DE2132654C3 - Self-lubricating anti-friction material - Google Patents

Description

used as construction material. This material is in use for up to a few thousand hours.

However, one can point out that in DT-AS 1 271 875 at the beginning of the test a coefficient of friction of 0.152 with an axle diameter of 0.63 cm is given. At the end of the 3-minute test, the coefficient of friction is up to 0.031. The coefficient of friction of the material according to the invention is ^{0.12 at the beginning of the test at a specific load of 115 kp / cm 2} and a sliding speed of 0.5 m / s and a diameter of 50 mm. After 60 minutes of examination it is up to 0.035 to 0.04.

The known solutions are therefore inferior to the solution proposed according to the invention.

The known self-lubricating anti-friction materials have insufficient mechanical properties Strength. When used in the friction components with increased specific loads these materials are characterized by relatively low wear resistance because they relate to the Sliding surfaces develop temperatures of 200 to 300 C. The service life is reduced under these conditions of the materials mentioned even more (the coefficient of friction and the rate of wear increase sharply).

The aim of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages mentioned.

The invention was based on the object, the relationship between the components in the self-lubricating anti-friction material, which consists of a carbon filler, powdered calcined petroleum coke or powdered artificial graphite or one of the named powdery fillers and a carbon fabric, made of a binder, the epoxy resin with a molecular weight of 300 to 1560, obtained by the condensation of the epichlorohydrin with the diphenylolpropane, and the polyalumophenylsiloxane resin with the molecular weight of 5000 to 15,000, the ratio of silicon atoms to aluminum atoms being 3 to 8, from one dry lubricant - the powder of boron nitride, natural graphite or molybdenum disulfide - is composed.

According to the invention, this object is achieved in that, in the event that the anti-friction material contains a powdered carbon filler, this material to 60 to 85 percent by weight from the Carbon filler, 17 to 22 percent by weight epoxy resin, 1 to 3 percent by weight Polyalumophenylsiloxane resin and composed of 3 to 10 percent by weight dry lubricant is. In the event that the anti-friction material is powdered carbon fabric as the carbon filler contains, the said material consists of 1.5 to 20 percent by weight of the powdery Carbon filler, 20 to 60 percent by weight from the carbon fabric, 17 to 40 percent by weight from epoxy resin, from 3 to 8 percent by weight of polyalumophenylsiloxane resin and from 5 to 12 weight percent from dry lubricant.

The anti-friction material according to the invention combines high mechanical strength, characteristic of Epoxy plastics, high heat resistance, characteristic of plastics based on organosilicon Resins, high self-lubricity, low coefficient of friction and high wear resistance, characteristic of carbon materials. The said material is also due to high Characterized by hardness and low gas permeability. These properties make it possible for the said self-lubricating anti-friction material for the manufacture of piston sealing rings Compressors that operate without lubrication of the duty cycle

»5 cylinders can be operated at a pressure of more than 100 atm, or face seals of the systems» kerosene / air «,» water / air «,» liquid oxygen / air «and others that run at sliding speeds of 7 to 20 m / sec, rotate to use. This material can also be used to manufacture plates for rotating pumps, slide bearings and slide pressure bearings with specific loads at friction of up to 70 kp / cm ² .

The material can be used for a longer period of time (over 1000 hours) at a temperature of the medium of (- 200) to (+ 20O) ⁰ C and for a short time (less than 100 hours) at temperatures of 200 to 300 ° C. The permissible specific maximum loads and the sliding speeds depend in each individual case on the respective specific operating conditions such as heat dissipation from the sliding surface, medium, external temperatures, etc.

As stated above, the antifriction material according to the invention contains epoxy resin with a molecular weight of 300 to 1560. Said resin with a molecular weight of 300 to 600 is obtained in the usual way by the condensation of 2 to 5 moles of epichlorohydrin and 1 mole of diphenylolpropane in an alkaline medium a temperature of 60 to 100 ⁰ C according to the following scheme:

NaOH

Cl - CH ₂ - CH - CH ₂ H
O ^N CH ₃ - O- -H ->
- l CH ₃
I. - 0 - CH ₂ - CH-CH ₂ -
/ ι
1 - CH ₃ OH η , CH ₃ ο—; - c - \ ' -OCH ₂ -CH-CH ₂ CH, O wherein t = 2-5

