DE2132543A1 - Glass fibres and products made conducting - by spraying with tin salts soln and curing - Google Patents

Abstract

Method of coating glass fibre mesh net or woven textile with an electrically conducting layer comprises applying a transparent layer of SnO2 doped with 3-15% Sb2O3 whereby the fibre thickness is not substantially increased is vapour deposited at 300-500 (400) degrees C onto preheated fibres from a controlled mixt. of the vapours of the chlorides and steam. Electrically conducting elements for heated blankets, carpets, cushions, curtains, clothes, fibres reinforced plastics, etc. Glass is not heavily discoloured, and remains flexible. The vapours may be passed over the fibres one at a time or together. Opt. up to 3% FeCl3 may be mixed into the vapour stream. The vapours are carried in purified air or oxygen. When injected into the air stream as a single vapour, the vapour is obtained by evaporating an aq. soln. of the mixed chlorides.

Description

Addition to patent application no.

Electric glass-textile heating with optically transparent surface heating conductor.

Various methods are known, glass fibers and those made from them Threads, fabrics, nets or fleeces etc.

with plastics made electrically conductive or other (including inorganic) To coat binders.

This is done, for example, by impregnation, spraying or lamination of plastic dispersions, solutions or melts containing carbon (graphite and / or soot) and / or metals in a very fine and uniform distribution .contained.

-This way you get electrically conductive glass -Textiles, which can be heated electrically by applying a voltage with suitable contacting can.

The disadvantages of glass textiles coated in this way are: 1. the intense coloration as a result of the black, gray or metallic sheen Conductor particles, 2. the stiffening of the tissue through the mostly highly filled and therefore often brittle conductive lacquer, 3. different coating and consequently Fluctuations in the sheet resistance with different capillarity, the tissue, 4th different coating for blow-off nozzles that are not exactly dimensioned, 5. different Coating and consequently fluctuations in the sheet resistance even with minor Distance deviation across the width of the calender rolls of the laminating system etc.

To eliminate these disadvantages - at least for the most part - -Is proposed as a novelty, according to the patent application no., which this Registration is attached as an addition, according to a procedure analogous to the one specified there with a very thin, firmly adhering and optically transparent conductor layer that consists primarily of tin dioxide with 3-15% antimony trioxide as a doping compound, to prove.

This coating, which the fibers only insignificantly in their cross-section increased and therefore also does not result in a significant decrease in flexibility is heated in a heating section to 300-5000C, via the gas phase preferably 4000G preheated fabric webs or threads with a defined mixture made of tin tetrachloride vapor, antimony trichloride vapor and water vapor.

The vapors are from separate saturation vessels, which are based on the temperatures that for the preparation of the respective mixing ratio of the reactor components required partial pressures -heated by means of a purified air stream (Intake air bottle or compressor) off unite Wide slot nozzle direct on the heated glass threads, - nets, - fabrics or - fleeces.

A variant of the above procedure is to pass the heated Tissue through steaming chambers into which the vapors of the reactants are introduced or only generated there by spraying in a set solution of the components will.

Forms on the surface through thermal decomposition and reaction of the heated glass fibers, threads or fabrics a firmly adhering electrically conductive one Coating of tin dioxide and antimony trioxide.

From such conductively coated glass fibers and manufactured therefrom Textiles can be optically transparent, almost colorless and therefore subsequently -Dyeable flexible heating elements e.g. for electric blankets and heating pads, heating inserts for items of clothing, room heating (wallpaper, ceiling wallpaper and curtain heating etc.), as well as electrically conductive inserts e.g. in glass fiber reinforced plastics (for plates, molded parts and pipelines, etc.).

Example 1.

A strip (4 x 8 cm) of a thermally desized glass fabric (No. 91121 from Interglas in Ulm) was heated to about 4500C using a hot plate heated and with a mixture of SnCl4 -, SbCl3 - and water vapor from 25 to 30 cm away from a glass nozzle, the three separate supply lines for the Had reaction gases. Because the pipe cross-sections and with almost the same flow resistance Even the flow rates were approximately the same, the mixing ratio was SnCl4: SbCl3 adjusted via the temperature-dependent partial pressures.

The saturation vessel for SnC¾ had a temperature of 20 ° C, the one for SbCl3 it was heated to 75 ° C. so that a partial pressure ratio p SnCl4 : p SbCl3 # 580: 50 mm Hg.

The sample blown at an angle (angle to the horizontal approx. 300) showed after about 1 minute of exposure a pale bluish color and reached one square sheet resistance of 1100 ohms.

Example 2.

A strip (4 x 8 cm) of a thermally desiccated glass fabric (No. 91121 from liiterglas Ulm) was heated to about 4500C using a hot plate and with a solution 5 ml / of 5 ml anhydrous SnCl4, dissolved in a solution of 4.28 g of SbC13, 20 ml of concentrated HC1 and a total volume of 100 ml topped up with distilled water from a distance of approx. 35 - 40 cm below at an angle of approx. 20-300 to the horizontal for approx. 1 - 2 minutes using sprayed with a very fine glass nozzle.

The bluish shimmering piece of fabric had a square sheet resistance of 950 ohms.

Claims (11)

Addition to patent application no. Claims 1. A method for coating glass fibers and / or webs, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, braids or fleeces made therefrom characterized in that the coating is in the gas phase at approximately atmospheric pressure takes place by adding the vapors of the reactants either simultaneously or sequentially with the aid of a transport gas stream to 300-5000C, preferably 400-450 ° C heated glass surface is vaporized and there is / are made to react, the thereupon abgsschexdeLi layer of one or more metal oxides for enhancement their electrical conductivity with the vapor of the compounds of one or more Doping elements is doped. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction components Are water vapor and tin tetrachloride vapor. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reaction components from water vapor, tin tetra chloride vapor and iron chloride vapor (~~ 3% FeCl3 on the SEC14 part). 4. The method according to claim 1 - 3, characterized in that that Compounds of the elements of the 5th main group of the periodic table alone or in Mischurg can be used with each other as a doping compound. 5. The method according to claim 1-4, characterized in that Antimontrichlorld is used as a doping compound. 6. The method according to claim 1-5, characterized in that the doping takes place simultaneously with xer coating with tin dioxide via the gas phase. 7. The method according to claim 1-5, characterized in that the reaction components SnCl4, SbCl3, possibly FeCl3 and water in a suitable mixing ratio in the form a hydrochloric acid, aqueous solution and this solution by means of a fine atomizing nozzle sprayed with the aid of a compressed transport gas and by suitable temperature control of the surroundings of the steaming object in front of the eigeuclichen Coating is evaporated. 8. The method according to claim 1-7, characterized in that the transport gas Purified air is used. 9. The method according to claims 1 - 7 characterized in that F that as a transport gas other mixtures of us and nitrogen can be used, which depend on the mis @@@@@@ - ratio these gases differ in the supply air. 10. Electrically conductive coated glass fibers and / or manufactured therefrom Spun, woven, knitted, braided or non-woven fabrics, characterized in that the Conductive layer optically transparent St and made of metal oxides, essentially tin dioxide and has an antimony trioxide content between 7 and 15%. 11. Electric glass textile heating with optically transparent Surface heating element, characterized in that according to the method of claims 1 - 9 coated glass fibers and / or webs, woven and knitted fabrics made from them, Braids or fleeces - contacted in a suitable manner on the heat conductor layer - can be used as a direct heating device.