DE2160897A1 - Method and apparatus for the continuous production of reinforced, dense pipes - Google Patents

Description

DR. HANS ULRICH MAY

d 8 monks 2, ottostrasse 1 a

: maypatent munich phone co8110 6936 82

W-8-P ~ i / iOi2

W-8-Gi / iQi2a Munich, December 8, 1971

B 4379 PG Dr .M. / Ro

Jean-Jacques WALTER, in F-92 Boulogne / France

"Process and apparatus for continuous production reinforced dense pipes ".

The invention relates to a process for continuous production a tubular element consisting of a thin and. tight hose or pipe made of plastic, in particular through Extrusion was obtained, a resistant intermediate layer, consisting of one or more turns of threads, strands or tapes, in particular glass fibers impregnated with a curable binder, and an outer bandage for the Inner tube forms, and a thin and tight outer tube or tube of the same or different type as the inner tube which closely surrounds the intermediate layer in order to improve the resistance of the tubular element to abrasion and to protect it from the environment.

There are already various methods and machines for manufacturing such pipe elements known, which by the combination of a thin inner tube and optionally an outer jacket

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with a bandage intermediate layer made of with a polyester or Epoxy resin impregnated glass fibers, on the other hand, are made resistant and impermeable at the same time. In particular, it is already known the plastic inner tube by means of an extruder of known type provided at its outlet end with a cylindrical mandrel, at least a portion of which takes care of the calibration of this pipe, the inner diameter of which is made equal to the outer diameter of this mandrel, and the pulling devices for axially advancing the tube over the mandrel. To the obtained thin inner tube at his To give the passage through the machine a tubular shape, which enables the execution of the following operations and in particular the This earlier patent specification also allows wrapping with the fiberglass threads or tapes of the bandaging layer known, in the hose through the axis of the mandrel to the extent of the exit of the hose from the extruder, a pressure medium, generally compressed air to be introduced. To maintain this pressure and to give the hose sufficient rigidity, this is at its end emerging from the machine, i.e. the front end in the direction of movement, with at least one sealed Provided plug, which preferably consists of a resilient and elastic membrane, which is inflated and with elements low coefficient of friction, in particular made of polytetrafluoroethylene, is coated, this plug is in a certain Position with respect to the mandrel held, and the inner tube slides without damaging its inner wall over the circumference of the plug. As it passes through the machine, the inner tube

therefore are covered with one or more fiberglass layers, the thread-like or ribbon-like components of certain directions have to the axis of the hose and then by means of spray pipes or passage through a trough with a thermosetting

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or meltable plastic material, which forms a binder and enables the production of a particularly resistant bandage on the outside of the hose, because the binder consists in particular of a polyester or epoxy resin, its polymerization is caused by the passage of the inner hose and its outer coating by infrared radiation - or high-frequency heating furnace. Finally, in a final operation, which can take place after the impregnation of the coating but before the polymerisation of the binder, the tubular element is coated with an outer protective jacket that can be rolled or extruded directly onto the bandage layer of the inner tube.

The invention aims to improve methods and machines for the production of tubular elements of the specified type, which can significantly improve the quality of the end product, while at the same time the manufacturing cost can be substantially reduced and the operation and the device can be simplified is less complicated, which improves its reliability and reduces maintenance costs.

This object is achieved by the method according to the invention, which is characterized in that mainly on a tight inner tube made of plastic material that is covered by a coating of a or several windings of a reinforcement material is surrounded, at the same time this reinforcement material with a hardenable binder impregnated and an outer jacket made of plastic material that the binder tightly and evenly against the

Reinforcing material presses, and then the binder of the impregnation is polymerized.

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According to a special feature of the process, the impregnation material polymerized at a relatively low temperature by means of ultraviolet radiation »

According to a first modification of this implementation, the outer jacket formed by continuous extrusion and limited elongation combined with air cushion support subjected »to press it against the reinforcement material and to cause the binding agent to penetrate into this material", whereupon the jacket is cooled after stretching so that it shrinks radially. The penetration of the binder is preferred and pressing the outer jacket onto the reinforcement material is completed by pressing this jacket regularly around its circumference distributed radial calibration forces are applied. According to In another modification, a uniformly distributed hydrostatic pressure is exerted on the outer jacket.

The simultaneous implementation of the impregnation of the coating of the inner tube or according to the method according to the invention -pipe-forming reinforcement material and production of the outer jacket offers the essential advantage of a completely homogeneous and even distribution and penetration of the binding agent between the fibers of the threads or tapes of the reinforcement coating, which were previously dry wound onto the inner tube. The subsequent hardening of this binder takes place as a result through the entire layer thickness of the reinforcement material, whereby an outer bandage is formed with it, which is exactly the same has moderately distributed mechanical resistance and, in connection with the inner tube and outer jacket, the risk of local Breaks of the tubular element under the action of various Significantly restricts stresses. Finally, the inventive method eliminates by avoiding any interrupted

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Establishing continuity when attaching the outer jacket to the impregnated Reinforcement material every possibility of loss of binding agent, which cannot fall because it is inside the Outer jacket is held and circumscribed for the duration.

The one used to manufacture the inner hose or pipe and outer jacket The materials used can of course depend on the Case of different type and be the same or different from one another. In particular, the inner tube and the outer frame made of high or low density polyethylene, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene mixed polymer, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene « Polypropylene or the like * The binder used to impregnate the reinforcement coating can be any thermoset or a material that can be welded by heat, in particular a polyester or epoxy resin, optionally with the addition of Ka-balysatoren and accelerators exist.