H ₂ C CH-CH ₂ -

After the condensation, which is carried out for 2 to 3 hours, the solvent and the Unreacted products are distilled off at a temperature of up to 130 ° C

The epoxy resin with the molecular weight of 600 to 1560 is obtained by the condensation of the epoxy resin with the molecular weight of 300 to 6C0 with additional amounts of diphenylolpropane or by the condensation of the diphenylolpropane with the epichlorohydrin in an alkaline medium at a temperature of 120 to 130 ^° C. In the synthesis of the epoxy resin with a molecular weight of> 600 to 1560, the molar ratio of diphenylolpropane to epichlorohydrin is (4 to 6): (5 to 7). After the water and the solvent (the toluene) have been distilled off at a temperature of 110 to 130 ° C., a viscous resin yellow in color is obtained.

The harvested egg according to the procedure mentioned

Epoxy resins are washed to remove the alkali

and the sodium chloride until a pH value of 6.5 to 7.5 and a content of chlorine are achieved Ion of not more than 0.2 per cent.

The anti-friction material according to the invention ent holds, as has already been pointed out above

ίο Polyalumophenylsiloxane resin with a molecular weight from 5000 to 15000, the cyclic, linear bar with phenyl groups on the silicon atoms and mil Has aluminum atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule. The resin has the following Structural formula:

QH ₅

O O

Si

C ₈ H ₅ C ₆ H ₅ O

QH ₅

Si

Si

Si

Al

Si

Si

Si

CH ₅

Si

QH ₅

QH ₅

QH ₅

where η = 2 - 5, the ratio * »= 3 to 8.

Polyalumophenylsiloxane resin of this type is also obtained by the known methods, namely by the reaction of the sodium salts of the phenylsilanetriols with the aluminum chloride and the aluminum sulfate or by the joint hydrolysis of phenyltrichlorosilane and aluminum chloride or Aluminum sulfate in an alkaline medium. The organic solvents used are, for. B. toluene, butanol. By changing the ratio of the silicon organifxhen Monomers and the aluminum salt are obtained with various polyalumophenylsiloxane Si / Al ratio.

The polyalumophenylsiloxane resin of cyclic-linear construction is characterized by high heat resistance, because the destruction of its molecule ruptures three bonds Si — O — Si, or two Bonds Si — O — Si, and one bond Si — O — Al or one Si — O — Si bond and two bonds Si-O-Al requires. The high energy of the Si — O — Si and Si — O — Al bonds, the 84th or 140 kcal / mole, as well as the need for simultaneous disintegration of three such strong chemical bonds greatly reduces the rate of thermal destruction of the Anti-friction material containing polyalumophenylsiloxane resin at elevated temperatures.

The aluminum in the main chain of the macromolecule has coordinative-active effect for electrophiles Oxygen atoms. This creates an additional system of internal bonds in the binder and thus reduces the compliance of the anti-friction material against mechanical deformations at elevated temperatures at the contact points of the sliding surfaces.

As mentioned above, the anti-friction material according to the invention contains carbon fillers, which are obtained by the known methods of carbonization and graphitization. the The basis of the methods is the heat treatment of such products as B. petroleum coke, viscose fabric at temperatures from 700 to 2400 ° C in reducing (CO, hydrocarbons) or neutral (Nitrogen) gas medium.

After the treatment at temperatures of 700 to 1100 ^° C., the products mentioned contain 70 to 90 percent by weight carbon, 0.5 to 2.0 percent by weight hydrogen, 0.2 to 2.5 percent by weight oxygen and 8 to 25 percent by weight inorganic additions. The heat treatment at temperatures of 1200 to 1600 ⁰ C favors the removal of almost all additions in the carbon material. With such a heat treatment, the material consists of 95 to 99 percent by weight carbon and no more than 1 to 5 percent by weight of inorganic additions. The heat treatment at temperatures of 1600 to 2400 ^° C. results in the formation of a crystalline graphite structure of the carbon. After heat treatment at the specified temperatures (700 to 2400 ° C), the carbon filler gains the property of self-lubrication, which leads to a reduction in the coefficient of sliding friction and an increase in the wear resistance of the anti-friction materials.

