RU186337U1 - SWITCH-DISCONNECTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

The switch-disconnector contains a multi-sectional electrical insulating casing, supports 10, pulled together with sections 1-4 of the casing with studs 11 through openings 48 in sections 1-4 of the casing, fixed contacts 6 and arcing chambers 7 installed in the casing, a control shaft 8 made of an insulating material with a handle 9 and rectangular transverse through holes 13. In the holes 13 are placed movable contacts 14, spring-loaded to each other, assembled with retaining plates 15 and 16, paired 16 of which are located in arcuate grooves 52, made in sections 1-4 concentric to the control shaft 8. The holes 12 for the studs 11 in all sections of the housing, except the extreme section 1, must be made conical 48, while all sections except the extreme section 4 are made of conical protrusions. The holes 12 for the studs are located coaxially with the conical protrusions 49 and are made conical in the sections in which the conical protrusions of the adjacent sections are located. The switch-disconnector is equipped with a locking mechanism containing grooves 35 on the control shaft and locking stoppers. The lateral surfaces of the arcuate grooves 52 are designed to limit the radial movement of the pair of locking plates 16 together with the movable contacts 14 relative to the control shaft 8 and their rotation together with the control shaft 8. The locking stoppers of the locking mechanism are made in the form of diametrically located sliders 19 relative to the control shaft 8, spring-loaded in the direction to each other. In each slider 19, a hole is made in which the end of the compression coil spring 33 is located. The housing sections are equipped with conical protrusions 49 with conical holes 48 for the stud 11. The control shaft 8 can be made of PP polypropylene. The sliders 19 may be made of a polymeric material, such as nylon or premix (DMC). The guides for the sliders 19 are made in the outer section of the housing. Sections of the housing 1-4 have flat outer adjacent side surfaces located at right angles to each other, and the guides for the sliders 19 are located at an angle to the outer surfaces of the section, other than straight. Sections of the housing can be made of press material, for example of premix or prep.

Description

The utility model relates to electrical engineering, in particular, to low-voltage circuit breakers designed to turn on, pass and turn off alternating and direct current in electric power distribution devices, including turning on and off electric motors.

Known switch-disconnector (patent for utility model RU No. 52519 U1, IPC H01H 21/02, publ. 03/27/2006) [1] containing a multi-section insulating casing, mounting panels strapped with the indicated sections of the insulating casing by means of studs, as well as installed in sections of the insulating casing, fixed contacts, interrupter chambers, a fixing mechanism and a control shaft connected to the handle and passing through sections of the insulating casing, while blocks of movable contacts are installed in the through holes of the control shaft, standing of two parallel contacts, the spring-loaded plate springs, wherein the activation and deactivation device is a handle which is connected to the shaft

Known switch-disconnector (patent for utility model No. 67330, IPC H01H 21/02, publ. 10.10.2007) [2] containing a multi-section insulating casing, fixed contacts installed in sections of the insulating casing, a control shaft connected to the handle and passing through sections of the insulating body, blocks of movable contacts installed in the through holes of the specified control shaft and consisting of two parallel contacts, compressed by coil springs, and assembled using fastener plates and two perpendicularly mounted In the central part of each axis, a groove is made, and the blocks of movable contacts are provided with a rectangular plate with grooves made on opposite sides, while a rectangular plate is installed between the parallel contacts and two axes so that the groove of each axis is located in the corresponding groove of the rectangular plate .

A disadvantage of the known technical solutions [1] and [2] is the unreliability of functioning under electric load during operation of the device, which is due to the weakening of contact pressing as a result of unreliable fixation of the block of movable contacts.