The invention also relates to a machine for performing the Method according to the invention, velche successively in the process sequence continuous manufacturing devices in the formation of a tubular element from beginning to end an inner hose or tube made of plastic material, which with cooperate with a mandrel, which gives this hose tubular shape, devices, velche move this inner hose over the mandrel, Devices which are used for dry coating of the hose with at least one winding of threads or strips of reinforcing material serve, devices for impregnating the reinforcement material with a hardenable binder and devices for the polymerization of this binding agent, which are arranged following the impregnation devices in the running direction,

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has and is characterized in that the -

Impregnation devices consist of a double-walled sheet metal, through which the bit runs axially its windings of reinforcing material coated inner tube and the one counter to the running direction, the inner tube with a play coaxially exerting axial cylindrical extension, which is provided with a supply line fttr the impregnating binding agent, this being provided in the middle and in the axis of an extrusion press, which continuously supplies an outer jacket made of plastic and surrounds the inner tube with the windings of reinforcement material located on it, the machine having devices for hot stretching of the outer jacket in the running direction after the exit end of the extrusion press » which cooperate with an axial cylindrical extension of the container pointing in the direction of travel, over which the outer jacket slides, and furthermore identified by devices which the outer jacket el stat sen and cause its radial shrinkage, devices to guide the progressive radial shrinkage of the outer jacket on the inner tube and devices to complete the even distribution and penetration of the impregnation binder through the windings of the reinforcing material.

Further properties and advantages of the invention are explained with reference to the following description of an embodiment of the machine according to the invention, given only as an example. The description refers to the attached drawings. Here in demonstrate :

Figures 1, 2 and 3 schematically show three successive sections of the machine, explaining the different phases of the process for manufacturing a tubular element j

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4 shows, on a larger scale, a section of the extrusion press, which enables the continuous production of the inner tube, and of the devices for further conveying the inner tube in the machine;

Figures 5 and 6, on an even larger scale, each show a longitudinal section and cross section of the sealing plug attached to the end of the inner tube of the tubular element, whereby the Inner tube can be pressurized with compressed air;

7 is an end view of the device for conveying the inner tube inside the machine;

Fig. 8 is an elevation view of the extruder showing the continuous Production of the outer jacket at the same time as the impregnation of the bandage coating of the inner tube with a thermosetting one Binder allows;

FIGS. 9 and 10 are a longitudinal section and an end view, respectively a clamping collar, by means of which a force can be exerted on the outer jacket which presses it radially onto the coating of the inner tube;

11 shows a partial view of the chamber for the polymerization of the impregnation binder of the coating of the inner tube forming reinforcement material;

FIG. 12 shows a further modification of the devices which are used according to Impregnation of the coating of the inner tube and simultaneous cover by, the outer jacket pressing it on Outer jacket on the coating and its radial shrinkage cause ϊ

Fig. 13 is an elevation and a section of a modified embodiment of the Xalibrierdorns with the continuously the

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Inner tube and the outer jacket producing extrusion presses cooperate;

- Fig. 14 «th cross section along the line X-X of Fig. 13 in larger scale;

15 shows another section of FIG. 13 along the lines Y-Y.

The machine shown schematically in its entirety in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 is in particular for continuous production a tubular element 4 is determined, which consists of a thin and tight inner tube 1 made of plastic material »an intermediate layer 2, which form a resistant outer bandage should and finally an outer jacket 3 made of plastic of the same or a different type than that of the inner tube. This machine consists of a number of separate but consecutive workstations or facilities that are located in the Figures 1 to 3 are provided with the reference numerals A to L and each part of the tubular element 4 according to its Through the machine in a precisely defined work step. The machine rests on a horizontal floor S, and the three parts shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are placed one behind the other in the order of these figures. The tubular element emerging from the first workstation on the machine is continuously conveyed from left to right. Under these conditions, work station A is the first (furthest upstream) and place L is the last (furthest downstream). and is controlled by one or more motors M, the synchronous running of the various operations by suitable gears and transmissions or in any other suitable manner

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guaranteed.

These operations are briefly the following J

In the first work station A, it is continuous, in particular by means of a conventional extrusion press with a cross-head, the inner tube manufactured, shaped and calibrated and then transported to place B by pulling this hose forward. The hose 1, which is inherently sufficiently rigid or, if necessary, kept in the form of a pipe by being inflated with compressed air, runs then through places C, D and F, before it is dry provided with the coating 2, which is then applied to the hose one after the other threads or tapes of glass fiber 2a, 2b, or 2o wound or deposited on it. The impregnation takes place at place F the coating 2 with a curable binder, in particular a resin, at the same time as the continuous delivery of the outer jacket 3, which surrounds the coating 2 and distributes the impregnation resin in it. At the places G and H the learns Outer jacket 3 has a limited stretch, by means of which it is pressed tightly over the surface of the coating 2 Places G and H, place I, this outer jacket can be subjected to a suitable heat treatment while it is being stretched pressed in a suitable manner against the coating 2 covering the inner tube. At place J the outer jacket 3 externally calibrated in order to further improve the distribution and the penetration of the binding agent into the coating 2, while The cold polymerization of this binder takes place at place K. Finally, at the location L, the finished tubular element 4 is continuously withdrawn from the machine to the outside.

The details de: <? Execution of each of the named places hereinafter with reference to the other figures of the appended

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Drawing described »with the various work steps de * The method according to the invention should be grounded again from the beginning of see below.

Figures 1 and 4 »intrinsically allows so the essential parts of a Create job A» the continuous production of zchlauch- or tubular inner liner 1 in particular de * case where this kind, due to their not even a gentt- mm. This work station A consists essentially of a plastic extrusion press, known per se, is a machine fixed part 7 »Which has an endless screw and devices» and »brings the plastic material 8, for example a polyethylene, in particular in granulate form» fed to the extruder through a funnel 9, to the temperature of a viscous melt »The machine frame 7 ends in a spray head 10, in which the fuel is printed through a narrow Bingschlits 11, so that at the outlet end of the extruder it has the shape of a red hose which forms the inner lining 1. This extrusion press has so-called “cross-die head” whose oil island units are of little importance for the) invention a cylindrical mandrel 12 acts together. In a first form shown in FIG. 4, this mandrel 12 has a cover 13 made of a "material with a low coefficient of friction, in particular polytetrafluoroethylene (" Teflon "e.Vz.) deposited by a customary process. The mandrel 12 is "provided with an axial bore 14 and carries on its" smaller diameter bands 12a

a head ring 15 screwed tightly to the mandrel with a nut 16 made of steel * In the axis of the hole 14 there is an ear,