The heat treatment of powdered petroleum coke is carried out in periodic grate and graphitization furnaces by introducing the aforementioned powdered petroleum coke into graphite rods. The heat treatment of the fabric is carried out in a shaft furnace with continuous pulling through the Through the furnace or in graphitizing furnaces by placing the tissue in graphite crucibles.

'.isic-The

The self-lubricating anti-friction material according to the invention is prepared as follows.

The carbon filler, calcined earth coke or artificial graphite, ground to a grain composition, in which 90%> of the powder passes through a sieve with a mesh size of 0.09 mm and not more than 1.5% remain on the sieve with a mesh size of 0.15 mm a mixer with Z-shaped blades. Then mix the carbon filler with the dry lubricant, the epoxy resin and a solution of Polyalumophenyhiloxanharz z. Am Toluene. After stirring, the mass is dried in a vacuum drying cabinet or immediately in the Mixer if the latter is equipped with a heater.

The molding compound obtained in this way is ground on a back and vibrating mill and sieved on a sieve with a mesh size of 0.3 to 0.5 mm. The press powder that has passed through the sieve is considered suitable for pressing.

In the event that the anti-friction material in addition to the powdered carbon filler also Contains carbon cloth, the above material is prepared as follows.

One prepares the impregnating agent by adding the powdery one Carbon filler with the epoxy resin, the solution of polyalumophenylsiloxane resin, the dry lubricant and toluene or acetone (to dissolve the epoxy resin) mixed. then one soaks the carbon webc by hand or machine. Used in the latter case conventional impregnation machines. The fabric is guided with the help of a tape transport mechanism through the prepared impregnation mixture. The tissue soaked in this way one then passes through a shaft dryer and at the outlet from this one receives one that is ready for pressing Press material.

The soaked and dried fabric is cut into semi-finished products, the dimensions of which correspond to the Coincide cross-section of the mold. The fabric can also be narrow (from 5 to 10 mm wide) and long (from 2 to 5 m in length) ribbons or into pieces of various shapes (square, parallelepiped) with dimensions of 10 to 20 x 10 to 40 mm can be cut.

From the press material in the form of press powder or semi-finished products made of saturated and dried tissue , semi-finished products or friction components of the machines and mechanisms are obtained by compression molding. To do this, the molding material is introduced into the mold at a temperature of 20 to 70.degree. The mold is closed and a pressure of 200 to 650 kpcm ^{2 is} applied. It switches the heating and increases the temperature at constant pressure at 200-205 ⁰ C during 60 to 120 minutes depending on the dimensions of the die and the power of the heater. The semifinished product is kept under pressure at a temperature of 200 to 205 ° C. for a period of 2 to 3 minutes per 1 mm of product thickness. After holding, the semifinished product or the part with the die is cooled to a temperature of 80 to 100 ° C., after which the said semifinished product or the part is discharged. To accelerate the cooling process, the mold is equipped with a water heat exchanger. The temperature of the mold is measured in the body of the mold in half the height of the semi-finished product or part.

The parts with a fine profile can also be produced from the molding powder by injection molding, which is used for curable plastics. The molding temperature is 210 to 215 ° C., the pressure in the casting mold is 200 to 400 kgf / cm ² , and the part remains in the casting mold for 5 to 30 minutes. The temperature of the mass

ίο in the screw mechanism, and in the sprues should not exceed 100 to 110 ⁰ C. Before the part is discharged from the casting mold, the temperature is lowered to 80 to 100 ^° C. by using water cooling of the casting mold.

For a better understanding of the present invention, the following examples of the Manufacture of the self-lubricating anti-friction material of the present invention.

example 1

37 kg of petroleum coke annealed at 1300 to 1350 ^° C. with a grain composition in which 78% of the powder passed through a sieve with a

»Step 5 mesh size of 0.09 mm and the residue on the sieve with a mesh size of 0.15 mm is 1.1%. 2.5 kg of boron nitride were also added to the mixer. The mixture of powders was stirred for 10 minutes. 9.5 kg of epoxy resin with a molecular weight of 380 and 1 kg of polyalumophenylsiloxane resin with a molecular weight of 12,000 were then introduced into the mixer (the latter was introduced in the form of a 45% solution in toluene).
The epoxy resin mentioned was obtained in the medium of toluene by the condensation of 2 moles of epichlorohydrin and 1 mole of diphenylolpropane in the presence of a twofold excess of 50% aqueous caustic soda solution, based on the hydrogen chloride which separated out. The temperature of the condensation is 60 ° C, the duration of the condensation 2 hours. After the process dus solvent (toluene and water) was distilled off at a temperature up to 130 C ^c. The resin was washed with water to remove the alkali and sodium chloride. The chlorine ion content of the end product is less than 0.1 percent by weight, the pH value 7.1, the epoxy group content 22 percent by weight, and the mean cryoscopically determined molecular weight 380.