Known switch-disconnector (patent for utility model No. 94760 MPK H01H 21/02, publ. 05/27/2010) [3] containing a multi-section insulating body, a locking mechanism, mounting brackets strapped with the indicated sections of the insulating body by means of studs installed in grooves sections of the insulating housing fixed contacts and arcing chambers, located inside the sections of the insulating housing, the control shaft is fixedly connected to the handle, in the through rectangular transverse openings of which there are blocks movable contacts made of two contacts located in the through rectangular transverse openings of the control shaft, each leaf spring is made by a curved contour with a flat central section with the possibility of self-installation on the stops in the through rectangular transverse openings of the control shaft, and the flat section of the leaf spring has a groove and a stop made with a protrusion matching the shape of the specified groove, in addition, the control shaft is equipped with two brackets that exclude longitudinal movement of splitting shaft in sections of the insulating body.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution [3] is the unreliable fixation of the shaft of the control shaft in extreme angular positions.

Known switch-disconnector (USSR author's certificate No. 333620, H01H 21/02, 1970) [4] containing a multi-section insulating body, mounting brackets, pulled together with sections of the body with studs, fixed contacts and arcing chambers installed in the body, a fixing mechanism in the form the grooves on the control shaft for the locking stoppers, the control shaft with a handle and rectangular transverse holes in which the movable contacts spring-assembled to one another with the fastener plates are located mi in concentrically arranged arcuate grooves of the sections of the housing, limiting the angle of rotation of the shaft due to the emphasis of the plate fasteners in the bounding surface of the arcuate grooves of the sections of the housing.

The specified device provides reliable fixation of the control shaft in extreme angular positions due to the limiters of its rotation and the locking mechanism in the form of grooves on the control shaft under the locking stoppers.

In this source of information [4], which is the closest analogue of a utility model.

A disadvantage of the known device [4] is the complexity of the assembly.

The technical problem that the utility model aims to solve is that when assembling the device [4], it is necessary to orient the sections relative to each other manually or by means of additional equipment so that the studs do not fit into the end surfaces of the sections.

With manual orientation of the sections of the device [4] it is difficult to simultaneously hold the sections in the desired position and insert the studs.

The technical result of the utility model is to simplify the assembly of the switch-disconnector.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a switch-disconnector containing a multi-sectional electrical insulating casing, supports, pulled together with sections of the casing with studs through holes in the casing sections, fixed contacts and arcing chambers installed in the casing, a control shaft made of electrical insulation material with a handle and rectangular openings, in which movable spring contacts assembled with locking plates are placed to each other, paired of which are located in arcuate grooves, filled in sections concentrically to the control shaft, a locking mechanism containing grooves on the control shaft and fixing stoppers, while the lateral surfaces of the arcuate grooves are designed to limit the radial movement of the pair of locking plates together with the movable contacts relative to the control shaft and their rotation together with the control shaft, the housing section equipped with conical protrusions with conical holes for the studs.

The specified technical result is ensured due to the fact that the conical protrusions of the sections located in the conical holes of the adjacent sections provide the location of the holes so that when the studs are inserted, they are completely prevented from sticking to the end surfaces of the sections, while the sections are oriented to each other in the working position.

Common essential features of a utility model with the closest analogue are: a switch-disconnector containing a multi-section electrical insulating casing, supports pulled together with sections of the casing with studs through openings in the sections of the casing, fixed contacts and arcing chambers installed in the casing, a control shaft made of electrical insulating material with a handle and rectangular holes in which the movable contacts assembled with retaining plates spring-loaded to each other are placed, the pair of which are arranged in arched grooves made in sections concentrically to the control shaft, a locking mechanism containing grooves on the control shaft and fixing stoppers, while the lateral surfaces of the arcuate grooves are designed to limit the radial movement of the pair of locking plates together with the movable contacts relative to the control shaft and their rotation together with control shaft.

Significant distinguishing features of the utility model from the closest analogue are: the sections of the body, with the exception of the extreme section, are equipped with conical protrusions, the holes for the studs are aligned with the conical protrusions and made conical in the sections in which the conical protrusions of the adjacent sections are located.