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by means of which compressed air is introduced through the mandrel 12 to the hose 1 at a constant pressure which is substantially above atmospheric pressure and, depending on the type of hose, between 0.2 and 2 kg / cm ² can be selected. This air pressure is maintained by a centrifugal compressor ρ (Pig.i) set up outside the extrusion press, which has a high output which can be changed considerably without causing excessive changes in the pressure level, which should remain constant. The compressed air emerging from the pipe 17 goes through a channel 18 through the end 12a of the dome and blows the hose 1 downstream to the extent of its advance from the exit end of the cross-head 10 of the extrusion press, from where the hose slides over the coating 13 of the dome 12 »By enveloping the latter and giving it a constant internal diameter» which is essentially the same as the external diameter of the dome 12 to prevent the pressure of the air upstream of the hanging 15 from forcibly lifting the hose from contact with the coating 13, the mandrel has a dynamic seal consisting of a simple groove 19 which is formed on the back of the sing 13 and the bottom of which is connected by calibrated bores 20 to the annular space 21 located between the bore 14 of the dome and the tube 17, the leads directly to the atmosphere, the hose is therefore located over the entire section of the mandrel 12 covered with the coating 13 11 on both sides at the same pressure and slides in a suitable manner over this coating, whereby it receives the desired calibration and its inner surface remains completely smooth and tight, unaffected.

At its end 12 a, the mandrel 12 has a projection 22 on which one at the end of a by means of a pin, pin or the like Cable 24 provided use 23 is attached. The cable 24 extends

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axially inside the tubular hose 1 via the Length until the tubular element emerges from the machine. The cable is opposite to the mandrel 12 at its. End firmly with a sealing plug 25 (Fig.3) connected »which serves to the Pressure of the compressed air in the hose despite the leaks on the one hand through the bores 20 of the groove 19 upstream and on the other hand through that between the plug 25 and the inner wall of the tubular element 4 »that means the inner tube 1, left free play to be maintained permanently. Figures 5 and 6 show details of the plug 25 on a larger scale »

This stopper consists essentially of an elongated body 26, the upstream end of which has a handle 27 for the corresponding end of the cable 24 and one with the body 26 fixed connected transverse web 28 carries »on the freely rotatable about holding axes 29a Rollers 29 are held against the inner surface of the tubular Press element 4 to ensure that the plug is correctly centered in it. The body 26 also has a Head 30, on which a cover plate 31 by means of a bolt 32 against a cylindrical part 33 which extends the head to the front is screwed tight is. A space 34 is formed between this part 33 and the cover plate 31 in which a number of small caps 35 Are attached, the in plan, as shown in Fig. 6, a. Outline of circular sectors with equal center angles * In the caps 35 return springs 36 are arranged, on the one hand against the bottom of these caps and on the other hand against a a guide axis for these springs forming and fastened at 38 in the cylindrical section 33 of the head 30 stop 37 support. Due to the action of the spring 36, the caps 35 become so ticked back in the radial direction on the inner surface of the tubular element 4 so that the dia run along the chords of the circular arcs.

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Fenden axes 40 freely rotatably supported rollers 39, which have an elongated Have olive shape and consequently follow the outline of the inner tube 1 essentially and a sufficient seal form against the pressure of the compressed air, are pressed against the inner surface of the tubular element 4. Of course the rollers 39 are made of such a material that the inner tube 1 over these rollers without risk of damage its inner surface can slide, while the hose in this area of the tubular element from the outside through the Coating 2 and the outer jacket 3 is spanned and bandaged.

Figures 4 and 7 also show with further details A ^ is guidance of the work station B, at which on the from the cross spray head 10 exiting the extrusion press and calibrated through the mandrel 12 hose 1 a suitable tensile force can be exerted, whereby it is promoted in connection with the driving action of the devices of the work station L through the other parts of the machine will. For this purpose, the work station B consists of two rollers 42 and 43 »which can be rotated around the axis of the hose 1 vertical and mutually parallel axes 44 and 45 are attached, the distance between which can be regulated as desired. Means a (not shown) motor, the rollers 42 and 43 can be driven synchronously in opposite directions. How in particular Fig. 7 shows that each of these rolls has its roll surface a recessed central portion 46 which forms an annular groove, whereby these rollers at a corresponding distance between them

Axes of rotation squeeze the hose 1 laterally, but without it completely to squeeze, so that in the middle area of the hose Sufficient passage for the compressed air used for inflation and the cable 24 remains, at the end of which the sealing plug 25 is held is. The whales 42 and 43 can in particular be made of rubber

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or other suitable material, which is selected so that the lateral caused by the rollers Squeezing of the hose 1 is always limited and can be endured by the hose due to its inherent elasticity.

As already indicated with reference to FIG. 1, the at work Inner hose 1 formed and conveyed to work station B in the course of its passage through work stations C, D and E. an intermediate coating 2 of threads or tapes made of a suitable reinforcing material, in particular based on Glass fiber, which is used after impregnation with a binder and curing the same to provide a bandage which gives the tubular element 4 mechanical properties that are comparable to the Inner tube alone cannot possibly be obtained. To this Zv / corner, the work station C has a first winding machine of the type "Centerless" or any other common or unusual type for wrapping on a mandrel, whereby a first Winding of threads 2a, optionally with a certain orientation to the axis of the tubular element, are applied can. At the following work station D, the winding 2d itself is covered with an arrangement 2b of longitudinal threads, which are covered by a (not shown) Kantergestell also known type can be delivered. Finally, the longitudinal threads 2b in turn covered with a second winding 2c supplied by a second winding machine of the same type like the winding machine at work station C or different from it

can be. The threads of the winding 2c also have a certain one Orientation to the axis of the tubular element, preferably opposite to that of the threads of the winding 2a.