The above-mentioned polyalumophenylsiloxane resin is obtained by reacting the sodium salt of the phenylsilanetriol with the aluminum sulfate in the medium of toluene and water. The initial ratio of the Si atoms to the Al atoms is 8.

This made it possible to obtain a Si / Al ratio of 6.3 in the polyalumophenylsiloxane. The polyalumophenylsiloxane resin dissolved in toluene was converted into the sulfate ion with water until it reached a content of less than Washed out 0.1 percent by weight, and then the toluene until a 45% solution of the Resin distilled off. The cryoscopically determined molecular weight of the resin is 12,000.

The previously compiled mass (annealed

Petroleum coke, boron nitride, epoxy and polyalumophenylsiloxane resin) were kept under vacuum (residual pressure = 300 to 400 Torr) with stirring for 40 minutes. During this period, the

509618η 83

110

electrical heater of the mixer, the temperature of the mass from 20 to 106 ⁰ C increased. When this temperature was reached, the heating, vacuum suction and stirring were switched off. The molding compound was discharged and packed in paper sacks. After breaking on the jaw mill (single pressure applied through the jaws) and on the vibrating mill (40 minutes of grinding), the press powder was sieved on the sieve with a mesh size of 0.5 mm and pressed in the press mold. Semi-finished products with a diameter of 265 mm and a height of 230 mm are obtained. The pressing temperature was 200 to 205 ° C, the pressing pressure 600 to 650 kp'cm ² . The holding time is 10 hours at the pressing temperature under this pressure. After the compression mold had cooled to a temperature of 80 ° C., the pressed semi-finished product was discharged.

To test the compressive strength of the material obtained, cylinders 10 mm in diameter were used and 20 mm high. The density and the Brinell hardness are measured on specimens with the dimensions 15 · 15 ■ 100 mm determined.

The wear rate and the coefficient of friction were determined on samples with dimensions of 10 10 10 mm when the samples slide over a steel roller made of chromium-nickel steel containing 1 percent by weight carbon, 18 percent by weight chromium, and 9 percent by weight nickel. The HRC hardness of the steel is 40 to 50 kp / mm ² , the height of the surface unevenness is 2 to 4 mkm. The sliding speed of the friction surface is 0.5 m / sec, the specific load 70 kp'cm ² . The rate of wear was determined as the ratio of the decrease in the height of the sample to the duration of the test and was measured in micrometers-hour.

The gas permeability was determined on samples in the form of rings with an outer diameter of 25 mm, 18 mm inner diameter and 10 mm height. The sample (the ring) was closed from above and from at the bottom with rubber and then steel washers. You pumped from the resulting inner cavity exhaust the air to a pressure of 0.5 to 1.0 torr. The gas permeability of the sample was calculated based on the measurement of the pressure in the internal cavity after 60 minutes.

The properties of the self-lubricating anti-friction material obtained according to the example are as follows: density, preferably ¹ 1.76 + 0.02; Compressive strength. kpem ² 2050 + 100; Brinell hardness. kp / mrn? 65 "± 5: wear speed, mkm'hour 2.0 - ^ 0.2; coefficient of friction 0.06 f 0.01; gas permeability. Darsy

Example 2

In a paddle mixer of 10 liter capacity was brought 3.55 kg calcined petroleum coke obtained according to Example I and the same komzusammensetzung as in Example 1 0.04 kg molybdenum disulfide. 0.05 epoxy resin, obtained according to example 1, and 0.1 kg polyalumophenylsiloxane resin in the form of a 45% strength toluene solution, also prepared according to the principle mentioned in example 1. The mixture obtained was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, then dried in a vacuum drying cabinet on a baking sheet at a temperature of HO to 120 ^° C. under a residual pressure of 200 torr for 60 minutes. The mass was then broken up and ground as described in Example 1 and then processed by compression molding to give semi-finished products 78 mm in diameter and 100 mm in height. The pressing pressure was 600 to 650 kp / s ² , the temperature 200 to 205 ° C and the pressing time 5 to 5.5 hours.

