DE2152643A1 - Electrical switches and isolators - Google Patents

Description

BOBMAN SMITH SWITCHGEAR LIMITED »· British Company,

of Atherton Works, Blackpool Boad, Preston, Lancashire / England

D 67 - Ws / b

Electrical switches and isolators

The invention relates to electrical switches and insulators and in particular their contact arrangements "

As is well known, with electrical switches, such as circuit breakers, a so-called suction force occurs on the superimposed surfaces of the successive conductors, e.g. the adjacent contacts, which endeavors to separate the surfaces from each other when current passes through, this force being proportional to the square of the current passing through Accordingly, precautions have already been taken for switches with a high course current, e.g. in the order of magnitude of τοη maziaal 100,000 amperes, in order to counteract the very considerable suction forces and thus keep the moving contacts in contact with their fixed contacts .

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In a known arrangement, therefore, for every case, there is a movable cen- tact arrangement, "must have several parallel tied movable arms or fingers, each of which has a movable contact, so that a single contact can be engaged, ao dafi the current in each pal is divided according to the number of arms. The maximum pull-off force, which then results from the contacts at each other for a certain start, is inversely proportioned to the number of such 4 arms compared to the case in which one of its centroid arms rergeaefeen and accordingly fersucht with the operating mechanism w similar to the arrangement of the switch au only aufgsbraskt a much smaller force to keep iie bewegliehen contacts in their gescL * asaeneu position in which ede a Aisaieben? Opening the contacts looks occurs. At the same time, the meatage brings with it certain difficulties in such an arrangement, especially with regard to the necessary uniformity of the current flow from a fixed conductor to the arms, which can be moved relative to such a fixed conductor You have to, so that your movable contacts are placed against the featen contacts and see how to remove them.

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The stationary ladder can - if desired - have a slide to accommodate the baths of the respective parts the contact arms of each finger can be seen as well as with a rotatable rod that extends through the fixed ladder and the linden of the arms or fingers, around an articulated connection to create in between · Such an arrangement entails a considerable number of machine operations with see and is therefore expensive.

Ss is also known to be a solid conductor in the form of a Joint contact block, which one in cross section V-shaped channel extending transversely to this Kentaktblock, with each of the arms of each finger on at one end an arcuate tab which engages the channel so that the arms contact the hinge contact block each touch on two opposite ropes and are rotatably arranged in relation to this block · With one such an arrangement, the joint contact block can - if desired - be manufactured by extrusion and it can, also supply the bearing from which the movable arms or fingers are made.

In the known movable contact arrangements, it is common to provide a so-called counter contact. This Contact, which is carried by its own contact arm, is arranged so that it τοη its respective fixed

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Contact only after opening the contacts of the other Ame or finger of the assembly is removed so that any arc that occurs when the contacts open can occur, being sucked to such an arcing contact and preventing burning of the other contacts is «Accordingly, all the current flowing through the

| v Contact arrangement passes through, temporarily through

diverted the arcing contact arm or finger during the opening movement of the contact assembly «If therefore such a Begenkontaktarm is rersehen with a curved lobe that is in a cross-section V-shaped channel engages in a hinge contact block assembly as described in the preceding paragraph, then are the pull-off forces acting on the contact surfaces between the curved lobes of the bow contact arm and the joint contact block during the opening

^ movement of the contact arrangement occur significantly

larger than those that occur between the other contact arms and the joint contact block, when current normally passes through these other contact arms · So when the opportunity is created would that the geometric relationships of the contact surfaces between the arch contact and the joint contact block differ from those of the other contact arms, the above

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share rerringert «earth« the «is rerändlieherwcise not possible without an additional kit of the known channel and flap arrangement described above, with a V-shaped cross-section,

The invention is accordingly based on the Avfgäbe, a to the parallel rerbandenen movable Kentaktamen existing The arrangement of the above-mentioned type should be designed in such a way that there is the possibility of different geographic conditions of the contact surfaces see the suction contacts and of the joint contact block on the one hand and the other contact arms and the joint contact block on the other hand, creating the Kentaktarms in a simple and inexpensive manner meant to be.