The inner tube 1 thus provided with its coating 2 arrives

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then into the work station P, the details of which are shown on a larger scale in FIG. The place has in particular an extruder 47 with a cross-head 48, which in its general structure corresponds to the extruder 7 of place A and serves to continuously supply the outer jacket 3 made of plastic material, which is to cover the coating 2 of the inner tube 1 at the same time how the threads or tapes of this coating are impregnated with a suitable binder. For this purpose, the cross-head 48 of the extruder 47 axially on its rear side has an extension 49 which continues in a cylindrical sleeve 50 which surrounds the inner tube 1 and its coating 2 at a considerable distance. A line is connected to this sleeve 50, which is connected at the end of the extruder 47 to a container E (FIG. 2) which contains a supply of binding agent, in particular from Ha ?? z 52, which is supplied by a pump (not shown) in FIG the line 41 and is conveyed by this into the sleeve 50 forming a trough, where it comes into contact with the coating 2. As a result of the continuous advance of the tubular element 4 in the machine and as a result of the appropriately selected output power of the pump delivering the resin and the corresponding gap between the sleeve 50 and the coating 2, the resin 52 cannot flow out of the sleeve against the direction of travel of the tubular element, which so directly and permanently seals the device dynamically. The extension 49 also continues in the running direction (downstream) in a second axial sleeve 53, which simultaneously serves as a guide for the jacket 3 and for the hose 1 provided with its coating 2, but separates them from one another up to their end. The sleeve 53 is double-walled with two coaxial shells 54 and 55, which form between them a number of offset passages 56 through which a suitable cooling medium, in particular water, flows through the _f

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Line 57 is led off to and through a line 58, this cooling essentially making it possible to prevent the jacket 3 from sticking to the axial sleeve 53 by cooling the jacket 3 as it emerges from the extruder, and also as Binder deposited on the coating 2, but not yet as an impregnation, is to be completely isolated from the extrusion press by the resin 52 that has penetrated this and to protect it from excessive heating. In the modified embodiment under consideration, the outer surface of the sleeve 53 over which the jacket 3 slides, like the outer surface of the mandrel 12 of the extrusion press 7, which supplies the inner tube 1 (FIG. 4), is made of a material with a low coefficient of friction, for example polytetrafluoroethylene ( "Teflon" e.Wz.) ₍ coated.

In order to effect the further conveyance of the outer jacket 3 to the extent that how the tubular element 4 passes inside the machine, this outer jacket is cooled at the work station G between the outer surface of the sleeve 53 »by the coolant flowing through it is, and two rollers 59 and 60 squeezed, each rotatable about two axes 61 and 62 perpendicular to the axis of the tubular element 4 are held. These axes are themselves held by pivot levers 63 and 64, whereby their position with respect to the sleeve 53 can be adjusted. "The rollers 59 and 60 are driven by means of Drive pulleys 185 and 186, which are firmly connected to them and have grooves in which drive belts 4! »7 and 188 run. As 2 also shows, the pivot levers 63 and 64 are articulated about two axes 65 and 66 parallel to the axes 61 and 62 and firmly connected with two gears 67 and 68 which mesh with each other so that the movements of approach or distance the rollers 59 and 60 are always completely symmetrical with respect to the sleeve 53. A load weight 69 and a counterweight. 69a;

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which are firmly connected to the swivel arms 63 and 64 »enable the regulation of the approach of these rollers while avoiding the compression of the sleeve 53 and allow the squeezing of the Outer jacket 3 against the sleeve 53 »in order to further demand it at the outlet end of the extruder 47.

The outer frame 3 produced in this way therefore prevents any loss of resin, since it completely and permanently envelops the coating 2 of the inner tube 1, but has an inner diameter equal to the outer diameter of the sleeve 53 and therefore greater than that of the coating 2. It is therefore expedient between the workplaces 6 and H to subject a limited axial stretching. For this purpose, the jacket in place H is pulled by 2 caterpillars 70 and 71 with adjustable spacing, which are driven in a suitable sense at the same speed, which is the speed of the advance of the tubular element in the machine and also slightly greater than that of the rollers 59 and 60 is. The outer jacket 3 drawn axially between the rollers and the caterpillars therefore strives to reduce its diameter somewhat and to press itself tightly against the coating 2 of the inner tube 1, which is superficially impregnated by the resin 52 in the sleeve 50. In order for this distribution of the resin to take place completely evenly and homogeneously over the entire thickness of the coating 2, the outer jacket 3 is also _{subjected to a series of successive operations in place I 1,} which lies between places G and H, which the pusher. of the jacket and the penetration of the resin acting as a binder. In the example described, the place I, according to a special embodiment, has a first blower nozzle 72 (FIG. 2) which is supplied with hot air through a line 73 and forms a warm air cushion under the outer jacket 3, which softens the jacket from below supports what the formation of resin bellies

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avoids due to its weight. Immediately after the nozzle 72 a second nozzle, the cold air nozzle 74, is provided which passes through the line 75 is supplied with cold air, which also forms a support cushion for the jacket and the beginning of the cooling of the Introduces jacket, which contracts radially on the coating 2 and the resin 52 deposited thereon, so the resin from there is gradually but completely pressed between the winding threads 2a, 2b, 2c of the coating 2. Between the two nozzles 72 and 74 a pressure collar 76 is also attached, which exerts a uniformly distributed radial force on the outer jacket 3, and so on its pressing against the coating 2 is improved and at the same time it causes the tubular element 4 to be guided to the extent of its passage through the machine.

Finally, the tubular element is after passage between the caterpillars 70 and 71 in Plats J are again subjected to a further external calibration by means of other calibration rings 77, whereby the Distribution of the resin between the fibers and thread or ribbons of the bandage coating is further improved.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 in particular, the collars 76 and 77 each consist in particular of a sing 76 made of plastic (for example polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene); which is held by a singing disk 79 which is itself fastened in a holder 80. Between a collar 80a of this retainer and the outer surface of the ring 78 is attached a sleeve of rubber or other suitable resilient material which constitutes an inflatable chamber forms and is connected to a compressed air supply line 82. As shown in Fig. 10, the Sing 78 has a row of evenly around it longitudinal slits 83 distributed around it, which give it a radial resilience, so that it contracts radially under the pressure of the inflated hose 81 and thereby the outer jacket

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3 .together and even closer to the coating 2 of the inner tube 1 can press. This radial clamping, which is repeated by several successive collars with increasing effect, provides a perfectly even distribution of the between the fibers of the various Windings between the two hoses 1 and 3 of penetrating resin 52.