The properties of the self-lubricating anti-friction material obtained were tested in a manner analogous to the test method described in Example 1. The following test results were obtained: density, g / cnV 1.78 ± 0.02; Compressive strength, kp / cm- 1800 ± 100; Brinell hardness, kp / mm ² 59 + 4; Wear speed, mkm / hour 2.4 + 0.3; Coefficient of friction 0.06 + - 0.01; Gas permeability, Darsy 5 10 ³ + 10%.

Example 3

In a mixer of 100 liters capacity, 34.5 kg of artificial graphite was placed

so by the heat treatment of petroleum coke at one Temperature of 2200 ° C, and 5 kg of natural graphite. The powders were mixed for 20 minutes. Then 9.3 kg of epoxy resin with a molecular weight of 450 and 1.2 kg of polyaluminum were introduced into the mixer.

* 5 mophenylsiloxanehar7 with the molecular weight 7000 (the latter was introduced in the form of a 63% solution in toluene).

The epoxy resin mentioned was obtained by the condensation of 3 moles of epichlorohydrin and 1 mole Diphenylol propane. The conditions of condensation and purification of the resin are the conditions analogous to example 1. The resin contained less than 0.2 percent by weight chlorine ions, 18 percent by weight Epoxy groups and had a cryoscopically determined molecular weight of 450.

To obtain the polyalumophenylsiloxane resin, as described in Example 1, from a Si'AI ratio of 6. In the obtained resin, the ratio of silicon atoms to Aluminum atoms 4.2. The molecular weight of the resin as determined by cryoscopy was 7,000.

The mass, prepared from the artificial and natural graphite, epoxy resin and polyalumophenylsiloxane resin, was dried, broken and ground as described in Example 1. Semi-finished products with the dimensions 400-100 150 mm were then pressed from the press material obtained under a pressure of 400 kp'cm ² at a temperature of 200 to 205 ° C. for 10 hours.

The test of the properties of the self-lubricating anti-friction material obtained was carried out as described in Example 1. The following results were obtained: density, g / cm * 1.80 ± 0.02, compressive strength, kp'cm * 1200 + 50; Brine hardness, kp mra ^!

50 ± 5; Wear speed, mkm hour 4.0 + 0.5; Friction coefficient 0.08 ± 0.01 gas permeability. Darsy 10 »+ 10» e.

Example 4

7.2 kg of calcined petroleum coke, obtained according to Example 1, 0.5 kg of boron nitride were placed in the mixer. 2.1 kg epoxy resin with the molecular weight of! 56O and 0.2 kg of Poiyaiumophenylsiloxanharz, obtained according to Example 3, in the form

a 63% solution in toluene em.

The epoxy resin mentioned was obtained by the condensation of the epichlorohydrin as synthesized Example 1, with the diphenylol propane. whose

Amount was calculated so that the molar ratio of epichlorohydrin to diphenylolpropane is 7: 6. The temperature of the condensation was 130 to 140 ° C. and the duration was 2 hours. A yellow-brownish resin was obtained, which is solid at room temperature, with an epoxide group content of 8 percent by weight and a molecular weight of 1560 (determined by cryoscopy).

The mixture prepared earlier, which consists of calcined petroleum coke, boron nitride, epoxy resin and polyalumophenylsiloxane resin, was stirred under vacuum (at a residual pressure of 300 Torr) at a temperature of 130 ° C. for 90 minutes. The mass was then broken, ground and sieved as described in Example 1. The press powder obtained was pressed into semi-finished products with a diameter of 78 mm and a height of 100 mm. The pressing pressure was 600 to 650 kgf / cm ² , the temperature 200 to 205 ° C., and the pressing time 5 to 5.5 hours.

The properties of the anti-friction material were tested as described in Example 1. The following results were obtained: density, g / cm · ¹ »1.79 ± 0.01; compressive strength kp / cm ² 1500 ± 100; Brinell hardness, kp / mm ² 38 ± 5; Wear speed, mkm / hour 2.7 ± 0.2; Coefficient of friction 0.07 ± 0.01; Gas permeability, Darsy ΙΟ "" + 15%.