To solve this problem, the invention provides an electrical Sehalter or insulator for each pole has a movable contact assembly comprising a plurality of movable contact arms connected in parallel, each with one carries movable contact which can be brought into engagement with a fixed contact, rer that the arms made of metal strips consist, which are elastically mounted side by side and substantially parallel to one another in a carrier, wherein each arm has a V-shaped groove near one end and with that on an arcuate surface on a solid hinge contact block is supported with which the carrier

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is articulated and having an electrical connection between the arms and the block turn one direct contact between these parts is allowed

With such a construction, if a Begenkontaktara The arrangement provides that the angle of the T-shaped groove in such a contact is poor deviate from the angle of the other arms, so that β is geometric Relationships are created that result in the pull-off force between the Bogankentaktana and the arch surface during the opening movement of the arrangement occurs, is considerably larger than the swisehen force occurring on other contact arms and their associated surfaces

Every mobile Kentaktarm has a week-long wiae Form of a pressed metallate tire, the respective movable contact is fixed near the other end of this strip, for example by high speed s-beard soldering, which can be done without softening or softening the contact arms

In the arrangement according to the invention, each of the arms held in the carrier by a retaining spring in each case

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be, which is ao shaped, defl «in the load section provided that attacks the arm on a longitudinal edge and how about two legs of the pen about to circle it next to each broadside of the arm and where the The spring is held on a cross member of the girder look across the arms near the other long edge des Irmss extends · Serve in such an arrangement the retaining springs of the flexible and resilient Mentage of the movable Kentaktame in the carrier, with in the gap «Between two contact arms each one leg of the holding part of each arm is arranged, which see through the space between them is stretched so that the tendons are hold the arms in relation to one another. in which its shorter sides are the legs and one of its longer sides is the loading section of the spring form, while the other longer side has a design that holds the spring on the cross member «

The design that holds the spring to the cross member can be one eye and that eye can go through each other oppositely directed hooks formed aein, which at the two ends of a single length of spring wire, which the Retaining spring forms, are rorought.

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That of the longer sides of the retaining spring, which the Belaatungaabaehnitt has, it is expediently so shaped so that only a brief astral section is in engagement with the respective edge of the associated contact arm is «

The end of each movable Kentaktarmes, close at hand Ψ the respective movable contact is rorgeaehen

In two cases ao shaped that a recommended approach Either a nose was seen, under which a lip of the The wearer intervenes, which limits the possible movement of the arms under the load of their spring

The invention is illustrated below by way of an exemplary embodiment of a Sehaltere explained in more detail in the drawing «

L Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a beror-

preferred embodiment of an inventive electrical switch with a contact separation arrangement «

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the contact separation assembly of Figure 1

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Fig. 3 is the section along the line 3-3 according to Fig. 2 « Fig. 4 is the section near the line 4-4 sowing Fig. 2 ·

The preferred embodiment of the holder according to the invention consists of a three-pole breaker and an essentially rectangular housing 10, which consists of a electrically insulating plastic material is made and its interior divided by partitions, not shown, to form three channels, not shown, each of which picks up an associated centimeter clock arrangement 11 Sin not shown manual operating mechanism of the lower part or switch a has a rotatable lever extending through a top cover of housing 10 and with the Kentaktanordnung 11 rerbunden by an articulated lever attachment 12, which is a not shown Has member, daa is supported by a rotatable Ansehlagsstange, not shown, which is transversely su the three Channels extends «Sine not shown respective Birneta11- and solenoid assembly connected to each contact assembly cooperates with the stop rod to Turn this as below if there is an uninterrupted overload, i.e. an uninterrupted passage of the current, which is higher as the rated current of the switch or if short-circuit conditions with Stromdurehtritten, but essentially

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dea Nennatroa lie, appear, do the wearer auasulöaen and the closing flaps of the hinge assembly 12 and the opening of the switch allow

The Kentaktanordnung 11 are in each of the three channels essentially identical and it is therefore only necessary One can describe it in one go “Bine

