process. Nevertheless, the surface temperatures on those metal surfaces that come into contact with the rollers stand, be quite high, which is due to the friction and other acting forces. In the cold rolling process v / earth lubricants are used to cool the rollers and to achieve a lubricating effect and thus reduce the frictional forces to a minimum. The lubricants are also used so that the Surfaces of the rolled metal become smooth. A satisfactory lubricant for a rolling mill must be allow and allow sufficient reduction in the thickness of the sheet per pass through the set of rollers do not lead to flake formation on the metal sheet and must also wear the metal surfaces or prevent abrasion on the metal surfaces.

In a cold rolling process, work is usually carried out in such a way that a strip of the metal goes through) 3 or 4 groups of rollers are passed through one after the other, with each of these roller groups a further reduction the thickness of the metal is achieved. Such a rolling train can be used as a rolling train with 3 or 4 in a row switched roll stands are designated, i.e. as a tandem rolling mill with 3 or 4 groups of rolls. According to a typical working method, aluminum strips that have a thickness of about 6.35 mm can »after 5 passes reduced to a thickness of about 0.25 mm. The amount of reduction in thickness that occurs per pass

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can be achieved and the speed with which the Metals to be run through the rolling mill depend quite heavily on the effectiveness of the lubricant that is used verv / ends ab .. A factor regarding the diminution the thickness per passage or the passage speed of the metal sets a limit, is the speed with which the heat can be dissipated from the rollers. Because of this, many attempts have been made to Use emulsions of OeI in water so the benefits the good cooling effect of the water and the good lubricating effect of the oil can be used. With such working methods the emulsion is sprayed onto the rollers and onto the pieces of metal to be rolled, generally on that Place where the metal will pass between the rollers. The emulsion is usually caught after use and fed back into the work process. Efforts have been made to develop a lubricant emulsion that will be rapid Cooling of the rollers enables and at the same time a maximum reduction in the thickness of the metal piece per pass Allowed by the roller groups. However, the previously known emulsions were not completely satisfactory, because better cooling could be achieved compared to lubricants based on pure oil, but it did a good lubricating effect could not be achieved with such emulsions.

The aim of the present invention was to develop an emulsifiable lubricant composition, which, when emulsified in water, is a very good lubricating mixture for machining metals, especially in a cold rolling process for aluminum,

The inventive emulsions enable aluminum sheets to be produced using higher linear velocities rolled and grounded with a greater reduction in thickness per pass than this was the case with heretofore known compositions.

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An essential ingredient in these compositions is a monohydric aliphatic alcohol containing from about 8 to about Has 20 carbon atoms. This alcohol draws is distinguished by the fact that it is insoluble in water. A second essential part of the compositions is a hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil. A third essential ingredient is an emulsifier that it is enables the mixture of alcohol and oil to be emulsified with water.

Other desirable components of the invention Agents are an agent which increases the lubricity or an agent which increases the oiliness. Such agents include, for example, the higher fatty acids, especially those with 10-18 carbon atoms, as well as esters of these higher fatty acids with lower aliphatic alcohols.

The emulsions that form when the agent is used are oil-in-water emulsions, because such emulsions are more effective as coolants than water-in-oil emulsions. In addition, the last-mentioned type of emulsions tends to have a higher viscosity than the oil-in-water emulsions. In addition, it is usually quite difficult to incorporate more than about 50 % water into a water-in-oil emulsion, while it is desirable to have a water content of 70- about 99% in the emulsion-type lubricant for maximum cooling effect .

If a surface is lubricated with an emulsion of the oil-in-water type, then the effectiveness depends the .lubricant from the preferred / iron wetting the metal surface through the non-aqueous phase that is present in the emulsion or dispersion. When developing

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development of the inventive lubricant "was namely found to be a mix of higher fatty al-. alcohols and a hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil preferably wets the surface of the metal und'zwar to a much greater extent than a hydrocarbon oil does when it is in the usual oil-in-water Emulsion is present. Although the alcohol acts primarily as a wetting agent or wetting agent, it also possesses to a certain extent the effect of a lubricity-increasing agent. Still included preferred agents according to the invention also have one or more other agents additives increasing the lubricity.