Particular salient features of a utility model are:

- implementation of the control shaft of PP polypropylene;

- the implementation of the locking stoppers of the locking mechanism in the form of diametrically located sliders relative to the control shaft, spring-loaded in the direction to each other, with each hole made a hole in which the end of the coil spring is located, and the guides for the sliders are made in the outer section of the housing;

- the implementation of the sliders from a polymeric material;

- the use of nylon as a polymer material for the sliders;

- the use of premix (DMC) as a polymer material for the sliders;

- the implementation of the sections of the housing from the press material;

- the use of premix as a press material for sections of the housing;

- use of the prepar as a press material for sections of the housing.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where:

in FIG. 1 is a front view of a switch-disconnector with the clutch, flanges, and handle removed;

in FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1 on the switch-disconnector with the clutch, flanges and handle removed;

in FIG. 3 is a bottom view of FIG. 2 with the clutch, flanges and handle removed;

in FIG. 4 is a bottom view of FIG. 2 with the clutch, flanges, handle, studs and support removed;

in FIG. 5 is a section along AA in FIG. 2 (section along AA in Fig. 1 - rotated 90 °);

in FIG. 6 is a section along BB in FIG. 2 with an absorber in the cut zone on the left side and an absent fixed contact on the right side;

in FIG. 7 - movable contacts assembly with retaining plates and springs;

in FIG. 8 is a plan view of FIG. 7;

in FIG. 9 - control shaft;

in FIG. 10 is a section along BB in FIG. 8;

in FIG. 11 is a section along G-D in FIG. 8;

in FIG. 12 - slider;

in FIG. 13 is a section along DD in FIG. 11;

in FIG. 14 is a top view of FIG. 11;

in FIG. 15 - coupling (side view - enlarged);

in FIG. 16 is a section EE in FIG. 15;

in FIG. 17 - fragment with a handle, rings, coupling, two sections of the support;

in FIG. 18 - handle (view from the side of the rectangular protrusion);

in FIG. 19 - handle (side view);

in FIG. 20 - section 1, 2 or 3 (view from the side of the conical protrusions);

in FIG. 21 - section 2 or 3 (section MF in Fig. 20).

The housing of the switch-disconnector is multi-sectional, consisting of sections 1, 2, 3, 4 (Fig. 1, 2). Sections 1-4 of the housing are made of electrical insulating material, can be made of press material, which can be used as a premix or prep, have flat outer adjacent side surfaces located at right angles to each other.

In the grooves 5 (Fig. 6) formed in sections 1, 2 and 3, fixed contacts 6 are fixed, in the grooves formed by the surfaces of adjacent sections 1, 2, 3 and 4, the arcing chambers 7 are fixed (Fig. 3-6). Through all sections 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the insulating body passes the control shaft 8 (Fig. 9-10), made, for example, of PP polypropylene and connected to the handle 9 (Fig. 17).

At the ends of the multi-section electrical insulating casing, supports 10 (angular metal) are installed, pulled together with sections 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the electrical insulating casing by means of studs 11 installed in the holes 12 of sections 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the electrical insulating casing and supports 10. In each through the rectangular transverse bore 13 of the control shaft 8, movable contacts 14 are assembled with a central locking plate 15, pair of supporting plates 16 (two identical locking plates), two axles 17 and two cylindrical springs mi compression 18.

The number of sections of the insulating casing is one more than the number of poles of the switch-disconnector. Section 4 contains a mechanism for fixing the positions of the control shaft 8. The specified mechanism is made in the form of two sliders 19 that perform the functions of the locking stoppers of the locking mechanism and are located in the guides made in the form of radially spaced grooves relative to the central step hole 20 (two coaxial holes with an end transitional flat the surface between them) in the outer section 4. The outer section 4 of the housing has a flat outer adjacent side surfaces located at right angles to each other no other, wherein the slide guides disposed at an angle to the outer surfaces of the sections 4, other than a right angle.

For ease of assembly, these grooves can be made stepwise - the side and bottom surfaces of two grooves from the side of the central step hole 20 in section 4 do not have bounding walls, and narrower grooves are made on the bottom surfaces of the grooves, with bounding walls restricting the movement of the sliders 19 to the side control shaft 8. For this, the slider must have protrusions included in narrower grooves.