Example 5

A press powder was prepared as described in Example 1, but it was dried at a temperature of 90 ° C. and processed into products in the form of rings (ν m 45 mm outer diameter, 36 mm inner diameter, 5 mm height) by injection molding for curable Plastics. The casting temperature was 100 ° C., the temperature of the casting mold was 215 ° C., the casting pressure was 250 kgf / cm ² , and the part remained in the mold for 30 minutes.

For the manufacture of self-lubricating anti-friction material, the density was determined by hydrostatic weighing of the ring of the above dimensions. The compressive strength was measured on samples with the dimensions 5-5-5 mm, the wear resistance and the coefficient of friction, as described in Example 1, also on samples with the dimensions 5-5-5 mm. The test results are as follows: Density g / cm ^{: i} 1.76 ± 0.03; Compressive strength, kp / cm ² 1950 ± 100; Wear speed, mkm / ^ hour 2.1 ± 0.2; Friction coefficient 0.06 ± 0.01.

Example 6

An impregnation mixture consisting of resins, powder of petroleum coke, dry lubricant and toluene was prepared in a mixer with a capacity of 25 liters.First, 10 kg of epoxy resin, obtained analogously to the method described in Example 1, and 2 kg of polyalumophenylsiloxane resin were put into the mixer a 45% solution in toluene, likewise obtained analogously to the method described in Example 1. 2.5 kg of boron nitride, 15.5 kg of toluene and 1 kg of powder of calcined petroleum coke, obtained in accordance with the procedure of Example 1, were added to the resins. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes and a carbon cloth was impregnated with this mixture with continuous stirring. The carbon fabric was obtained beforehand by heat treatment of viscose fabric in the medium of methane at a temperature of 1200 to 1250 ° C.

For impregnation, the carbon fabric with a bandwidth of 220 mm was passed through the impregnating mix in such a way that the latter contained 1200 mm of fabric at the same time. The speed of the fabric passed through was 2.5 m / h. The tissue with the impregnation center applied to it was in a shaft dryer at a tempera

ίο door of 110 ° C for 40 minutes After drying the unique passing the carbon tissue by the Tränkgemisch was the Ge weight gain of the fabric after the Trocknunj 67 ° / (i to the weight of this tissue.

The press material obtained by the process described was cut into 400 x 100 mm plates and put together in the form of a 250 mm high package. The package was pressed into de mold with a cross section of 400 x 100 mn

so under a pressure of 200 kp / cm ² at a Tempe temperature of 200 to 205 ° C for 10 hours. The mold with the semifinished product was then cooled to (temperature of 80 ° C., after which the semifinished product was discharged from the mold.

The semifinished product mentioned was used for the production of samples with dimensions of 15-15-120 mm, which were necessary to determine the flexural strength and density. The flexural strength was determined by applying a load parallel or perpendicular to the layers of the carbon fabric. On samples mi dimensions 10-10 10 mm to di <wear rate and the Reibungszah particular along the tissue layers. The electrical conductivity was also determined along the fabric layers on the same samples that were used to determine the flexural strength.

The test gave the following characteristic values for the self-lubricating anti-friction material, density, g / cm ^{: i} 1.3 ± 0.1; Flexural strength, kp / cm ² parallel to the tissue layers 700 ± 150, perpen dicular to the tissue layers 1800 ± 200; Ver wear speed, mkm / hour 3.8 ± 0.5; Coefficient of friction 0.08 ± 0.02; specific resistance ohm mm ² m 90 ± 30.

Example 7

One prepared a Tränkgemisch by ii the mixer 10 kg of epoxy resin with the molecular weight 450, obtained as described in the case of game 3 1 kg Polyalumophenylsiloxanharz in forn a 45 ^e / o solution in toluene obtained according to de procedure of Example 1, 10 kg of acetone, 2.5 kg of boron nitride and 1 kg of calcined petroleum coke, obtained oad the procedure of Example 1, introduced. The mixture was stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. Dana was impregnated with this painting in a carbon fabric. The carbon fabric he

one held by heat treatment of viscose weave in the medium of methane at a temperature of J 600C.