The inventive emulsifiable agents can be characterized in more detail as compositions which contain the following components in the proportions given below, where r ^ ie percent by weight based on the total amount of emulsifiable agent, the following are given:

Emulsifiable lubricant composition

Weight percent weight percent

in particular

more generally preferred preferred range range range

aliphatic alcohol 3 to 90 5 to 70 5 to 60

Lubricating oil 9 to 85 10 to 60 10 to 50

Emulsifier 0.1 to 25 0.2 to 9 &, 5 to 7

lubricity- _{Q We} ^ _{χ Mg 50 1 Ms 45} increasing additive

So.llen in the compositions listed above

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the aliphatic alcohol and the alcohol which increases the solvency Additions make up a total of 10 to 90 percent by weight. In particular, the sum of these two materials should be 40 to 80 percent by weight of the composition.

The aliphatic monohydric alcohols which can be used in the lubricants according to the invention can be saturated or unsaturated alcohols, either pure alcohols such as octanol, decanol, Dodecanol, tetradecanol, hexadecanol, Octadecanql, Octadecenol or Eicosanol or commercially available, technical Alcohols composed mainly of a particular alcohol but generally small amounts of pulp contain similar alcohols or alcohols with a similar carbon number.

Such technical alcohols are lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and Oleyl alcohol. These listed alcohols consist mainly of dodecyl, tetradecyl, Hexadecyl, octadecyl or octadeceny! Alcohol. A typical example of commercially available myristyl alcohol may contain 2 percent dodecyl alcohol and 3 percent hexadecyl alcohol. A mix of roughly the same Fractions of cetyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol are available from Walrat.

A particularly useful mixture of straight-chain alcohols with 12 to 18 carbon atoms can be prepared from ethylene and metal alkyls according to the Ziegler process (see Encyclopedia of Chemistry, 2nd edition, p 36, Reinhold Publishing Corporation, 1966). Some of these products are under the name "Alfol alcohols" are known and these are un-

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different distributions in carbon number available. Other mixed alcohols that are useful can be obtained from coconut oil by reduction with sodium or by hydrogenation. Purified fractions of the alcohols mentioned last contain various proportions of alcohols having 10 to 18 carbon atoms and such products are sold under the trade name "Lorol" (see USA Patent No. 2,721,877, 3rd column). Other alcohols which can be contained in the agents according to the invention are tallow alcohols which are obtained from tallow by hydrogenation and / or reduction with sodium. The tallow alcohols are in principle mixtures of alcohols with 16 and 18 'carbon atoms, with smaller amounts of alcohols with 14 and 20 carbon atoms being included. Alcohols, which are obtained by hydrogenation process consisting essentially of saturated alcohols, such as alcohols, which have been produced by a sodium reduction can also contain unsaturated moieties.

The alcohols should preferably be liquid, although alcohols, which are normally solid, are also contained in the agents according to the invention can be included. A mixture of an alcohol that is solid under normal conditions and an alcohol that is liquid under normal conditions usually results in a liquid that can be used well. Further The alcohols, which are solid under normal conditions, provide a liquid mixture when they are added to your lubricating oil Hydrocarbon base are mixed. Alcohols containing 12 to 18 carbon atoms are particularly preferred .

The lubricating oil component of the invention

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Agent is typically a hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil that has a viscosity in the range of about 15 to about 500 SUS (Saybolt Universal Seconds) at 37.8 ° C. The preferred viscosity range of the hydrocarbon lubricating oil is 25 to 300 SUS at a temperature of 37.8 ° C. The hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil should be sufficiently cleaned so that it does not lead to staining of the metal surface. This property is particularly critical when aluminum is to be machined. White petroleum oils (Petroleum white oils) can be used. These white oils are known and can be obtained by intensive treatment of petroleum fractions with fuming sulfuric acid. A particularly suitable hydrocarbon lubricant contains a highly purified fraction with high proportions of isoparaffins from mixed synthetic hydrocarbons. Such materials are obtained, for example, by an alkylation of isoparaffinic hydrocarbons having 4 or 5 carbon atoms with an olefin having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, for example by the alkylation of isobutane and butylenes. The oil is preferably subjected to cleaning in the presence of hydrogen (hydrofining process). In this context, reference is made to the USA patent specification 3'121 ^f 678.