Each arcing chamber 7 (Fig. 6) consists of a box-type housing 21 with flat side walls 22 and a flat upper wall 23 made of insulating material and interconnected by rectangular through holes in the flat side walls 22, into which the corresponding rectangular protrusions are inserted 24 flat upper wall 23 and rectangular protrusions 25 fan-shaped metal plates 26 with grooves in the lower part, while on the lower plate on top of two riveted joints p ikreplena flat spring 27 bent in U-shape, performs the function of the spring retainer.

The contour of the side walls 22 of each arcing chamber 7 in the lower part corresponds to the cylindrical sections of the surfaces of the sections in which the arcing chambers 7 are installed, while the lower ends 28 of the flat curved spring 27 are led by the protrusions 29 located on the outer cylindrical surfaces 30 of the adjacent sections of the housing. In this way, each arcing chamber 7 is secured. It should be noted that the flat upper wall 23 of the arcing chamber 7 in FIG. 6 on the left side is at the bottom, and on the right side at the top.

Each slider 19, made of a polymer material, which is used as nylon or premix (DMC), has the shape of a prism with a square base (Fig. 12-14). On the one hand, it contains a hole 31 of a square shape, at the bottom of which a blind round cylindrical hole 32 is made to accommodate the end of the compression spring 33.

Each slider 19 contains a protrusion 34 in the form of a segment of a cylinder or in the form of a triangular prism, the size between the two bases of which may be less than the width of the square part of the slider 19.

Thus, the locking mechanism for fixing the control shaft in extreme positions contains locking stoppers made in the form of diametrically located sliders relative to the control shaft, spring-loaded in the direction to each other, bearing protrusions designed to interact with the grooves 35 of the control shaft 8 (Fig. 11) , the surfaces of which 36 and 37 may be flat and / or cylindrical, including convex.

The sliders 19 may be made of a polymeric material, for example, nylon. The diametrical arrangement of the sliders 19 balances the forces acting on the control shaft 8.

The tail portion 38 of the control shaft 8 is connected to the handle 9 by means of a coupling 39 (Fig. 17). The coupling 39 is connected at one end to the tail part 38 of the control shaft 8 by a spline connection, and the other end having the same shape rotated 45 ° about the axis of the coupling is connected by troughs 40 (Fig. 15, 16) with a rectangular transverse protrusion 41 of the handle 9.

The coupling can be made by stamping by plastic deformation of the tubular workpiece.

A flat washer 42 can be mounted on the coupling 39, and between the coupling 39 and the handle 9, a washer 43 with a convex central part 44 and rectangular radial grooves for passing through them a rectangular transverse protrusion 41 of the handle 9 (Fig. 18, 19), a central hole .

A rectangular transverse protrusion 41 of the handle 9 is located on a cylindrical protrusion 45, the diameter of which is equal to or less than the diameter of the hole of the washer 43, and its height 46 is equal to or less than the thickness of the washer 43.

The surfaces from the side of the connecting ends of 47 sections 1, 2, 3 and 4 of the body have the property of axisymmetry. This means that any point corresponds to a point located at the same distance from the axis of symmetry and lying on the same line with the starting point and their common projection on the axis of symmetry. The outer end surfaces of sections 1 and 4 of the body also have the property of axisymmetry, with the exception of the lower part, which is lowered to the plane of the junction with the support 10.

The holes 12 for the studs 11 in all sections of the housing, except the extreme section 1, must be made conical 48, while on all sections, except the extreme section 4, the conical protrusions 49 are made (Fig. 21). The holes 12 for the studs are located coaxially with the conical protrusions 49 and are made conical in the sections in which the conical protrusions of the adjacent sections are located. It is preferable that the taper angle on the protrusions 49 and in the holes 48 coincide, and when assembled there is a minimum clearance between them to simplify assembly and ensure a tight joint between sections of the housing.

The hole 12 in section 4 is made stepped: on a length of at least the length of the protrusion 49 of section 3 it is made conical, and on the rest of the length it is cylindrical (not shown).

The surface 50 of the sections of the housing is underestimated relative to the connecting ends 47 to enable the installation between them arcing chambers 7.