At one end of the channel a fixed contact plate 13 "**" has a fixed pin point strip 14 which is attached to the surface of the pin plate 13 so that it extends transversely out of the channel. In the other south of the channel a Celcnkkontaktbloek 15 Kontiert, dease the stationary contact block 13 facing end has holes 17 a »each side, each of which is about 19 mm long and extends across the sun canal ψ Upper UnriS an essentially half-cylinder row

upwardly directed bearing surface 18 forms, which ao is arranged so that its axis can be seen transversely and essentially consentrically to the bores 17 stretched

The holes tend to hinge pins 19, the ends of which £ S and 21 fell from the contact block 15 aua

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▼ and the rotatable bearing on the joint contact sheet 15 eimea la cross-section inverted U-shape Either of the swept canal cross section corresponds to serve movable Kontaktemtragera 22, the

Ends 20 and 21 of the pins 19 in openings 23 ″ ad 24

in the respective side walls 25 «ad 26 of the carrier intervention·

The carrier 22, which is connected to the joint assembly 12 is used to hold several parallel movable contact arms 27, which are closed in FIG Dea switch shown position is located directly above the joint contact plate 15 su dea stationary Kentakt block 13 extend so that the movable Kentakts 28, which through each of the arne 27 be worn, in single grip ait dea fixed contact strips 14 of the stationary contact blockea 13 koaaen.

Thirteen movable contact areas 27 are provided, the aittlerer 27 of which (see FIG. 4) is an arc contact area and which is longer than the others and has its own movable old surface Kentakt has 29, which is set off relatively below the others and relatively below the support 23 in the direction of exhalation

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by an independent helical spring 30, which in the carrier 22 is inserted, is loaded. Everyone who The movable contact arm 27 has the shape of a metal PreSstreifens made of copper »for example τοη approximately 5 am thick, has a generally right angle Fora and carries the respective movable contact 28, Iv which is near one end of the arm 27, for example

In the vicinity of its other end, each of these strips has a V-shaped groove 31, which is cut there τοη the same edge, the arn 27 ml t of the groove 31 on the bearing surface 18 of the joint contact block 15 is supported and there forms the electrical Kentakt with the storage area. The fact that the movable contacts 28 can be attached to their respective arsenic by high speed brazing has the advantage that this type of attachment does not cause annealing and softening of the arsenic 27. Any softening of the movable contact arm 27 will be necessary, since shocks of considerable force occur during the actuation of the switch, which could cause the arms 27 to be destroyed.

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Approximately in the length of the carrier 22, I extends a Cross member 32 this «carrier transversely sua carrier 22 between the side walls 25 and 26 dea supports at one level below the lower edges of the contact arms 27, where the lower edges are those edges in which the V-shaped Grooves 31 are arranged and on which the movable Kentakts 28 are attached, you Ame 27 aind in j the carrier 22 held by respective retaining springs 33, which with the upper edges of the respective Kontakterae 27 atehen in engagement and arranged on the cross member 32.

Each of the retaining springs 33 (see FIGS. 3 and 3 ) is made of a length of a strong spring wire which is bent into an essentially rectangular shape. One of the longer sides of it is the Belaatungaabach section 3k, which is slightly curved along a length and has a linear central section 35 which abuts against part of the upper edge of the respective contact area 27. The two shorter sides of the spring form guide legs J6 and 37, which also extend transversely of the respective contact area 27, whereby they rest on each side of the associated contact area 27 and share the connection with the other long side of the spring, which is a formation 39

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for holding the spring 33 on the cross member 32 dea Carrier · 22 rersehen iat. This training 39 i> t to the The ends of the wire length are seen, these ends being curved are, in order to form opposing beacons 40 and su, "oak an eye around the transverse link 32 form.

Each of the shops in each of the core tactaraas 27 wears an Ansats Either one cheese 42, which was sold to "iasi Li> p" 43 aee frägers attacks to the movement of the Arnes 27 under de »SinflmS of the spring 35.

The erfindungsgenäfle Sehalter works in the rest of the same In the same way as the well-known functional visual control structures. When the hand is in the switched-on position The joint order is stretched out, na P press the carrier 22 near the bottom, se * dai the movable ones Contacts 28 all engaged with the solid contact strip körnen and in this engaged position by their respective Retaining springs 33 are loaded.

