DE2141171C3 - Methods of waste disposal - Google Patents
Methods of waste disposalInfo
- Publication number
- DE2141171C3 DE2141171C3 DE2141171A DE2141171A DE2141171C3 DE 2141171 C3 DE2141171 C3 DE 2141171C3 DE 2141171 A DE2141171 A DE 2141171A DE 2141171 A DE2141171 A DE 2141171A DE 2141171 C3 DE2141171 C3 DE 2141171C3
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- gasification
- gases
- incineration
- waste
- stage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims 9
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims 4
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000039 hydrogen halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012433 hydrogen halide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/027—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment pyrolising or gasifying stage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
- B09B3/45—Steam treatment, e.g. supercritical water gasification or oxidation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
Granuliereinrichtung 4, in welche die Rückstände aus der Veraschungsstufe 3 in Form von geschmolzener oder halbgeschmolzener -Masse gelangen, gekühlt, granuliert und über einen Schlackenaustrag 14 ausgebracht werden. Im oberen Bereich der Trocknungsstufe 1 ist eine Abgasablaßöffnung 24 vorgesehen, durch welche die gesamten, in der Vergasungszone 2 erzeugten gasförmigen Vergasungsprodukte, nachdem sie die Trocknungüstufe 1 passiert haben, abgezogen und nach Kühlung in einem Wärmetauscher 5 in eine Trenn vorrichtung 6 geleitet werden. In dieser Trennvorrichtung 6 werden die schädlichen Gase, wobei es sich je nach Zusammensetzung des Mülls, beispielsweise um Chlorgase, Chlorwasserstoffe und andere ätzende, korrosive Gase handeln kann, behandelt, indem sie beispielsweise in Wasser gelöst und in Form von Salzsäure rückgewonnen und über den Auslaß 16 ausgef-agen werden. Die in der Trennvorrichtung 6 durch Abscheidung der schädlichen Gase gereinigten Gase, vor allem brennbare Gase, so weit sie nicht sogleich gebraucht werden, werden in einem Gasbehälter 7 zwischengelagert oder über eine Leitung 15 in den Wärmetauscher 5 gegeben, von wo sie nacherwärmt in die Müllbeseitigungsvorrichtung 12 eingeführt werden, und zwar über Düsen 25 in die Trocknungsstufe 1 und/oder als Hilfsbrennstoff in die Veraschungsstufe 3.Granulating device 4, in which the residues from the incineration stage 3 in the form of molten or semi-molten mass arrive, cooled, granulated and discharged via a slag discharge 14. In the upper area of the drying stage 1, an exhaust gas discharge opening 24 is provided through which the entire generated in the gasification zone 2 gaseous gasification products after they have passed the drying stage 1, withdrawn and after Cooling in a heat exchanger 5 in a separation device 6 are passed. In this separator 6 the harmful gases, which depending on the composition of the waste, for example chlorine gases, Hydrogen chloride and other caustic, corrosive gases can act, treated by for example dissolved in water and recovered in the form of hydrochloric acid and discharged via outlet 16. The gases, especially combustible ones, cleaned in the separating device 6 by separating the harmful gases Gases, as far as they are not needed immediately, are temporarily stored or in a gas container 7 given via a line 15 into the heat exchanger 5, from where it is reheated in the garbage disposal device 12 are introduced, through nozzles 25 in the drying stage 1 and / or as an auxiliary fuel to ashing stage 3.