After the calibration of the pipe element 4 and the impregnation of the coating have been carried out in this way, the final step consists in the polymerisation of the impregnation resin of the coating 2 at a relatively low temperature in work station K; For this purpose, the tubular element, as it passes through the machine, runs through an elongated cylindrical chamber 84, in the interior of which three adjacent compartments 85t 86 and 87 are provided, which are angularly spaced apart from one another by 120 ° around the axis of the chamber 84. These compartments are delimited in the direction of surface lines parallel to the axis by walls 88, 89 and 90, respectively, which in cross-section through a plane perpendicular to this axis run essentially in the shape of an ellipse, the three ellipses under consideration intersecting from one compartment to the next rin, g> tuadas tubular element 4 to form a component with 3 bulges. In each one of the foci of the ellipses, a high-performance ultraviolet light source is retained by retaining devices 94, 95 and 96 from the bottom of walls 88, 89 and 90 91 ₁ 92 forth or 93rd The second focal points of the ellipses coincide with the axis of the tubular element 4. The walls 88, 89 or 90 of the compartments of the chamber 84 are made of a material that reflects the rays emitted by the light sources, the mounting of the light sources at the focal point focusing all of these rays on the axis of the tubular element. Therefore, under the action of these rays, the impregnation polymerizes rapidly.

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■ * ■ cL w ·· *

nating resin in the cold in the measure of the passage of the rim element 4 through Chamber 84 «

It should be noted, however, that the chamber 84 advantageously with a transparent tube 97, which surrounds the tube element 4 coaxially, and with holders 98 on the walls 88, 89 and 90 is attached. The purpose of this tube is to prevent damage to the inner tube and especially the outer jacket when passing through this radiation as a result of the unavoidable generation of heat during the polymerization of the resin and through the visible edge areas of the Ultraviolet radiation itself can be avoided. The pipe 97 is in its central area by a connector 99 (Figure 3) with a very connected to a powerful fan (not shown), which delivers a high-speed air flow into the interior of the tube which immediately dissipates the generated heat. In addition, this tube 97 protects the light sources 91, 92 and 93 from the effect of this air flow. At the exit of the chamber 84, the pipe element 4 is finally by the two caterpillars 100 and 101 of the place L with a sufficient Force pulled to constantly challenge it from the plant.

A modification may be advantageous with regard to the particular Formation of the devices can be provided, which at the exit end of the cross-head of the extrusion press that supplies the outer jacket (Fig.8) this coat on the intermediate layer with a uniform and homogeneous distribution of the binder between press the fibers or windings of the reinforcing material forming the top cover onto the inner tube, and if necessary devices described above for the polymerization of this binder can be considered.

12 again shows the tubular element 4 with its inner tube.

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its intermediate coating and its outer jacket. At the exit of the extrusion press, this tubular element is passed through a container 102, which consists of a cylindrical tube 103, which is attached to its : m: ·. Both ends are closed by end plates 104 and 105 which are arranged perpendicular to the direction of advance of the tube element 4 to the extent of the axis of the tube element that coincides with the direction of advance of the tube element. These end plates are ver-r saha.iiί with central openings 106 and 107, the diameter of which is slightly larger than that of the tubular element 4, so that it can run through continuously. The container 102 is set up to contain a liquid under pressure, in particular water brought to a certain temperature = two sealing rings are attached to the openings 106 and 107 on the outside of the trough and in the vicinity of the end plates 104 and 105 arranged 108 and 109, the parts already described 76 (Figure 9) Körn advantageously be formed in accordance with '- a'a and cooperate with the openings 106 and 107, hervorsurufen to the simehmende pressing the outer jacket on the inner tube, or of others. Kind of can be. In this case, these sealing rings have at least one collar made of a plastic ring which is made flexible by slots regularly distributed over the inner contour of this collar. The tubular element 4 runs axially through this ring, which interacts with an elastic chamber which, in accordance with a pressure of compressed air introduced into it, compresses the ring by uniformly distributed pressure forces.

However, to the passage of the pipe element 4 through the sealing rings 108 and 109 inevitably occurring leakage losses of The end plates 104 and 104 are used to collect VJaaner from the container lOü?, ^ ei collecting devices 110 and 111 are secondary to each a -Juanen floor, in which a line 112 or 113 opens to the discharge of the collected water. The cylindrical

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Eohr 103 of the container 102 is correspondingly connected to a line 114 provided, which is connected to a heating system in the manner of a conventional boiler 115 to the water of the container on a to bring the desired regulated temperature. The output of the boiler 115 is connected to a feed pump 116, which is connected by a line 117 the water to an upper one arranged above the container Trough 118 returns, with the water level 119 in this upper one The trough is kept at a constant value that corresponds to the hydrostatic pressure exerted by the water in the through the Line 124 connected to the trough 118 container onto the pipe element 4 is exercised, in this trough 118 also open two further lines 120 and 121, which are connected to the return lines 112 and 113 of the collecting devices 110 and 111 are connected by the leakage water that has escaped through the rings 108 and 109 by means of the feed pumps 122 and 123 is continuously returned. To close » lent to avoid that the inside filled with air pipe element 4 by the buoyancy of the water in the container a disadvantageous bending learns, a longitudinal beam 125 is provided in the upper part of the container, the a number of brackets 126 with horizontal axes 127 has on which rollers 128 held in the form of diabolos which follow the curvature of the tubular element 4 substantially and this substantially in the axis of the in the end plates 104 and 105 provided openings 106 and 107 hold.