The emulsifiers which can be used to carry out the process according to the invention are preferably non-ionic emulsifiers. The emulsifying agents that can be included in the lubricants according to the invention include the following products: Alkylphenyl polyethylene glycol ethers such as "Tergitol NPX" from Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Company; Poly-

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ethylene-polyoxy ^ propylene glycol, such as, for example, "Pluronic Wyandotte Chemical Company's L-64 "; rosin acid esters from Polyoxyethylene glycols such as "Ethofat 242/25" the Armor Industrial Chemical Company; N-alkyl trimethylenediamine dioleate and also alkylphenyl-polyethoxy ^ alkano-Ie, such as "Triton X-102", which is an isooctylphenyl-polyethoxy-ethanol is, i.e. the reaction product of isooctylphenol with ethylene oxide. The alkylphenyl polyalkoxy alkanols can be obtained by adding 5 "to 15 molar proportions of an alkylphenol containing alkyl groups 5 "to 12 carbon atoms, is reacted with an alkylene oxide. Examples of such products are the reaction product from 6 moles of propylene oxide with one mole of dodecylphenol, the reaction product of a mixture of 5 moles of ethylene oxide and 5 moles of propylene oxide with one mole of nonylphenol and the reaction product. 8 to 10 Moles of ethylene oxide with one mole of isooctylphenol.

Particularly useful emulsifiers include fatty acid esters of sorbitol or sorbitol anhydrides, such as sorbitan monolaurate, sorbitan monostearate, Sorbitan monopalmitate and the alkoxylated fatty acid esters of sorbitol or sorbitol anhydrides, such as for example polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate or the corresponding tristearates or trioleates. The different Esters of sorbitol or sorbitol anhydrides, which are called "sorbitan esters" in the following, the acid component these esters are fatty acids are sold under the trade name "Spans". In addition, the polyoxyethylene derivatives this sorbitan ester of the fatty acid is commercially available under the name "Tweens". Further other emulsifiers are the following:

Ύ [\ QQ

Octakis- (2-hydroxypropyl) -saccha, the condensation product

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- ίο. -

te from fatty acid amides and ethylene oxide, the ethoxylated Fatty alcohols, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene monolaurate, Propylene glycol monooleate, glycerine monostearate and ethanolamine fatty acid salts.

Agents which improve the oiliness or improve the lubricity and in those according to the invention Mixtures may be included are, for example, higher fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, such as, for example, dodecanoic acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, etc. Furthermore, the esters of such fatty acids are also used usable with monohydric and polyhydric aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, for example ■ ethyl ricinoleic acid, butyl stearate, the ester of ethylene glycol and stearic acid, amyl oleic acid, .Cg Oxo alcohol esters of tridecanoic acid, etc. Other desirable lubricity improvers are Phosphoric acid esters of phenols or alky! Phenols with 6 to 10 carbon atoms or mixed phosphoric acid esters of phenols or alkyl phenols having 6 to 10 carbon atoms and aliphatic alcohols having 4 to 12 carbon atoms. Examples of such products are: Tricresyl phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate, tri- (butylphenyl) phosphate, Dilauryl monocresyl phosphate and similarly structured materials.

The above-mentioned fatty acids, fatty acid esters and phosphoric acid esters are the preferred agents for improving lubricity because they do not cause staining on the metal. Other materials that can be used are animal ÖIE, such as lard oil, tallow, claws oil, olein, lanolin and similar products, and vegetable oils, beispiels-

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wise palm oil, olive oil, peanut oil and similar oils. the The selection of the agent to improve the oiliness or the lubricity can in some cases be based on the requirements, which are placed on toxicity, "be limited, especially if the metal is being rolled is to be used for the production of containers for the storage of beverages or food.