Die in der Veraschungsstufe 3 erzeugten Abgase werden zum einen Teil der Vergasungszone 2 zugeführt und zum anderen größeren Teil über eine Abgasleitung 17 in einen Luftvorwärmer 8 gegeben. Im Luftvorwärmer 8 wird über eine Zufuhrleitung 18 eingebrachte Luft aufgewärmt und gelangt von dort über eine Zufuhrleitung 28 als Verbrennungsluft in die Ver-' aschungsstufe 3 und/oder über eine Feuchtigkeitseinstellvorrichtung 20 mit einer Dampfzuführung 19 als Vergasungsluft mit eingestelltem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt in die Vergasungszone 2. Die den Luftvorwärmer 8 verlassenden Abgase werden über eine Rückgewinnungseinrichtung 9 für Abwärme und eine Staubsammeleinrichtung 10 einem Schornstein 11 zugeführt, aus welehern sie ohne die Umwelt zu belasten, in die Atmosphäre abgegeben werden.The exhaust gases generated in the incineration stage 3 are partly fed to the gasification zone 2 and on the other hand, a larger part is fed into an air preheater 8 via an exhaust pipe 17. In the air preheater 8 air introduced via a supply line 18 is warmed up and passes over from there a supply line 28 as combustion air into the incineration stage 3 and / or via a humidity adjustment device 20 with a steam supply 19 as gasification air with adjusted moisture content in the gasification zone 2. The exhaust gases leaving the air preheater 8 are collected via a recovery device 9 for waste heat and a dust collector 10 fed to a chimney 11 from which they are released into the atmosphere without polluting the environment.
In diesem kontinuierlich ablaufenden Verfahren, können Abfälle unterschiedlichster Zusammensetzung schadlos beseitigt werden. In den drei hintereinander angeordneten Verfahrensstufen, der Trocknungsstufe 1, der Vergasungszone 2 und der Veraschungsstufe 3, wird der Müll beispielsweise folgenden Vorgängen unterworfen. Die in der Trocknungsstufe 1 vorgewärmten und getrockneten Müllabfälle gelangen etwa mit einer Temperatur von 150 bis 200° C in die Vergasungszone 2. Hier setzt die Zersetzung der Abfälle ein, Kunststoffe werden beispielsweise geschmolzen und bei Vinyichloridpolymeren tritt eine Halogen wasserstoff abspaltung und Freisetzung von Chiorwasserstoffgas ein. Mit dem weiteren Absinken der Abfälle und dem Eintritt in die Vergasungszone 2 steigt die Temperatur an. Bei etwa 400 bis 500° C zeigt sich eine starke Beschleunigung der Zersetzung der verschiedenen Abfallbestandteile. Die flüchtigen Bestandteile werden ausgetrieben und gehen in die Gasphase über unter gleichzeitigem Übergang der Müllbestandteile, soweit es sich um Ausgangsstoffe organischen Ursprungs handelt, in an festem Kohlenstoff reichen Substanzen von körniger oder pulveriger Beschaffenheit. Daher liegen in der der Veraschungsstufe 3 nahen Zone der Vergasungszone 2 die Abfälle aus Holz- und Papierabfällen, Kunststoff und Vinylchloridpolymeren bestehend, im wesentlichen als fester Kohlenstoff vor. Wird nun in dieser Zone der Vergasungszone 2 Vergasungsluft, beispielsweise mit einem WassenJampfgehalt von 5 bis 20% und mit einer Temperatur von 150 bis 25O0C eingedüst, so wird der feste Kohlenstoff vergast. In diesem Stadium gelangt aus der Veraschungssiufe 3 aufsteigendes Abgas von etwa 10000C und einem CCh-Überschuß in diesen Bereich der Vergasungszone 2. Um eine Entzündung der Abfälle in der Vergasungszone 2 zu verhindern und um insbesondere ein partielles Ansteigen der Temperatur zu verhindern und um die Vergasung in oxydierender Atmosphäre und in Gegenwart von Wasserdampf und CO2 glatt und zügig durchführen zu können, wird Vergasungsmittel, nämlich Vergasungsluft eingeblasen. Durch Einstellen der eingeblasenen Luftmenge, deren Temperatur und/oder deren Feuchtigkeit läßt sich der Vergasungsvorgang so führen, daß bei einer Temperatur von 600 bis 750° C brennbare Gase entstehen, die einen Heizwert von 600 bis 1500kcal/Nm3 aufweisen können. Der die Vergasungszone 2 verlassende Rückstand, der noch einen ausreichenden Heizwert besitzt, wird in der anschließenden Veraschungsstufe 3 verascht, und fällt in der anschließenden Granuliervorrichtung im Schlackenbad als die Umwelt nicht belastender fester Müllrückstand an.In this continuously running process, waste