The conditions under which the carbon tissue was passed through the potion, as well as the conditions for drying the impregnating fabric are similar to those described in the examples. Nad One passage of the carbon fabric through the impregnation body cheated the weight gain of the Ge

fabrics after drying 100% to the weight of this fabric.

The soaked and dried fabric was cut into ribbons 10 mm wide and 2 to 3.5 mm long, which were introduced into the mold in a tangled state and under those described in Example 6 Conditions pressed into semi-finished products. Samples were made from the semi-finished product obtained and dimensions of 15 x 15 - 120 mm for the determination of the flexural strength and the density. the Flexural strength was determined by applying a load parallel to the layers of carbon fabric. The wear resistance was determined on samples with dimensions of 10 × 10 × 10 mm and the coefficient of friction along the fabric layers. The notched impact strength was tested Samples with dimensions 15 x 15 x 100 mm, the gas permeability on samples in the form of rings (Dimensions of the rings and test methods are as given in Example 1).

The test gave the following characteristics of the self-lubricating anti-friction material: density, g / cm ³ 1.3 + 0.1; Flexural strength, kp / cm ² 1400 ± 200; Impact strength, kp / cm ² sec 27 + 4; Wear speed, mkm / hour 3.9 ± 0.4; Coefficient of friction 0.08 ± 0.02; Gas permeability, Darsy 5 10-8 ± 10 »/ o.

Example 8

1 kg of natural graphite in powder form was used to prepare the impregnation mixture 3 kg of powdered artificial graphite. The latter was obtained by heat treatment before petroleum coke at a temperature of 2400 ° C with its subsequent crushing on a vibrating mill. The artificial graphite had a grain composition in which 82% of the powder passed through the sieve step with a mesh size of 0.15 mm and the residue on the sieve is 1.2%.

The carbon powder mentioned was mixed with 10 kg of epoxy resin with a molecular weight of 450, the production of which is described in Example 3, 1.2 kg of polyalumophenylsiloxane resin in the form of a 63% solution in toluene, obtained according to the procedure of Example 3, and 10 kg of acetone. The duration the mixing of the components takes 40 to 45 minutes. To prevent sedimentation the carbon powder continued to mix the mixture intensively while the fabric was soaked through. A carbon fabric was used for the impregnation

ίο Viscose fabric in the medium of methane at a Temperature of 1800 ° C was obtained. Passing through of the fabric through the impregnation mixture and its drying took place as described in Example 6. When the fabric was soaked, a Layer of powdered carbon materials applied. After passing the Carbon fabric due to the impregnation mixture was the weight gain of the fabric after drying 120% to the weight of this fabric.

The dried carbon fabric was cut into sheets with dimensions of 400 x 100 mm, which were folded into a 250 mm high package and pressed in the compression mold with a cross section of 400 x 100 mm. The pressing pressure was 200 ± 20 kp / cm ² , the temperature 200 to 205 "C, the duration of holding under the pressure 10 hours. The pressed semi-finished products gave samples with dimensions of 15-15-120 mm for determining the flexural strength on application The Brinell hardness, density and notched impact strength were determined on the same samples.

The test gave the following characteristics of the self-lubricating anti-friction material: density, g / cm ³ 1.4 + 0.2; Brinell hardness, kp / mm ² 40 ± 5; Flexural strength kp / cm ² 1300 + 150; Notched impact strength, kp / cm ² · sec 20 ± 5; Coefficient of friction 0.08 ± 0.01; Wear resistance, mkm / hour 4.2 ± 0.3.

Claims (5)