During operation, the hydrostatic pressure is exerted by the contained in the container Water on the pipe element over the entirety of the outer jacket completely evenly distributed pressure, which ensures an even and homogeneous impregnation of the windings or threads the reinforcement material arranged between the inner tube and the outer jacket as a bandage cover by the heat-hardenable Binder causes <. The formation of pockets or bubbles

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the binder on the lower part of the outer jacket is so practical made impossible »being those provided at the ends of the container Sealing rings improve the pressure of the outer jacket on the intermediate layer. Finally, this device enables the immediate and precise regulation of the temperature of the water contained in the tank and, as a result, the regulation of it gradually progressive radial shrinkage of the outer jacket on the cover and the inner tube simultaneously with the polymerization of the binder itself »with all of these factors producing enable a mechanically more resistant tubular element, whose properties are the same at all its points.

In the embodiment described above, the inner tube as well as the outer jacket continuously at workplaces A and F. (Fig. 1 and 2) supplied by extrusion presses, in the first case an axial mandrel 12 (Fig.4) and in the second case a hollow sleeve 53 (Fig * 8), over the surface of which the plastic tubes slide before they are subjected to various subsequent operations in the manner indicated, which contribute to the Exit end of the machine is a tubular end product with the specified Properties to deliver. In this example, the outer surface of the mandrel 12 is like that of the sleeve 33 with a material Coated with appropriate lubricity, in particular steel or polytetrafluoroethylene ("Teflon" e.Wz.), which reduces the risk of Tearing or wrinkling of the tubes is avoided in the course of their manufacture. Figures 13 and 15 of the attached Drawings show another modification to improve the sliding properties.

209826/0954

In these figures, the block 132 of an extrusion head 131, which can be both the injection head of place A as well as that of place P, has a calibration dora, denoted as a whole by 135, which is mounted in a seat 136 of block 132 and is located outside it in the Axis of the slot 133, from which a hose emerges, continues. This hose 134 can be either the inner hose 1 or the outer jacket 3 of the tubular element 4 with regard to the manufacturing details already given. The mandrel 135 consists essentially of a holding tube 137 made of metal, on which an equiaxed sleeve 138 is attached in front of the block 132, over the outer surface of which the hose 134 slides. The same * holding tube 137 also carries a transverse ring 139 in front of (downstream from) the sleeve 138 and still further downstream a guide body 140, the sleeve 138, the transverse ring 139 and the guide body 140 as a whole forming the calibration mandrel and one below the other over the length of the holding tube 137 are distributed at suitable intervals.

In particular, FIG. 14 shows a cross section of the mandrel in FIG Height of the sleeve 138 represents that the mandrel has a series of radial grooves 138a in which continuous ball tracks are attached are, which facilitate the sliding of the hose 134 over the sleeve 138 and allow it to be uniformly rotationally symmetrical Take shape about the axis of the mandrel. Preferably, the cross-section of the sleeve 138 shows the shape of a regular Polygons with as many points as ball tracks, whereby the grooves 138a extend in radial planes that go through the edges of the straight prism formed by the sleeve 138. In each of the mentioned Grooves are used two facing bearing plates 141a and 141b, which are pressed against one another by transverse screws 142 are. Each of these bearing plates has a groove 143 or 144, which together after the two bearing plates have been joined together

209826/0954

Form continuous path 145, in which metal balls 146 are arranged The latter protrude slightly beyond the apparent outline of the sleeve 138 along its edges, so that the one out of the ring slot 133 of the transverse fuel head exiting hose 134 directly the balls slides, which favor its advance and the assumption of a regular tube shape around the sleeve.

Finally, in order to keep the sleeve 138 at a relatively low temperature during operation in order to cool the To get the hose sliding over the balls 146 possesses the Sleeve between the grooves 138a channels 147t which extend parallel to the Axis of the sleeve and extend all the way through the latter and open at the end in sv / ei collecting channels 148 and 149, which lead from to the collar surfaces the sleeve parallel and with this tightly connected closure plates 150 and 151 are limited. These closure plates 150 and 151 have an opening in their center through which the holding tube 137, on which the sleeve 138 is fastened, is guided in a sealed manner. The collecting channel 148 is through a conduit 152 with an outer Source of a liquid medium, in particular water, connected, which is discharged through the collecting channel 149 and a second pipe 153 will. Advantageously, the lines 152 and 153 are surrounded by an outer protective jacket 154, which by means of a ring '!! 35 is attached to the surface of the holding tube 137.

points out of the sleeve 138, the transverse ring 139 on the holding » roino 13? two mutually parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the holding tube extending beads 157 and 158 with flat side surfaces which delimit an annular seat 159 between them, the bottom of which of a cylindrical connecting these beads 157 and 158 with one another Part is formed. This seat 159 stands by itself

161 in part 160 with a cavity 162 in connection, 209826/0954

which is connected to a pipe 163 leading parallel to the axis of the dome to the outer atmosphere. As a result of this configuration, the ring 139 can permanently serve as a sealing element between the tube 134, which slides over the circumference of the beads 157 and 158, and an inflation medium introduced through the interior of the holding tube 137, which despite the maintenance of the tubular shape of the tube beyond the mandrel 135 made possible by the lack of stiffness of the hose. Since the seat 159 is at atmospheric pressure, which is less than the pressure prevailing inside the hose 134 downstream of the ring 139, the seal on this ring is continuously maintained and in particular excessive escape of inflation medium and above all uncontrolled detachment of the hose from of the sleeve 138 with the consequent local deformations avoided.

The calibration mandrel according to the invention is finally completed by the guide body 140 arranged downstream of the ring 139 and the sleeve 138, through which the hose 134 can be conveyed further to the extent that it exits the annular slot 133 of the cross-head 131. This guide body 140 is shown in cross section in more detail in FIG. 15 and has a body 164 of somewhat elongated shape in section with two parallel flat surfaces 165 and 166 which cooperate with two flat rollers 167 and 168 which have the hose between them and squeeze the body 164 and thus convey it further in the direction of travel. The outer surface of the body 164 is advantageously provided with a coating made of polytetrafluoroethylene, which facilitates the sliding of the hose without damaging it.