of various compositions can be disposed of without damage. In the three successive process stages, drying stage 1, gasification zone 2 and incineration stage 3, the waste is subjected to the following processes, for example. The waste waste preheated and dried in drying stage 1 reaches gasification zone 2 at a temperature of around 150 to 200 ° C. This is where the waste begins to decompose, plastics, for example, are melted and, in the case of vinyl chloride polymers, hydrogen halide is split off and hydrogen chloride gas is released . As the waste continues to sink and enter gasification zone 2, the temperature rises. At around 400 to 500 ° C there is a strong acceleration in the decomposition of the various waste components. The volatile components are expelled and go into the gas phase with the simultaneous transition of the garbage components, insofar as they are starting materials of organic origin, in solid carbon-rich substances of granular or powdery nature. Therefore, in the zone of the gasification zone 2 close to the incineration stage 3, the waste consisting of wood and paper waste, plastic and vinyl chloride polymers, is essentially present as solid carbon. If now, for example, injected into this zone, the gasification zone 2 gasification air with a WassenJampfgehalt from 5 to 20% and a temperature of 150 to 25O 0 C, the fixed carbon is gasified. At this stage passes from the Veraschungssiufe 3 rising exhaust gas of about 1000 0 C and a CCh excess in this region of the gasification zone 2. In order to prevent ignition of the waste in the gasification zone 2 and in particular a partial increase to prevent the temperature and to To be able to carry out the gasification in an oxidizing atmosphere and in the presence of water vapor and CO2 smoothly and quickly, gasification agent, namely gasification air, is blown in. By adjusting the amount of air blown in, its temperature and / or its humidity, the gasification process can be carried out in such a way that flammable gases are formed at a temperature of 600 to 750 ° C, which can have a calorific value of 600 to 1500 kcal / Nm 3 . The residue leaving the gasification zone 2, which still has a sufficient calorific value, is incinerated in the subsequent incineration stage 3 and is obtained in the subsequent granulation device in the slag bath as a solid waste residue that does not pollute the environment.
Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings
Claims (2)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP7219770A JPS4933868B1 (en) | 1970-08-18 | 1970-08-18 | |
JP7256770A JPS4933866B1 (en) | 1970-08-19 | 1970-08-19 | |
JP9258370A JPS4933869B1 (en) | 1970-10-21 | 1970-10-21 | |
JP700171A JPS5141789B1 (en) | 1971-02-16 | 1971-02-16 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2141171A1 DE2141171A1 (en) | 1972-02-24 |
DE2141171B2 DE2141171B2 (en) | 1975-02-27 |
DE2141171C3 true DE2141171C3 (en) | 1975-10-16 |
Family
ID=27454610
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2141171A Expired DE2141171C3 (en) | 1970-08-18 | 1971-08-17 | Methods of waste disposal |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CA (1) | CA946216A (en) |
DE (1) | DE2141171C3 (en) |
DK (1) | DK131745C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2104443A5 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1365125A (en) |
NL (1) | NL168319C (en) |
SE (1) | SE376292B (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3049250A1 (en) * | 1980-12-27 | 1982-09-09 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BURNING ORGANIC SUBSTANCES |
DE3433238C1 (en) * | 1984-09-11 | 1986-01-09 | Artur Richard 6000 Frankfurt Greul | A process for the fluidised-bed gasification of refuse together with other fuels, and equipment for carrying out the process |
DE102007010070A1 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-04 | Alba Ag | Device for the treatment of household or household waste |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5135976B1 (en) * | 1971-07-20 | 1976-10-06 | ||
US3801082A (en) * | 1972-12-29 | 1974-04-02 | Union Carbide Corp | Oxygen refuse converter |