The surface 51 of the sections of the housing is underestimated relative to the connecting ends 47 to enable the location between them of the movable contacts 14 in a position in which the movable 14 and fixed 6 contacts are disconnected.

Around the central opening 20 of the sections, on the side of the connecting surfaces, arcuate grooves 52 are made, the lateral cylindrical surfaces of which are located equidistant to the cylindrical surface of the central hole 20, and the side surfaces 53 define the arcs of the grooves 52 (Fig. 20).

Arcuate grooves 52 are designed to accommodate the ends 54 of the pair of locking plates 16, the peripheral surfaces 55 of which are cylindrical and correspond to the lateral cylindrical surfaces of the arcuate grooves 52.

The locking plates 16 are provided with two grooves 56 with semi-cylindrical bottom surfaces, the curvature of which corresponds to the curvature of the annular grooves 57, and cylindrical side surfaces 58, the radius of which is equal to or slightly greater than half the diameter of the cylindrical ends 59 of the axes 17.

Between the locking plates 16 on the axes 17 are movable contacts 14 spring-loaded to each other by means of compression coil springs 18, separated by a central locking plate 15 with grooves of a semicircular or rectangular shape at the longitudinal ends included in the central annular grooves on the axes 17.

In movable contacts, corresponding holes (not shown) are made under the axis 17.

The movable contacts 14 are provided with inlet inclined sections 60 made by stamping and cylindrical peripheral surfaces 61 (Fig. 7, 8). The fixed contacts 6 in the contact zone with the movable contacts 14 in the sections first contacting the fixed contacts 6 are also provided with lead-in surfaces 62.

The fixed contacts 6 are provided with protrusions 63 resting on the inner surfaces of the sections and preventing the movement of the fixed contacts 6 in the groove 5 away from the control shaft 8.

The fixed contacts 6 are also provided with holes 64 for mounting clamping means for attaching the ends of the conductors.

The control shaft 8 is made stepped. The Central part 65 is provided with shoulders 66, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the central hole in sectors 1, 2, 3 and the central hole of sector 4, located on the side of sector 3, and larger than the diameter of the central hole of sector 4, located on the side of the support 10 fixed to sector 4, interrupted by the guides of the slider 19.

Behind the shoulders 66 are sections 67 containing grooves 35, one of which is located the tail portion 38.

To reduce the material consumption in the sections, recesses 68 are made.

A clamp 69 is installed on one of the supports 10 for attaching the conductor to ground in the form of a bolt, nut, and washer.

The threaded rods 11 are connected to nuts 70 and washers 71 (flat and spring washers).

The supports are provided with grooves 72 for fixing them to the supporting surface.

The assembly of the switch-disconnector can be carried out in the following sequence.

The locking plate 15 is inserted into the central annular grooves on the axles 17 with grooves of semicircular or rectangular shape at the longitudinal ends 17. Then, the axes 17 are inserted into the holes of the movable contacts 14, thereby fixing the locking plate 15 between the axles 17, and compression cylindrical springs 18 are put on them 18. Overcoming the resistance of the springs 18, the locking plates 16 are moved along the axes 17 through the cylindrical side surfaces 58 to the level of the annular grooves of the axes 17 located near their ends, and the lateral movement of the locking plates 16 is introduced x slots 56 into the annular groove 57 to lock in the bottom surface of the grooves 56. To simplify entry radii of cylindrical side faces 58 of grooves 56 should be smaller than half the diameter of the middle portion of the axes 17 and more than half the diameter of the ends 17 of axles.

After assembling all the movable contacts with the axes 17, compression springs 18 and retaining plates 15 and 16, into the rectangular hole of the control shaft 8 located on the side of its end, insert a pair of movable contacts 14 in the assembly and insert the control shaft 8 into the central hole of the section with this end 4 to the end of the collar 66 in the end transition surface located between the two holes forming the stepped hole 20 of section 4. The ends of the locking plates 16 are inserted into the arcuate grooves 52 of section 4.