The esters of fatty acids with sorbitol or sorbitol anhydride, which have already been described in connection with the emulsifying agents also have the lubricity improving properties and they can therefore also be used for this purpose. Therefore serve in some of the examples described below, if a sorbitan ester together with another emulsifier The sorbitan ester is used primarily as an additive to improve lubricity. In the However, in cases where the sorbitan ester is used alone in the agent, i.e. without any other emulsifying agent, the ester serves mainly as an emulsifying agent.

The agents according to the invention can also contain smaller amounts of other additives which are usually contained in oils for metal rolling processes. Such additives are generally contained in an amount of less than 1 percent per additive, for example in an amount of 0.01 to 0, 5 % » These other additives that may be present include common rust inhibitors, for example alkanolamine, amine naphthenates and similar materials, antioxidants such as 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, phenyl-α-naphthylamine and similar products , Bactericidal or antiseptic agents such as trichlorophenol, o-phenlyphenol and similar

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borrowed materials,

Specific embodiments of the invention will now be explained in more detail with the aid of the following examples.

example

A remedy was prepared by adding the following components in the stated amounts, given in percent by weight, were merely mixed with one another.

Sorbitan monooleate 3 »2%

Stearic acid butyl ester 11.0 % ricinoleic acid methyl ester 5.0 % oleic acid 4.5 %

Anti-rust agent * 0.03 % . ■

Synthetic hydrocarbon oil ** 34.3 %

Mixture of n-alcohols with

12 to 18 carbon atoms *** 42.0 %

* The rust inhibitor used was a mixture of tetrapropenyl succinic acid and the propylene glycol monoester this acid.

** The viscosity of this oil was 50 SUS at 37.2 ° C, The boiling range was 260-316 ° C, and it was described in accordance with the US Pat. No. 3,121,678 Process made. %

*** The mixture of η-alcohols had the following composition: 34.7 % dodecan-1-ol; 5.0 ^ tetradecanol; 2.1 % hexadecan-1-ol; 0.2 % octadecan-1-ol.

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This agent was emulsified in an amount of one part by volume per 4 parts by volume of water, and it was tested as a lubricant in a rolling process for aluminum sheets , 35 mm possessed, subjected to the rolling process. Continuously cast aluminum is generally more difficult to roll than aluminum cast in billets. The percentage reduction of the thickness was in this fixed 52% _t ie, the metal "occurred in a thickness of 0.058 mm into a equipped with 3 High rollers Farrel-rolling mill, the rolls of these rolling mill having a width of 91" 4 cm, and the material An emulsion according to the invention was compared with a lubricating oil for comparison purposes with regard to its lubricating properties determined the average pressure on the rolls and the average amount of force required to operate the rolling train and thereby achieve a 52% reduction in the thickness of the rolled aluminum same synthetic hydrocarbon oil contained in the emulsifiable composition described above was. The usual oil-improving agents and extreme pressure agents had been added to this hydrocarbon oil - including oleic acid and other fatty acids with 12 to 18 carbon atoms. The OeI for comparison purposes was not emulsified. It turned out that an average pressure of 98.4 to 105 kg / cm and an effort of

ORIGINAL INSPECTED

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180 "to 200 amps were required to power the motors and achieve the desired 52% reduction in thickness. In contrast, when using the above described emulsion to achieve a 52% reduction in thickness only a roller pressure of 42.2 to 49.2 kg / cm is required and only a current of 160 amperes had to be used to operate the motors.

It was also found that with the emulsion described above it was possible to achieve a 62% reduction in thickness, while at the same time the addition speed could be increased to 335 m / min, while the roller pressure could still be increased to a quarter of 42.2 to 49.2 kg / cm was maintained. In this way of working, 270 amps were required to operate the rolling mill. The maximum reduction in thickness that was possible with the special rolling train used here was 74 % when using the emulsion described above, with an average speed of 122 m / min., A roller pressure of 42.2 to 49.2 kg / cm and a current of 200 amperes was required to operate the rolling mill. The results obtained in these experiments are summarized in Table I below. The rolling mill used in this test was a Farrel 3-high rolling mill with a roll width of 91.4 cm. The> tested material was continuously cast aluminum (Continuous Gast 1145 Aluminum), which after casting had a thickness of 6.35 mm. The width of the sheet was 743 mm.