Finally, a pin 170 for the end of a cable 171 is attached to the end of the holding tube 137. The other end (not shown) of the cable carries a sealing plug that comes in communication with

209826/0954

11

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die die Kunststoffsüa11ik ^j L,:; iiU'äasiiQa KMis ^ ia ligaments of reinforcement nnü iäas Sap ^ Eg · ά & η special Anweadiingsg ^habenea äm ^ vmi ••. / ■! srdifferent kind seia «AiaOsröea he ^ facilitates or builds up the Masctoias using & surrounds healings from successive Workloads that are faithful to each other and each one that flows through one or more? ©? besoadef-ay Ä ^ beitsgSsig © serve, num. ^{: i} 3l ^ iis Äfewaadlungen, indeEi 2s? iisii © a dl © © suchtechs ss, fe ^ sete ^ i ^ bigiien ^ iaupt = sliSäli-üfoöÄ additional workplaces® ÄÄ ^ itspläta® © iage additional work processes are carried out, wis 'deia feöiaiei; o: / 2iä | iielswsise a development or © iae Äbseh @ i <ätM @ © ia ©! ⁵ awipe the windings of the Verstrirangsmati

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also the deposition of a grained © der anüm ^ sm, Μ & ΐ @ 2ΐ®ΐ, possibly impregnated with a resin

209826/0954

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The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above of the procedure and also not to the described and in the The embodiment of the device shown in the drawings is limited, but also includes modifications. In particular, the winding devices for wrapping the reinforcement material as well as the extrusion presses for the inner tube and the outer jacket of be of different types and within the scope of the invention in different Way to be modified. The chamber where the polymerization takes place by ultraviolet radiation, or the container through which Water flowing at a regulated temperature can also be replaced by other devices known per se, in particular by a high frequency furnace. Finally, the inner tube can take place by extrusion at the head of the machine also by means of two over » made of tapes laid one on top of the other and welded lengthways on their sides or with a sufficient material thickness to accommodate it To give a sufficient rigidity, can be made, whereby the inflation of this inner tube and the use of a final Sealing plug can be avoided.