The movable contact arms 27 in the contact assembly every peles with the detrimental Srg «» mia, that the pull-off force - as already described above - at the contacts

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is reduced so that the force necessary to keep the movable Kentakt 28 in adequate pressure with the fixed contact tire Ik au is considerably less than in the case in which each pole has a smaller number of contact arms 27 and corresponding movable ones Contacts has that the Simselteile of the switch can have smaller dimensions and strength than in the known arrangements.

When there is a continuous overload or a short circuit current - As just explained - occurs, the joint assembly 12 is folded up and the arms 27 are τοη the fixed Kentakten 14 removed to open the circuit through the Sehalter su and the handle is switched off In position "

Since each of the arms is supported by the respective V-shaped grooves 31 on the bearing surface 18 of the joint contact block 15 there are two contact areas between each Arm 27 and the bearing surface 18 and the pull-off forces that act on the arm 27 on these Kentakt surfaces are in an angle to each other corresponding to the angle between the sides of the legs of the grooves 31, the Herizontalkompenenten of these forces essentially act against each other

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The vertical components, however, combine and are strives to lift the era 27 from the storage area 18 and au their size is a function of the angle between the sides of the legs of the groove 31 · As the arc contact arm 27 · is subjected to significantly greater pull-off forces on its contact surfaces than the other contact arms 27 »the angle of the walls of its groove 31 can go as far "are enlarged compared to that of the other Swiss stone pine 27, that the combined vertical components of the pull-off force, who endeavor to contact the arch contact 27 · τοη to raise its bearing surface 18, either approach the forces that occur on the other arms 27 or so far are rerredert that the actual lifting of the arm 27a is prevented by the spring loading of the arm 27a.

Each contact arm 27 has a strand 45, which on the arm near τοη whose other end is soldered and

a loop 46 of the strand 45 is by means of a screw attached to the joint contact block 15 · The screws 47 also hold one leg of an L-shaped angle iron 48 to the hinge contact block 15. This angle iron has a longer free end 49 which extends below the arms 27. The strand 45 conducts a part of the current τοη the edges of the grooves 31 and reduced

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thus the pull-off force on the surface 18 «The angle iron 48 endeavors to attract the contact arms 27 when Stroa flows through and thus counteract the pull-off forces. These features allow a lower spring load strength of the contact arms

The switch can be constructed from individual parts ron smaller dimensions and / or strength than previously necessary was and also has other advantages «The arrangement of the springs means 33" each with one leg 36 and 37 along each broad side of the corresponding one Contact arm 27 achieves a good fixation of the contact arm · 27 relative to one another so that they are side by side in Parallel arrangement in a very simple and convenient manner that is also easy to manufacture · Furthermore The Fora of the contact arms 27 is such that they are light and relatively inexpensive as compared with simple pressing operations with the expensive cast or extruder parts, which were previously usually used for movable contact arms, can be produced *

The invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment of a switch, but can also find use for other components. For example

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the contact arrangement 11 according to the invention in an electrical Insulator used «ground, with the contraction in this case it is so that two opposite Carriers 22 are seen with their contact arms opposed to each other to form a gap therebetween for receiving a retractable conductor xu, the for example leads to an electrical component, wherein

the relative movement between the contact arms 27 and the Conductor allows the conductor to be drawn out to insulate the electrical component.

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Claims (2)