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Tabel

Thickness and its reduction

Pre-lubricant

Start- exit- reduction throughput current to the average, the line in thickness in in % speed operation in printing pin mm mm in m / min. Ampere kg / cm

1 Comparative oil 0.058 2 emulsion 0.058 3 emulsion 0.058 ο 4th emulsion 0.058 co 5 emulsion 0.058 00 6th emulsion 0.094

0.025

0.025

0.025

0.025

0.022

0.024

122 180-200 98.4-105 134 160 42.2-49.2 244 190 42.2-49.2 290 215 42.2-49.2 335 270 42.2-49.2 76-500. 200 42.2-49.2 average about 122

- 15 -

Example 2

The composition of Example 1 was emulsified in water in a proportion of 89 parts of water to 11 parts of the composition. It turned out that with this emulsion it was possible, for example 86 ^ -ige reduction in the thickness of commercially pure

WO ₇ TSeI aluminum sheets, namely a reduction in thickness from 2.03 mm to 0.28 mm in a single pass through a Victor Bauer rolling mill at an addition speed of 91.5 m / min. A conventional lubricant for rolling mills based on hydrocarbon oils was not able to enable a reduction in thickness of more than 45 to 50 5% per pass under otherwise identical operating conditions.

Example 3

Using the following ingredients, an emulsifiable lubricating oil of the present invention was prepared for Rolling process produced. The components were used in the proportions given below:

Tricresyl phosphate 12.0%

Sorbitan monooleate 4.0 %

Dodecan-1-ol 19.2%

Srtxadecan-l-ol 13.0 %

Hexadecan-1-ol 7.0 %

Octadecan-1-ol 1,3 / 6

Oleic acid 3.5 %

Hydrocarbon lubricating oil

a viscosity of 43 SUS 40.0 %

at 37.8 ° C

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Example 4

An emulsifiable concentrate was produced in which the SorMtan monooleate is mainly used to achieve the lubricity of the material. The weight percentages given below of the materials were used:

Sorbitan monooleate 6.5

2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate 2.0

Oleic acid 0.35

Stearic acid 0.1

Hexadeoan-1-ol 3.2

"igepal CO-630 ** '8.2

Synthetic hydrocarbon oil ** 79.65

• ^ emulsifier based on alkylphenoxy-poly-

oxyethylene-ethanol

** The same hydrocarbon oil as in Example 1 was used.

Example 5

Based on this example, a much higher proportion of the amount that enables the lubricity is intended Addition to the fatty alcohol are illustrated. Here, too, the quantities are given in percent by weight,

Ricinoleic acid methyl ester 42.0

"Alfol alcohols" with 12 to
16 carbon atoms 6.0

Anti-rust agent * 0.04

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Antioxidant ** 0.06

"Igepal CO-630 '*** 1.9

Synthetic hydrocarbon oil **** 50.0

* The rust inhibitor was the same as in Example

1.
** 2,6-Ditert.-butyl-p-cresol

used.

*** See example 4.
**** See example 4.

Example 6

An emulsifiable oil for rolling aluminum was produced from the following components, the components being given in percent by weight:

Coconut Oil Alcohols * 45

Methyl esters of tallow fatty acids 20

Emulsifier A 2.4

Emulsifier B 0.6

Mixture of fatty acids with

12 to 18 carbon atoms 5

Synthetic hydrocarbon oil 27

* The coconut oil alcohols consist essentially of aliphatic alcohols with 12 carbon atoms.

The emulsifier A is sold under the trade name "Emuisogen MS12" and it contains polyglycol ether of fatty alcohols.

The emulsifier B is sold under the trade name

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"Emulgin 286" and it contains alkyl aryl polyglycol ether. '·:

The synthetic hydrocarbon oil used is similar to that used in Example 1, but it has a lower viscosity, namely 33 SÜS at 37.8 ° C.