DE2604409C3 (en) * | 1976-02-05 | 1979-12-06 | Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Gmbh, 5170 Juelich | Process and incinerator for incinerating waste |
DE2633128C3 (en) * | 1976-07-23 | 1980-06-26 | Kernforschungsanlage Juelich, Gmbh, 5170 Juelich | Firing grate for a device for incinerating waste materials |
DE2654041C2 (en) * | 1976-11-29 | 1978-11-09 | Kernforschungsanlage Juelich, Gmbh, 5170 Juelich | Equipment and process for incineration of waste materials |
DE2734973C2 (en) * | 1977-08-03 | 1982-12-16 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Method and incinerator for incinerating waste |
DE2735107C2 (en) * | 1977-08-04 | 1981-12-24 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Incinerator for waste |
DE2735139C2 (en) * | 1977-08-04 | 1982-05-06 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | Incinerator for waste |
JPS5940184B2 (en) * | 1978-09-12 | 1984-09-28 | 日立造船株式会社 | Combustible waste processing furnace |
FR2484294B1 (en) * | 1980-06-17 | 1985-06-28 | Lejeune Gwenole | PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR TREATING WET PRODUCTS |
IN161460B (en) * | 1983-11-14 | 1987-12-05 | Voest Alpine Ag | |
SE8306588D0 (en) * | 1983-11-30 | 1983-11-30 | Skf Steel Eng Ab | SET AND DEVICE FOR INPUT OF GARBAGE IN CHAKT OVEN |
US4732091A (en) * | 1985-09-30 | 1988-03-22 | G.G.C., Inc. | Pyrolysis and combustion process and system |
DE3718669A1 (en) * | 1987-06-04 | 1988-12-15 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | METHOD FOR PROCESSING CONTAMINATED MINERALS |
DE3727218A1 (en) * | 1987-08-14 | 1989-02-23 | Deutsche Filterbau | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR CALCINATING LIMESTONE |
DE3900977A1 (en) * | 1989-01-14 | 1990-07-19 | Forschungszentrum Juelich Gmbh | Method for burning fuels and burning installation for carrying out this method |
ITRM20040297A1 (en) * | 2004-06-17 | 2004-09-17 | Sorain Cecchini Ambiente Sca Spa | METHOD FOR THE REALIZATION OF INTEGRAL RECYCLING WITH LOW ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF SOLID URBAN WASTE AND IMPLEMENTATION DEVICES. |
CN108716673A (en) * | 2018-07-05 | 2018-10-30 | 长沙中金智能装备有限公司 | A kind of waste incineration and generating electricity system and its treatment process |
CN110846082B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2024-08-16 | 中城绿建科技有限公司 | System for preparing high-heating-value fuel gas by cracking and gasification |
IT202100018155A1 (en) * | 2021-07-10 | 2023-01-10 | Luca Spadacini | Process and apparatus for the production of high quality synthesis gas for material recovery processes from carbonaceous matrix waste |
-
1971
- 1971-08-10 DK DK390171A patent/DK131745C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-08-10 GB GB3752971A patent/GB1365125A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-08-17 SE SE7110448A patent/SE376292B/xx unknown
- 1971-08-17 DE DE2141171A patent/DE2141171C3/en not_active Expired
- 1971-08-17 FR FR7130000A patent/FR2104443A5/fr not_active Expired
- 1971-08-17 NL NLAANVRAGE7111322,A patent/NL168319C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1971-08-17 CA CA120,727A patent/CA946216A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3049250A1 (en) * | 1980-12-27 | 1982-09-09 | Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BURNING ORGANIC SUBSTANCES |
DE3433238C1 (en) * | 1984-09-11 | 1986-01-09 | Artur Richard 6000 Frankfurt Greul | A process for the fluidised-bed gasification of refuse together with other fuels, and equipment for carrying out the process |
DE102007010070A1 (en) * | 2007-02-28 | 2008-09-04 | Alba Ag | Device for the treatment of household or household waste |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB1365125A (en) | 1974-08-29 |
NL168319C (en) | 1982-03-16 |
NL168319B (en) | 1981-10-16 |
DE2141171B2 (en) | 1975-02-27 |
FR2104443A5 (en) | 1972-04-14 |
DK131745B (en) | 1975-08-25 |
CA946216A (en) | 1974-04-30 |
DK131745C (en) | 1976-01-26 |
DE2141171A1 (en) | 1972-02-24 |
SE376292B (en) | 1975-05-12 |
NL7111322A (en) | 1972-02-22 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C3 | Grant after two publication steps (3rd publication) | ||
E77 | Valid patent as to the heymanns-index 1977 | ||
8339 | Ceased/non-payment of the annual fee |