Expectations 1 · / Electric switch or insulator that works for each pole each has a movable contact arrangement which ■ has several movable contact arms connected in parallel, each of which carries a movable contact that is in singriff with a fixed contact can be brought, thereby gekennaeiehnet that the arms (27) consist of metal strips, which are elastic side by side and are mounted substantially parallel to one another in a bracket (22), each arm (27, 27 ")" being V-shaped Has groove (31) near one of its ends, with which it is supported on an arcuate surface (l8) is that rorlooked on a solid gel contact block (15) is to which the carrier (22) is hinged, with an electrical connection swisehen the arsenic (27) and the block (15) by direct contact «wipe these parts is provided» Deutsche Bank AG, Wolfsburg 01 18653 - Kreissparl 2098 1.9 / Q63Q 120 541 - Spar- und Parlehnskasse Hattorf 1262 - jr - 2. 8th altar Bath leipraeh 1, dadareh kerntlehnet, d ·· eiaer dtr Atm «la Bogeaara (27 ·) iat, webei dtr Wiaktl ttUtr Y-ftfraigta N «t (31) ▼ · ■ the angle of the Nmttn (Jl) dtr and "rea Arae (27)" soft. 3.Switch math Aaapneh 1 tdtr 2, thereby gekeaaaeieaaet, dat jadtr Ar · (27) * i · Torn tUta attalltata Prtlatrtlftaa has, %. Bthalitr Bath Aaipnoh 1, 2 · Λ · τ 3, dtdireh fekeauticha «t, dat dia respective» hewegllchea KtaUkt · (28) mn dtn Araea (t7) d »rch HecbgesckwiBdigkcitt-Hftrtltfte · attached a lad. 5. aafweiat, dar · ■ tietr LSagakamta daa Araea (27) takes mad Mwel aieh about atakrteht em dta Liagakaatta dta Anti (27) · ■ every Breiteelte dta office · (27) aatlaag eretreekeade Sekeakel (36,37) amfwaiat aad «a» al the spring (33) · «'· * ■ · ■ Qverglitd (32) dta carrier · (2t) aagaerdatt let, daa aick«. «tr aa dta Araea (27) traireekt aad la der Mika dar aaderea LKagakaaia dea Ara« a (27) Cherishes. ^209819/0630 BADORIQiNAL 6. Switch according to claim 5 »characterized in that each retaining spring (33) has a substantially rectangular Fora, its shorter sides forming the legs (jb, 37) and one of its longer sides (3%) forming the load section, while the other longer side has a formation (40,4l) with which the spring (33) is held on the cross member (32), 7. Switch according to claim 6, characterized in that this training is an eye that through each other oppositely directed hook (40,4l) is formed, which at the two ends of a single Length of spring wire that forms the retaining spring (33), doors are seen " 8 «switch according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that that one longer side (34) of the retaining spring (33) is shaped so that only a short central one Section (35) is in engagement with the associated edge of the respective Eontaktarmes (27). 209819/06 3 0 2 1 B? 6 4 9 · A switch according to Torhergehenden claim _«t characterized in Dall da · end jade * movably ·» Kentaktarmes (27), in the vicinity of the respective bewegliehe Kentakt (28) Torgeaehen is, is shaped so that it has a Ansatx Eder a Has nose (42) under which a lip (43) of the support (22) engages to prevent the possible movement of the arms (27) under the load of their springs (33) * u limit * 10 · Sehalter according to one of the "preceding claims, characterized in that each contact arm (27) has a piece of metallic braid (45), which is attached to the contact arm (27) in the vicinity of its one end, with a visual loop (46) the stranded wire (45) is attached to the hinge contact block (15) so as to create a second current path between to form the block (l5) and the arm (27) 11 · switch according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a leg of an L-shaped Angle iron (48) on the joint compact block (l5) is attached, while its other leg (49) extends under the contact arms (27) so that when the current passes through the arms (27) a magnetic one 209819/0630 21R> (U3 - .ο - Amaiabmagakraft amttritt, 41 · Waatrakt Igt, dia ** ■ · (& 7) I ·! ·· * · ■ aimam Behamkal (49) am aiaba * «ai 4aali 41 · Mat · «(Jl) U biinrii Kaatakt aiii« ar k »f * afVnalga» flee (l8) a «ariagan 12 "Seaaliar aaek Aaapraek II, dadiarak g" kemaaaich "at, AaI 4aa WUkalala »(48) am 4« a Galaakkcataktaloek (l5) «« R «h 8« kr «tt» «o (4?) Aaiaatlgi iat, vobai dia Lit ·· (45) awiaekaa 4a · aataraa 8 «htak« l 4aa Wiakalalaaaa (49) ma «aaa GalamkkamUktklaek (l5) aagaardatt iat, a ·« at aia glaiakaaltlg dmrek dia Sekraaaam (47) baiastigt iat. 209819/0630 BATH ORIGINAL Lee r side