Example 7

It became an emulsifiable oil for the rolling process manufactured containing 15.3% fatty alcohols with 14 to 16 carbon atoms and a combination of emulsifiers and agents to improve the. Oily, the one Combination of fatty acid esters and phosphate esters were. This OeI was prepared using the methods given below Constituents produced, these again in percent by weight, are given based on the total weight of the agent. It was intended that in this composition Cyclohexyl ^^ amine contained reacts with part of the fatty acid found in the mean, the reaction product should be one of the emulsifiers present.

Ingredient weight percent

Sorbitan monooleate 7.0 "Igepal C0-630 ** 6.5 Hexadecan-1-ol 7.3 Gfetredecan-l-ol 8.0 Cyclohexylamine 0.4 Oleic acid 2.1 Stearic acid 0.2 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate 9.0

Synthetic hydrocarbon oil ** 59.5

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* Igepal CO-630 is an alkylphenoxy-polyoxyethylene-ethanol.

** The same oil as in Example 1 was used.

Examples

In the following a means is described as an example, in which the total content of fatty alcohols is 65.5 percent by weight.

Ingredient - percent by weight

Sorbitan monooleate 4.0

Ricinoleic acid 2.5

Dodecan-1-ol 27.0

! fetradecan-1-ol 16.8

Hexadecan-1-ol 20.0

Octadecan-1-ol 1.7

White petroleum fraction (petroleum

white oil) with a viscosity of 28.0

of 90 SUS at 37.8 ° C

Comparative examples

The influence caused by omitting the hydrocarbon oil from the agents according to the invention, is illustrated by the following tests. 3 separate emulsifiable compositions were prepared, wherein in each case the same mixture of straight-chain alkanols with 12 to 18 carbon atoms was used · Bei Different amounts of the hydrocarbon oil were used in the individual compositions, namely in the first

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Case no OeI at all, in the second case 10.8 % OeI and in the third case 21.8 % OeI. The compositions of the agents' A _f B and C are given in Table II. Here, the hydrocarbon oil, the rust preventive and the antioxidant were the same materials as used in Example 5.

Tabel

Water-dispersible OeI for "rolling process C.
76.0 composition 2.1 Mixed fatty alcohols with
12 to 18 carbon atoms Weight percent in the
composition 0.04 "Igepal CO-630" AWAY
97.8 87.0 0.06 Anti-rust agents 2.1 2.1 21.8 antioxidant 0.04 0.04 Hydrocarbon oil . 0.06 0.06 0 10.8

Each of these agents became an emulsion made by adding 22 volumes of the dispersible oil dispersed in 78 volumes of water. The emulsions thus obtained were tested for their lubricity in the known Falex test device checked. In the Falex test fixture a steel pin is rotated between two V-shaped aluminum blocks, with the aluminum blocks in the lubricants to be tested are immersed. The test is carried out at room temperature. In the test used the pen was rotated at 290 revolutions per minute for a period of 2 minutes and under a load of

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45.4 kg. Then the pen was placed under a · Load of 227 kg rotated, this illustrates the break-in stage. Then the burden became increased in increments of 113 kg until the lubricant collapsed, resulting in a rapid increase in Tosion forces on 1.6 kg.m (10Qpound.inch) or on one Breakage of the test pin or the shear pin holding the test pin could be seen. With loads up to at a height of 680 kg, the test device was run for two minutes at each individual load level. With loads of more than 680 kg, the running time of the test device was one for each load step Minute. The value of the load at which breakdown of the lubricant occurs is for each of those used Dispersions listed in the following table III:

Table III -

Collapse exposure in the Falex test pre-

richtuna;

22? O-ige aqueous dis- kg load ben addition samraenbruch

A 1 * 130

B 1 * 700

C 1,700

It has been found that there is a relationship between the collapse load in the FaIex test device and the properties of a lubricant on the rolling train. This is illustrated by the following tests. 3 separate ^oil-in-T "iasser emulsions were each set in the above-described Falex Testvorrich-

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and also in a double rolling mill for aluminum (2-high aluminum.rolling mill), in which the rollers had a diameter of 25.4 cm. In these experiments, a 3 ^f OO3 aluminum alloy was rolled and that having a Nominalgescliwindigkeit of 100 revolutions per minute. The cumulative reduction in thickness after 3 passes was used as an indicator of the properties of the lubricant in a rolling process. Each of the emulsions that were tested consisted of JQ% water and 22 % of the emulsifiable agents D, E and F, the exact composition of which is given below, the percentages being percentages by weight.