209826/0954

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. i A method for the continuous production of dense reinforced pipes, characterized in that on a dense inner tube made of plastic material, which is surrounded by a coating consisting of one or more windings of a reinforcing material, this reinforcing material is impregnated with a hardenable binder and at the same time an outer jacket made of plastic material is produced, the binder is pressed tightly and evenly against the reinforcing material and then the impregnating binder is polymerized. 2.) The method according to claim 1 _# characterized in that the impregnation material is polymerized at a relatively low temperature by means of ultraviolet radiation. 3.) Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer shell is produced by continuous extrusion, is subjected to a limited stretching in combination with a support by air cushions in order to press it against the reinforcing material and the penetration of the binding agent into the reinforcing material to cause, and that the outer jacket is cooled after stretching so that it contracts radially. 4.) The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the penetration of the binder and application of the outer sheath to the reinforcement material are completed by placing on them Radial calibration forces distributed regularly around its circumference be exercised. 209826/0954 - * »- 2180897 5.) Machine for the continuous production of dense reinforced pipes according to the method according to one of claims 1 to 4, which successively in the sense of the formation of a pipe element from the beginning to the end stage devices for the continuous production of an inner tube made of plastic, which with a mandrel giving it a Rohrfora cooperate, devices for the further conveyance of this inner tube over the mandrel, devices for dry coating of the inner tube with at least one winding of threads or tapes made of a reinforcing material, devices for impregnating the reinforcing material with a hardenable binding agent and in the running direction the impregnation devices arranged downstream polymerization devices, characterized that the impregnation device »consist of a double-walled container (50,53), <5er with its windings of reinforcing material (2a-2c) coated inner tube (1) runs through axially and de r has an axial cylindrical extension (50) directed against the running direction (upstream), which surrounds the inner tube coaxially with play and is provided with a feed line (51) for impregnation binder, this container in the middle and in the axis of a continuously den ^ ^en inner tube and its windings of reinforcing material surrounding outer jacket made of plastic material (3) is attached to the extruder (47) delivering, and that the machine successively hot stretching devices (59, »70) for the outer jacket (3 |, which are arranged downstream of the outlet end of the extruder and with a cylindrical, in the running direction downstream cylindrical axial extension (53) of the container, on which the outer shell slides, cooperate, devices (74) »which support the outer shell and thereby cause its radial shrinkage, devices (76,77) / u »The increasing radial pressure of the outer jacket against the inner tube for and devices to complete the distribution and the homogeneous, 209826/0954 ZföUöiJ / ■ = »31- Penetration of the impregnation binder through the windings of the Has reinforcing material. 6.) machine according to claim 5 »characterized in that the aold a cooling circuit within the wall thickness of its double wall (56) for cooling medium flowing through, which prevents the Auseiiitiantels on the downstream cylindrical extension (53) of the container prevents and the binder from Heating by the extrusion press (47) surrounding the container protects, 7.) Machine according to claim 5 or 6 »characterized in that the outer surface of the downstream cylindrical extension (53) of the container has a coating of a material with a low coefficient of friction on which the outer jacket slides β.) Machine according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the extrusion press (47) supplying the outer jacket has a Cross-head (48) has "whose axis is connected to the axis of the inner tube" 9.) Machine according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that the outer jacket stretching devices at the exit of the extrusion press have a set of at least two resettable rollers (59, 60) which can clamp the outer jacket between them and the downstream cylindrical extension of the container, and have a conveyor caterpillar (70, 71) driven at a speed slightly greater than the speed of the rollers. 10.) Machine according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the devices for supporting the outer jacket under Her- 209826/0954 causing a radial shrinkage of two consecutive There are blow molding systems (72 or 74) in which air cushions supporting the jacket are produced by means of hot air (72) or cold air (74) these blowers are downstream of the impregnation devices and located upstream of the polymerizers. Π.) Machine according to claim 5 , characterized in that the devices for supporting the outer jacket consist of a container (102} through which the tubular element (4) continuously runs axially and which is filled with a liquid medium at a controlled temperature _: the exerts a hydrostatic pressure on the outer jacket during buoyancy, devices (108,109) which seal the container in the inlet and outlet area of the tubular element, and devices (I15 »1i8) _{/ to} keep the temperature and pressure of the liquid medium constant are provided . 12.) Machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the Pipe element (4) by diabolo-shaped pressure rollers (128) with horizontal Axles (127) which are carried by brackets (126) on attached to a longitudinal beam (103) mounted in the upper part of the container, is held in the axis of the container. 13.) Machine according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the supply of the container (102) with the liquid filling medium by means of an o £ i: eneri _t mounted above the container and connected to it level vessel (118) takes place, inälem the mirror of the medium "on which the hydrostatic * pressure in the container depends, by means of the medium in the closed circuit from the container after passing through a heat that continuously regulates the temperature of the medium. a boiler (115) to the level vessel delivering pump 209826/0954 (116) is held at a constant value. (4.) Machine according to one of the .Anbrüche 11 to 13 »characterized in that that the sealing devices in the entry and exit areas of the tubular element in the container are made of expandable , 1O7 # 1O8) Rings (76 exist which clamp the tubular element extending axially through them. 15.) Machine according to claim 14, characterized in that the expandable rings on each side of the container (102) are placed in leak traps (110, 111), each through a conduit (120,121) with a pump (122,123) with the one above the container arranged level vessel are connected. 16.) Machine according to one of claims 5 to 15, characterized in that that the devices for gradually pressing the outer jacket on the inner shell ^ - ^ h from at least one collar (76) consist, which is formed in front of a ring (78) made of plastic, the through slots distributed regularly over its inner contour (83) is made resilient, whereby this ring cooperates with an elastic annular chamber (81), which under the action of pressure of compressed air introduced into the chamber on the ring and thus on the tubular element (4) running axially through the ring applies evenly distributed radial pressure. 17-) machine according to one of claims 5 to 16, characterized in that that the devices for completing the distribution and the uniform penetration of the binding agent from Press and tare, downstream of the devices for increasing on ° tension arranged: Collar (77) exist. 18.) Machine according to fine of claims 5 to 17t wherein the inner 209826/0954 hose is pressurized by a pressure medium and the downstream end of the inner hose by a seal stop fen »over the circumference of which the inner tube slides, is sealed, characterized in that the sealing plug (25) has a central body (30) in which grooves in the form of sectors in equal distances from each other are formed, which form guides for holders of transverse rollers (39), which under the action of return springs (36) arranged between each holder (35) and the bottom of the corresponding sector against the inner wall of the inner hose verden pressed, the transverse rollers have an elongated olive profile to the curvature of the inner wall of the Inner tube essentially to follow. 19 ·) Machine according to one of claims 5 to 18, characterized in that the polymerization devices used to harden the impregnation binder consist of an elongated chamber (84) exist through which the tubular element (4) runs axially and the three at an angular distance of 120 ° from each other around the Chamber axis arranged adjacent compartments (85 »86, 87), each of which in cross section through a plane perpendicular to the axis has an outline in the form of an ellipse, in which a strong ultraviolet light source (91, 92, 93) is arranged at one focal point and the other focal point with the corresponding ones Focal points of the other departments and the Kaamer axis! Coincides, the walls (88,89.90) of these departments from one light-reflecting material are made, which the light emitted by the light sources in the direction of the axis of the tubular element reflects. 20 *) Machine according to claim 19, characterized in that the Chamber (84) has a transparent axial tube (85) which 209826/0964 The tubular element (4) running through the chamber surrounds with a large gap and the rammer with it through a lateral opening is connected to a high-performance fan, the one surrounding the tubular element (4) and the one during the polymerization reaction. of the impregnation binder and by the visible fractions of the ultraviolet rays coming from the sources Dissipates heat, whereby the light sources themselves are protected from the air flow by the transparent tube. 21.) Haschine according to one of claims 5 to 20, characterized in that the mandrel for calibrating the inner tube (1) and / or the axial cylindrical extension on which the outer jacket slides, with a sleeve (138) attached coaxially to a holding tube have a number of continuous, self-contained passages (145) which run through the axis of the sleeve and are filled with metal balls, slightly above the apparent outline of: Sleeve in the direction of surface lines parallel to their axis protrude and on which the hose or respectively. Coat slide. 22.) Machine according to claim 21, characterized in that each Ball path is limited by two adjacent plates (141a, 141b), each of which has a continuous groove (143, 144) for receiving of the balls and formed in the wall of the sleeve longitudinal grooves (i38a) are used. 23 ·) Machine according to claim 21 or 22, characterized in that the sleeve has the Fora of a straight prism whose cross-section that the ball passages arranged in a direction perpendicular to its axis plane of a regular polygon ₇ and in passing through the edges of this prism planes are. 209826/0954 24.) Machine according to claim 21 »characterized in that the ball ducts are formed by independent channels (i52) jdie dim body of the sleeve and extend parallel to its axis, are separated from each other, whereby these channels serve the circuit of a cooling medium and to the Ends of the sleeve open into two Sanunel channels (148,149), which _{are delimited by plates (i5O r} i5i) perpendicular to the axis, lead through the openings for the tight passage of the axial holding tube (137). 25.) Machine according to one of claims 21 to 24, characterized in that that the mandrel (135) one on the holding tube (137) in one Distance downstream of the sleeve (138) in the sliding direction of the inner tube attached transverse ring (139), which the seal of the tubes in the upstream direction with respect to an inflation medium supplied in the axis and two parallel ' has annular beads (157, 158) which are perpendicular to the axis and which delimit a groove (159) between them, which through a calibrated bore (161) with a line connecting the mandrel with the outside atmosphere (163) is connected 26 ·) Machine according to claim 25, characterized in that the) holding tube (137) also has a downstream of the transverse ring (139) Has guide body (140), the two flat parallel outer surface) (165, 166) has the outside with two drive rollers (167 168) work together. 209826/0954 Blank page