wise an anti-friction material known, which zi patent claim: 56 percent by weight of phenolic aldehyde resin, zi 4.4 percent by weight of powdery natural self-lubricating anti-friction material, ent-graphite, to 19 percent by weight of lead powder, zi holding 5 19 percent by weight of copper powder and 1.6Ge 1. As a carbon filler, it is composed of silicone resin as a percentage by weight a) a powdered calcined petroleum coke (see U.S. Patent No. 2,581,301). or It is also an anti-friction material: .. annt, wel b) a powdery artificial graphite, ches to 35.5 percent by weight of epoxy resin, zi 2. a carbon fabric , io 35.5 percent by weight made of epoxy resin, zn 54 Ge 3. a binder epoxy resin with the molar weight percent molybdenum disulfide, 10.3 Ge Cell weight 300 to 1560, obtained by the weight percentage from the hardener of the epoxy resin: Condensation of epichlorohydrin with di- (agent 901) and 0.2 percent by weight of stearic phenylolpropane, ether is composed (see LJSA.-Patentschrift 4. a polyalumophenylsiloxane resin with 15 No. 3,079,338). Molecular weight 5000 to 15,000, which is also a self-lubricating anti-friction The ratio of SiJiciumatome to the aluminum material known, which is made of a by heat miniumatomen is 3 to 8, treated grain tissue, soaked with a gel 5. as a dry lubricant powder mix of phenol-formaldehyde resin and graphite, loading a) boron nitride 20 is available (see copyright of the USSR No. 178 977) b) natural graphite or DT-AS 1 271 875 relates to a dry lubricant c) Molybdenum disulphide, medium, the epoxy resin and organosilicon dilute characterized in that the bindings as a binder in addition to other additives contains self-lubricating anti-friction material, while DT-OS 1 926 586 as a bearing construction 1/1. 60 to 85 percent by weight carbon - 25 parts with self-lubricating effect composite fillers used, fabrics of mosaic structure concerned. they consist of 2. 17 to 22 percent by weight epoxy resin, known dry lubricants, fibrous 3. 1 to 3 percent by weight of polyaluminum-reinforcing fillers, polyorganosiloxane and ornylsiloxane resin and general elastomers. 4. 3 to 10 weight percent dry 30 One of the main features of the present lubricants or the opposite invention is the introduction II 1. 1.5 to 20 percent by weight powdery of polyalumophenylsiloxane, which in none of the Entgem Carbon filler, counterbalances is suggested. As in the following- 2. 20 to 60 percent by weight of carbon gems, explained in more detail, is what brings about the introduction weave, 35 of the Si-O-Al bond in the macromolecule of the 3. 17 to 40 percent by weight epoxy resin, by means of a sudden increase in the thermal 4. 3 to 8 weight percent polyalumophenyl destructive resistance of the total mass. These siloxane resin and appearance is based on the fact that aluminum is in the 5. 5 to 12 weight percent dry backbone of the macromolecules is a coordination lubricant consists. 40 active effect for electrophilic oxygen atoms sits. This makes an additional system more internal Bindings formed with the binder, which The present invention relates to self-susceptibility of the anti-friction material to lubricating anti-friction materials. mechanical deformation at elevated temperatures The materials mentioned are used for the 45 doors at the contact points of the surface slide Manufacture of friction components that are reduced without forging. tion work, as well as for the production of rice The specified relationships of all components Exercise components, which in water, kerosene, lubricating oils cause the occurrence of the above or liquid oxygen. appearance in the anti-friction self-lubricating They are self-sustaining anti-friction materials. It is known that a carbon filler powder is based on what you said above of calcined petroleum coke or powder of artificial difference between the known state of the lichem graphite, or one of the mentioned pulverför- technique and the object of the invention obvious filler and a carbon fabric a borrowed. At PV = 35 kpcm / cm ² · s , the abrasion-binder-epoxy or polyalumophenylsiloxane speed for 30 days of uninterrupted spray resin, a dry lubricant powder made from boron fungus, is 0.144 cm. If the test is carried out at PV = 10.2 kpcm / trid, natural graphite and molybdenum disulphide, cm ² · s, then the abrasion is the grinding. So is z. B. a self-lubricating Antifrik- terials according to the invention 0.07 cm in a period tion material is known to 67 percent by weight of 30 days compared to 0.17 cm for the from the powdered petroleum coke, to 60 DT-OS 1 926 586 known material with mosaic 2.5 percent by weight made of epoxy resin, to 21.25 structure. weight percent from polymethylphenylsiloxane resin, to From DT-AS 1 271 875 is a self-lubricating 1.25 percent by weight of polyalumophenylsiloxane compound for the lubrication of rotating, in single resin and up to 8 percent by weight of molybdenum disulfide of standing steel surfaces known, the relative is composed (see the authorship of the 65 is briefly encumbered until the consumption of the thin USSR No. 181 222). Smear layer. The self-lubricating according to the invention There are also a number of other self-lubricating anti-friction materials used to counteract this Antifriction materials known. It is an example of parts subject to abrasion, i. H.