DE F

Sorbitan monooleate 4.0 6.0 15.0

Tricresyl phosphate 2.0 2.0 9.0

Oleic acid 0.5 0.5 2.1

Stearic acid - - - 0.2

Esters of adipic acid and _{n ft} to 2 moles of 2-ethylhexanol ° ^{'u ö "u}

Hexadecan-1-ol - - 7.3

Amino-nonylphenol cyclohexylamine Igepal CO-630 * hydrocarbon oil **.

* As in example 4.
** The same hydrocarbon oil as in example

The results obtained in the experiments described above are shown in the table below IV stated:

1, 0 0 , 5 mm 4th - O, 5 1, 6th 3 , 3 6, 5 82, 9 79 , 7 59,

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Table IV Cumulative percentage. Watery Collapse burden tual reduction Dispersion in the Falex test pre- the thickness according to 3 of the means direction in kg Passages through the rolling mill 68 D. I ¹ 130 77.4 1 * 250 87.5 F. 1,810.

The values given in Table IV above show that there is a good correlation between that in the Falex test device certain collapse load and behavior on the rolling mill.

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Claims (10)

Expectations 1. Emulsifiable lubricant for metalworking, characterized in that it is based on the weight of the entire composition is 3 to 90 percent by weight a monohydric aliphatic alcohol having 8 to 20 carbon atoms or a mixture of several of these Alcohols, 9 to 85 percent by weight of a hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil, 0.1 to 25 percent by weight an emulsifier and 0 to 65 percent by weight of lubricating additives, the total amount of alcohols plus lubricating additives is in the range of 10 to 90 percent by weight based on the weight of the composition. 2. Lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that it is 5 to 70 percent by weight aliphatic Alcohols, 10 to 60 percent by weight lubricating oil, 0.2 to 9 percent by weight emulsifier, and 1 to 50 percent by weight Contains lubricating additives based on the total weight of the lubricant. 3. Lubricant according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the alcohols contained in it are mainly alcohols of 10 to 18 carbon atoms. 4. Lubricant according to any one of claims 1 to 3i, characterized in that the hydrocarbon-based lubricating oil is a purified fraction of a synthetic hydrocarbon which is the product of an alkylation of isoparaffins having 4 or 5 carbon atoms with an olefin having 2 to 5 carbon atoms. 309832/070 0 5. Lubricant according to one of claims 1
to 4, characterized in that the lubricating oil is a
white petroleum fraction (petroleum white oil). 6. Lubricant according to one of claim 1
to 5, characterized in that it contains a non-ionic emulsifier. 7. Lubricant according to claim 6, characterized in that it is a fatty acid ester as an emulsifier of sorbitol or sorbitol anhydrides. 8. Lubricant according to one of claims 1
to 7, characterized in that the lubricant additive is a fatty acid with 12 to 18 carbon atoms, an ester of such a fatty acid with an aliphatic alcohol with 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a phosphoric acid ester of phenol or of alkylphenols with 7 to 10 carbon atoms, or a mixed phosphoric acid -esters of phenol or alkylphonols with 7 to 10 carbon-.
tomen and aliphatic alcohols containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms, or a mixture of 2 or more of these materials. 9. Lubricant according to one of claims 1 to 8 in the form of an emulsion for carrying out metal rolling processes, characterized in that the emulsion
is an emulsion of 1 to 30 percent by weight of the lubricant in 70 to 99 percent by weight v / water. 10. Use of the lubricant emulsion according to claim 9 in a cold rolling process for rolling vo.i Ke- 309832/0700 tall pieces, in particular metal strips, characterized in that that the emulsion is applied to the surface of the metal pieces to be processed. Dr.IM.-mer 2Ü.1.1972 3 0 9 8 3 2/0700