After that, the control shaft 8 with movable contacts is turned into the open position, section 3 is installed section 3 with fixed contacts 6 installed in its grooves 5, introducing the conical protrusions 49 of section 3 into the conical holes of section 4, and raising the control shaft 8 to the end the locking plates 16 into the arcuate grooves 52 of section 3, insert the next pair of movable contacts 14 assembled into the middle rectangular hole of the control shaft 8. Repeat the above steps with section 2, then install section 1 along with not movable contacts 6.

After that, sliders 19 with cylindrical compression springs 33 are inserted into section 1, supports 10 are inserted from the side of sections 1 and 4, threaded rods 11 are inserted into holes 12 and the package of sections 1-4 with supports 10 is pulled together by nuts 70 using washers 71 (flat and spring washers), insert arcing chambers 7.

A sleeve 39 is put on the tail portion 38 of the control shaft 8. Washers 42 and 43 are put on the sleeve 39 and connected at the other end with a rectangular transverse protrusion 41 of the handle 9.

The tail portion 38 of the control shaft 8 can also be installed from the side of section 1.

The device operates as follows. The switch-disconnector is turned on and off by the handle 9. When the switch-disconnector is turned on by the handle 9 connected to the control shaft 8, the movable contacts 14 installed in the through holes of the control shaft 8 are rotated together with the control shaft 8 into the lateral surfaces of the arcuate grooves 52. Mobile contacts 14 come into contact with fixed contacts 6, covering them. The complete connection of the contacts is fixed by the locking mechanism, when the protrusions 34 of the sliders 19 enter the grooves 35 of the control shaft 8 (Fig. 11). When the handle 9 is rotated in the opposite direction, the movable contacts 14 come out of contact with the fixed contacts 6 and the electrical circuit is disconnected. The off position is also fixed by the locking mechanism when the protrusions 34 of the sliders 19 enter the grooves with the surfaces 36 and 37 of the control shaft 8 (Fig. 11).

The implementation of the control shaft of PP polypropylene, the execution of the sliders from a polymeric material reduce the weight of the device and reduce the friction between the surfaces of the control shaft and the sliders in contact with each other.

The implementation of the locking stoppers of the locking mechanism in the form of diametrically located sliders relative to the control shaft, spring-loaded in the direction of each other, with each slide made a hole in which the end of the cylindrical compression spring is located, and the execution of the guides for the sliders in the outer section of the housing, reduces the width outer section of the housing.

Claims (9)

1. The switch-disconnector containing a multi-section insulating casing, supports, pulled together with sections of the housing with pins through openings in the sections of the housing, fixed contacts and arc chambers installed in the housing, a control shaft of electrical insulation material with a handle and rectangular openings in which spring-loaded friend movable contacts assembled with locking plates to one another, paired of which are located in arcuate grooves made in sections concentrically controlling mu shaft, a locking mechanism containing grooves on the control shaft and locking stoppers, while the lateral surfaces of the arcuate grooves are designed to limit radial movement of the pair of locking plates together with movable contacts relative to the control shaft and their rotation together with the control shaft, characterized in that the housing section , with the exception of the end section, are equipped with conical protrusions, the holes for the studs are aligned with the conical protrusions and made conical in the sections in which s conical protrusions adjacent sections. 2. The switch-disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the control shaft is made of PP polypropylene. 3. The switch-disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking stoppers of the locking mechanism are made in the form of diametrically positioned sliders relative to the control shaft, spring-loaded in the direction to each other, with a hole in which each end of the compression coil spring is located and guides for the sliders are made in the outer section of the housing. 4. The switch-disconnector according to claim 3, characterized in that the sliders are made of polymer material. 5. The switch-disconnector according to claim 4, characterized in that nylon is used as the polymeric material. 6. The switch-disconnector according to claim 4, characterized in that a premix (DMC) is used as the polymeric material. 7. The switch-disconnector according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing sections are made of press material. 8. The switch-disconnector according to claim 7, characterized in that a premix is used as the press material. 9. The switch-disconnector according to claim 7, characterized in that a prepreg is used as the press material.

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